Use Of Protective Equipment Research Articles

The Relationship Between Nurses' Attitudes and Motivation with Compliance The Use of Personal Protective Equipment at RSUD Ngimbang Lamongan

Nurses in providing nursing care to patients must refer to the SOP that has been implemented by the hospital, including adherence to the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in treating patients with a positive attitude and high motivation. It is expected that a nurse has good behavior in using PPE. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between attitude and motivation for using personal protective equipment (PPE) at Ngimbangs Hospital. This study used a correlational analytic design with the cross-sectional method and used a random sampling technique to obtain 88 respondents. Research data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of a nurse’s attitude questionnaire, motivation scale, and compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) questionnaire. All questionnaires were declared valid and reliable. The results showed a positive attitude with high adherence of 46 nurses (53.3%). The data were analyzed using the Spearman rho test and obtained a value of p= 0.000 and a value of 0,516, meaning that there is a relationship between attitudes and adherence to the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Ngimbang Hospital. The result showed the nurses who had high motivation and high compliance were 46 nurses (52.3%). The research data were analyzed using the Spearman rho test and obtained a value of p= 0.000 and a value of 0,508, maintaining the health and comfort of nurses in any type of work environment, especially in a hospital.

Thermal and functional condition of microbiological laboratory workers when using personal protective equipment against biological factors

Introduction. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) against pathogenic biological agents (PBA) by medical workers in microbiological laboratories is a mandatory requirement for infectious safety, however, low or absent air and vapor permeability of these PPE and their elements can contribute to disruption of the functional and thermal state. The aim of the study is a physiological and hygienic assessment of PPE against pathogenic pathogens based on indicators of the thermal state of the body when modeling the professional activities of microbiological laboratory workers. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the laboratory of personal protective equipment and industrial exoskeletons of Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health on 12 practically healthy individuals — male and female medical workers while simulating work activities and sanitary and epidemiological requirements for a microbiological laboratory. Results. The values of skin and body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation levels obtained in the dynamics of the study made it possible to determine the degree of stress in the thermal and functional state of the body of medical workers. The indicators obtained during the experiment were assessed in accordance with current regulatory documents. A number of thermal state indicators obtained during the study had statistically significant differences from their initial values at p<0.05. Conclusions. When using personal protective equipment against pathogenic pathogens under comfortable microclimatic conditions, an increase in some criterion indicators of the examined individuals was noted, in particular to the upper limit of permissible values of thermal state, which indicates the leading influence of PPE on the thermoregulation of the body and necessitates a reduction in the process of production activities and requires limiting the maximum duration of a work shift under given conditions is three hours, followed by a break to restore the thermal state and water-salt balance. Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with ethical principles and norms, an extract from the minutes of the meeting of the local ethics committee No. 9 dated 11/23/2022 was obtained.

Chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) analysis of the use of safety goggles and face masks as personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect against occupational biohazards

BackgroundThis study represents the first Spanish investigation to rigorously evaluate compliance with the use of safety goggles and face masks as essential personal protective equipment (PPE) in companies with workplaces involving exposure to biological agents. ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the degree of use of face masks and safety goggles as personal protective equipment (PPE), the factors that influence their use, and the profile of workers exposed to occupational biological agents in Spanish companies in the health sector, farming sector, meat industry, waste treatment plants, food industry, and veterinary centers. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 590 Spanish workers from 51 companies. We developed a 34-item questionnaire to assess workers’ perception of risk related to exposure to biological agents in their workplaces. Among the questions, three were designed to measure the degree of use of key protective equipment in sectors with biological agent exposure: protective gloves, safety goggles or face masks. We only analyzed safety goggles and face masks. We performed various statistical analyses, including Cronbach’s alpha, frequency of endorsement, content validity ratio using Lawshe’s method, varimax rotation, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test, and Bartlett’s sphericity test, to assess the internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire. Additionally, we employed a chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) segmentation analysis, using workers’ responses regarding their attitudes toward safety goggles and face mask usage as PPE for protection against biological risks, with demographic variables as independent factors. ResultsIn the current study, CHAID analysis revealed that workers exposed to group 2 biological agents used more safety goggles and face shields compared with workers exposed to other groups of biological agents. Moreover, workers in laboratories and the food industry used face masks more than workers of other sectors. ConclusionThe CHAID analysis in the current study indicated that workers exposed to biological agents from both group 2 and group 3 demonstrated satisfactory levels of compliance and utilization of protective masks, surpassing their counterparts in terms of usage. Workers in the food and laboratory industries had subpar compliance with preventive measures, and employees from companies with internal health and safety departments exhibited significant adherence to workplace mask usage, safeguarding themselves against biological risks.

