Use Of Succinic Acid Research Articles

On the use of succinic anhydride as acylating agent for practical resolution of aryl–alkyl alcohols through lipase-catalyzed acylation

A comparison is carried out of the E-values recorded in the lipase-catalyzed resolution of a series of secondary aryl–alkyl alcohols with enol esters versus succinic anhydride. Whereas all the substrates could be resolved by a proper choice of the lipase/enol ester couple with moderate ( E=50) to good ( E>100) enantioselectivities, only some of them showed satisfactory enantioselectivity ( E>50) with the use of succinic acid as acylating agent. Notably, indanol and 1-quinolin-3-yl-ethanol were resolved in a practical way, with E>100 and E>80, respectively.

The use of succinic acid, as a pH buffer, expands the potentialities of utilisation of a chemically defined medium in Saccharomyces cerevisiae flocculation studies

The pH, viability and flocculation during the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 1214 in rich medium (YEPD) and in chemically defined medium (YNB) were compared. As the pH fell from 5.3 to 2.2, the viability fell to 20% and no flocculation was observed in YNB medium, despite the high flocculation in buffer. With the addition of 50 mM succinic acid and 3.1 mM Ca2+, similar growth to YEPD, with 99% of viability and flocculation in culture medium, was obtained.

Inhibition of mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis by succinic acid.

We have examined the effect of succinic acid on anaphylaxis. Succinic acid (100 mM) significantly inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in mice and dose-dependently inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE. Further 10 and 100 mM significantly inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl IgE. In addition succinic acid (0.1 and 1 mM) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-dinitrophenyl IgE-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion from rat peritoneal mast cells. The level of cyclic AMP in rat peritoneal mast cells, when succinic acid (100 mM) was added, transiently and significantly increased about 4 times compared with that of basal cells. These results suggest a possible use of succinic acid in managing mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis.

Use of Succinic Acid to Test the Stability of PTCR Barium Titanate Ceramics under Reducing Conditions

On heating positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) BaTiO3 ceramics at 350°C in succinic acid powder, a reducing atmosphere is created as the succinic acid pyrolyzes. Grain boundary resistances, which may give a PTCR effect, are reduced by this treatment, whereas surface layer resistances, which may also give a PTCR effect, are much less affected.

The energy of combustion of succinic acid

The energy of combustion of a thoroughly dried sample of succinic acid was measured by oxtgen-bomb combustion calorimetry, with the result: ΔU o o (298.15 K) M = −(3020.86±0.54) cal th g −1 from six combustions. The results of 15 previous investigations on the energy of combustion of succinic acid were critically reviewed and recalculated to 298.15 K and standard state conditions. The weighted mean values for succinic acid are: ΔU o o M = −(3020.55±0.38) cal th g −1 ; ΔU o o = −(356.69 7±0.045) kcal th mol −1 ; ΔH o o = −(356.40 1±0.045) kcal th mol −1 ; ΔH t o = −(224.75±0.13) kcal th mol −1 . The optimum procedures for use of succinic acid as a test substance in combustion calorimetry are discussed.

Use of succinic acid as a standard in alkalimetry and acidimetry

Use of succinic acid as a standard in alkalimetry and acidimetry