Use Of Positive Coping Strategies Research Articles

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROLE CAPTIVITY, COPING STRATEGIE,S AND DEMENTIA FAMILY CAREGIVER MENTAL HEALTH

Abstract Informal caregivers of individuals living with dementia have an increased risk for experiencing depressive and anxiety symptoms. The stress-process model posits that situational stressors and stress moderators, such as role captivity and coping strategies, predict worse mental health outcomes; however, relatively little is known about the relationship between role captivity and specific coping strategies dementia caregivers use to manage caregiving-related stress. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between role captivity, coping strategies, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. A preliminary analysis was conducted on a sample of community-dwelling family caregivers (N=30) from an ongoing national study on daily caregiving experiences. Data were analyzed using regression analysis. Dementia family caregivers reported moderate anxiety symptoms, measured by the GAD-7 (M= 11.86, SD= 4.39) and moderate depressive symptoms, measured by the CESD, (M=19.59, SD= 12.67). The sample’s mean age was 54.7 years old and 76.7% female. Role captivity was positively associated with depression (β=2.98, t(28) = 3.94, p< 0.001) and anxiety (β= 0.92, t(28) = 3.31, p< 0.01) among dementia caregivers. Avoidant coping was positively associated role captivity (β=0.31, t(28) = 4.27, p< 0.001). The results of this study suggest role captivity is associated with an increase in depression and anxiety among dementia caregivers. Further, avoidant coping is associated with an increase in role captivity reported by caregivers. The findings from this study support the benefit of interventions that help dementia family caregivers in their role and promote the use of positive coping strategies.

Assimilating Problematic Experiences through Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in Adolescence with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Case Study

Introduction: Social anxiety is common among adolescents, and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based intervention. We present a case of a 17-year-old girl, called Z, who was diagnosed with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and undergone CBT. Z presented with school refusal and social avoidance due to excessive negative thoughts about herself and others thinking badly of her. Methods: A brief psychoeducational-based CBT was conducted over 10 weekly sessions with the emphasis on psychoeducation, behavioural and cognitive skills training, and practices at home, as well as reflective discussion to modify negative beliefs, increase the use of positive coping strategies, and understanding of problematic experiences. Pre-intervention scores were compared to mid and post-intervention using Beck Youth Inventory (BYI) and Assimilation of Problematic Experiences Scales (APES). Outcomes: Pre-intervention BYI scores revealed an extremely elevated level of anxiety and depression symptoms, anger, and disruptive behaviours, with a much lower-than-average level of self-concept. APES revealed a score of 1/7 at the pre-intervention phase. Towards the end of the session, Z reported significantly reduced scores in anxiety, depression, and anger symptoms. The scores on the APES demonstrated an increased awareness, understanding and clarification towards her problematic experience, as well as application of her understanding in problem-solving efforts. Conclusion: It is apparent that CBT has a positive effect in adolescents with social anxiety.

Coping with Workplace Bullying: Strategies Employed by Nurses in the Healthcare Setting

Purpose. As regards nursing professionals, workplace bullying is characterized by a set of repeated and banalized negative behaviors carried out by the aggressors that have more power than victims. Such behaviors adversely affect both the victims and the healthcare institutions where the events occur. Upon repeated exposure to workplace bullying, the victims use coping strategies to modify their work environment and adapt to the aggressor, as they try to reduce the discomfort caused by the bullying behavior. The present work aims to describe the psychometric characteristics of the NAQ-R (Negative Act Questionnaire-Revised) and COPE (COPE Inventory) assessment instruments. In addition, it aims to assess the coping strategies employed by nurses who were victims of workplace bullying. Methods. This study is quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional in nature. Data were collected through a digital survey which consisted of sociodemographic and professional components. The NAQ-R and COPE scales were used to evaluate these components. The study included a total of 2015 Portuguese nurses in the sample. Results. Talking to coworkers and confronting the aggressors were the main strategies adopted by nurses who experienced bullying behaviors at work. Also, based on the first and third evaluation criteria, nurses who faced workplace bullying presented a higher average value of “support seeking” and “substance use” and resorted more to “evasion” when compared to those who had not been bullied. Based on the second assessment criterion, nurses who endured workplace bullying resorted more to “evasion” and “substance use” and exhibited less “acceptance.” Conclusions. When confronted with workplace bullying, nurses predominantly chose negative coping strategies and, in their majority, nurses had not received training on that topic. In this regard, nurses’ training is considered important, so as to encourage the use of positive coping strategies that minimize the negative effects of the phenomenon.