Controlling COVID-19 outbreaks in the correctional setting: A mathematical modelling study.

Correctional centres (termed here 'prisons') are at high risk of COVID-19 and have featured major outbreaks worldwide. Inevitable close contacts, frequent inmate movements, and a disproportionate burden of co-morbidities mean these environments need to be prioritised in any public health response to respiratory pathogens such as COVID-19. We developed an individual-based SARS-CoV-2 transmission model for the prison system in New South Wales, Australia - incorporating all 33 correctional centres, 13,458 inmates, 578 healthcare and 6,909 custodial staff. Potential COVID-19 disease outbreaks were assessed under various mitigation strategies, including quarantine on entry, isolation of cases, rapid antigen testing of staff, as well as immunisation.Without control measures, the model projected a peak of 472 new infections daily by day 35 across the prison system, with all inmates infected by day 120. The most effective individual mitigation strategies were high immunisation coverage and prompt lockdown of centres with infected inmates which reduced outbreak size by 62-73%. Other than immunisation, the combination of quarantine of inmates at entry, isolation of proven or suspected cases, and widespread use of personal protective equipment by staff and inmates was the most effective strategy. High immunisation coverage mitigates the spread of COVID-19 within and between correctional settings but is insufficient alone. Maintaining quarantine and isolation, along with high immunisation levels, will allow correctional systems to function with a low risk of outbreaks. These results have informed public health policy for respiratory pathogens in Australian correctional systems.

Assessment of subjective well-being of healthcare workers in response to heat and personal protective equipment under controlled conditions using a standardized protocol

BackgroundDue to climate change, the increasing frequency of hot summer days and heat waves can result in occupational heat strain, especially in non-air-conditioned workplaces. Healthcare workers (HCW) engaged in patient care are particularly affected, as they are additionally exposed to physical stress. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) can aggravate heat strain in HCW. This study aimed to examine the subjective well-being of HCW when exposed to heat and PPE under controlled conditions.MethodsThis study was designed as a randomized crossover trial. Participants performed standardized healthcare tasks in a climatic chamber for approximately 3.5 h at different indoor temperatures (22 °C and 27 °C) and varied working conditions (with or without PPE). The effects on participants’ subjective well-being, encompassing thermal, physiological and psychological stress were assessed using a customized questionnaire.ResultsHeat had a greater effect than PPE on thermal, physical and psychological stress. Conversely, PPE had a greater effect on physical demand and effort. For the majority of outcomes, combined exposure to heat and PPE resulted in the highest perceived discomfort. Furthermore, the participants reported increased sweating and other discomforts when working at elevated temperatures or with PPE.ConclusionsIn this study, heat and PPE, but particularly the combination of both factors, were identified as unfavorable working environments. Although the trials were conducted in a controlled environment, the outcomes provide valuable information about the effect of heat and PPE on HCW in a real-life setting. Furthermore, the design used in this study can be beneficial in evaluating the effect of mitigation strategies.

