Use Of Pronouns Research Articles

The Politics of Identity Markers: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani English Newspapers

This study looked at how politicians come about with their political identities using identity markers to communicate their ideology(s) and ideas in political discourse. This study attempted to examine such identifying markers employed by Imran Khan (PTI), Fazal-ur-Rehman (JUI-F), Nawaz Sharif (PML-N), and Bilawal Bhutto (PPP) in Dawn and The Express Tribune news between 2018 and 2023. Data was obtained from the sites of a number of newspapers using a qualitative research method, using Fairclough's 3D model. Important markers of identification were phrases such as youth, corruption, accountability, and Naya Pakistan (new Pakistan), as well as cultural symbols, like flags and turbans. The ongoing use of pronouns, metaphors, and authoritative language by politicians helped to make societal topics such as power dynamics, corruption, and development lively. It is found that Fairclough's approach to the analysis of political identity markers can be put to good use.

Precept vs. usage: Pronominal case forms in late modern English

ABSTRACT The English pronominal system has been the matter of heated debate among grammarians for the last 300 years. This is especially the case of the dichotomy nominative-objective pronoun forms I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; and they/them in a set of linguistic contexts. In present-day English, the phenomenon does not appear to be a matter of correct vs. incorrect language, but one of formal vs. informal language, although a different state of affairs is found in earlier periods of English. Since the eighteenth century, a great concern for language correctness grew, resulting in an upsurge in the publication of grammars as an attempt to regularize the language and ‘enforce a uniformity and conformity to some absolute standard’ (Drake 1977: 1). Usage books, however, reveal a lack of consensus among grammarians on the ‘correct’ use of pronouns, and a look at the evidence demonstrates significant variation on their usage during the late Modern period. The present paper aims to investigate the correlation between prescriptivist norms and actual usage as regards English pronominal forms over the course of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Precepts are studied in view of prescriptive commentary in grammars, whereas quantitative data is retrieved from CLMET3.1 (The corpus of late modern English texts). The purpose of this piece of work is therefore twofold: a) to analyze the historical distribution of pronoun case forms in postverbal position in the period 1710–1920 and b) to evaluate the influence that prescriptive rules may have had upon their actual usage over time. Case variation is thus explored in three different linguistic environments, including the use of pronouns after the linking verb be (e.g. ‘it is I/me’) and after the conjunctions than (e.g. ‘she is taller than I/me’) and as (e.g. ‘she is as tall as I/me’).

Clinical Characteristics and Care Trajectories of Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients With Cancer Seen in a Pediatric Gender Clinic.

There is very little information on the experiences of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth with cancer. To examine clinical characteristics and care trajectories of TGD youth a history of cancer. This case series reviewed records of 2790 pediatric gender clinic patients seen between 2007 and 2022 to identify 14 with a history of cancer diagnosis. Demographics, clinical characteristics, disclosure of gender identity to oncology teams, oncology teams' use of correct names and pronouns, documented interprofessional communication between gender health and oncology teams, and course of medical gender affirmation were reviewed. Of 14 TGD youth with a history of cancer, 11 (78.6%) were diagnosed prior to presenting to the gender clinic (mean [SD]=8.2 [4.7] years), three following initial gender care (mean [SD]=1.1 [0.2] years). Six (42.9%) patients were engaged in annual survivorship care when presenting, and 8 (57.1%) were seen concurrently by both clinics. Nine (64.3%) patients had documented communication between teams. Three-quarters of patients who were seen concurrently by both clinics had documented interprofessional communication. Eight (57.1%) patients received gender affirming hormones, after cancer treatment concluded. TGD youth with cancer experiences present for gender affirming care and merit clinical attention. There was variability in (1) patients' and families' disclosure of TGD identities to oncology teams, (2) whether oncology documentation consistently used patients' correct name and pronouns, and (3) whether there was documented interprofessional consultation between teams. There is need for ongoing improvement in research and clinical protocols for TGD youth with cancer.

