Use Of Natural Dyes Research Articles

Short Communication: Dye-yielding plant resources of Maharashtra, India: A checklist

Patil SH, Kurlapkar DD, Gaikwad DK. 2019. Dye-yielding plant resources of Maharashtra, India: A checklist. Biodiversitas 20: 250-266. Natural dyes have rich variation in sources of dyestuff and possess superior aesthetic quality, which is more pleasing to the eye due to unique natural color. Because of their nontoxic effect, they are used for coloring textile, cosmetics, drugs, and various food products. Although indigenous knowledge system has been practiced over the years in the past, the use of natural dyes has diminished over generations due to lack of documentation. Also, there is not much information available on databases of either dye-yielding plants or their products. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to document the dye yielding plant species and associated knowledge from the study area. Present study provides the first comprehensive checklist of dye yielding Angiosperms of Maharashtra and their resulting color, pigment, and distribution have also been reported. A checklist consists of 195 species distributed among 153 genera and 58 families are presented based on published literature on dye plants, various state and regional floras.

Silkworm excrement used for dyeing textiles

The use of natural dyes for textile fibers has become an alternative to solve issues as environmental pollution and health risks caused by synthetic dyes. With this purpose, the use of silkworm excrement to dye textile fibers was targeted in silk (SK) and polyamide 6.6 (PA) weave fabric. This extract was characterized by spectroscopy to evaluate the color intensity and the color strength (K / S) and, finally, measured color fastness to wash, to friction and perspiration. The SK fiber as a better dye yield with silkworm excrement. Although the PA fiber shows also reasonable dye yield. With the results presented, it is possible to conclude that the SK and PA fabrics can be easily dyed with the natural dye extracted from the excrement of the silkworm, obtaining yellowish- brown colors.

Surface activation of textile fibers by plasma DBD for dyeing with teak leaf

The use of natural dyes is a field of great interest to solve the problems related to environment pollution and health risks. The objective of this research was to study the plasma discharge of double dielectric barrier (DDB) to modify the fabrics surfaces of polyamide 6.6 (PA66), silk (SK) and cotton (CO) dyed with leaf extract of teak (Tectona grandis). It was also aimed the improvement in the penetration and fixation properties to the natural dyes even without using metal mordants, which are toxic and usually used in this type of dyeing. The dye extract obtained from the teak leaves was chemically characterized by using UHPLC/QTOF-MS. The color parameters were calculated by means of spectroscopy to evaluate the color intensity (K/S) and its fastness was evaluated for washing, friction and perspiration.

Extraction, characterization & applications of natural dyes

Artificial dyes, widely used in everyday items, come with side effects not known to the common man. They are toxic, harmful & mostly carcinogenic. There has been a worldwide increase in the demand of natural dyes due to its therapeutic properties & no known side effects. The current research aimed at extracting dyes of different colors from natural plant sources, carrying out its characteristic analysis & its applications. The dyes were tested for their anti-microbial ability and were found to be inhibitory to common organisms like S. typhi, C. diphtheriae, S. aureus, etc. Phytochemical tests were performed and they confirmed presence of several important metabolites like Phenols, Tannins, Terpenoids, and many more. The dyes were tested for anti-oxidant activity using the FRAP assay and antioxidant levels ranging from 0.62 to 2.00 were obtained. Preparations of cosmetics like lip balms, was carried out, and dyes were also tested as natural food coloring agents. The results indicated that the dyes caused inhibition of wide range of bacteria and proved to be good sources of anti-oxidants. They departed a natural color to food items and hence can replace artificial food colorings. Thus the use of natural dyes should be promoted, as they are cheap, biodegradable and feasible.

Kinetics of Thermal‐Degradation of Betanins: A Teaching Mini‐Project for Undergraduates Employing the Red Beet

AbstractA 4‐week mini‐project is proposed for an experimental Physical Chemistry course applied in Food Science training. Activities include preparation of beet extract for the extraction of betanins and analysis of the kinetics of betanins in thermal degradation at three temperatures (60, 70, and 80 ºC). In addition to developing common laboratory routines (for example, dilution and use of the UV‐Vis spectrophotometer), students will have contact with the usual procedure for evaluating use of natural dyes in the food industry.

