Use Of Nanodiamonds Research Articles

Nanodiamond: A Promising Carbon‐Based Nanomaterial for Therapeutic and Regenerative Dental Applications

AbstractNanodiamonds (NDs) are utilized for various purposes in dentistry, such as tissue regeneration, gene therapy, and medication delivery. Despite the examination of their potential for dental uses, there is currently no published review summarizing the conducted investigations. Additional investigations are required to comprehend the biological compatibility of NDs in dentistry. NDs have been proven effective for a variety of applications in dentistry because of unique qualities such as target cell selectivity, nanometer size, and fluorescence. Nanodiamonds find various applications in dentistry, encompassing roles in directed tissue regeneration, reinforcing polymers, and administering medications for treating infections and cancer. Researchers have also suggested the potential use of nanodiamonds as coatings for antibacterial or bioactive dental implants. Nevertheless, investigations on their biological compatibility have been scarce and insufficient so far, necessitating significantly further studies to envision the potential use of NDs in dentistry. It is believed that within the ten years to come, these emerging substances will discover several kinds of daily usage in dental practice.

A novel treatment approach using vitamin B12-conjugated sericin for mitigating nanodiamond-induced toxicity in darkling beetles.

The escalating use of nanodiamonds (NDs) has raised concerns about their ecotoxicological impact, prompting exploration of therapeutic interventions. This paper pioneers the examination of Vitamin B12-conjugated sericin (VB12-SER) as a potential therapeutic approach against ND-induced toxicity in darkling beetles (Blaps polychresta). The study analyzes mortality rates and organ-specific effects, covering the testis, ovary, and midgut, before and after treatments. Following exposure to 10 mg NDs/g body weight, within a subgroup of individuals termed ND2 with a mortality rate below 50%, two therapeutic treatments were administered, including pure sericin (SER) at 10 mg/mL and VB12-SER at 10.12 mg/mL. Consequently, five experimental groups (control, SER, ND2, ND2+SER, ND2+SER+VB12) were considered. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess the lifespan distribution of the insects in these groups over a 30-d period. Analyses revealed increased mortality and significant abnormalities induced by NDs within the examined organs, including cell death, DNA damage, enzyme dysregulation, antioxidant imbalances, protein depletion, lipid peroxidation, and morphological deformities. In contrast, the proposed treatments, especially (ND2+SER+VB12), demonstrated remarkable recovery, highlighting VB12-conjugated SER's potential in mitigating ND-triggered adverse effects. Molecular docking simulations affirmed binding stability and favorable interactions of the VB12-SER complex with target proteins. This research enhances understanding of NDs' effects on B. polychresta, proposing it as an effective bioindicator, and introduces VB12-conjugated SER as a promising therapeutic strategy in nanotoxicological studies.

Nanodiamonds and natural deep eutectic solvents as potential carriers for lipase

This study investigates the use of nanodiamonds (ND) as a promising carrier for enzyme immobilization and compares the effectiveness of immobilized and native enzymes. Three different enzyme types were tested, of which Rhizopus niveus lipase (RNL) exhibited the highest relative activity, up to 350 %. Under optimized conditions (1 h, pH 7.0, 40 °C), the immobilized ND-RNL showed a maximum specific activity of 0.765 U mg−1, significantly higher than native RNL (0.505 U mg−1). This study highlights a notable enhancement in immobilized lipase; furthermore, the enzyme can be recycled in the presence of a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), retaining 76 % of its initial activity. This aids in preserving the native conformation of the protein throughout the reusability process. A test on brine shrimp revealed that even at low concentrations, ND-RNL had minimal toxicity, indicating its low cytotoxicity. The in silico molecular dynamics simulations performed in this study offer valuable insights into the mechanism of interactions between RNL and ND, demonstrating that RNL immobilization onto NDs enhances its efficiency and stability. All told, these findings highlight the immense potential of ND-immobilized RNL as an excellent candidate for biological applications and showcase the promise of further research in this field.

Comprehensive toxicity assessment of nanodiamond on Blaps polychresta: implications and novel findings.