A qualitative study on hope in iranian end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis

BackgroundEnd Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis are faced with serious problems in their lives. Hope, as a multifaceted factor, plays a critical role in these patients’ lives. Given the multifaceted process of hope, this study aimed to describe hope and identify the challenges, strategies, and outcomes of hope in Iranian ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis.MethodsThis is a qualitative study using content analysis. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected using deep, semi-structured interviews with 14 participants; it continued until reaching data saturation. Graneheim and Lundman content analysis approach was used to analyze the data.ResultsFive main categories and twenty-two subcategories emerged; the categories consisted of (1) Hope described as a particular event to happen, (2) Opportunities and threats to achieve hope, (3) Negative emotions as barriers to achieve hope, (4) Positive coping strategies to achieve hope, and (5) Growth and excellence as the outcomes of hope.ConclusionsBased on the findings, ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis described hope as a positive feeling of expectation and desire for a special thing to happen. They faced threats and opportunities to achieve hope, which exposed them to negative emotions as barriers of hope. Thus, they make use of positive coping strategies to achieve hope. Moreover, hope led to growth and excellence. Through awareness of hope, definition and strategies to achieve it, and teaching them, physicians and nurses working in hemodialysis wards can enhance hope in patients.

Dyadic coping strategies and quality of care experience: An original study of patients living with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers

Background and objectiveMultiple sclerosis has a major impact on the lives of patients and their caregivers. Measuring their experience is essential for improving the quality of care. Based on a sample of patient–informal caregiver dyads we examine whether coping strategies they implemented influenced their self-experience of quality of care. MethodsOne hundred and eighty three dyads were involved in this cross-sectional study. Self reported data included experience with the quality of care (Musicare) and coping strategies (Brief Cope) for patients and their caregivers. An actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) analysis was performed to assess the dyadic effects of coping strategies on experience of quality of care. ResultsPositive coping strategies were the most used by patients and caregivers alike. They were associated with a better experience of relationships with healthcare professionals, information about the disease and patient reception at the sites providing care. APIM analyses confirmed most of these results and identified one “partner” effect. ConclusionThe experience of the quality of the care of patients living with MS is related to the use of positive coping strategies.

Exploring the Impact of Emotional and Cognitive Factors on Anxiety Symptoms of Chinese Adolescents: a Serial Mediation Study.

The onset age of anxiety is decreasing worldwide, yet the majority of the study conducted on anxiety were focused on adult populations. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of psychological capital and coping style tendency on the relationship between emotional intelligence and anxiety in Chinese adolescents and provide empirical evidence for research and prevention. A cross-sectional study recruited 5747 participants from 5 randomly selected middle schools in the northeast China. Study results showed that high emotional intelligence (P < 0.05), high level of psychological capital (P < 0.05), and positive coping style tendency (P < 0.05) were correlated to lower level of anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Psychological capital and coping style tendency performed partial and serial mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and anxiety. Teaching adolescents how to regulate emotions can strengthens their positive mentalities, promotes the use of positive coping strategies, and then attenuates the severity of anxiety symptoms in a nonadditive manner.

Linking University Students' Mindfulness to Positive Adjustment Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: a 6-month Cross-Lagged Panel Design.

