Use Of Public-private Partnerships Research Articles

Public-private partnerships and land value capture: A convergent framework to improve the procurement of urban rail transit infrastructure

The use of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and Land Value Capture (LVC) as a procurement model to deliver Urban Rail Transit (URT) systems and networks has received mixed reviews. This paper addresses the following research question: How can the public sector effectively realise the benefits of integrating PPP with LVC when procuring URTs? We use a structured-case method to build, test, and revise a series of conceptual frameworks from the experiences of cities (i.e., Guangzhou, Guiyang, and Wuhan). The contributions of this research are threefold as it: (1) provides a state-of-the-art examination of PPP and LVC practice; (2) develops a convergent framework that takes into consideration the context and sub-contexts of PPP and LVC used to procure URTs; and (3) presents the public sector with a frame of reference that can be drawn upon to realise the benefits of integrating PPPs with LVC.

Knowledge Level of Rural Dwellers on Sustainable Utilization of Forest Resources in Peri Urban Local Government Areas of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Forest resources have been a major source of income for a sizeable number of the populace especially in the rural areas. This study therefore investigated the knowledge levels of rural dwellers on sustainable utilization of forest resources in Peri Urban Local Government Areas of Ibadan, Oyo State in which Oluyole and Akinyele Local Governments were purposively chosen. Using a multi-stage sampling procedure, 200 respondents were randomly sampled from the Study Area and data were collected using a structured questionnaire on their personal characteristics, knowledge level, accessibility and constraints faced in sustainable utilization of forest resources. Majority of the respondent 68.4% were males, had secondary education (34.7%). All the respondents (100%) were involved in forest resources utilization; majority (63.3%) sourced their information from forest workers. The high cost of forest resources (40.8%) ranked as the highest constraint faced in the utilization of forest resources. Significant relationship (x2=15.76; p≤0.05) existed between household size and the knowledge level of respondents on forest resources utilization. Also, there was a significant relationship (r=-0.712, p= 0.000) between knowledge level and constraints associated with sustainable utilization of forest resources. The paper therefore recommends the use of public-private partnerships in creating awareness on sustainable utilization of forest resources.

Use of public-private partnerships for revitalization initiatives in Poland

Revitalization is essential for sustainable development, having a direct effect on the socio-economic growth of regions. Given the increasing need for sustainable urban solutions, Poland has identified revitalization as a primary approach. This article focuses on the role of public-private partnerships in Poland’s revitalization efforts, providing a detailed review of relevant regulations, in combination with the analysis of a pilot project in the Granary Island in Gdańsk. The study highlights the benefits of PPPs – such as resource optimization and the inclusion of private sector expertise, as well as the challenges faced in PPP-driven revitalization. The research aims to give a clear understanding of the current state of PPPs in Poland’s revitalization development, offering insights for future initiatives.

Public-private Partnership in the Utility and Energy Sector: Achieved Results, Problems and Challenges

The inefficiency of the functioning of the utility and energy sector of Russia, accompanied by limited funds of the state (municipal) budget, actualizes the issues of the use of public-private partnership (hereinafter - PPP) in this area. The purpose of the article is to study the Russian practice of using PPP in the utility and energy sector in the context of evaluating the results achieved, identifying current problems and challenges. The methodological basis of the study was the basic provisions of the dialectical method of cognition. The author defines and systematizes the achieved results of the use of PPP in the utility and energy sector of Russia, starting in 2016 and up to the present. This made it possible to identify problems and challenges related to this process of a legal, organizational, economic, financial, industrial and informational nature. The materials of the conducted research can be used in the development and decision-making to ensure the effective development of the utility and energy sector on the basis of PPP.