TANAMAN TARUM ( Indigofera tinctoria Linn. ) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ZAT PEWARNA

Indonesia is known as a country with high biodiversity in the world. Plenty of beneficial-rich plants grow in Indonesia as a country that has tropical climate, one of the plant is tarum (Indigofera tinctoria Linn.). Tarum is a natural dye-producing plant whose presence is not widely known. The development of human needs, especially in meeting the needs of natural dyes, is considered to be the main reason for reintroducing tarum as a suitable plant to grow in Indonesia. The use of natural dyes in addition to being safe for humans is also safe for the environment, considering the substances produced by the tarum plant are widely used as textile dyes. Good enough environmental compatibility makes this plant actually spread in many parts of Indonesia, especially in Java. It is necessary to possess a knowledge about the right cultivation techniques for tarum plants in an effort to increase the color-producing substances in plants. The attempts to obtain information about cultivation techniques are an opportunity to re-raise these plants to be better known and developed as potential plants.

The Magic in the Dye Pot: Mable Morrow, Alice Kagawa Parrott, and Sites of Exchange in Modern Weaving

In the late 1950s Japanese–American weaver and Santa Fe, New Mexico, resident, Alice Kagawa Parrott appealed to Mable Morrow, a former arts and crafts specialist for the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, to teach her Hopi, Navajo, and Spanish-colonial methods for carding, spinning, and dyeing wool yarns. Markers of this seminal intergenerational exchange would echo throughout Parrott’s diverse production of tapestries, commercial yardages, and garments for the duration of her practice. In the following decades, she exhibited her weavings both locally and internationally and was active among a prominent network of modern artists and craftsmen such as furniture designer Sam Maloof, ceramicist Toshiko Takaezu, and fiber artist Lenore Tawney. While Parrott’s narrators have focused on her extensive use of natural dyes, the origins of this practice have received minimal attention. Addressing this gap in the scholarship, this article explores the intercultural and, at times circular, transmission of botanical and craft knowledge among Santa Fe’s Indigenous communities, government officials like Morrow, and local artists and weavers as far afield as Hawaii. An assessment of Morrow’s accumulation and preservation of traditional Native American techniques in the early twentieth century, and the adoption of these methods by Parrott in the 1960s, demonstrates that vegetal dye processes served to permeate the perceived boundary between Indigenous and modern craft production during this period. This transcultural mixing of materials and methods is perhaps best expressed by Parrott’s luminously pigmented yarns which intertwine and form the foundation of her practice and the final artworks themselves.

Batik Dengan Pewarna Alami Upaya Meraih Pasar Wisatawan Mancanegara

Batik Indonesia has been confirmed by Unesco as a world cultural heritage and Yogyakarta was crowned as World Batik City by World Craft Council (WCC), on the 50th anniversary of the organization in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province, China, on October 18-23, 2014 This indicates that batik is worldwide. Batikpun usage rate is very high, not only the people of Indonesia but also many foreign tourists who buy batik for souvenirs even batik also has become an export product. Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY) is a tourist visiting area that relies on batik as main souvenir. Production of batik in Yogyakarta is high enough to cause environmental problems, especially in the disposal of waste. The process of making this batik will harm or disrupt the natural environment around, such as plants and animals and even livestock. Environmental disturbances are based on substances or chemicals released at the end of the batik making process. By looking at these conditions began to be thought by the batik craftsmen to develop environmentally friendly batik by using natural dyes. The use of natural dyes is not so popular and still at the stage of testing, but Mrs. Rini Kartikasari and Mrs. Tanti Syarif have started introducing this product to the market. The main issue of course relates to the marketing and governance of the development of this natural dye batik. With this PPPE program can make batik natural dyes as export products or can be marketed in the areas of foreign tourists visit. At the present stage, several activities have been conducted, such as: partners and their communities have received tourism management training, upgraded showroom, and assistance for exhibition, website design and equipment introduction. In this year also generated output in the form of: standardization of product quality, website, and various equipment to support batik production process with natural dye. From these activities bring significant benefits for both partners, they are able to increase sales turnover and can market products in the area of †foreign tourists. Keywords: batik, natural dye, Sleman.