In the face of a global pandemic, research on wellness-fostering resources is urgently needed, especially with longitudinal designs and diverse samples. According to the mindfulness-to-meaning theory and broaden-and-build theory, this study examined the reciprocal associations among a group of Chinese university students' trait mindfulness, positive and negative affect, and use of positive coping strategies, including positive reappraisal, planning, and seeking of emotional support during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 247 Hong Kong university students (M age = 20.96, SD = 2.38; female = 86%) who completed survey measures of mindfulness, positive and negative affect, and positive coping strategies at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Data were analysed using a cross-lagged panel design, controlling for participants' age. The proposed reciprocal model exhibited an excellent fit with the data. There was a reciprocal association between trait mindfulness and positive affect over time. However, no significant reciprocal effect was found among mindfulness, negative affect, and positive coping strategies. Theoretically, the current findings extended the two theories to a non-Western population during a critical time and suggested a long-term reciprocal association between positive affect and mindfulness. Our study provided important insight into university students' positive well-being during COVID-19 and demonstrated the wellness-fostering effect of mindfulness.

Parental Attachment and Satisfaction With Social Life: The Mediating Role of Gelotophobia.

The aim of the present study was to investigate how gelotophobia is related to secure parental attachment, the degree of satisfaction with social life and coping strategies in a non-clinical sample of young Spanish adults. the sample consisted of 306 young Spanish adults (M= 21.4 years; SD= 2.27; 67.6% women). The relationships between the study variables were analysed and a mediation model was tested in which gelotophobia (M) mediated the relationship between secure parental attachment (IV) and the level of satisfaction with social life (DV). a satisfactory social life was related with low levels of gelotophobia and high levels of secure attachment to the father, as well as with the use of positive coping strategies of control and social support. Secure attachment to the father was positively associated with coping strategies focused on seeking social support and negatively associated with gelotophobia. High levels of secure attachment to the father are related to higher life satisfaction mediated by low levels of gelotophobia.

Post-traumatic Growth and Psychological Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Serial Mediation Model.

Although the World Health Organization (WHO) has issued guidelines for managing to contain, mitigate, and limit of the COVID-19. However, it is more essential to highlight the urgency and importance of evaluating social functioning and mental health status during the pandemic. College students have experienced serious problems and have had to overcome many negative situations brought about by the pandemic. Accordingly, the present study intended to use Chinese college students as sample to examine the positive adoption and changes during the ongoing COVID-19. Guided by literatures in this filed, we explored the internal mechanism of post-traumatic growth affecting psychological resilience, and considered about mediation roles of positive coping styles and cognitive reappraisal. A total of 463 college students from universities in China effectively completed online questionnaires. The result indicated that these four variables were positively correlated with each other (ps < 0.001). More importantly, our findings proved a direct and positive effect on psychological resilience. Positive coping styles and cognitive reappraisal, respectively, mediated the relationship between post-traumatic growth and psychological resilience. Over all, the hypothesized serial model conclusively fits the data: students with high-level post-traumatic growth tended to report increased use of positive coping strategies, which further facilitated their cognitive reappraisal, and subsequently, promoted their psychological resilience. The findings obtained in this study will provide a theoretical basis and possible viable strategies for both targeted crisis intervention and psychological trauma recovery plans.

Coping with COVID-19: Longitudinal Impact of the Pandemic on Adjustment and Links with Coping for Adolescents with and without ADHD.

Understanding factors that foster resilience and buffer against the negative psychological impact of COVID-19 is critical to inform efforts to promote adjustment, reduce risk, and improve care, particularly for adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. This prospective longitudinal study addresses this gap by investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents’ mental health and substance use, and by assessing specific positive coping strategies among adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using multi-group autoregressive cross-lagged path models, the present study explored the reciprocal influence of positive coping behaviors on multiple adjustment outcomes including mental health symptoms, substance use, stress, and worry. Participants included 238 adolescents (132 male participants; ages 15–17; 118 with ADHD). Parents provided ratings of adolescent routines, and adolescents provided ratings of coping behaviors and psychological adjustment in spring (May/June), summer (July/August), and fall (October/November) 2020. All models included the effects of adjustment at the prior timepoint as well as relevant covariates including adolescent race, ethnicity, sex, medication status, and family income. Adolescents with ADHD were at greater risk for experiencing increases in mental health symptoms and substance use throughout the pandemic, relative to adolescents without ADHD. The use of positive coping strategies and adolescent routines buffered against increases in substance use and mental health problems for adolescents with ADHD. These findings have important clinical and public policy relevance for parents, schools, and employers who may aim to prioritize keeping schedules as consistent as possible to promote healthy adjustment.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10802-021-00857-2.

