Use Of New Information Research Articles

La diffusion des NTIC au sein du réseau urbain français et le rôle des acteurs publics

The study deals with the ways in which the general public and the government make use of new information and communication technologies. We analyze the physical locations of Internet sites with “fr” as their domain names. The data were provided by the French NIC center (AFNIC). Using this sample (a quarter of all French sites), we find a rather even distribution of French sites in the Paris area plus the other main French cities, and the remainder of France. In addition, we try to enumerate the initiatives of the public actors responsible for the regional planning of the new information and communication technologies. Firstly, we clarify the economic and legal framework in which public actors are obliged to work. Then, we describe the principal projects and the main motivations of the partners involved. In this case, the distribution is much less clear, because rural actors are sometimes more conscious than urban actors about the possibilities offered by new information and communication technologies.

Digital Denmark: from information society to network society

The Danish Government recently issued a new policy report, Digital Denmark, on the “conversion to a network society”, as a successor to its Information Society 2000 report (1994). This is part of a new round of information society policy vision statements that are, or will be forthcoming from national governments everywhere. Denmark provides an interesting case study because it ranks high in the benchmark indicators of information network society developments. This position has been obtained largely by public sector initiatives and without erosion of the highly reputed Scandinavian model for a welfare society. However, globalisation and the spreading use of new information and communication technologies and services challenge this position. This article examines Denmark's performance in implementing its IS 2000 plans, the background to the Digital Denmark report, and its implications for the next phase of information society development.

Institutionalising Technologies: Masculinities, Femininities, and the Heterosexual Economy of the IT Classroom

Geographers' renewed interest in institutions reflects traditional concerns with the way institutions can shape geographies and a more recent interest in the ways geographies are important in shaping institutions. In this paper the authors build on this second strand of work and are specifically concerned with children's use of new information and communications technologies in schools. The authors suggest that multilayered institutional cultures, which are shaped by official school policy, teacher practice, and pupil culture, are exceedingly important in shaping distinct cultures of computing in (and within) the case-study schools. The highly gendered character of these institutional cultures is reflected in the very different attitudes of male and female pupils to computers and in the patterns of use which generally favour boys rather than girls. These are negotiated through competing masculinities and femininities in the classroom context, gender identities which are played out through normative understandings of heterosexuality. The authors conclude that we may indeed characterise institutions as ‘precarious geographical achievements’, as suggested by Parr and Philo. Schools are embedded within wider places, are important sites for the negotiation of gender and sexual identities, and, as spaces, are in part shaped through our notions of gender and sexuality. This achievement is only precarious as institutions are not forever solidified in their current form but are open to change, both inadvertently and through the concerted actions of individuals.

USO DE TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO (TDICs) POR PROFESSORES DE BIOLOGIA DO ENSINO MÉDIO (ANTES) DURANTE E APÓS A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19

TDIC's is the abbreviation of the term Digital Information and Communication Technology. It refers to a set of integrated technological resources that provide the automation and communication of processes. TDIC's are already part of people's lives, whether in the professional or personal environment. The benefits brought by TDIC's in education are numerous, among them we can highlight the organization of the bureaucratic, financial and administrative part of schools, as well as the pedagogical part. The use of new information and communication technologies has enabled a new scenario for classrooms, causing significant impacts on teaching and learning, especially during the pandemic. This study was based on an integrative review to assess whether high school Biology teachers use TDIC'S in their classes. The entire review came from a search carried out in the Google Scholar and Scielo database, from 2019 to 2023. Student. Taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria adopted in this study, 11 articles were selected and analyzed. In the period of isolation during Covid-19, the use of TDICs was increasingly used in the school environment, as an alternative to promote teaching and student interaction. As for the difficulties faced by teachers with the use of TDIC's, it was found that many schools do not prepare their professionals to deal with technologies. Research has pointed out the difficulties of teachers in preparing and teaching classes remotely and the lack of ongoing or prior training on the subject. Regarding the students, the greatest difficulty was in relation to accessing a quality internet, a cell phone or a computer at home. Not all students had access to remote teaching due to economic factors, something that hindered and compromised the teaching of Biology in some public schools. With the isolation, it could be seen that the teacher-student interaction is a fundamental part of the teaching-learning process. Regarding the return to face-to-face classes, there are not many articles published about the use of DICTs by teachers. A broader study on the topic under study is necessary, although it is very relevant for dynamic and innovative teaching. More continuing training is needed with teachers, so that they can work with TDIC's. In addition, schools need to offer the necessary resources for the use of online classes and that students have free access to the internet both at school and at home. In this sense, it is necessary to rethink priorities in relation to investments in education by the public authorities, creating funds that guarantee quality education through the use of DICTs.