Multifunctionalised silk using Delonix regia stem shell waste

The use of natural dyes and natural finishes on textiles has become a matter of significant importance because of the increased environmental awareness to avoid some hazardous synthetic dyes and synthetic chemicals. The Delonix regia stem shells were extracted in distilled water methanol and ethanol solvents. Phytochemical analysis was carried out for the presence of bioactive chemical constituents such as saponin, terpenoid, flavonoid, glycoside, phenol and tannin using the standard procedure. All the tests showed positive for the presence of components except saponin in methanol and ethanol extract. The qualitative antibacterial analysis was done by AATCC 147 method with excerpts from three different solvents both against S. aureus (gram-positive) and E. coli (gram-negative) bacteria. Delonix regia stem shell extract (DSE) in distil water was used for natural dyeing of mulberry silk fabric. Pre-mordanting and post-mordanting of silk fabric were carried out using alum and myrobalan mordants. Treated fabrics showed a substantial increase in colour depth (K/S) and adequate wash, light and rubbing fastness properties without and with mordanted and dyed silk fabrics. Quantitative antibacterial analysis by AATCC 100 method was done on dyed silk fabric which showed very good resistance both against bacteria S. aureus and E. coli bacteria. Dyed silk fabric also showed good to very good ultraviolet (UV) protection property. The physicochemical composition of the untreated and without mordant treated silk fabrics were analysed by attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). In addition to that wash, durability was also measured of dyed silk fabric for antibacterial and ultraviolet protection (UPF) properties according to AATCC 61 2A washing method.

The Prospect of Micro-Energy Generation from Almond (Prunus Dulcis) Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

The generation of environmentally and sustainable energy is a basic need towards proffering a solution to the climatic and scientific challenges confronting twenty-first century human race. This quest has led to the discovery of diverse unconventional energy resources existing presently. Amongst all these viable options, solar energy is considered to have the best prospect in view of its all-year availability, no geographical restriction and the \(3.8 \times 10^{26}\) Joule of energy it gives off per second. This energy can be tapped either using direct or indirect means; the use of natural dyes to mimic photosynthesis in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) device is a response to provide an economical and technical substitute to traditional \(p\)-\(n\) junction photovoltaic devices. DSC is a systematic device that uses disorderly technology to produce electricity in diverse light conditions such as outdoors, in poor lightning conditions. The devices are also able to convert both natural and man-made light into energy to power technology through a broad range of electronic devices. In this paper, we present almond dye-sensitized cells spectral responses with four different electrolyte sensitizers. The result is DSCs with a comparative output efficiency of 3.24%, Voc of 306 mV with KBr; the least efficient DSC was HgCl\(_2\) electrolyte sensitized with an output efficiency of 0.09% under same standard atmospheric conditions of 1.5 A.M and temperature of 27.1 \(^\circ\)C and pH of 5.49.

Combination of Dyeing Method and Ozone After-Treatment to Apply Natural Dyes on to Cotton Fabrics

ABSTRACTThe textile industry has an important place in global marketing and trade. Both production and consumption of cotton and cotton-based materials were also considerably important. Until now, the essential term for the textile industry can be summarized as product diversity. However, today, in addition, the demand for natural and organic products has been in an increasing trend. In this respect, the use of natural dyes has become popular again. However, the need to use mordants, especially metal salts, is the most important dilemma in terms of natural production. This study was aimed to show the usability of ozone gas with natural dyeing and to introduce an alternative production that avoids use of mordants. It was observed that different ozone gas applications can be used to obtain color diversity from the same natural dye source, which at present is achieved by using different mordants. On the other hand, for the tested dyes, different fastnesses were analyzed in terms of the effect of ozone gas treatment style and different mordants. It was found that in general the tested natural dyes have good fastness values except for light fastnesses. The use of ozone gas only improved the wet rubbing fastness values when ozone gas was applied directly to the wet dyed sample. For other fastnesses, ozone did not show any significant effect.

