Use Of Knowledge In Practice Research Articles

Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: Teaching, Learning, and Assessing in the Information and Artificial Intelligence Era

This study reviews existing taxonomies and proposes a new educational taxonomy that fulfills the educational needs of the current era, the information and Artificial Intelligence (AI) era. The review of previous educational taxonomies revealed that although they provide insights into establishing educational objectives and learning outcomes, they still need to address recent changes and challenges in learning processes. To (1) integrate the new realities into the landscape of learning (i.e., Education for sustainable development (ESD), soft skills development, and AI), (2) maintain the classroom as the formal venue for learning, and (3) strengthen the position and role of instructors as facilitators, a new six-category two-fold hierarchy-based taxonomy is proposed (AlAfnan Taxonomy): (1) Knowledge and Comprehension, (2) Synthesis and Evaluation, (3) Ethical and Moral Reasoning, (4) Application and Strategic Thinking, (5) Creativity and Innovation, and (6) Lifelong Learning and Adaptability. The taxonomy begins with foundational levels of ‘Knowledge and Comprehension’ stressing the importance of understanding fundamental realities and concepts within specific fields. Then, it addresses the importance of ‘Synthesis and Evaluation’ as essential and crucial skills for navigating an information-rich world. ‘Ethical and Moral Reasoning’ highlights the significance of ethical decision-making, moral frameworks, and culture-based diversity. Further, the taxonomy introduces ‘Application and Strategic Thinking’, emphasizing the practical use of knowledge in real-world scenarios and the ability to devise long-term plans. ‘Creativity and Innovation’ are essential drivers of progress in an era characterized by rapid technological advancements encouraging learners to explore novel solutions and approaches. Lastly, ‘Lifelong Learning and Adaptability’ underscores the necessity of continuous learning and flexibility in response to evolving circumstances, ensuring students and graduates remain competitive and relevant throughout their lives. By nurturing a multifaceted skill set encompassing critical thinking, ethical awareness, practical application, creativity, and adaptability, this taxonomy aims to equip learners with the necessary tools to excel in a dynamic and complex world, making it indispensable for modern education.

FEATURES OF THE CONCEPTS OF TIME OF SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT LEADING PERSONALITY ARCHETYPE

Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of semantic universals of time estimation by subjects with different leading personality archetype. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of assessing the time continuum associated with the leading personality archetype. The author considers the archetype as a deep semantic structure, manifested at the level of surface structures in the specifics of evaluating stimuli, including the time continuum. Methodology. The sampling consisted of 112 people who differ in the leading personality archetype. To determine the leading personality archetype, a set of MAC "12 archetypes plus" was used, and a specialized semantic differential "time" was used to determine the subjects' ideas about the time of their lives. The processing of the received data was carried out using the method of semantic universalities. Results. As a result of the study, data were obtained on the presence of differences in the semantic universalities of estimating the time of their lives by subjects with different leading personality archetype. At the same time, the differences obtained are relevant to the localization of the leading archetype on the axes of the archetypal space, which indicates the manifestation of the archetype at the level of semantic structures in the evaluation of the time continuum. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used for further research of archetypes as deep semantic structures, as well as in the field of practical use of knowledge about the psychology of the archetype, such as psychological counseling or the psychology of advertising.

The Role of Acculturation in the Realization of Constructive Conflict

The article highlights the criteria of «conflict competence» within the framework of an integrative model that combines dispositional and situational factors of conflicts. The possibilities of studying different types of conflicts in the context of combining the focus on fundamental research of a general psychological nature (to substantiate the term, criteria and role of conflict competence of an individual) and the practical use of knowledge about conflict competence in order to improve interpersonal interaction (including psychological, pedagogical, socio-psychological aspects and their places in the psychology of pedagogical activity) are substantiated. The novelty of the author’s approach lies in the substantiation of the need to develop a model for the formation and development of conflict competence in the process of socialization of emigrant children. The expediency of studying the combination of traditionally identified mechanisms of social perception with the manifestation of the development (actualgenesis) of thinking and personal regulation in the formation and manifestation of conflict competence of a teacher is substantiated.

Pediatric pain knowledge and attitudes among health care professionals-A National Danish Survey.