Where Eagles Dare: the Iron Age of Norfolk

A survey is presented of the Iron Age in Norfolk, the area containing the heartland of the tribal territory of the Iceni during the Late Iron Age. It makes use of new information from prolific artefact finds from recent excavations and fieldwork, and employing unpublished data from the county Sites and Monuments Record. Settlement evidence and artefact distributions are analysed and used to construct a model for the development of settlement from the Early Iron Age to the Boudican rebellion of AD 60–61. The model emphasises a process of continuous change, showing the population expanding, moving from west to east and finally onto the central claylands. Evidence for field monuments is reviewed, revealing regional groupings and an association between hillfort-type and rectangular enclosures and linear earthworks with strategic locations on the boundaries of better soils. Three zones are thus defined. Artefact types including tores, coins, coin hoards, and horse equipment also reveal distinct regional patterning. Some larger sites are identified as serving more than simple agricultural functions, playing a key role within and between the three defined zones. The importance of ritual and religion within Iron Age society is emphasised and is considered to underlie the deposition of artefacts and hoards around Snettisham and in the vicinity of the south Norfolk border; a practice later revived in the Romano-British period.

Use of New Information and Communication Technologies by UK Pressure Groups and the Developing World

Discusses the debate about whether or not the less developed countries of the world are going to be allowed greater access and control over their information. Looks at the results of a research project based on information gathering including appraisal of IT support services available and presents the main conclusions. Notes that it is not just the volume of people and groups using the new technologies in this field but the new ways and new applications to which the technology is being put that is so interesting.

Clinical features of osteoarthritis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, and hypermobility syndromes

In 1990, there were signs of a renewed interest in clinical studies about several aspects of osteoarthritis. The work-up of classic data and the use of new information from epidemiologic surveys as well as careful radiographic monitoring of selected groups of patients have brought us broader views on the general course of the condition. In addition, the biochemical disturbances underlying certain types of early degenerative arthritis that could help us to understand some of the mechanisms that may be operative in osteoarthritis have been disclosed. Finally, a few pieces of new information have been incorporated into the knowledge of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and the hypermobility syndrome.

Consensus on computers in education: do teachers, parents and pupils share the same expectations and attitudes towards computers?

Attitudes and expectations are important factors for the use of new information and communication technologies ( nict) in education. This study comprises three sets of data on attitudes towards nict, collected in 1990 from teachers ( N = 500), parents ( N = 800) and students in primary and lower secondary schools ( N = 2,100). The same basic set of questions is used in the different samples, with relevant modifications according to characteristics of the three different populations. The aims of this paper are (a) to study if teachers, parents and pupils share the same expectations and attitudes towards computers, and (b) eventually find some important factors influencing active use of computers in education. The study is part of a parallel survey of parents', students' and teachers' attitudes towards new facets and content of curriculum (home economics and computers) in primary and lower secondary education in Norway.

Computers in the child's home: Introducing tomorrow's crisis of elementary education?

Part one outlines the prerequisites to be considered for educational decision-making regarding the use of new information and communication technologies (NIT) in elementary education. It states briefly what may be called an overt challenge to education due to forceful economical and political demands for using computers in schools and then concentrates on changes to be expected in the future generations of children due to NIT environments. Part two proposes an indigenous approach of exploring new information and communication technologies for education founded on the developmental view of educational anthropology. I outlines on empirical and theoretical grounds strategic considerations related to class room interaction and teacher qualification.

GROUND‐WATER MODELING WITH AN INTERACTIVE COMPUTER

Abstract. A large finite element program has been adapted to a PDP‐11/23 minicomputer to obtain the advantages of an interactive computer system. The program used is UNSAT2, a code for unsteady, saturated and/or unsaturated flow of ground water. The advantages and disadvantages of this type of system in terms of the potential for its use in mine hydrology and related areas are considered. Some of the advantages of this interactive system are: (1) ease of data input by the use of a digitizer; (2) the opportunity to review all output files and to select for printing only those of interest; and (3) the opportunity to change the physical boundaries of a problem at any desired time to make use of new information as a project progresses. This feature is particularly useful in mine‐related water inflow predictions. This characteristic facilitates the simulation of flow into a vertical mine shaft as the shaft is being developed. A problem presented to demonstrate this feature illustrates some of the above advantages. The major disadvantage is increased computational time. However, the authors believe that this disadvantage may not be particularly great because many organizations are not required to cost‐account time on a minicomputer whereas this may not be the case for large machines.