Evolution of the concept of public-private partnership in the 1980-2020

The evolution of changes in the concept of public-private partnership is very relevant in today's world. The growth of global problems, such as financial crises, climate change, social imbalances and economic transformations, creates a need for new strategies and concepts of cooperation between different sectors of society. Public-private partnerships are a key mechanism to address these challenges, as they provide mechanisms for cooperation between public and private actors to achieve common goals. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the evolutionary changes of the concept of public-private partnership. Using bibliographic analysis and visualization of data from the Web of Science based on VOSviewer, ten research clusters were identified and analyzed, which reflect various topics and their interrelationships, contributing to the systematization of changes in the concept of public-private partnerships. Phases of the evolutionary transformation of the public-private partnership concept: Public-Private Partnership 1.0. Traditional Public-Private Partnership; Public-Private Partnership 2.0. People-first Public-Private Partnership; Public-Private Partnership 3.0. Climate-smart Public-Private Partnership; Public-Private Partnership 4.0. Sustainable public-private partnership for post-war reconstruction. It was determined that in the use of public-private partnership in industry, a change in the role of this sphere is observed. In the «Traditional Public-Private Partnership» industry has a key role in infrastructure construction, providing materials and advanced technologies for infrastructure projects; «People-first Public-Private Partnership» - ensuring quality medical care and improving the health care system; «Climate-smart public-private partnership» - reducing the impact of climate change on production through investments in environmentally friendly technologies and ensuring sustainability of food supplies; «Sustainable public-private partnership for post-war reconstruction» - post-war reconstruction, providing the necessary materials and resources for the construction and reconstruction of infrastructure. Also, during the COVID-19 pandemic, industry, particularly pharmaceuticals, is working with government and other sectors to develop new treatments and vaccines. These joint efforts help overcome crises and improve living conditions in affected areas. It was revealed that the concept of public-private partnership is insufficiently developed in Ukraine. «Traditional public-private partnership», despite 20 years of implementation, did not receive active implementation of infrastructure projects. «People-first Public-Private Partnership» is just beginning its development. It is noted that the «Sustainable public-private partnership for post-war reconstruction» is updated for post-war conditions, as it contributes to attracting international resources for economic and social recovery, but requires a systematic approach and adaptation to the specifics of the Ukrainian situation. The implementation of PPP in Ukraine requires systematic recommendations and consideration of international experience for effective use in the restoration and reconstruction of infrastructure and strategic objects.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ РОЗВИТКУ ЦИРКУЛЯРНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ТА ЇЇ СТАЛОГО ФІНАНСУВАННЯ В ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОМУ СОЮЗІ

Institutional and financial instruments for regulating the development of the circular economy in the EU are studied. The Sustainable Development Goals are defined as the basis of the New European Consensus on Development. Based on a thorough analysis of the EU regulatory and normative framework, the lack of unified approach to the interpretation of the circular economy and its characteristic features, as well as the principles of circularity of economic activities, is established. The potential of the circular economy in acquiring the features of competitiveness by EU member states is characterized. It is proposed to define the circular transition as a dynamic process of realizing a set of intentions to change the essence and forms of business models implementation so as to adjust the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of growth and development models, which is accompanied by the formation of alternative mechanisms for the implementation of economic relations on the principles of circularity. It is found that the development of the circular economy is facilitated by the active use of public-private partnership and green procurement, which involves the introduction of requirements for the environmental characteristics of goods, works and services, as well as new methods of assessing the cost of their life cycle. The role of the circular economy in the European Green Deal goal-setting is analyzed and investment tools for building a climate-neutral economy in the EU are identified. The transformative role of transitions in EU policy, which include adaptive management of changes in the strategizing of socio-economic development, is singled out. The contribution of the EU Taxonomy for Sustainable Activities to the accumulation of financial resources, which are directed to support the development of the circular economy, is assessed. It is established that the EU Cohesion Policy can be used to manage the circular transition if its implementation is ensured by the early implementation of institutional, legislative and political rules and procedures that will enable the financing of transition processes in the EU. The lack of programs for financing circular transition in Ukraine should be taken into account when developing programs for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, which will take place on sustainable development principles.

TURIZM XAVFSIZLIGINI TA’MINLOVCHI HUQUQIY HUJJATLAR TAHLILI VA TASNIFI

Ecology and environmental protection is an important task all over the world, especially in Uzbekistan. One of the most important issues of recent years is the attraction of private investment in solving the environmental problems of Uzbekistan. For this, the use of public-private partnership mechanisms is considered as the most promising tool in the world. In turn, the effective use of this institution in the field of environmental protection largely depends on the effectiveness of its legal regulation. At the same time, the current norms of the legislation of Uzbekistan do not yet meet this condition. Because there is no special rule governing public-private partnerships in the field of ecology. Also, the current legal documents contain norms that restrict the use for one reason or another for environmental purposes. To determine the optimal model of legal regulation of public-private partnership in the field of environmental protection in the Republic of Uzbekistan, it is first necessary to study the experience of such legal regulation in foreign countries. This article is devoted to the study of this issue. The article analyzes the opinions of scientists and the experience of foreign countries regarding the use of public-private partnerships in the field of ecology. Based on the results of the study, the author concluded that the use of public-private partnerships in this area will save the state budget, introduce an effective management system in the field, and improve the quality of services provided.

OʻZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI EKOLOGIYA SOHASIDAGI DAVLAT BOSHQARUVIDA DAVLAT-XUSUSIY SHERIKLIKNI QOʻLLASHNING AYRIM MASALALARI

Ecology and environmental protection is an important task all over the world, especially in Uzbekistan. One of the most important issues of recent years is the attraction of private investment in solving the environmental problems of Uzbekistan. For this, the use of public-private partnership mechanisms is considered as the most promising tool in the world. In turn, the effective use of this institution in the field of environmental protection largely depends on the effectiveness of its legal regulation. At the same time, the current norms of the legislation of Uzbekistan do not yet meet this condition. Because there is no special rule governing public-private partnerships in the field of ecology. Also, the current legal documents contain norms that restrict the use for one reason or another for environmental purposes. To determine the optimal model of legal regulation of public-private partnership in the field of environmental protection in the Republic of Uzbekistan, it is first necessary to study the experience of such legal regulation in foreign countries. This article is devoted to the study of this issue. The article analyzes the opinions of scientists and the experience of foreign countries regarding the use of public-private partnerships in the field of ecology. Based on the results of the study, the author concluded that the use of public-private partnerships in this area will save the state budget, introduce an effective management system in the field, and improve the quality of services provided.

INVESTMENT COMPONENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS OF UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the problems of the development of rural areas, the result of which is a sociological survey of rural residents. Rural communities are faced with insufficient funding for the development of territories, lack of investment, which prevents the modernization and development of infrastructure, the introduction of innovations in the rural economy. A favorable investment climate is decisive in increasing the attraction of investments in the country's economy, including in the development of rural areas. An analysis of direct foreign investments in the economy of Ukraine was carried out. The effectiveness of community management is determined by the effectiveness of the developed strategy for the development of rural territories, which is based on the use of the territory's potential with the state support of residents' initiatives and the active participation of local governments in creating incentives for balanced economic and social development of regions. On the base of the analysis of the problems of rural areas, ways of their development are proposed, one of which is the formation of an effective strategy aimed at the implementation of projects and the introduction of innovations using the financial and economic potential of the specific rural area. It was determined that the formed own strategy should be individual and special, since it is based on taking into account the priority interests and needs of a certain territorial community and using the economic potential of the rural area. The stages of developing a development strategy and evaluating the effectiveness of rural territorial communities are detailed An analysis of the world experience regarding the use of financial instruments for the stimulation and development of rural territorial communities in the regional system of the member states of the European Union was carried out. The main advantages of using financial tools for the development of communities and rural areas in Ukraine are given. Conclusions were made that the effectiveness of the state policy of supporting the development of rural areas will be evidenced by the activation of entrepreneurship in the countryside, the expansion of opportunities for self-realization of rural residents, including internally displaced persons, ensuring the financial capacity of communities, especially thanks to the activation of investment attraction. The use of public-private partnership (PPP) as an innovative financial instrument in the system of local self-government is proposed, which will contribute to meeting the needs of rural territorial communities through the attraction of additional financial resources for the development of infrastructure facilities in the rural area with simultaneous control over them.

Rethinking the boundaries of public administration: a conceptual exploration

This conceptual paper attempts to demonstrate its strength by first accepting that the (p)ublic (a)dministration's loci-foci is within the jurisdiction of the executive branch amongst the two remaining branches of government, namely, the Legislature and the Judiciary. In the executive, the administration of the state is observed. Secondly, this paper argues that while p. a. may be with the executive arm, there is however its place beyond just the said administration of the executive arm. This paper employs the use of public-private partnerships that emanated from the New Public Management Paradigm as well as monitoring and evaluation theory and practice in the public sector to argue its assertion that public administration is being practiced beyond the executive branch. The development programs and projects initiated by the government and handed to the service providers need to be monitored and evaluated to ensure value for money and meet public expectations. As a result, the expectation of quality service from the service provider should be the norm of the day. It is therefore, through the cooperative trajectory between the government and the private sector, that this paper proposes that public administration can be associated with the executive branch but not necessarily limited to the said branch of government. This paper employed desktop research and the existing relevant literature to support its argument and contribution to the discipline of public administration.