To explore and compare Danish health-care professionals' attitudes and knowledge towards pain management of children. The cross-sectional study was carried out using the Pediatric Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to all health care professionals caring for children in three hospital settings, including nurses and physicians in departments of pediatric, emergency, and anesthesia and medical laboratory technologists. The study was conducted in 2020 and 765 health care professionals participated. Within the six main categories included in the questionnaire, there were significant differences between nurses and physicians in three subcategories: view on the care of children in pain, using drugs to relieve pain, and the four mandatories. Comparing nurses with medical laboratory technicians, there were significant differences in the subcategory "view on the care of children in pain." Comparing types of clinical departments, there were significant differences in the subcategories' view on the care of children in pain, using drugs to relieve pain, and the four mandatories. Overall, we found that the participating health professionals did not have a uniform understanding of pain management and therefore might treat children differently. The present study highlights the need to align health care professionals' knowledge regarding pain assessment and management of children, as well as the need to develop and test interventions that support the use of knowledge in practice.

An exploratory study of how measuring knowledge-in-use adds value beyond static knowledge measures

ABSTRACT Research-supported knowledge about how children develop language is considered foundational for high-quality instruction and as such, measuring and developing teachers’ knowledge has been emphasized across the field of early childhood. However, there is a critical gap in understanding how this static knowledge gained through pre-service and in-service experiences is connected to enacted practice. To address this, we compared teachers’ static knowledge regarding language development as assessed via a traditional paper and pencil measure with their knowledge used in-the-moment during language interactions with children via stimulated recall interviews. Ten educators from a variety of early childhood programs completed the surveys and participated in two stimulated recall interviews about language interactions with children. Interview data were coded for emerging themes regarding knowledge use and then compared with the knowledge assessed on the static measure. We found that overall, teachers had high levels of research-based knowledge regarding children’s language development and that this knowledge was part of their in-the-moment knowledge use; however, it was used infrequently. Educators tended to utilize knowledge about their context more frequently than knowledge from the field (formal sources of knowledge). Implications for measuring knowledge, professional learning, and supporting the use of knowledge in practice are discussed.

Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom.

Extraembryonic tissues: exploring concepts, definitions and functions across the animal kingdom.

Možnosti využitia potenciálu horskej krajiny v terénnom vyučovaní na príklade Španej doliny

One of the many options of geographical education is field teaching. Thanks to the direct contact of pupils with the country and specific examples of human activity in it, pupils have the opportunity to understand better the interconnectedness of various phenomena and components in the country and build a positive relationship to its natural and social values. Another reason for using field teaching is the possibility of applying interdisciplinary relationships, while on the example of a mining country, it is possible to integrate information, topics and procedures from geography, geology, history and other subjects. The importance of field teaching also lies in the practical use of knowledge and skills pupils have acquired at school. It also gives more space for group work, communication, strengthens social relations. Field teaching of geography at primary and secondary schools has its place also within the current school curriculum. Nevertheless, teachers include this method in the teaching only to a limited extent. The paper presents the mining village of Špania Dolina near Banská Bystrica, its potential in science and social education, and the design and experience with the implementation of field teaching in this village.

STEM education in the context of improving the science and mathematics literacy of pupils

The article considers the problem of STEM education in the context of improving the quality of science and mathematics literacy of pupils. The results of the monitoring study conducted by the “OsvitAnalityka” Analytical Center of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University in cooperation with the Kyiv City Educational Agency and the Ukrainian Center for Educational Quality Assessment are presented. The state of formation of science and mathematical literacy of pupils as the ability to apply knowledge to solve practical problems for the implementation of STEM education has been established. Examples of practice-oriented integrated tasks in geography, chemistry, biology and physics that reveal the possibilities of STEM education are given. The success of the implementation of individual tasks, which involved subject integration and the use of knowledge in practice is analyzed. The most important factors influencing the quality of STEM education are highlighted: professional level of teachers, material and technical and educational-methodical support, motivation of pupils, practice-oriented content of education. As a result of the monitoring study, recommendations were prepared for general secondary education institutions for further implementation of STEM education.