With the increasing development of nanomaterials, the use of nanodiamonds (NDs) has been broadly manifested in many applications. However, their high penetration into the ecosystem indubitably poses remarkable toxicological risks. This paper investigates the toxic effects of NDs on the darkling beetle, Blaps polychresta Forskal, 1775 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Survival analysis was carried out by monitoring the beetles for 30 d after the injection of four different doses of NDs. A dose of 10.0 mg NDs/g body weight, causing less than 50% mortality effect, was assigned in the analysis of the different organs of studied beetles, including testis, ovary, and midgut. Structural and ultrastructural analyses were followed using light, TEM, and SEM microscopes. In addition, a variety of stress markers and enzyme activities were assessed using spectrophotometric methods. Furthermore, cell viability and DNA damage were evaluated using cytometry and comet assay, respectively. Compared to the control group, the NDs-treated group was exposed to various abnormalities within all the studied organs as follows. Significant disturbances in enzyme activities were accompanied by an apparent dysregulation in the antioxidant system. The flow cytometry results indicated a substantial decrease of viable cells along with a rise of apoptotic and necrotic cells. The comet assay demonstrated a highly increased level of DNA damage. Likewise, histological analyses accentuated the same findings showing remarkable deformities in the studied organs. Prominently, the research findings substantially contribute for the first time to evaluating the critical effects of NDs on B. polychresta, adopted as the bioindicator in this paper.

ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ПРОЦЕССА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ НАНОСТРУКТУРНОГО ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ НАНОАЛМАЗОВ, МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ НЕАЛМАЗНЫМ УГЛЕРОДОМ (ЧАСТЬ 2)

The paper presents the results of thermodynamic analysis showing that the use of nanodiamonds with a thin graphite-like coating formed by surface graphitization of nanodiamonds makes it possible to increase the thermodynamic stimulus for the formation of a diamond structure under conditions of high pressures and temperatures. For a thin carbon film with a disordered structure (amorphous carbon, soot), the pressure of transition into diamond will exceed the equilibrium pressure due to the lower surface energy of amorphous carbon compared to the surface energy of graphite. In this case, a decrease in the thickness of the non-diamond carbon film on the surface of a diamond particle leads to an increase in the pressure of the graphite–diamond phase transition. The proposed approach provides the possibility of reducing the synthesis parameters of nanostructured polycrystalline diamond materials without additional use of phase transformation catalysts.

Nanodiamonds-in-oil emulsions elicit potent immune responses for effective vaccination and therapeutics.

Background: The use of nanodiamonds (NDs) and fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) as nonallergenic biocompatible additives in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) to elicit immune responses in vivo was investigated. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were immunized with chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA) in IFA and alsoOVA-conjugated NDs (or OVA-conjugated FNDs) in IFA to produce antibodies. OVA-expressing E.G7 lymphoma cells and OVA-negative EL4 cells were inoculated in mice to induce tumor formation. Results: The new formulation significantly enhanced immune responses and thus disease resistance. It exhibited specific therapeutic activities, effectively inhibiting the growth of E.G7 tumor cells in mice over 35days. Conclusion: The high biocompatibility and multiple functionalities of NDs/FNDs render them applicable as active and trackable vaccine adjuvants and antitumor agents.

АНАЛІЗ ТРИБОЛОГІЧНИХ НАНОМАТЕРІАЛІВ ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЗНОСОСТІЙКОСТІ І ДОВГОВІЧНОСТІ МЕХАНІЧНИХ КОНТАКТУЮЧИХ ПОВЕРХОНЬ ДЕТАЛЕЙ МАШИН І МЕХАНІЗМІВ НА ОСНОВІ ОНТОЛОГІЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПІДТРИМКИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ

The object of research is tribological nanomaterials (TrNMs), which are used to improve the qualities of the mechanical contacting surfaces of mechanical components. The goal is to create Decision Support Systems (DSS) based on the ontological system when choosing the TrNM. It was carried out an analysis of existing studies and publications as to the use of TrNM, which are available on the market of Ukraine and European countries. The analysis showed that TrNMs are classified according to the friction surfaces main features and their purpose. It has been determined that the use of TrNM shows a significant technical and economic effect, as the product service life extents and also fuel consumption decreases due to the reduction of the friction coefficient. It was found that an important consideration when choosing that or another TrNM should be their sustainability, in terms of their environmentally friendly manufacturing and use on mechanical components. It is noted that there is a problem of the existing TrNM classifiers and their substantiating, since their formation lags behind the dynamics of scientific and technological progress. It was reasoned expediency of using an Ontology-Based Decision Support Systems (OBDSS) regarding the selection of TrNM for improving the performances of the mechanical components contacting surfaces. The following results were obtained. According to the analysis of the current interest modern TrNMs and their characteristics, the technologies for the TNMs applying have been considered: "KESON" with the filling of on the friction surfaces micro-valleys with the formation of anti-friction, wear-resistant and adhesive films (coatings), as well as technologies for the use of metal conditioners "Fenom", "ER", "SR3" and "Militec-1" additives, which extend the product service life without overhauls, and remetallizing agents "Lubrifilm" and "Megaforce" with their effect of "non-wear-out-ability". It was found that the main disadvantage of such TrNMs is a pollution of the environment, namely of drinking, ground and surface water. The solution to the environmental issue is possible due to the use of nanodiamonds as a specific universal nanocarbon TrNM, which has the properties of decomposition of harmful organic chemicals. Their “representatives” are "Lubrifilm Diamond Run Ln", "Nanodiamond Green Run", nano additives "Fenom Nanodiamond Green Run" (based on nanodiamonds), "Fenom Old Chap" (based on bentonite nanoparticles), "Renom Engine Nanoguard" (for motor oils) and "Renom Gear Nanoguard" (for transmission oils). To facilitate the choice of TrNM for improving the performances of the mechanical components contacting surfaces, the OBDSS is proposed. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: it has been created the OBDSS, which takes into account the peculiarities and characteristics of TrNM according to the customer needs, which able to narrow the search range and reduce the time for TrNM selection. The presented materials can be useful when conducting the theoretical and experimental studies on the mechanical components service life in the field of mechanical engineering.