Social media affordances of LGBTQIA+ expression and community formation

Faced with offline discrimination, LGBTQIA+ users frequently turn to social media to find role models, build social networks and test out new forms of self-expression. Each platform has its own affordances and governance processes which can, in turn, facilitate or impede self-expression and community growth. Through a survey of 120 LGBTQIA+ participants, this paper considers which social media affordances facilitate the creation and development of LGBTQIA+ identities, support online and offline community formation and peer-to-peer learning, whilst limiting opportunities for online abuse. While previous research has so far largely focused on younger LGBTQIA+ users' experiences on SM, we found that broadening our sample to include older participants can lead to novel reflections on platforms' potential and/or challenges towards expressing one’s queerness online. For example, while users young and old found the visibility of other LGBTQIA+ accounts inspiring, entertaining and reassuring, particularly within previously stigmatised expressions of bisexuality, we found that older participants preferred to be selective about their outness, or sometimes to not be out at all, not simply for fear of harassment or context collapse, but also because of historical factors around family and friend relationships or because their identity experimentation had already happened offline. We also identified contrasting views about outness and the use and visibility of pronouns, reminding us that the online LGBTQIA+ community is not a monolith in its beliefs and practices, particularly when different life stages are considered.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN KALIMAT BAHASA INDONESIA PADA BERITA TRIBUN-TIMUR.COM

This research is a qualitative research that aims to describe Indonesian sentence pattern errors, Indonesian diction errors in online media news Tribun-Timur.com. The data in the research are news sentences containing Indonesian sentence pattern errors and Indonesian diction errors. The data source of this research is news published by Tribun-Timur.com online media published in its portal in the period August to November 2023. The results of this study show that: Indonesian sentence pattern errors on Tribun-Timur.com news, including Subject Errors, namely subject errors that do not match the number, wrong word selection, grammatical conformity errors; Predicate Errors in Tribun-Timur. Object Errors, which are discrepancies between the subject and predicate in a sentence; Object Errors, which are discrepancies in the type of nouns, discrepancies in the number of nouns, discrepancies in the use of object pronouns, and discrepancies in prepositions; Description Errors, which are discrepancies in time, discrepancies in place, discrepancies in manner, discrepancies in intensity level, and discrepancies in order; Complementary errors, namely mismatch of complement type, mismatch of complement number, mismatch of conjunction, mismatch of complement meaning, and mismatch of complement phrase; and Indonesian diction errors on Tribun-Timur. com news, namely the use of words that are not in accordance with the value of taste, the use of words through language styles that create nuances of negative ideas, and the use of words that cause ambiguity.

Not Just They/Them: Exploring Diversity and Meaning in Pronoun Use among Non-Binary Individuals

ABSTRACT Gender-neutral pronouns, such as they/them, have been studied as a site of identity affirmation and, at other times, contestation for non-binary individuals. In this study, we draw from interviews with 123 non-binary individuals to better understand the role of pronouns in these individuals’ lives. We find that pronoun practices are ontoformative—they actively (re)construct the meanings attached to gender and gender identities. Yet, not all non-binary individuals use similar pronoun practices, resulting in diverse ontologies of non-binary identity. Half of our respondents consistently used non-binary pronouns, such as they/them, and felt they were a stable and direct reflection of identity—an approach we refer to as a fixed expression. These individuals define non-binary gender as independent from the woman/man binary. The other half of our sample held flexible pronoun expressions—they used multiple pronouns and anticipated future changes. Some of these individuals rejected the idea that pronouns expressed their identity, offering a definition of non-binary that eschewed categorical distinctions. Others embrace pronouns as identity expressing and forming, but felt that multiplicity best reflected their identity, offering a definition of non-binary as category-spanning. Our findings highlight the central and diverse role of pronouns in the social construction of non-binary ontology.

Effect of Age and Education on Discourse Cohesion

ABSTRACT Background Several studies have proven the presence of cohesion difficulties in neurogenic communication disorders. However, we still have very little information about discourse cohesion in the intact adult population and the factors that influence it. The aim of the present study is to provide additional information on this topic and to assess the effect of age and education on discourse cohesion. Methods One hundred and eighty-two healthy Slovak-speaking adult participants were divided into three age groups and three education groups were asked to tell Cinderella's story. The cohesion of the obtained discourse samples was evaluated. Results Our study indicates no significant effect of age. However, an increasing tendency of the occurrence of cohesive tie errors with increasing age was described. Education, on the other hand, turned out to be a statistically significant factor and had an impact on the overall use of cohesive ties as well as the use of referential pronouns. Conclusion Our findings suggest that monitoring the influence of education when creating normative data for discourse cohesion is more important than monitoring the effect of age.