FORMATION OF THE CATEGORY APPARATUS OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

The purpose of the article consists in the analysis of the norms of national and international legislation for the elimination of the discrepancies in the legal understanding of the definitions in the field of alternative energy, that is definition and scientific and theoretical substantiation of the notions «alternative sources of energy», «non-conventional sources of energy» and «renewable sources of energy», which will serve for the elimination of terminological discrepancies in national legislation, and will become a basis for uniform practical use of the latter in the field of alternative energy. Urgency of the research is conditioned by the reorientation of world energy sector in the direction of the substitution of conventional fuel sources for those alternative. Since global warming and increasing of the level of anthropogenic emissions as a result of human activity is one of the biggest ecological problems of the universe, international community, together with ecologists and climatologists of all the world are involved in the development and implementation of highly efficient international strategies, which are directed at the decrease of harmful impact of anthropogenic emissions on surrounding natural environment and human health. In order to prevent the climate change and to mitigate global warming the scientists of the entire world proposed a wide range of variants for the mitigation of climate changes of Earth. Among which the key place belongs to alternative and renewable energy sources, which have been identified as the main strategically successful directions of reducing anthropogenic emissions into the natural environment. Today, we can see a trend towards a reorientation of the global energy sector to more environmentally friendly, alternative and renewable energy sources and a departure from traditional fossil energy resources. At the same time, unambiguous interpretation and understanding of the conceptual and terminological apparatus is an important condition for the development and practical use of knowledge. Therefore, it is important to delineate the clear boundaries of the technologies included in the concepts of alternative and renewable sources of energy, as there are differences in the use of these concepts, both in national legislation and between national and international legislation. The article analyzes and systematizes the knowledge as to the categorial instrument in the field of alternative energy and proposes the definition of renewable and alternative energy sources in accordance with the rules of construction of conceptual and terminological apparatus taking into account international experience in this field. The proposed wording of these concepts serves to eliminate terminological inaccuracies in national legislation, and will address the gaps between national and international legislation in the field of application of the categorial instrument in the field of alternative energy.

Novice nurses' readiness to practice in an ICU: A qualitative study.

Novice nurses (newly qualified within the first 3-year period of professional practice after registration) must first face the reality and complexity of caring for high-acuity patients in the critical care setting, which can be an unfamiliar and demanding environment. The successful transition from education to professional practice of novice nurses hired for intensive care must be supported. To explore Polish novice nurses' readiness to practice in an intensive care unit (ICU). Our study objectives included investigating pre-registration preparation for work in an ICU, identifying the most needed competencies to work in an ICU, and analysing organizational aspects of the professional orientation period. A qualitative phenomenology design was applied. We conducted qualitative content analysis based on individual semi-structured in-depth interviews. Study recruitment was performed using a purposeful and network sampling strategy. The final number of participants was 17 Polish novice nurses. The majority of responders replied that they were not prepared to work in an ICU after graduation. Professional orientation was planned-generally for a period of 3months; however, in most places it was shortened. The respondents identified the five competencies most needed to work in an ICU: communication, teamwork, professional self-confidence, and knowledge and its practical use. Their enhancement could be achieved through simulations during both pre-registration and professional training. Analysis of the novice nurses' orientation period revealed many difficulties that indicated a lack of readiness to practice in an ICU after graduation. Identifying novice nurses' strengths and weaknesses regarding clinical competence is important to guide the design of orientation programmes in ICU settings and nursing education programmes. Readiness for ICU work may be improved by enriching education with simulations that enable training in the practical use of knowledge and critical care procedures. A supportive work environment is crucial during professional orientation.

Innovation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises from the Perspective of Globalization

Research background: The presented paper deals with the support of innovative activities of small and medium enterprises in the Slovak Republic. The topicality of the issue is based on the knowledge that small and medium-sized enterprises can respond quickly and effectively to customer requirements and thus to changes resulting from changes in the market. In the era of globalization, the knowledge economy based on three key factors prevails in developed countries - science and research, the quality of human capital and innovative entrepreneurship, which focuses on creating the conditions for the practical use of knowledge, for projecting it into innovation. The aim of the paper is based on theoretical knowledge, analysis of support for innovative activities of small and medium enterprises by the state in the conditions of the Slovak Republic, their readiness to invest in research and development to propose a streamlining support scheme for small and medium enterprises. Purpose of the article: The determinant of the future sustainable prosperity of the Slovak Republic, as a small open economy, must be the ability of the economy to respond flexibly to global changes and demand. Methods: The article we used the method of synthesis, the method of abstraction, the method of generalization, the method of description, explanation. Findings & Value added: The output of the dissertation is an evaluation of the overall state of current support for innovative activities in small and medium-sized enterprises and a proposal for a possible streamlining of this support from the aspect of entrepreneurs themselves.

Scientific and Practical Support For Studying The Personality and Environment Of Convicts

In this article the author considers the penitentiary socionics,that directed to the direction of scientific support on the criminological study of interpersonal relations among convicts. In the research, it became clear that the personal relationships of convicts in the process of serving their sentences in places of deprivation of liberty form a relatively independent structure functioning in the system of official relations of the microenvironment of penal institutions. Having analyzed the scientific works author stress out the importance of the socionics knowledge, especially to implement in the educational process with inmates. Summarises the concept of practical use of knowledge about personality of convicted staff in a penitentiary institution.

