Use Of Phase Transfer Catalysis Research Articles

Processes for Electrochemical Production of Electrolyte-free Hydrogen Peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is the focus of growing attention for distributed manufacturing, reflecting its decentralized applications and shipping hazards. Two recent reports, one in Science by Wang and colleaugues and one in this issue of Joule by Surendranath, Hatton, and colleaugues, introduce innovative electrochemical methods to produce electrolyte-free aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide.

Development of a Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed, [2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement.

An investigation into the use of phase-transfer catalysis for the [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of allyloxy carbonyl compounds is described. Initial studies focused on identifying viable substrate classes that would undergo selective [2,3]-rearrangement under phase-transfer catalysis. Under certain conditions, the [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of allyloxy carbonyl compounds takes place in the presence of a phase-transfer agent, providing a rare example of a phase-transfer-catalyzed unimolecular reaction. In the course of this investigation, it was found that catalysis is dependent on several variables including base concentration, catalyst structure, and substrate lipophilicity. Preliminary testing of chiral, nonracemic phase-transfer catalysts has shown promising levels of enantioselectivity for future development.

ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Phase Alkylation of Phenols Making Use of Phase Transfer Catalysis and Microwave Irradiation.

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Heterogeneous Phase Alkylation of Phenols Making Use of Phase Transfer Catalysis and Microwave Irradiation

Heterogeneous Phase Alkylation of Phenols Making Use of Phase Transfer Catalysis and Microwave Irradiation

Determination of Fatty Acid Based Lubricity Improver in Diesel by GC

GC/FID has been used for the determination of a fatty acid based lubricity improver in diesel fuel. The method makes use of phase transfer catalysis for the enrichment of the lubricity improver from the diesel matrix. The use of phase transfer catalysis for the simultaneous extraction, preconcentration and derivatisation of the fatty acids enables determination of concentrations of 20 mg L−1. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of diesel streams from various sources. The effect of the diesel matrix has also been investigated and it does not affect the recovery of the additive.

An easy entry to optically active α-amino phosphonic acid derivatives using phase-transfer catalysis (PTC)

The unprecedented use of phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) in an asymmetric hydrophosphonylation reaction allows the obtainment of a range of optically active alpha-amino phosphonic acid derivatives directly from alpha-amido sulfones.

A kinetic study of thioether synthesis under influence of ultrasound assisted phase-transfer catalysis conditions

Alkyl bromides afford the corresponding sulfide derivatives upon treatment with aqueous sodium sulfide under phase-transfer catalysts (PTC) and ultrasound irradiation conditions. The use of phase-transfer catalysis and sonochemistry has been compared and demonstrated in these nucleophilic substitution reactions. The kinetics of the reaction depends on the effect of amount of catalyst, agitation speed, quaternary ammonium salts, amount of sodium sulfide, amount of sodium hydroxide, organic solvents, temperature and the frequency of the ultrasound waves on the conversion of alkyl bromides were investigated in detail. A kinetic model was built from which a pseudo-first order rate law is sufficient to describe the behavior of the reaction. The observed peculiar phenomena were also explained satisfactorily.

Phase‐Transfer Catalysis in Alkylation of Ureas Containing Cage‐Like Fragments.

ChemInformVolume 36, Issue 14 Isocyclic Compounds Phase-Transfer Catalysis in Alkylation of Ureas Containing Cage-Like Fragments. L. I. Kas'yan, L. I. Kas'yan Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this authorE. A. Golodaeva, E. A. Golodaeva Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this authorV. A. Bakumov, V. A. Bakumov Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this authorA. O. Kas'yan, A. O. Kas'yan Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this author L. I. Kas'yan, L. I. Kas'yan Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this authorE. A. Golodaeva, E. A. Golodaeva Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this authorV. A. Bakumov, V. A. Bakumov Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this authorA. O. Kas'yan, A. O. Kas'yan Dnepropetrovsk State Univ., Dnepropetrovsk 320625, UkraineSearch for more papers by this author First published: 09 March 2005 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.200514093Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume36, Issue14April 5, 2005 RelatedInformation

Phase-transfer Catalysis in Alkylation of Ureas Containing Cage-like Fragments

Nitrogen-containing compounds with cage-like fragments of norbornene, norbornane, and adamantane exhibit antiviral [1] and neurotropic [2] activity and thus are promising models for investigation of relations between the biological activity and the structure and stereochemistry of molecules. In the recent years the synthesis of these compounds is currently performed with the use of phase-transfer catalysis which plays a significant part in reactions with high sterical requirements to attacking reagents. Methods were developed for arylsulfonylation of amines [3], of alkylation and acylation of sulfonamides from the norbornene series [4].