96 Relation of Coping Strategies to Social Functioning and Self-Concept in Pediatric Burn Survivors

Abstract Introduction Burn survivors can experience challenges in social functioning (e.g., bullying, stigmatization) and self-concept (e.g., body image concerns). Use of coping strategies is associated with engagement in social supports and positive self-concept in pediatric oncology and physical injury populations; however, their relation has not been examined in pediatric burn survivors. This study aims to explore coping as it relates to social functioning and self-concept in these youth. Methods Fifty-one pediatric burn survivors aged 7–17 years (M=12.53; SD=2.68), and their primary caregiver participated. Youth and caregivers completed questionnaires, including the Child Coping Strategies Checklist (CCSC; youth report); the Burn Injury Social Questionnaire (BISQ; parent &amp; youth report; higher scores = more social problems); and the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale-2 (PH-2; youth report). Associations between the BISQ, coping strategies (Active, Avoidance, Distraction, Support), self-concept, yearly family income, and burn injury characteristics (e.g., total body surface area; TBSA, participant grafting) were examined via bivariate correlations. Hierarchical linear regression was used to examine whether coping strategies (with significant bivariate correlations) predicted BISQ and PH-2 scores above and beyond burn injury and demographic variables. Three hierarchical regression models were run, one each for parent- and youth-report BISQ and youth-report PH-2 scores. Results Our sample is predominantly male (62.7%) and Caucasian (82.4%) with average TBSA of 8.74% (SD=11.02). Parent- and youth-reports on the BISQ were positively correlated with TBSA (r=.61 and .37, respectively) and negatively correlated with family income (r=-.37 and -.36, respectively). Parents of youth who had a skin graft reported higher BISQ scores (rho=.34). Distraction coping was significantly associated with youth-reported BISQ scores (r=-.31); no coping strategies were correlated with parent-report BISQ scores. In regression models, TBSA significantly predicted of parent-report BISQ (B=.27, p&amp;lt; .001). Higher family income (B=-.40, p=.04) and greater distraction coping (B=-3.41, p=.004) significantly predicted better youth-report BISQ scores. Greater active coping significantly predicted better self-concept (B=6.21, p=.01). Conclusions Results suggest that use of positive coping strategies relates to better youth-reported social functioning and youth-reported self-concept after burn injury in addition to injury characteristics and socioeconomic variables.

Mental Health Literacy of Youth That Have a Family Member With a Mental Illness: Outcomes From a New Program and Scale

A program evaluation examined mental health literacy levels and coping outcomes for youth (ages 10–16), before and at the end of their participation in a manualized, school-based mental health literacy program called Youth Education and Support (YES). Most of the youth reportedly had a parent or other family member with a mental health disorder such as depression, anxiety, and/or substance abuse. The mental health literacy levels of program participants from pre to post were evaluated with the developing Knowledge of Mental Illness and Recovery (K-MIR) scale. This scale was validated using item-response theory, demonstrating good psychometric properties. Youth answered two coping questions about their use of positive coping during the program and coping skills compared from pre to post intervention. Findings revealed that youth levels of mental health literacy increased significantly from pre to post program participation. Over 90% of the youth reported an improved use of positive coping strategies from pre to post intervention. The program appeared to deliver enhanced levels of literacy and coping for this sample of youth. The scale appeared to be appropriate to measure youth mental health literacy. Recommendations for practice, policy, and research are offered.