Gender identity and pronouns among trans and nonbinary students entering college

Surveys indicate that a growing number of young people in the United States identify as trans and especially as nonbinary. Further, there is evidence that an increasing number of young adults use nongendered or nonbinary pronouns for themselves (e.g. ‘they/them’). However, research to date has not captured the full range of ways that young adults label their gender identities, the specific pronouns they go by, and the intersections between their gender identities and pronoun choices. This study examines the gender identities and pronouns of the more than 2.4 million students who applied to college in Fall 2022 or Fall 2023 using the Common Application, the admissions platform utilized by more than 1,000 U.S. colleges and universities. We consider how students identified their gender in general and by legal sex, race, and citizenship status, and what pronouns they used by these same demographic factors. Our research finds major differences in students’ gender identities and pronoun use by legal sex and citizenship status and fewer significant differences by race. We conclude by making recommendations for college administrators, faculty, and staff on how they can better understand gender diversity and support trans and nonbinary students.

The Expression of Indefiniteness in English and Uzbek Languages

This study explores the expression of indefiniteness in English and Uzbek, highlighting its role in indicating that referents are not identifiable due to a lack of shared knowledge or previous mention. While previous research has addressed definiteness in various languages, the specific mechanisms of indefiniteness in these two languages remain under-explored. The aim of this research is to analyze and compare how English and Uzbek convey indefiniteness, utilizing a qualitative approach that includes text analysis and examples from native speakers. Results reveal distinct patterns in the use of indefinite articles and pronouns, contributing to a better understanding of how different languages handle the concept of indefiniteness. These findings have implications for linguistic theory and translation studies, offering insights into cross-linguistic variation in expression and comprehension.

Toward Visibility: Using the Swedish Gender-Inclusive Pronoun Hen Increases Gender Categorization of Androgynous Faces as Nonbinary

Nonbinary people face invisibility and misrecognition. This research investigated how the use of the Swedish gender-inclusive neopronoun hen influenced the gender categorization of faces beyond the binary. In a between-subjects design, participants ( N = 368) were instructed to use the gender-inclusive neopronoun hen, the binary masculine pronoun han (he), or no pronoun in a writing task. Then, they categorized androgynous morphed faces by selecting one of four response options (“woman,” “man,” “nonbinary,” or “I don't know”). Altogether, the results indicated that few participants responded “I don't know,” indicating that categorizing gender by appearance is common. As expected, the use of the gender-inclusive pronoun increased nonbinary categorizations, whereas the use of the masculine pronoun did not increase man categorizations, documenting that gender-inclusive pronouns increase the visibility of nonbinary people. Gender binary beliefs were associated with less nonbinary categorization. The discussion outlines how these findings can inform social policymaking.

Transgender People in Emergency And Rescue Services

The treatment of transgender individuals presents a multifaceted challenge for those involved in emergency and rescue services, encompassing not only medical but also social aspects. Despite the increasing importance of healthcare for transgender individuals in Germany over recent years, there remains significant uncertainty among healthcare professionals in addressing the needs of this population. This uncertainty can result in transgender individuals delaying access to the healthcare system due to previous negative experiences, thereby increasing the risk of receiving suboptimal medical care.Ambiguities exist regarding gender-specific health issues and the appropriate use of pronouns and names. Surveyed participants have expressed a desire for more training opportunities in this area. Enhanced training of emergency services personnel is essential for fostering a better understanding of gender-specific health concerns. Additionally, there is a notable lack of specific guidelines for the treatment of transgender individuals within both emergency services and emergency rooms. Establishing specific treatment guidelines can enhance the safety of healthcare workers and consequently improve the medical care provided to transgender individuals.The objective of this CME article is to outline the key aspects of emergency medical care for transgender individuals, aiming to reduce uncertainties among emergency service personnel and enhance the quality of medical care for this group.

TYPES AND FEATURES OF PRONOUNS IN THE KOREAN LANGUAGE

This article aims to highlight the pronouns of the Korean language and their distinctive features. In Korean, pronouns are used to indicate clarity and to indicate a person. The uniqueness of this language is that the use of pronouns varies depending on the social status and the level of respect in the sentence. The article also provides information about the grammatical functions of Korean pronouns, their place in a sentence and changes in content. This article serves as a useful resource for Korean language learners on how to use pronouns correctly and effectively.