Quantum memory based on SiV-centers in nanodiamonds

Recently, the possibility of implementing a cavity-enhanced off-resonant Raman quantum memory in an ensemble of silicon-vacancy centers in diamond has been studied (Kalachev et al 2019 Laser Phys. 29 104001). It was shown that the signal-to-noise ratio can significantly exceed unity for short single-photon input pulses if the orbital level splitting in the ground state of the color centers is significantly enhanced by strain. The latter results in decreasing the coherence time between the two available orbital branches of the ground state, though. In the present work, we consider the possibility of increasing the storage time due to the use of nanodiamonds. It is shown that suppression of direct electron-phonon transitions in the diamond nanocrystals makes it possible to increase the coherence time of both orbital and spin qubits by orders of magnitude.

Dense tungsten carbide bulks by self-densification reaction sintering of nanodiamond with tungsten at 1700 °C

Tungsten carbide (WC) bulks from the sintering of WC powders possess excellent physical and chemical properties, widely used in high-precision optical molds, seals, nozzles and many other scenarios. To produce dense WC bulks, however, needs a very high sintering temperature (>1900 °C) and super fine WC powders due to the poor sinterability. The high sintering temperature required puts a huge strain on processing equipment, and the preparation of super fine WC powders involves many complex steps. In this work, dense WC bulks are prepared by spark plasmas sintering via self-densification reaction of nanodiamond with tungsten at 1700 °C. The use of nanodiamond enables dense WC bulks of a density of 98.1% and Vickers hardness of 21.8 GPa for a volume expansion associated with the change of diamond to graphite greatly reduces the porosity of as-prepared WC bulks, demonstrating a novel mechanism of self-densification reaction sintering. Besides, reaction between tungsten and diamond produces far less volume shrinkage than other allotropes of carbon, partly contributing to the densification of the as-prepared WC bulks. Our creative strategy has significant advantages over prevailing methods in preparing high-density WC bulks, facilitating the application of WC bulk materials in industrial production and providing a new insight into the preparation of dense bulks of other metal carbides.

Nanodiamonds as Possible Tools for Improved Management of Bladder Cancer and Bacterial Cystitis.

Nanodiamonds (NDs) are a class of carbon nanomaterials with sizes ranging from a few nm to micrometres. Due to their excellent physical, chemical and optical properties, they have recently attracted much attention in biomedicine. In addition, their exceptional biocompatibility and the possibility of precise surface functionalisation offer promising opportunities for biological applications such as cell labelling and imaging, as well as targeted drug delivery. However, using NDs for selective targeting of desired biomolecules within a complex biological system remains challenging. Urinary bladder cancer and bacterial cystitis are major diseases of the bladder with high incidence and poor treatment options. In this review, we present: (i) the synthesis, properties and functionalisation of NDs; (ii) recent advances in the study of various NDs used for better treatment of bladder cancer and (iii) bacterial cystitis; and (iv) the use of NDs in theranostics of these diseases.

Influence of modification of detonation nanodiamonds and diamond micropowders on the process of combustion of model rocket fuels

The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of the effect of detonation nanodiamonds (DND) on composite rocket fuels. Various types of nanodiamonds and diamond micropowder were investigated, the effect of each of them was analyzed. The novelty of this study was the method of introducing nanodiamonds into the fuel composition - in the form of pasties with dimethylformamide; DND was preliminarily kept at 430 °C for 2 h in air and argon. The use of nanodiamonds in the composition of the fuel-binder led to an increase in the combustion rate of the fuel composition by ∼23% and a decrease in the temperature of the combustion products of the composite rocket fuel by ∼ 150 °C. Both factors have a beneficial effect on the operation of the propulsion system and increase its efficiency.