Perceived Stress, Stressors, and Coping Mechanisms Among PGY1 Pharmacy Residents

Objective. To evaluate perceived stress among postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) pharmacy residents and to examine relationships between perceived stress and certain demographic variables. Main stressors during residency training and coping mechanisms used were also determined. Methods. A link to a web-based survey was sent to 1128 pharmacy residency program directors who were asked to forward it to current PGY1 residents in their programs. The 22-item questionnaire included the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), demographic information, number of working/sleeping hours, and major stressors and coping mechanisms. Results. There were 505 responses collected from PGY1 residents of community pharmacy, managed care, and pharmacy practice residency programs across the US. Females reported higher PSS-10 scores than males. Perceived stress scores were similar across age groups. Single residents and married residents exhibited similar PSS-10 scores. Residents with children had higher stress score compared to residents without children. Perceived stress scores were similar across types of PGY1 residency programs. A higher number of working hours was associated with a higher PSS-10 score. Time pressures, work overload, and fear of error were the top stressors reported. Spending time with family and friends, staying optimistic, and engaging in enjoyable activities were the top coping strategies employed by participants. Conclusion. Female gender, having children, working longer working hours, and desire to change residency program were associated with higher PSS-10 scores. Approximately a third of the participants associated perceived stress with activities related to residency training (time pressures, workload, fear of errors) and report the use of positive coping strategies to deal with stress.

Mindfulness-based stress reduction for family carers of people with dementia.

Caring for people with dementia is highly challenging, and family carers are recognised as being at increased risk of physical and mental ill-health. Most current interventions have limited success in reducing stress among carers of people with dementia. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) draws on a range of practices and may be a promising approach to helping carers of people with dementia. To assess the effectiveness of MBSR in reducing the stress of family carers of people with dementia. We searched ALOIS - the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's Specialized Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (all years to Issue 9 of 12, 2017), MEDLINE (Ovid SP 1950 to September 2017), Embase (Ovid SP 1974 to Sepetmber 2017), Web of Science (ISI Web of Science 1945 to September 2017), PsycINFO (Ovid SP 1806 to September 2017), CINAHL (all dates to September 2017), LILACS (all dates to September 2017), World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), ClinicalTrials.gov, and Dissertation Abstracts International (DAI) up to 6 September 2017, with no language restrictions. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of MBSR for family carers of people with dementia. Two review authors independently screened references for inclusion criteria, extracted data, assessed the risk of bias of trials with the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool, and evaluated the quality of the evidence using the GRADE instrument. We contacted study authors for additional information, then conducted meta-analyses, or reported results narratively in the case of insufficient data. We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We included five RCTs involving 201 carers assessing the effectiveness of MBSR. Controls used in included studies varied in structure and content. Mindfulness-based stress reduction programmes were compared with either active controls (those matched for time and attention with MBSR, i.e. education, social support, or progressive muscle relaxation), or inactive controls (those not matched for time and attention with MBSR, i.e. self help education or respite care). One trial used both active and inactive comparisons with MBSR. All studies were at high risk of bias in terms of blinding of outcome assessment. Most studies provided no information about selective reporting, incomplete outcome data, or allocation concealment.1. Compared with active controls, MBSR may reduce depressive symptoms of carers at the end of the intervention (3 trials, 135 participants; standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.98 to -0.28; P<0.001; low-quality evidence). We could not be certain of any effect on clinically significant depressive symptoms (very low-quality evidence).Mindfulness-based stress reduction compared with active control may decrease carer anxiety at the end of the intervention (1 trial, 78 participants; mean difference (MD) -7.50, 95% CI -13.11 to -1.89; P<0.001; low-quality evidence) and may slightly increase carer burden (3 trials, 135 participants; SMD 0.24, 95% CI -0.11 to 0.58; P=0.18; low-quality evidence), although both results were imprecise, and we could not exclude little or no effect. Due to the very low quality of the evidence, we could not be sure of any effect on carers' coping style, nor could we determine whether carers were more or less likely to drop out of treatment.2. Compared with inactive controls, MBSR showed no clear evidence of any effect on depressive symptoms (2 trials, 50 participants; MD -1.97, 95% CI -6.89 to 2.95; P=0.43; low-quality evidence). We could not be certain of any effect on clinically significant depressive symptoms (very low-quality evidence).In this comparison, MBSR may also reduce carer anxiety at the end of the intervention (1 trial, 33 participants; MD -7.27, 95% CI -14.92 to 0.38; P=0.06; low-quality evidence), although we were unable to exclude little or no effect. Due to the very low quality of the evidence, we could not be certain of any effects of MBSR on carer burden, the use of positive coping strategies, or dropout rates.We found no studies that looked at quality of life of carers or care-recipients, or institutionalisation.Only one included study reported on adverse events, noting a single adverse event related to yoga practices at home AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: After accounting for non-specific effects of the intervention (i.e. comparing it with an active control), low-quality evidence suggests that MBSR may reduce carers' depressive symptoms and anxiety, at least in the short term.There are significant limitations to the evidence base on MBSR in this population. Our GRADE assessment of the evidence was low to very low quality. We downgraded the quality of the evidence primarily because of high risk of detection or performance bias, and imprecision.In conclusion, MBSR has the potential to meet some important needs of the carer, but more high-quality studies in this field are needed to confirm its efficacy.