Innovative silk dyeing using enzyme and Rubia cordifolia extract at room temperature

PurposeNatural dyes are mostly used for dyeing of natural fibre textiles to improve their eco-friendly features. For successful commercial use of natural dyes, the appropriate and standardized dyeing techniques need to be adopted. Appropriate scientific techniques or procedures need to be derived from scientific studies on dyeing methods, dyeing process variables, dyeing kinetics and compatibility of selective natural dyes with minimal use of hazardous chemicals.Design/methodology/approachIn the present study, different enzymes (protease, amylase, xylanase, pectinase, phytase) were used efficiently with Rubia dye by using simultaneous and two-step processes; both the processes were developed with an aim for conservation of time and energy, for the ease of industrial use. The highlights of the study are twofold: eco-friendly natural dyeing by using enzyme replacing metal mordant and room temperature dyeing, which is a completely new concept.FindingsExperiments showed that enzymatic treatment can give good colour strength to silk fabric using Rubia as a dye source and has good potential for commercial dyeing. It is a non-toxic dye. Use of enzymes were a deliberate attempt to avoid metal mordanting in silk dyeing, as it would make textile dyeing eco-friendlier. The order of reactivity of enzymes in one-step process was found to be protease > phytase > xylanase > amylase > pectinase. Similarly, for two-step dyeing process, the order of reactivity of enzymes observed was protease > amylase > xylanase = pectinase > phytase. Protease enzyme was the best option in both the cases. Overall, it can be concluded that in the case of enzymatic treatment, the two-step process was better in terms of larger K/S values, colour coordinate values and dye adherence.Research limitations/implicationsA new domain of room temperature dyeing technique has been introduced.Originality/valueIn the present study, different enzymes (protease, amylase, xylanase, pectinase, phytase) were used efficiently with Rubia dye by using simultaneous and two-step processes; both the processes were developed with an aim for conservation of time and energy, for the ease of industrial use. The highlights of the research are twofold: eco-friendly natural dyeing by using enzyme replacing metal mordant and room temperature dyeing, which is a completely new concept. Overall, the ease of use for industrial application. Rubia dye from Sri Lanka has been used in conjunction with different enzymes to show that metal mordanting can be easily replaced by the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable enzymes. The most attractive feature of this study is the low-temperature dyeing at 30-40°C. For any dyeing house, this process can be easily adapted on jigger, winch or even in continuous padding machine. Good fastness properties and dye adherence have been the other highlights of this study.

Mordant dye application on cotton: optimisation and combination with natural dyes

It is well known that cotton fibres can be dyed through the formation of coordinate bonds involving cellulose chains, mordants such as alum, and natural dyes such as alizarin. Similarly, synthetic dyes known as mordant acid dyes can be used to dye wool fibres. Unlike mordant dyes on wool, the fastnesses of natural dyes on cotton are often low. Although concerns surrounding textile sustainability have sparked renewed interest in the use of natural dyes, extensive replacement of synthetic dyes with natural dyes is neither practical nor fundamentally possible. However, similarities in dyeing methods using mordant and natural dyes raise the possibility of using mordant dyes as alternatives to natural dyes in the dyeing of cotton. Further, the potential for combining suitable dyes from these two classes to expand the colour gamut currently available from natural dyes on cotton seem worthy of exploration. The results of this study indicate that shades comparable with those produced by natural dyes can be obtained on cotton using select mordant dyes following Fe2+ and Al3+ pretreatments. The best results were obtained using a two‐step/two‐bath process and dyes such as CI Mordant Blue 13 and CI Mordant Orange 6. In evaluations of mordant and natural dye combinations using the two mordant dyes logwood and Osage orange as prototypes, interesting fabric shades were obtained. However, the fastness properties of these dyes must be improved in order to produce commercially viable dyeings.