Health Profile of Workers at Gas Station X Maulafa District Kupang City

Gas stations are areas that operate in the petroleum sector where repeated exposure to the products produced (butane, pentane, isopentane, benzene, alkylbenzene, toluene, and xylene) can have an impact in the form of health problems. The individuals with the greatest exposure to gas station products are the workers. According to data, during the period from 2016 to 2018 there were 120 cases of work accidents around gas stations. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and training regarding the prevention for the worker and management of accidents and illnesses resulting from working at gas stations are important in ensuring worker safety. According to research that has been conducted, it was found that the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is still very low among Gas Station X workers, Maulafa District, Kupang City. Training and equipment that support Occupational Safety and Health programs are also not available to the majority of workers. This is the cause of health problems among Gas Station X workers, Maulafa District, Kupang City. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach and involved 12 respondents. This study data collection techniques by interview dan physical examination directly to the samples at Gas Station X Maulafa District, Kupang City. Result: Based on the research results, it was found that the majority of Gas Station The health problems found were Peripheral Vertigo (16%), Tension Type Headache (TTH) (8%), Allergic Rhinitis (8%) and Irritant Contact Dermatitis (8%). Conclusion: An occupational risk factor that can affect the occupational safety and health of employees at GAS STATION X is exposure to fuel oil which contains volatile substances. It was found that 4 out of 12 workers at the gas station in Maulafa District, Kupang City experienced health problems, the health problems they experienced were Peripheral Vertigo, Tension Type Headache, Allergic Rhinitis and Irritant ...........

Relationship between Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Use Behavior and Working Period with Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) Symptoms in Workers at Mabar Shrimp Factory

Background. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is one of the most common occupational skin diseases after irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). One of the factors causing ACD is not using personal protective equipment (PPE) and a long working period. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between PPE use behavior and working period with ACD symptoms in workers at the Mabar shrimp factory, Medan. Method. Cross-sectional research with a consecutive sampling method. Assessment of PPE use behavior and working period used a questionnaire and ACD symptoms by a doctor. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square. Results. The total number of samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study was 100 people, 28 people had symptoms of ACD, enough knowledge, good attitudes, and unfavorable actions with a working period of >2 years. Statistical analysis showed a relationship between PPE use behavior and working period with ACD symptoms. Conclusion. All behavioral factors (knowledge, attitude, and action) and working period have a significant relationship with ACD symptoms

Factors Affecting Nurses’ Use of Personal Protective Equipment During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: A critical preventive measure during the rapid global spread of COVID-19 was the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by healthcare professionals, especially nurses. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the factors that influenced nurses' use of PPE during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 and 2022. A convenience sample of 423 nurses was selected from those working in teaching hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software version 26. Descriptive statistical tests, such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used to analyze the data. Additionally, inferential tests such as the independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: Females constituted 70.20% of the sample. The means and standard deviations for individual and organizational factors were 3.41 ± 0.65 and 3.64 ± 0.83, respectively. The relationships between gender and individual factors, as well as education and organizational factors, were found to be statistically significant. There was also a statistically significant relationship between departments and both individual and organizational factors, and between marital status and organizational factors (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Organizational factors, including the provision of adequate PPE, were the most significant contributors to nurses' use of PPE. Conversely, the non-use of PPE was partly influenced by physical complications, such as skin issues, associated with PPE usage. Managers and policymakers can use the results of this study as a guide for future policy and decision-making to reduce or eliminate the factors inhibiting and to strengthen the factors contributing to the proper use of PPE.

Qualitative Study to Explore the Occupational and Reproductive Health Challenges among Women Tobacco Farm Laborers in Mysore District, India.

Tobacco farm laborers are primarily women and children working for very low wages. The aim of this study was to explore occupational and reproductive health challenges faced by women tobacco farm laborers in Mysore District, India. We conducted interviews and six focus group discussions among 41 women tobacco farm laborers. Codes and themes were generated based on deductive and inductive approaches using the socioecological model. Participants reported symptoms of green tobacco sickness including headaches, back pain, gastric problems, weakness, and allergies during menstruation, pre-natal, and post-natal periods. Participants had poor awareness about the health effects of tobacco farming, and there were gender inequalities in wages and the use of personal protective equipment. Participants received support from family and community health workers during their pregnancy and post-natal period. Women reported wanting maternity benefits from the tobacco board, as well as monetary support and nutritional supplements. There is a need for health education about the environmental dangers of tobacco among farm laborers, and more supportive policies for women farmworkers during pregnancy and post-natal periods.