СМАРТ-СІТІ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ЛЮДИНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

The features of developing a smart city in war conditions are studied. In conditions of danger, the developed infrastructure of the city can help its residents, which is what the “smart city” is focused on in its human-centric approach. The international experience of ensuring the safety and resource-saving of a smart city in emergencies has been studied: initiatives to combine technologies and people; creation of “green” and “smart” construction laboratories; energy resource management system; methods for incorporating technical and social development into improving the quality of life; robotic systems that help to properly use resources in the event of a threat. The role of a smart city in ensuring a person’s social security in the context of a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine and the features of cooperation between the private and public sectors when launching smart city initiatives is analyzed. The place of small and medium-sized businesses in the provision of services in the first months of the war was found: providing the population with food and medicine, free travel on some routes, free Internet services in shelters, which helped people receive timely notifications and stay in touch with their relatives. We concluded that projects that increase the safety of citizens and provide equipment for shelters or their modernization, as well as energy-saving measures, are extremely important in a war. Therefore, ways to balance between human social security and smart city resource saving in times of war include the following: the use of public-private partnership (when private capital is attracted, part of the budget funds is released and can be directed to the implementation of other strategic and important projects in smart cities), providing benefits to projects to improve human security and energy conservation due to damage to energy infrastructure facilities, as well as social projects aimed at improving living conditions and social adaptation of people.

Rusatom Overseas JSC, Moscow, Russian Federation

The article made a comparative analysis of scientific research carried out in recent years in the field of management of the development of the transport complex in Russia. A grouping of scientific works by different authors in the areas was carried out, as well as proposals for the further development of scientific research were given. Based on the completed research, an attempt was made to build the structure of the research carried out by scientists into a single system to form a global concept for managing the development of inland water transport of the Russian Federation. It was noted that the greatest interest for scientists in river transport is the areas of cost optimization and efficiency improvement, improvement of state regulation mechanisms and public-private partnership, integrated development of the transport industry and the formation of a support network of combined cargo terminals. The least developed issues are indicated at the moment, namely: improvement of regulatory support and regulation of port activities, tariff policy and taxation for the development of water transport hubs, the use of public-private partnership, management of sustainable development of the transport industry in general and enterprises in particular, building an effective internal control system at inland water transport enterprises.

On the use of public-private partnership in new regions of the Russian Federation

On the use of public-private partnership in new regions of the Russian Federation

PRINCIPLES OF REGULATION OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The improvement and justification of recommendations for improving PPP mechanisms in the agro-industrial complex is dictated by their relevance and practical significance, which allow expanding the resource base of agricultural production on terms of mutual benefit for the state and business. The problems of using public-private partnership in the field of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan are analyzed. The purpose of the study is to determine the criteria for assessing the impact of economic factors on environmental components, in particular on the atmosphere, hydrosphere and land resources. The methods of economic analysis, comparison, synthesis, decomposition were used for a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of the enterprise in the production of agricultural products: an assessment of the impact of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex on the environment was carried out. The main directions that have significant potential for promising PPP programs are also identified: the production of organic products in the crop and livestock industries; increasing the volume of meat products and milk; the development of a greenhouse economy specializing not only in growing vegetables, but also in floriculture. Based on the analysis, a SWOT analysis of the use of public-private partnership in agricultural production is indicated, its strengths and opportunities, weaknesses and threats are shown, and according to the results of the study, conceptual directions for the development of the PPP institute in the agro-industrial complex of the republic are highlighted.

Baltimore City Health Department's Use of Public-Private Partnerships to Create a Continuum of COVID-19 Services for Special Populations.

The Baltimore City Health Department (BCHD) has developed a COVID-19 continuum of services to protect special populations at high risk of COVID-19 made possible through inter-agency and public-private partnerships. We present descriptions of each element along with descriptive data. Lessons are discussed to inform future public health frameworks.

A scientometric review of public-private partnership in critical infrastructure resilience

Critical infrastructure resilience requires disintegrating traditional silos of stakeholders to form collaborative network such as a public-private partnership. Critical infrastructure resilience is mostly influenced by the relationship between public (government institutions/agencies) and private sector (private institutions/agencies). Public-private partnership is recognized as a medium to build the resilience of critical infrastructure. In this study, a scientometric review was conducted using VOSviewer and Gephi to identify the publication trend and gaps in the public-private partnership in critical infrastructure resilience research domain. A total of 87 publications were retrieved from a literature search on Scopus. It was identified that more studies have acknowledged the use of public-private partnership to build critical infrastructure resilience. However, majority of the public-private partnership in critical infrastructure resilience research papers were on cyber security. Some of the gaps identified included, limited studies on the responsibilities of the public sectors and private sectors in CIR, risks in using public-private partnership to build critical infrastructure resilience, the structure of PPP in CIR in different infrastructure sectors, and critical resilience strategies applicable to a public-private partnership in building critical infrastructure resilience. The outcome of this research will be beneficial to researchers where the gaps identified can be explored for further studies.