Synthesis of (poly)alkoxymethylphosphine oxides by classical and phase transfer catalyzed Williamson reactions

(Poly)alkoxymethylphosphine oxides were synthesized by the Williamson reaction starting from (poly)hydroxymethyl or (poly)chloromethyl-phosphine oxides. For the first time, the use of phase transfer catalysis for the synthesis of (O)PCOC bridges is demonstrated.© 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 10: 307–311, 1999

Synthesis, characterisation and X-ray diffraction studies of new lower rim calix[4]arene derivatives containing mixed donor atoms

New lower rim p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene derivatives containing tetrathiophene functional groups as well as derivatives with two different pendant arms alternately arranged, one of which is in all cases a methylsulfanyl substituent whilst the other is either a tertiary amine (aliphatic of alicyclic) or a methylthiophene or an amide substituent, have been synthesised and characterised by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy in chloroform at 298 K. The use of phase transfer catalysis in the synthesis of calixarene derivatives is discussed. X-Ray diffraction studies of 5,11,17,23-tetrakis-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-25,26,27,28-tetrakis-[2-(thienyl)methoxy]calix[4]arene 1a and 5,11,17,23-tetrakis-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-25,27-bis[(2-methylsulfanyl)ethoxy]-26,28-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]calix[4]arene 2b are reported.

Mathematical modeling of solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis

Use of phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) has been quite common in organic synthesis in the last two decades. However, there are very few publications on the modeling of PTC systems, particularly solid-liquid systems. The present research suggests a systematic procedure for modeling these reactions, which includes reaction both in the liquid and solid phases. The equations describing these models provide a rational basis for the scale-up of PTC reactions.

ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of 6‐N‐Acylated Adenosine Derivatives by the Use of Phase Transfer Catalysis.

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

Alkylation of 6-N-acylated adenosine derivatives by the use of phase transfer catalysis

6-N- or N1-Alkylation of 6-N-acyl adenosine derivatives with alkyl halides in CH2Cl2–1 mol dm–3 NaOH in the presence of Bu4NBr has been studied. A variety of N-acyl groups have been examined. Consequently, the use of the acetyl and 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbonyl groups resulted in the corresponding 6-N-alkylated products in high yields. It was also found that, when the benzoyl group was chosen as the N-acyl group, N1-alkylated products were obtained along with 6-N-alkylated products. The structure of the 6-N- and N1-alkylated adenosine derivatives has been determined by1H And13C NMR spectroscopy.

Stereocontrol in the Michael Reaction of Dimethyl Malonate with Alkyl 2-(1-Hydroxyalkyl)propenoates

Abstract In this paper we show that the stabilized carbanion dimethyl malonate adds to alkyl 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)propenoates under basic conditions. Side reactions, such as lactonization or elimination, may be reduced and/or completely avoided by the use of phase transfer catalysis. The high stereoselectivity associated with the additions discussed here was found to be under thermodynamic control.

ChemInform Abstract: Phase Transfer Oxidations with Hypochlorite: Scope and Mechanism.

AbstractThe use of phase transfer catalysis has been found to be an effective and convenient method for the oxidation of alcohols and amines.

The use of phase-transfer catalysis for the initiation of p-xylene oxidation

Quaternary onium salts act as phase-transfer agents for Br− and cobalt complexes during cobalt bromide catalyzed oxidation of p-xylene with molecular oxygen in p-xylene-water system.

Phase Transfer Oxidations with Hypochlorite: Scope and Mechanism

AbstractThe use of phase transfer catalysis (PTC), with catalytic amounts of lipophilic quaternary ammonium salts for the transfer of hypochlorite ion from aqueous to organic media, has been found to be an extremely effective and convenient method for the oxidation of many alcohols and amines. An interesting and unexpected specific solvent effect has also been discovered with the use of ethyl acetate which greatly expands the synthetic utility of this method. Both the synthetic scope and mechanistic aspects of these reactions are reported.

Phase transfer catalysis in the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. A review

This review covers new data on the use of phase transfer catalysis in the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. The following reactions are considered: alkylation, acylation, reactions with dihalocarbenes, preparations of ethers and esters, the formation of halo derivatives, oxidation and reduction, and isotope exchange. The advantages of phase transfer catalysis are examined and the prospects for its further development in heterocyclic chemistry are discussed.

The Use of Phase-Transfer Catalysis for the Synthesis of Phenyl and 8-Quinolinyl Ethers

The Use of Phase-Transfer Catalysis for the Synthesis of Phenyl and 8-Quinolinyl Ethers