TiO2 Nanostructure Synthesized by Sol-Gel for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells as Renewable Energy Source

The use of renewable materials as a constituent of a smart alternative energy such as the use of natural dyes for light harvesting needs to be developed. Synthesis of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2) and fabrication Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using dye-based of anthocyanin from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) as a photosensitizer had been done. Synthesis TiO2 through sol-gel process with the addition of triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 template was controlled at pH 3 whereas calcination was carried out at a temperature of 500 °C, 550 °C and 600 °C. The obtained TiO2 were analyzed by XRD, SAA, and SEM. The conclusion is anatase TiO2 obtained until annealing up to 600 °C. Self-assembly Pluronic F127 triblock copolymer capable of restraining the growth of TiO2 crystals. Retention growth of TiO2 mesoporous produces material character that can be used as builders photoanode DSSC with natural sensitizer anthocyanin from purple sweet potatoes. Based on the analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns and surface area analyser, the higher the calcination temperature the greater the size of the anatase crystals is obtained, however, the smaller its surface area. Purple sweet potato anthocyanin’s dyed on to TiO2 was obtained a good enough performance for DSSC’s and gain the optimum performance from DSSC’s system built with mesoporous TiO2 annealed 550 °C using flavylium form anthocyanin.

Curcuma longa extract - Haldi: A safe, eco-friendly natural cytoplasmic stain.

Background:Eosin is most widely used synthetic dye belonging to the xanthene group. These dyes are efficient but are hazardous to human and animal health. With the increasing awareness of a green earth, it is advisable to use more of eco-friendly and biodegradable material which can be effectively achieved by the use of natural dyes obtained from plants and other natural sources. Turmeric, available as Curcuma longa (domestic), has long been in use in the subcontinent as a spice and flavoring agent in most food preparations. Its health benefit as a natural antibiotic and anti-inflammatory has been successfully established by several researchers. The intense yellow color imparted by turmeric inspired us to explore its efficacy as a potential alternative for eosin in routine histopathological procedures.Aim:The aim of this was to explore the efficacy of turmeric extract as a stand-alone counterstain for hematoxylin and its comparative assessment with routine H and E staining.Materials and Methods:The rhizomes of C. longa were cut into small pieces, dried and milled. This powder was dissolved into alcohol and centrifuged using a centrifugal machine. The supernatant was then collected with the help of micropipette. This supernatant was used as a counterstain for hematoxylin.Results:The data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U test with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 15.0 (SPSS Inc.,). The P value obtained was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Although eosin is the most efficient counterstain for hematoxylin, turmeric can also be used as an alternative for eosin.

Rainbow of Natural Dyes on Textiles Using Plants Extracts: Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Processes

Indians have been considered as forerunners in the art of natural dyeing. Although indigenous knowledge system has been practiced over the years in the past, the use of natural dyes has diminished over generations due to lack of documentation and precise knowledge of the extracting and dyeing techniques. As a result, natural dyes are not commercially successful. Presently, all environmentally unfriendly synthetic compounds are used for dyeing textile materials. They are non-biodegradable, carcinogenic and generate water pollution as well as waste disposal problems. Natural dyes provide a reasonable solution to these problems. Thus, it is imperative to develop technology for extraction of natural dyes and for their application on textile materials. In this study, attempt has been made to extract natural dyes from a variety of plants sources (such as rhizomes of turmeric, Curcuma longa; fruits of harda, Terminalia chebula; petals of safflower, Carthamus tinctorius; roots of barberry, Berberis lycium etc.) using specific techniques. These dyes were tested for their dyeing potential on different textile materials (cotton, silk and wool). Dyeing was done using three different dyeing techniques (pre-, simultaneous- and post-mordanting) wherein different mordants such as alum, copper sulphate and ferrous sulphate etc., were used to fix dye on to the textile material. A rainbow of natural dyes was obtained with varied shades of each colour. Shade cards were prepared for each dye and the colour obtained varied depending on the type of the mordant applied and the mordanting technique used.