The impact of local government fiscal gaps on public-private partnerships: government demand and private sector risk aversion

While government fiscal gap is traditionally considered a demand factor for the use of public-private partnerships (PPPs) to deliver public services, a high level of fiscal gap may signal elevated financial risks to private partners and deter them from entering into PPP agreements. A causal mediation analytic framework is used to delineate the two distinct causal pathways. We develop a conceptual model and test derived hypotheses with data of Chinese prefecture-level cities during 2015–2017. The findings suggest that government fiscal gap has a positive impact on PPP adoption, through the mediating role of the debt position. The fiscal gap, as a risk factor, is negatively associated with PPP participation. Risk aversion of the private sector manifests more conspicuously as smaller PPP investment amounts than as a lower likelihood of PPP participation. The adverse effects of the fiscal gap associated with financial risks may entirely offset any positive impact.

The impact of economic and political imperatives on the successful use of public-private partnership (PPP) in projects

This study presents empirical research examining how economic and political imperatives impact prospects for successful use of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) to deliver projects in Saudi Arabia. A conceptual model and several hypotheses are developed. A questionnaire survey obtains data from two hundred and fifty-seven (257) project management practitioners involved in projects being procured using PPP within Saudi Arabia. Data is analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The conclusion is that economic, but not political imperatives moderate the relationship between Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and PPP project success in Saudi Arabia. To an extent, these findings offer a risk-focussed typology for exploring conditions for PPP project success.

IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE TOURISM POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

The article updates the issue of the need to improve the state tourism policy using tools of regional development and public-private partnership. The authors emphasized that the post-war recovery of Ukraine should involve the use of internal reserves and opportunities to restore Ukraine’s economic potential, among which the tourism industry should occupy a leading place. It was emphasized that the field of tourism in Ukraine has significant unrealized potential, and under the condition of the development and implementation of an effective state tourism policy in combination with the use of regional development tools, the tourism industry can become a powerful basis for the economic recovery of both regions and the national economy as a whole. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of state tourism policy in Ukraine in the context of the use of regional development tools, as well as the specifics of the use of public-private partnership as a mechanism for implementing a new state policy in the field of tourism. The study stated that the transformations in the system of public administration and regulation, which were aimed at increasing the level of decentralization of public administration and the domestic economy, contribute to the use of public-private partnership tools in the field of tourism. The ultimate goal of decentralization was, first of all, to ensure the ability of local communities to independently, at the expense of their own resources, solve issues of local importance. It is about providing territorial communities with greater resources and mobilizing their internal reserves, namely: implemented changes have expanded the financial capabilities of local self-government and made it possible to make the new united communities economically self-sufficient and capable. Fiscal decentralization in combination with other modern instruments of state support creates conditions for a wide budget space for the implementation of local initiatives, and a key place in this system of relationships should be occupied by public-private partnership. The authors proposed the distribution of interests and areas of responsibility of the participants in the system of public-private partnership relations in the field of tourism.

The experience of public-private partnership in Kazakhstan: modern approaches

The goal is to identify the features of public-private partnership (PPP) as an effective tool for solving the problems of economic, social and environmental development of various sectors of AIC of the republic, including grain product subcomplex. Research methods – analytical, allowing to study the processes of strengthening the PPP mechanism, increasing the efficiency of public support, which had a positive impact on growth in cost of gross crop production, new approaches to the relationship between the state and rural producers; observation and selection of facts, establishing links between them; and synthesis. Results – the prerequisites and incentives for expanding public-private partnerships are considered; industry specifics and national peculiarities of using this tool are shown; priority areas and risks of using PPP projects are identified, taking into account the experience of foreign countries; factors and conditions that ensure effective solutions to socially significant tasks of agricultural sector and stability of development of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan based on the implementation of the parity of national interests and private entrepreneurs are substantiated. Conclusions – based on the analysis of a representative information base, the authors state that in order to maintain positive trends in the growth of innovative sectoral structures that ensure the country's food security, it is necessary to improve existing ones and develop new forms of interaction between the State and representatives of agribusiness, including replacement of the system of subsidizing agricultural entities which is not always effective with their indirect support, with an emphasis on the most promising areas of PPP, more rational use of available resources and attracting private investment. One of the motives for the use of public-private partnership in agro-industrial production is the need to introduce advanced technologies, the lack of own resources.