The First Step in Triadic Decision-Making Involving People with Dementia: Determining Who Talks When

ABSTRACT Everyone should have the opportunity to participate in decisions about their health, including people living with dementia. People with dementia typically bring a companion to medical appointments, so most care decisions are made in interactions involving three parties. To make decisions about their care, patients with dementia must have the opportunity to take a turn-at-talk in conversations where decisions are made. However, negotiating who speaks next in triadic talk is a complex task, especially when dementia-associated language and/or memory problems impact communication. Findings show that using second person (“you”) pronouns assist people with dementia in responding to queries, yet third person (“she/he”) can exclude them from the interaction, although this near-canonical pronoun use can be overridden by sequential placement, gesture, and gaze. We also demonstrate how midturn pronoun switching often only provides for tokenistic inclusion, though this again is dependent on sequential placement and embodied interaction. Data are in English.

Part-of-Speech Features in Bob Dylan's Song Lyrics: A Stylometric Analysis

Honoured as a Nobel Laureate in 2016, Bob Dylan's song lyrics have garnered well-deserved recognition and appreciation for their themes, content and artistic performances. Part-of-speech characteristics are effective in denoting stylistic features of texts in stylometric studies. The present study carried out a quantitative observation of stylistic features of Dylan's lyrics. Specifically, the study focuses on parts of speech like verbs, adjectives, adverbs, nouns and pronouns. Results of the present study reveal that: (1) Based on the distribution of verbs and adjectives, Dylan's lyrics are significantly active texts, and the activity sequences (Q-sequences) have validated the result in a dynamic way; (2) Dylan's lyrics tend to present the characteristics of a written body; (3) Individualism is prominent in Dylan's lyrics accompanied by the wide use of the first-person singular pronouns.

Analysis of Textual Complexity in Danish News Articles on Climate Change

Structural linguistic features are often overlooked yet potentially important aspects of journalistic practice. Especially in news reporting on climate change, these features can play a crucial role as the proper use of language is tied to message credibility, processing fluency and knowledge retention, which can positively influence the reader to take more climate action. This article analyzes language use in Danish news articles on climate change using a sample of around 32,000 articles from four different outlet types (quality news, niche papers, tabloids, and public service broadcasters) published from 1990 to 2021. We create a machine-learning model of text complexity covering this concept’s semantic and syntactic dimensions. Our findings confirm expected differences in complexity between news outlets, highlighting tabloid articles as engaging with higher semantic complexity, while quality papers and niche papers exhibit higher syntactic complexity. We observe a significant decrease in semantic complexity and a slight increase in syntactic complexity over time, a trend towards more generic language, and an increased use of pronouns, verbs, and adverbs. Most of these changes can be attributed to the emergence of articles by public service broadcasters. Articles by public service broadcasters are characterised by high syntactic complexity, which we consider problematic due to their popularity among the general public.

Story Recall in Peer Conflict Resolution Discourse Task to Identify Older Adults Testing Within Range of Cognitive Impairment.

The current study used behavioral measures of discourse complexity and story recall accuracy in an expository discourse task to distinguish older adults testing within range of cognitive impairment according to a standardized cognitive screening tool in a sample of self-reported healthy older adults. Seventy-three older adults who self-identified as healthy completed an expository discourse task and neuropsychological screener. Discourse data were used to classify participants testing within range of cognitive impairment using multiple machine learning algorithms and stability analysis for identifying reliably predictive features in an effort to maximize prediction accuracy. We hypothesized that a higher rate of pronoun use and lower scores on story recall would best classify older adults testing within range of cognitive impairment. The highest classification accuracy exploited a single variable in a remarkably intuitive way: using 66% story recall as a cutoff for cognitive impairment. Forcing this decision tree model to use more features or increasing its complexity did not improve accuracy. Permutation testing confirmed that the 77% accuracy and 0.18 Brier skill score achieved by the model were statistically significant (p < .00001). These results suggest that expository discourse tasks that place demands on executive functions, such as working memory, can be used to identify aging adults who test within range of cognitive impairment. Accurate representation of story elements in working memory is critical for coherent discourse. Our simple yet highly accurate predictive model of expository discourse provides a promising assessment for easy identification of cognitive impairment in older adults. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26543824.