Extraction and Application of Eco- Friendly Natural dye Obtained from Flower of Acacia eburnea (L.f.) Willd on Cotton Fabric

The natural dyes are using coloring agent of textile, food and paints in the beginning of the mankind. But synthetic dyes are removing colour in process in anything about one century back use of natural dyes have witnessed diminished.

Dyeing of polyamide fibre with cochineal natural dye

Purpose The aim of the paper was to study the effects of mordanting methods on the absorption behaviour of cochineal natural dye on polyamide fibres. Design/methodology/approach Iron sulphate and aluminium potassium sulphate salts were used as mordanting agents, and bottom mordanting, meta-mordanting and after mordanting methods were applied in the dyeing of polyamide samples with the cochineal natural dye. Colourimetric evaluations were carried out, and the principal component analysis was used to investigate the spectrophotometric properties of the dyed samples. Fastness properties of the dyed samples were also assessed. Findings The obtained results indicate that the method of mordanting has a great effect on the obtained shades, absorption behaviour and fastness properties. Based on the results, it was concluded that polyamide fabrics could be successfully dyed with cochineal and combination of dyeing with different mordanting methods, and different mordanting agents would develop the range of obtainable shades. Originality/value The textile and apparel industries have been widely criticised for their role in polluting the environment. So, the use of synthetic dyes has been limited and the use of natural dyes has increased. The literature survey indicates that there have been relatively few works investigating the dyeing of polyamide with cochineal natural dye. This research studies the effects of mordanting methods and mordant types on colourimetric and fastness properties of cochineal-dyed polyamide samples.

Chitosan-polypropylene imine dendrimer hybrid: a new ecological biomordant for cochineal dyeing of wool

The classical use of synthetic dyes is causing issues of environmental pollution and heath risk. As a consequence natural dyes are gaining interest, but the use of natural dyes still includes toxic reagents such as metals as mordants and acids to enhance color and yield. Therefore, we designed a new chitosan-polypropylene imine dendrimer hybrid at 0–2000 mg/L to treat wool before dyeing with cochineal. We compared dye exhaustion, color depth, color characteristics, and color fastness of the new process with dyed pristine and metal mordanted wool. Results show that wool pretreatment improved dye exhaustion from 48 to 88 %, shifted saturation point toward lower dye concentration from 3000 to 1000 mg/L, and improved color depth from 13.68 for pristine wool and 15.17 for metal mordanted wool to 23.89 for the new process.

Extraction of polyphenolic dyes from henna, pomegranate rind, and Pterocarya fraxinifolia for nylon 6 dyeing

Acid and disperse dyes are two well-known synthetic materials that are primarily used for dyeing of nylon 6 fibres. Despite their good performance, several negative impacts on the environment, including air and water pollution, are major concerns to researchers. An alternative ecofriendly approach to the dyeing of nylon 6 is the use of natural dyes, given their abundant natural sources, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, non-allergic responses, and non-carcinogenic effects on human life. Based on these advantages, we extracted polyphenolic dyes from henna leaves, pomegranate rind, and Pterocarya fraxinifolia leaves and studied the dyeability on nylon 6 fabric using three compounds of aluminium sulfate, tannic acid, and tin chloride as toxic and non-toxic mordants before dyeing. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the nylon 6 fabric confirmed the coordination complexes and π–π bonding between the mordants and the dyes. Colorimetric and fastness results showed that the mordants increased the colour strength and improved the fastness properties of the fibres. Our results suggest that tin chloride and aluminium sulfate as metal mordants can be successfully replaced with tannic acid as a biomordant in the natural dyeing of nylon 6. Also, cost assay showed that dyeing of nylon 6 with extracted natural dyes from waste leaves could be a sustainable and economical substitute for synthetic dyeing.