Factors influencing uptake of protective behaviours by healthcare workers in England during the COVID-19 pandemic: A theory-based mixed-methods study.

Hospital infection control policies protect patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) and limit the spread of pathogens, but adherence to COVID-19 guidance varies. We examined hospital HCWs' enactment of social distancing and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, factors influencing these behaviours, and acceptability and feasibility of strategies to increase social distancing. An online, cross-sectional survey (n = 86) and semi-structured interviews (n = 22) with HCWs in two English hospitals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (May-December 2020). The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation (COM-B) model of behaviour change underpinned survey and topic guide questions. Spearman Rho correlations examined associations between COM-B domains and behaviours. Interviews were analysed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Potential strategies to improve social distancing were selected using the Behaviour Change Wheel and discussed in a stakeholder workshop (n = 8 participants). Social distancing enactment was low, with 85% of participants reporting very frequently or always being in close contact with others in communal areas. PPE use was high (88% very frequently or always using PPE in typical working day). Social distancing was associated with Physical Opportunity (e.g., size of physical space), Psychological Capability (e.g., clarity of guidance), and Social Opportunity (e.g., support from managers). Use of PPE was associated with Psychological Capability (e.g., training), Physical Opportunity (e.g., availability), Social Opportunity (e.g., impact on interactions with patients), and Reflective Motivation (e.g., beliefs that PPE is effective). Local champions and team competition were viewed as feasible strategies to improve social distancing. It is valuable to understand and compare the drivers of individual protective behaviours; when faced with the same level of perceived threat, PPE use was high whereas social distancing was rarely enacted. Identified influences represent targets for intervention strategies in response to future infectious disease outbreaks.

Evaluating and Enhancing an Educational Intervention to Reduce Smallholder Farmers' Exposure to Pesticides in Uganda Through a Digital, Systematic Approach to Behavior Change: Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Smallholder farmers receive educational interventions on safe pesticide handling by governmental agencies, industries, or nongovernmental organizations to reduce exposure risks. However, existing educational interventions have limited effects on changing behaviors. Targeting psychosocial determinants of behavior change in educational interventions through theory- and evidence-based approaches may enhance their effectiveness. We aim at describing the intervention development and study design of a 3-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess the effects in improving safe pesticide handling and reducing pesticide exposure of (1) an existing educational intervention and (2) a newly developed SMS text messaging intervention based on the Risks, Attitudes, Norms, Abilities, and Self-regulation (RANAS) behavior change approach. We enrolled 539 Ugandan smallholder farmers in 12 clusters (subcounties). The clusters, each with 45 farmers, were randomly allocated to one of the three arms: (1) educational intervention, (2) educational intervention+RANAS-based SMS text messages, or (3) control group. The educational intervention comprised a 2-day workshop that targeted multiple aspects of safe pesticide handling, whereas the SMS text messages targeted the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and were based on the RANAS approach. For intervention development in this study, this approach includes identifying psychosocial determinants of PPE use at baseline and selecting behavior change techniques to target them in SMS text messages. The primary outcomes of the study are (1) pesticide knowledge, attitude, and practice scores indicating performance throughout the educational intervention; and (2) frequency of PPE use. Secondary outcomes are the RANAS-based behavioral determinants of PPE use, the frequency of glove use, algorithm-based pesticide exposure intensity scores, and signs and symptoms of pesticide poisoning. The outcomes were assessed in structured interviews before the intervention (baseline) and at the 12-month follow-up. The effect of the interventions among the arms will be analyzed using the intervention arms and baseline measures as predictors and the follow-up measures as outcomes in linear multivariable mixed models including the clusters as random effects. The mediating psychosocial determinants of the interventions will be assessed in multiple mediation models. The study was conducted from 2020 to 2021-baseline interviews were conducted in October 2020, and the educational intervention was delivered in November 2020. The RANAS-based SMS text messages were developed based on the baseline data for relevant behavioral determinants of PPE use and sent between February 2021 and September 2021. Follow-up interviews were conducted in October 2021. Overall, 539 farmers were enrolled in the study at baseline; 8.3% (45/539) were lost to follow-up by the end of the study. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness and behavior change mechanisms of educational interventions by using an experimental, cluster-randomized study design to improve pesticide handling among smallholder farmers. International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 18237656; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN18237656. DERR1-10.2196/55238.