Marketing Language in Tourism Discourse: Corpus Based Study on Personal Pronoun “You”

This paper investigates the use of the personal pronoun "you" in tourism discourse through a corpus-based study of the Lonely Planet website. As a central element in engaging readers, the pronoun "you" serves to directly address and involve the audience, making the discourse more interactive and persuasive. By analyzing a comprehensive corpus of travel-related texts, this study examines how "you" is strategically utilized to create a personalized experience, guide the reader's journey, and establish a conversational tone in tourism content. The research uncovers patterns in the usage of "you" across various contexts and topics within the website, providing insights into its role in shaping audience perception and enhancing the effectiveness of tourism marketing. This study contributes to a better understanding of linguistic strategies in digital tourism discourse, offering valuable implications for both researchers and professionals in the tourism industry.

Pelatihan Penggunaan Pronomina Pada Anak-Anak dalam Menulis Cerita Pendek di Gampong Jeumpa

The definition of a pronoun is a pronoun that replaces a noun or noun phrase. Examples are me, his, this. Based on the text quote, the first sentence reads: Every parent will love their child. Then, in the next sentence the word parents is no longer mentioned and is changed to use the pronoun itself, namely me. Writing I is used as a parental pronoun. Pronouns are also called pronouns. This means all words that are used to replace nouns or words that are used as objects. training on the use of pronouns for children in Gampong Jeumpa in writing short stories so that the pronouns used are not monotonous. The method used in this community service is by using lectures, questions and answers, and group work under direct guidance. This community service activity proved successful after they received the material and were guided and guided directly by lecturers and students so that in the end they were able to use various pronouns in writing short stories so that they were not monotonous in telling stories. Overall, this community service activity ran smoothly, where there were other supporting factors such as activities that were carried out in accordance with the objectives and on target.

Institutional Violence Perpetrated against Transgender Individuals in Health Services: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

This review aims to analyze the evidence related to violence perpetrated against transgender individuals in health services based on their narratives. This is a systematic literature review of qualitative studies. A search was carried out in the Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases using the descriptors "transgender people", "violence", and "health services". The eligibility criteria included original qualitative articles addressing the research question, with fully available text, reporting violence specifically by health workers, involving trans individuals aged 18 and above, and published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. In addition, studies were included that reported experiences of violence suffered by the trans population, through their narratives, in health services. A total of 3477 studies were found, of which 25 were included for analysis. The results highlighted situations such as refusal of service; resistance to the use of social names and pronouns; barriers to accessing health services; discrimination and stigma; insensitivity of health workers; lack of specialized care and professional preparedness; and a system focused on binarism. The analysis of the studies listed in this review highlights the multiple facets of institutional violence faced by the transgender population in health services. It is evident that the forms of violence often interlink and reinforce each other, creating a hostile environment for the transgender population in health services. Thus, there is an urgent need to create strategies that ensure access to dignified and respectful care for all individuals, regardless of their gender identity.

Karakteristik Deiksis Tempat dan Waktu dalam Novel Indonesia Mutakhir

The objectives of this research are to (a) describe the types of spatial and temporal deixis found in the contemporary Indonesian novel by Tere Liye: Hujan dan Si Putih, and (b) describe the functions of each spatial and temporal deixis based on its usage context in the contemporary Indonesian novel by Tere Liye: Hujan dan Si Putih. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive method. The data used are words, phrases, sentences, and utterances that contain deixis forms in the novel Hujan dan Si Putih by Tere Liye. The data collection technique used is the note-taking technique. The steps of data analysis in this research are: (1) reading and understanding the novel Hujan dan Si Putih by Tere Liye, (2) identifying each word and phrase that contains types of spatial and temporal deixis found in the novel Hujan dan Si Putih by Tere Liye, (3) classifying spatial and temporal deixis into a table that has been created based on its type, (4) analyzing data on the use of deixis found in the novel, and (5) reporting the results of the data in the form of a research report. The research findings are as follows. First, in the novel Hujan, there are 1,014 uses of spatial and temporal deixis, with details: spatial deixis as many as 710 data with a percentage of 70.19% and temporal deixis 306 data with a percentage of 29.81%. Meanwhile, in the novel Si Putih, there are 1,208 data with details: spatial deixis as many as 905 data with a percentage of 74.92% and temporal deixis as many as 303 data with a percentage of 25.08%. So the total number of uses of spatial and temporal deixis found in the novel Hujan dan Si Putih by Tere Liye is 2,222 data. Second, the function of the use of spatial deixis in the novel Hujan dan Si Putih by Tere Liye refers to the use of spatial pronouns, other names for a place, place nouns, and spatial prepositions. In temporal deixis, it refers to the use of time pronouns and place nouns.