Nanodiamonds synthesis using sustainable concentrated solar thermal energy: applications in bioimaging and phototherapy

There is a renewed interest in nanodiamonds and their applications in biology and medicine, especially in bioimaging and photothermal therapy. This is due to their small size, chemical inertness and unique photo-properties such as bright and robust fluorescence, resistant to photobleaching and photothermal response under near infrared (NIR) irradiation. However, the biggest challenge limiting the wide-spread use of nanodiamonds is the high-energy consuming, dangerous and sophisticated synthetic methods currently adopted by industry named higher temperature high pressure approach, and detonation method. Despite over a decade of research towards the development of new synthetic approaches, most of the methods developed to date require sophisticated instrumentations and have high energy demand. To circumvent the reliance on high energy demanding sophisticated experimental setups, here we present a simple synthetic approach using solar energy as a sustainable sole energy source. Using low-grade coal as carbon precursor, we used high power magnifying glasses to concentrate and focus sunlight to induce synthesis of nanodiamonds. The synthesized nanodiamonds exhibit similar physicochemical and photo-properties as nanodiamonds synthesized using other synthetic approaches. In vitro studies using macrophage Raw 264.7 cells demonstrated rapid uptake and bright fluorescence of the synthesized nanodiamonds with superior biocompatibility (≥95% cell viability). The synthesized nanodiamonds also exhibited dose dependent photothermal response under NIR irradiation.

Synthesizing a Novel Janus Carbon Nano-Onions Modified As a Catalyst Support for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Carbon materials have been awakening scientific interest for research because it allows chemical functionalization for multiple applications in the sciences, especially in energy applications. Carbon Nano-onions (CNO) are spherical structures composed of multilayers of fullerenes, these layers are connected in a way that shows a shape of an onion. Its development begins with the use of nano-diamonds, a carbon material of strong structure which it forms in a very violent environment. The nano-diamonds are taken to a furnace at a temperature of 1650°C to finally obtain the CNO. Janus particles are receiving increasing attention because of their dual properties, where each side can be functionalized to have distinctive characteristics. The modifications on the surface of these nanoparticles can provide different chemical and physical properties. The interesting properties of Janus nanoparticles are that they have different sizes and shapes which have now been able to be studied in more detail. The purpose of this project is to use asymmetrically modified CNO as a support for metal nanoparticles to avoid agglomeration and, thus, increase their surface area and efficiency. Janus nanoparticles will be designed by a wax-paraffin Pickering emulsion process using CNO on its surface. The deposition of Platinum (Pt) it was carried out by a chemical process using sodium borohydride. The removal process of the paraffin involves a treatment with chloroform and rinse with ethanol to finally obtain the amphiphilic nanoparticle. The differences on the surface of the particles before and after removing the paraffin were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy was used to validate the elemental information of the particles and assure the deposition of Pt on the surface of the particles. Cyclic Voltammetry was used to characterize the CNO/Pt ink, providing information about the Pt deposition on the surface of the CNO. Oxygen Reduction Reaction experiments were conducted to test the efficiency of this catalyst using the Rotating Ring-Disk Electrode at rotations of 100, 400, 900, 1600, and 2500 rpm. The polarization curves of CNO/Pt and Pt/Vulcan were compared. Thermogravimetric Analysis were used as a characterization technique to corroborate the percent of Pt on the CNO/Pt particles. Characterization techniques as X-ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy were used to validate the deposition of Pt and confirm the removal of paraffin.

Nanodiamonds and their potential applications in breast cancer therapy: a narrative review

Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. With the projected increase in breast cancer cases in recent years, optimising treatment becomes increasingly important. Current treatment modalities in breast cancer present major limitations, including chemoresistance, dose-limiting adverse effects and lack of selectivity in aggressive subtypes of breast cancers such as triple-negative breast cancer. Nanodiamonds have demonstrated promising outcomes in preclinical models from their unique surface characteristics allowing optimised delivery of various therapeutic agents, overcoming some of the significant hurdles in conventional treatment modalities. This review will present an update on preclinical findings of nanodiamond-based drug delivery systems for breast cancer therapy to date, challenges with the use of nanodiamonds along with considerations for future research.