IoT Based Smart Helmet for Industry Rutuja Kokate

The safety and well-being of industrial workers has become a primary concern for organizations worldwide. One of the critical aspects of industrial safety is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), including helmets. This project proposes the development of an IoT-based smart helmet designed to enhance the safety and efficiency of industrial workers. The smart helmet integrates multiple sensors, such as temperature, humidity, motion, and gas sensors, to monitor the worker's environment in real-time. These sensors gather data on potential hazards like extreme temperatures, toxic gases, or sudden impacts. The helmet also includes a communication system that enables seamless interaction with control centers or other team members. The mining industry, a vital contributor to global economic growth and infrastructure development, grapples with inherent safety challenges posed by hazardous environments and unpredictable events. In response to these concerns, this abstract introduces the "Smart Helmet for Air Quality and Hazardous Event Detection" – a groundbreaking technology tailored specifically for mining. This advanced helmet integrates sensors like the MQ3 gas sensor, temperature and humidity sensors, LED lights with automatic controls, and a GPS module. Real-time data from these sensors are transmitted to an IoT platform, enabling continuous monitoring and immediate alerts. Traditional safety measures, including personal protective equipment and periodic monitoring, fall short in addressing the dynamic conditions of mining environments. The Smart Helmet offers a comprehensive solution by providing continuous air quality and environmental monitoring, coupled with automatic lighting and location tracking. This innovation marks a paradigm shift in mining safety, addressing the urgent need for proactive measures to safeguard the well-being of miners in the face of persistent safety challenges. Key Words: Safety, Sensors, IoT, Smart Helmet, Air quality monitoring

Leveraging YOLO Models for Safety Equipment Detection on Construction Sites

Occupational safety encompasses a range of practices adopted to protect the health and safety of employees. In the construction and industrial sectors, employees may be exposed to various risks such as falls, impacts, temperature changes and the effects of chemical substances. For this reason, personal protective equipment (PPE) is an important element for protecting employees against risks. The effective use of equipment such as a hardhat, mask, and vest makes an important contribution to the prevention of occupational accidents and health problems by ensuring the safety of employees. This study conducted three separate experiments investigating the potential of deep learning methods on occupational safety. In the first experiment, the YOLOv5n and YOLOv8n models were trained on the same data set with ten classes, and their performance was compared. In the second experiment, the YOLOv8n model was trained on a 2-class dataset to examine how the number of classes affected the model's performance. As a result of the experiments, it was seen that it emphasized the potential of deep learning and object detection methods to quickly and effectively monitor and evaluate the use of personal protective equipment.

Factors associated with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in palm oil harvester workers at PT. X

Factors associated with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in palm oil harvester workers at PT. X

Nudging intensive care unit personnel towards sustainable behaviour.