Coping strategies and quality of life in Mexican multiple sclerosis patients: Physical, psychological and social factors relationship

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the principal causes of non-traumatic neurological disability among young adults. The unpredictable and progressive evolution of multiple sclerosis is associated with a decline in physical and psychological health, affecting quality of life, which may be influenced by additional physical and psycho-social factors. ObjectiveThe present investigation aims to evaluate the quality of life (QoL), use of coping strategies and their relationship with other physical and psycho-social factors among 26 Mexican persons with MS. MethodsEight questionnaires were administrated for evaluation of the additional psycho-social and physical factors, including quality of life, coping strategies, social support system, family functionality, depression and anxiety prevalence. ResultsResults showed that the use of positive coping strategies (84.6% of our population) improve QoL perception (r = 0.396, p = 0.045) and the following domains: physical health (r = 0.514, p = 0.009), psychological health (r = 0.516, p = 0.008), social relationships (r = 0.654, p = 0.000) and environment (r = 0.600, p = 0.002). Negative correlations were observed between QoL and the presence of symptoms of both depression (r = −0.557, p = 0.003) and anxiety (r = −0.517, p = 0.007). A multiple linear regression model showed that QoL can be explained by physical and psycho-social factor in 54.6% of the cases that were evaluated. ConclusionThe use of positive coping strategies in conjunction with a suitable psycho-social environment and good physical health result in a better perception of QoL in Mexican patients living with MS. Still, the negative factors are ineffectively diagnosed and hence generally under treated in medical MS monitoring. An interdisciplinary evaluation will provide the adequate tools to confront the diagnosis and the uncertainty of multiple sclerosis evolution, benefiting the QoL of Mexican patients with MS.

HIV Stigma and Its Relation to Mental, Physical and Social Health Among Black Women Living with HIV/AIDS.

Black women living with HIV/AIDS (LWHA) are a subgroup with the highest growing rates of HIV infection in the United States. Stigma and co-occurring mental and physical health problems have been reported among Black women LWHA, and research on the benefits of social and religious support, often major protective factors among Black women, has been met with mixed findings. The current study examined the relation between anticipated HIV stigma and mental and physical health symptoms and risk and protective factors (discrimination, coping, social support) among Black women LWHA (N=220). Results showed that greater anticipated stigma was significantly related to poorer mental health status, greater discrimination, and greater use of negative coping strategies. Stigma was not related to physical health, perceived social support or use of positive coping strategies. This study lends support to the need for psychosocial interventions that reduce anticipated stigma among individuals LWHA, particularly Black women LWHA.