Assessment of the capabilities of orthopedic departments of medical organizations to implement modern technologies

The study showed the presence of negative dynamics in the provision of the population with orthopedic dentists and dental technicians, as well as a decrease in the staffing of medical organizations with these specialists. The fact of exceeding the basic rate of loss of dental technicians over the same indicator for dentists-orthopedists by 2 times was established. Since the coefficient of concurrency among dentists-orthopedists and dental technicians is less than the average for the specialty, the possibility of increasing the availability of personnel by combining positions is revealed. The trends of decreasing interest of specialists in obtaining qualification categories are noted. According to the survey of 305 specialists, a model of the most probable structural profile of a dentist-orthopedist was created and the characteristic features of the learning processes and practical use of knowledge on the main new technologies in orthopedic dentistry were determined. There are limited opportunities to improve the availability and quality of dental orthopedic care and the introduction of new prosthetics technologies as indicated by the data obtained in the course of the study.

The Role of Research in Business Schools and the Synergy Between Its Four Subdomains

The vast domain of research in business schools may be categorized according to Stokes’s four quadrant classification, which uses two dimensions: consideration of use (yes or no) and quest for fundamental understanding (yes or no). Viewing business school research in the context of these quadrants, it becomes clear that all four quadrants are so closely linked that research in each informs and inspires research in the others. It is therefore critical that business schools promote research in all four quadrants. Likewise, researchers in business schools should appreciate the importance of research in every quadrant and the scope of cross-pollination between them, or they will fail to realize their full potential. In order to get the most out of every quadrant, business schools must recruit professors who pursue research in a range of disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, and economics, and those who focus on the practical use of knowledge.

System of Informatics Tasks with Control of Physical Systems – Lego Robot

Motivating students to study nowadays became harder, but an important task for the teacher. The most soughtafter way to show motivation is the direct practical use of knowledge most often in school. This can be achieved by carefully selecting examples and learning tasks. Proven motivating impact there is a possibility for training based on the management of physical systems. This paper presents a system of tasks with LEGO robot control, part of the new approach developed by the authors for training in informatics and IT, relying on strong motivation through the development of applications with modern interface in modern environment, solving everyday problems, demonstrations with robot and visualizations of algorithms. The proposed examples and tasks can serve to enrich the pedagogical practice of secondary school teachers.

Child health care nurses' use of teaching practices and forms of knowledge episteme, techne and phronesis when leading parent education groups.

This study explores child health care nurses' pedagogical knowledge when supporting parents in their parenthood using various teaching practices, that is how to organise and process the content during parent education groups in primary health care. The aim is to identify teaching practices used by child health care nurses and to analyse such practices with regard to Aristotle's three forms of knowledge to comprehensively examine child health care nurses' use of knowledge in practice. A qualitative methodological design alongside the analysis of video-recordings was used. The results showed that child health care nurses used four teaching practices: lecturing, demonstration, conversation and supervision. Their use of episteme was prominent, but they also seemed to master techne in combination with episteme during the first three teaching practices. During the conversation teaching practice, the child health nurses rarely succeeded. Consequently, they missed opportunities to identify mothers' expressed concerns and to act in the best interests of both the mothers and their infants by the use of phronesis. In health care, however, theoretical episteme is superordinate to productive knowledge or phronesis, which also became evident in this study. Nevertheless, more interactive pedagogical practices are needed if more use of phronesis is to become a reality in parent education groups.

Variability and heterogeneity of seeds: theory and practice (review)

The practice of application of terms characterizing the phenomenon of variability and heterogeneity of seeds, fruits and diasporas is given. The ambiguity and inconsistency of some of them is shown. The methods of systematization and typification of seeds of different quality, based on the features and nature of the manifestation of variability of seed characteristics and causes of their causes, are considered. The main directions of practical use of knowledge about seed polymorphism, including to increase seed productivity and optimize the variability of seed parameters in the growing process, are shown. The principles of evaluation and selection of aligned fractions by morphological features correlated with high sowing and productive qualities in the process of seed refinement in the post-harvest period are presented. The morphological and anatomical causes of defects and injuries in the process of drying and processing of seeds as specific indicators of different quality are considered. The use of dispersion analysis to identify the contribution of hereditary, environmental and matrix factors in the variability of morphological characteristics of seeds, including the length of the embryo, is discussed. The features of the signs of abnormal variability of seeds, which have an obvious and hidden nature of manifestation, are shown. Methods of selection improvement of morfometric parameters, physiological, biochemical and productive properties of seeds as methods of cardinal improvement of quality of seeds are discussed.

ІНТЕГРОВАНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ВІДБОРУ ЗМІСТУ ШКІЛЬНИХ ПІДРУЧНИКІВ З МАТЕМАТИКИ

It is substantiated that the integrated approach to the selection of the content of school mathematics textbooks contributes to the effective mathematical training of students, sufficient for successful study of other school subjects, the use of mathematics in life situations, various areas of future professional activity. The realization of this approach involves taking into account the peculiarities of educational activities of the modern students (focus on the practical use of knowledge, lack of desire to master the material without realizing its need for successful livelihoods, to process textbook texts if they are large, not enough structured and interconnected). Methodological techniques for the implementation of the integrated approach to the selection of content are given, in particular: consolidation of educational material (not to delay the study of analogical, similar, interconnected concepts, mutually inverse statements, theorems, functions, operations, etc.); study of concepts, statements, formulas, methods of activity taking into account the content and methodological lines of presentation of the educational material; grouping tasks with a focus on their application in practice; strengthening the links between algebra and geometry (the use of geometric methods and images in algebra and analytical interpretation of geometric facts, etc.). It is grounded the expediency of creating an integrated textbook on mathematics at the standard level by introducing generalizing concepts of modern mathematics, which allow from a single scientific position to interpret the basic algebraic and geometric concepts. Methodology of the integrated approach at the interdisciplinary level: mathematics and other subjects (physics, chemistry, biology, geography, art, etc.), mathematics and fields of activity (engineering, technology, production, economics, medicine, ecology, etc.) — should include the selection of those typical practical situations for which these mathematical models are most often used. It is recommended to first identify the magnitudes of practical situations and formulas for their calculation, and then solve the corresponding simple problems of practical content.

The readiness of restorative dentistry departments for the implementation of modern technologies

The study showed the presence of negative dynamics in the provision of population with orthopedic dentists and dental technicians, as well as a decrease in the staffing of medical organizations with these specialists. The fact of exceeding the basic rate of loss of dental technicians over the same indicator for dentists-orthopedists by 2 times was established. The possibility of increasing the availability of personnel by combining positions is revealed, since the coefficient of concurrency among dentists-orthopedists and dental technicians is less than the average for the specialty. The trends of decreasing interest of specialists in obtaining qualification categories are noted. According to the survey of 305 specialists, a model of the most probable structural «profile» of a dentist-orthopedist was created and the characteristic features of the learning processes and practical use of knowledge on the main new technologies in orthopedic dentistry were determined. The data obtained in the course of the study indicate that there are limited opportunities to improve the availability and quality of dental orthopedic care and the introduction of new prosthetics technologies.

The Histochemical Alterations of Mucin in Colorectal Carcinoma Quantified by Two Efficient Algorithms of Digital Image Analysis.

The practical use of knowledge on the diagnostic-prognostic role of polysaccharide components of mucins in colorectal cancer (CRC) has been difficult, due to the number of histochemical (HC) reaction types, as well as lack of standard methods of computer-assisted analysis of tissue expression of these molecules. Using two algorithms of digital image analysis (by application of Image-Pro Premier and our originally designed program Filter HSV), we evaluated the expression of polysaccharides in tissue samples of CRC patients (n = 33), and fragments of normal colorectal tissue from the same patients (control) using periodic acid Schiff reaction (PAS) (neutral mucins) and alcian blue staining (AB) (acidic mucins). Our results indicate lower expression of the PAS+ and AB+ mucins in CRC, as compared to the control samples. The higher expression of PAS+ polysaccharides was detected in flat tumors than in protruded CRC, while higher AB+ mucins expression was a feature of mucinous CRC subtypes. Positive correlation between mutual PAS+ and AB+ expression, as well as correlations with glucose concentration (PAS+ mucins), and hemoglobin level (AB+ mucins) were observed exclusively in unchanged colorectal samples (control). Both algorithms of digital image analysis (smart segmentation and Filter HSV) work properly and can be used interchangeably in daily practice of pathologists, as useful tools of quantitative evaluation of HC reaction in both normal and cancerous tissues.