The health care sector is among the most carbon-intensive sectors, contributing to societal problems like climate change. Previous research demonstrated that especially the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., aprons) in critical care contributes to this problem. To reduce personal protective equipment waste, new sustainable policies are needed. Policies are only effective if people comply. Our aim is to examine whether compliance with sustainable policies in critical care can be increased through behavioural influencing. Specifically, we examined the effectiveness of two sets of nudges (i.e., a Prime + Visual prompt nudge and a Social norm nudge) on decreasing apron usage in an intensive care unit (ICU). We conducted a field experiment with a pre- and post-intervention measurement. Upon the introduction of the new sustainable policy, apron usage data were collected for 9 days before (132 observations) and 9 days after (114 observations) the nudge interventions were implemented. Neither the Prime + Visual prompt nudge, nor the Social norm nudge decreased apron usage. While previous studies have found that primes, visual nudges and social norm nudges can increase sustainable behaviour, we did not find evidence for this in our ICU field experiment. Future research is needed to determine whether this null finding reflects reality, or whether it was due to methodological decisions and limitations of the presented experiment. The presented study highlights the importance of studying behavioural interventions that were previously proven successful in the lab and in other field contexts, in the complex setting of critical care. Results previously found in other contexts may not generalize directly to a critical care context. The unique characteristics of the critical care context also pose methodological challenges that may have affected the outcomes of this experiment.

Field evaluation of validity and feasibility of Pan-Lassa rapid diagnostic test for Lassa fever in Abakaliki, Nigeria: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study

Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever with few options for diagnosis and treatment; it is also under-researched with knowledge gaps on its epidemiology. A point-of-care bedside test diagnosing Lassa fever, adhering to REASSURED criteria, is not currently available but is urgently needed in west African regions with high Lassa fever burden. We aimed to assess the validity and feasibility of a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to confirm Lassa fever in people in Nigeria. We estimated the diagnostic performance of the ReLASV Pan-Lassa RDT (Zalgen Labs, Frederick, MD, USA) as a research-use-only test, compared to RT-PCR as a reference standard, in 217 participants at a federal tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria. We recruited participants between Feb 17, 2022, and April 17, 2023. The RDT was performed using capillary blood at the patient bedside and using plasma at the laboratory. The performance of the test, based on REASSURED criteria, was assessed for user friendliness, rapidity and robustness, sensitivity, and specificity. Participants were aged between 0 and 85 years, with a median age of 33·0 years (IQR 22·0-44·3), and 24 participants were younger than 18 years. 107 (50%) participants were women and 109 (50%) were men; one participant had missing sex data. Although the specificity of the Pan-Lassa RDT was high (>90%), sensitivity at bedside using capillary blood was estimated as 4% (95% CI 1-14) at 15 min and 10% (3-22) at 25 min, far below the target of 90%. The laboratory-based RDT using plasma showed better sensitivity (46% [32-61] at 15 min and 50% [36-64] at 25 min) but did not reach the target sensitivity. Among the 52 PCR-positive participants with Lassa fever, positive RDT results were associated with lower cycle threshold values (glycoprotein precursor [GPC] gene mean 30·3 [SD 4·3], Large [L] gene mean 32·3 [3·7] vs GPC gene mean 24·5 [3·9], L gene mean 28·0 [3·6]). Personnel conducting the bedside test procedure reported being hindered by the inconvenient use of full personal protective equipment and long waiting procedures before a result could be read. The Pan-Lassa RDT is not currently recommended as a diagnostic or screening tool for suspected Lassa fever cases. Marked improvement in sensitivity and user friendliness is needed for the RDT to be adopted clinically. There remains an urgent need for better Lassa fever diagnostics to promote safety of in-hospital care and better disease outcomes in low-resource settings. Médecins Sans Frontières.

Prediction of Noise Level in Ota Metropolis Using Artificial Neural Network

Capturing noise data is laborious, time-consuming, expensive and dangerous due to the exposure of the investigator to the menace. Also, appropriate software, computational skill and computational time are also required before the captured data could be of any use. In this work, an artificial neural network (ANN) was deployed to learn and train noise data in Ota Metropolis. Data were captured from forty-one (41) locations for the morning, afternoon and evening in Ota Metropolis. ANN with Levenberg Marquardt algorithm and architectural configuration of 2-21-9 (input-hidden neuron-output) was used to predict noise descriptors for Ota Metropolis with 73% accuracy. The two input variables were the latitude and longitude of the location measured in degrees while the nine output variables are the noise descriptors such traffic noise index (TNI), noise pollution level (LNP), and average equivalent noise levels (LAeq) computed for each selected location for morning, afternoon and evening periods. The results could be used in mobile applications, Google Earth and other platforms to guide residence dwellers, travellers, industrialists and technocrats in selecting travelling routes, choice of apartment location and use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) in unavoidable noisy locations.