Occupational Therapy for the Head and Neck Cancer Patient.

Occupational therapy is a health profession concerned with promoting health and well-being through occupation. A diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) often invokes fear and anxiety because of the potential negative impact of the diagnosis and/or treatment on lifestyle and well-being. Occupational therapists perform a unique and important role in addressing quality of life concerns for HNC patients through applied expertise in lifestyle management, facilitating the use of positive coping strategies and daily routine management. Occupational therapy concurrently assists HNC patients to effectively manage the debilitating stress and anxiety associated with HNC diagnosis, treatment, and recovery while facilitating a return to prior or adapted daily routines.

Quality of life and coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder in maintenance therapy - a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundThe quality of life (QoL) is a multidimensional view that represents all aspects of patient well-being in various areas of patient life. Specific coping strategies may be connected to both the QoL and the severity of mental disorder. The aim of this investigation was to examine the relationship between the QoL and the coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder.MethodsEighty-two outpatients, who met the criteria of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, for a depressive disorder, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from the medical records. Individuals filled the following standardized questionnaires: Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire, Stress Coping Style Questionnaire, and Clinical Global Impression. Multiple regression analyses with backward elimination were performed to discover the most influential factors contributing to QoL.ResultsThe participants with a depressive disorder showed an overuse of negative coping strategies, especially escape tendency and resignation. A positive self-instruction strategy was used by the patients less often. The coping strategies were significantly associated with the QoL. A more frequent use of positive coping strategies had a positive association with the QoL. The main factors related to QoL were the subjective severity of the disorder, employment, and positive coping strategies.ConclusionThe study confirmed the relationship between QoL and the coping strategies of outpatients with a depressive disorder.

Appreciating Complexity in Adolescent Self-Harm Risk Factors: Psychological Profiling in a Longitudinal Community Sample.

Past research identifies a number of risk factors for adolescent self-harm, but often fails to account for overlap between these factors. This study investigated the underlying, broader concepts by identifying different psychological profiles among adolescents. We then compared new self-harm rates over a six-month period across different psychological profiles. Australian high school students (n = 326, 68.1% female) completed a questionnaire including a broad range of psychological and socioenvironmental risk and protective factors. Non-hierarchical cluster analysis produced six groups with different psychological profiles at baseline and rate of new self-harm at follow-up. The lowest rate was 1.4% in a group that appeared psychologically healthy; the highest rate was 37.5% in a group that displayed numerous psychological difficulties. Four groups with average self-harm had varied psychological profiles including low impulsivity, anxiety, impulsivity, and poor use of positive coping strategies. Identifying multiple profiles with distinct psychological characteristics can improve detection, guide prevention, and tailor treatment.

Connection between coping strategies and quality of life in outpatient with depression – cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe quality of life is a multidimensional phenomenon which represents all aspects of patient's well-being and various areas of the patient's life. Specific coping strategies may be connected with the quality of life and also with the severity of the disorder. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the coping strategies and quality of life in outpatients with depressive disorder.MethodsEighty-two outpatients, who met ICD-10 criteria for depressive disorders, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded. Individuals with depression filled out the standardized measures: The Stress Coping Style Questionnaire (SVF-78), The Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), and The Clinical Global Impression (CGI).ResultsThe patients overuse negative coping strategies, especially, escape tendency and resignation. Using of positive coping is in average level (the strategy Positive self-instruction is little used). Coping strategies are significantly associated with quality of life. Higher using of positive coping has a positive association with QoL. The main factors related to QoL are the subjective severity of the disorder, employment and positive coping strategies according to regression analysis.ConclusionsThis study revealed the connection between coping strategies and quality of life in patients with depressive disorders. Strengthening the use of positive coping strategies may have a positive effect on the quality of life, mental conditions and treatment of patients with depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.