Risk Factors for Helminth Infection in Farmers : Literature Review

Worm infection is a serious health problem in many countries, especially in areas with poor sanitation. The factors that contribute to worm infection can vary, including environmental factors and human behavior. This study aims to collect and analyze relevant literature on the factors of exposure that affect worm infection in humans. Literature search sources include Google Scholar, SpringerLink, PubMed, and ScienceDirect that were published between 2019-2023 and discuss infection exposure agents, organic substances, and the relation between personal hygiene and intestinal worm infection. The research design can be qualitative or quantitative, involving observation, randomized control trials, and case studies. This study involves a population of farmers and uses articles in Indonesian and/or English. The literature review result indicate the importance of personal hygiene, good sanitation, and access to clean water in preventing Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infections among farmers. Awareness of personal hygiene practices and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) need to be improved to reduce the risk of infection. Furthermore, sanitation and water sources improvement, as well as specific education, are needed to ensure the health of farmers living in rural, urban, and peri-urban areas. The role of nurses in preventing worm infections among farmers in rural areas includes education on sanitation, hygiene practices, and the use of protective equipment. Nurses also need to conduct regular health monitoring, collaborate with other healthcare teams, and improve communication with local health institutions. They should stay updated with research developments and implement the findings in the practice of care and education for farmers and the community.

Evaluating the effectiveness of video training for health professionals on the use of personal protective equipment

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of video training for health workers on the use of personal protective equipment. A training video was prepared on the use of personal protective equipment against Covid-19. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated by comparing the pre-post-training scores obtained from the online application, questionnaire form, and self-assessment knowledge level form developed by the researchers. Video training and collection of research data were carried out through the online joint training module used in the relevant hospitals. The study was completed with 558 health workers. The findings showed that the participants' questionnaire form, self-assessment of knowledge level form, and the online application scores increased statistically significantly after the video training (p<0.001). The majority of the health workers (71.3% n=398) completed the application in a shorter time after the video training (p<0.001). A significant relationship was found between online application and questionnaire scores (p<0.05). The study showed that video training led to an increase in health workers' scores on the questionnaire form, online application and self-assessment forms. Video training can be used as an effective training method in pandemic periods when face-to-face training is undesirable due to the risk of transmission.

Alat Pelindung Diri Sebagai Upaya Mencegah Risiko Pada Pekerja Sablon Plastik Di Desa Bolon Kecamatan Colomadu Kabupaten Karanganyar Jawa Tengah

The partner in this service is a plastic screen printing business. The number of participants in the activity was 10 screen printing workers. Lectures, discussions, and simulations carry out the method of activity. Data collection techniques through pre and post-test questionnaires conducted before and after socialization activities and simulated use of personal protective equipment. This advocacy activity is carried out on screen printing business owners, aiming to get support from screen printing business owners to participate in preventing the risk of chemical exposure to screen printing workers and screenprinting business owners welcome enthusiastically and participate in service activities. Socialization activities to measure success by conducting pretest and posttest with pretest and posttest results increased the average value according to the target, which was 51%. Workers are also given a simulation of the use of personal protective equipment in the form of a respirator so that they can apply the use of a respirator correctly. The results of assistance after the activity was carried out, all workers had used personal protective equipment in the form of respirators while working to prevent the risk of exposure to chemicals used as screen printing materials. Workers' knowledge of hazards and their control increased by 51% and workers have used personal protective equipment properly to prevent the risk of hazards that arise when working with plastic screen printing worker