State of the art and prospects in the development of proton‐conducting perfluorinated membranes with short side chains: A review

The review is devoted to key problems in the development of modern proton‐conducting membranes for hydrogen power assuming its progress for using in fuel cells working at enhanced temperatures without catalysts poisoning and providing stable high proton conductivity and improved mechanical properties. Modern trends in the synthesis approaches such as application of emulsion polymerization and novel efforts for the modification of polymer membranes by chemically stable nanoparticles, carrying protons, are discussed as compared to commercially used membrane materials such as Nafion and Aquivion. The crucial role of advanced structural methods to recognize subtle features of molecular ordering and formation of conducting channels in membranes is considered, focusing on neutron scattering as the most powerful instrument for the analysis of ionomers and other nanoscale structures by means of selective isotopic contrasting structural elements in membrane materials. The integration of novel methods of emulsion polymerization and use of nanodiamonds and other nanoparticles embedded into polymer matrices is prospective in the creation of new generations of membrane materials with higher functional properties.

Fabrication of nanodiamond-dispersed composite holographic gratings and their light and slow-neutron diffraction properties

We demonstrate the use of nanodiamond in constructing holographic nanoparticle-polymer composite transmission gratings with large saturated refractive index modulation amplitudes at both optical and slow-neutron wavelengths, resulting in efficient control of light and slow-neutron beams. Nanodiamond possesses a high refractive index at optical wavelengths and large coherent and small incoherent scattering cross sections with low absorption at slow-neutron wavelengths. We describe the synthesis of nanodiamond, the preparation of photopolymerizable nanodiamond-polymer composite films, the construction of transmission gratings in nanodiamond-polymer composite films and light optical diffraction experiments. Results of slow-neutron diffraction from such gratings are also presented.

Paraffin Removal in the Synthesis of Novel Janus Carbon Nano-Onions

Carbon materials have been awakening scientific interest for research because it allows chemical functionalization for multiple applications in the sciences, especially in energy applications. Carbon Nano-onions (CNO) are spherical structures composed of multilayers of fullerenes, these layers are connected in a way that shows the shape of an onion. Its development begins with the use of nano-diamonds, a carbon material of strong structure which it forms in a very violent environment. The nano-diamonds are taken to a furnace at a temperature of 1650°C to finally obtain the CNO. Janus particles are receiving increasing attention because of their dual properties, where each side can be functionalized to have distinctive characteristics. The modifications on the surface of these nanoparticles can provide different chemical and physical properties. The interesting properties of Janus nanoparticles are that they have different sizes and shapes which have now been able to be studied in more detail. The purpose of this project is to use asymmetrically modified CNO as a support for metal nanoparticles to avoid agglomeration and, thus, increase their surface area and efficiency. Janus nanoparticles will be designed by a wax-paraffin Pickering emulsion process using CNO on its surface. The deposition of Platinum (Pt) was carried out by a chemical process using sodium borohydride. The removal process of the paraffin involves the dispersion of the wax-paraffin/CNO-Pt particles in Chloroform and rinse with isopropanol to finally obtain the amphiphilic nanoparticle. The differences on the surface of the particles before and after removing the paraffin were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman Spectroscopy. Cyclic Voltammetry was used to characterize the proposed catalyst and comparison with the commercial catalyst Pt/Vulcan providing information about their catalytic behavior. It was possible to confirm the deposition of Pt on the surface of the CNO by TEM. The Pt-CNO/CNO catalyst was tested for ORR using the Rotating Ring Disk Electrode (RRDE) and compared its performance with Pt/Vulcan. Thermogravimetric Analysis was used as a characterization technique to corroborate percent of Pt on these particles.

The protein corona determines the cytotoxicity of nanodiamonds: implications of corona formation and its remodelling on nanodiamond applications in biomedical imaging and drug delivery.

The use of nanodiamonds for biomedical and consumer applications is growing rapidly. As their use becomes more widespread, so too do concerns around their cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity of nanodiamonds correlates with their cellular internalisation and circulation time in the body. Both internalisation and circulation time are influenced by the formation of a protein corona on the nanodiamond surface. However, a precise understanding of both how the corona forms and evolves and its influence on cytotoxicity is lacking. Here, we investigated protein corona formation and evolution in response to two classes of nanodiamonds, pristine and aminated, and two types of proteins, bovine serum albumin and fibronectin. Specifically, we found that a corona made of bovine serum albumin (BSA), which represents the most abundant protein in blood plasma, reduced nanodiamond agglomeration. Fibronectin (FN9-10), the second most abundant protein found in the plasma, exhibited a significantly higher nanodiamond binding affinity than BSA, irrespective of the nanodiamond surface charge. Finally, nanodiamonds with a BSA corona displayed less cytotoxicity towards nonphagocytic liver cells. However, regardless of the type of corona (FN9-10 or BSA), both classes of nanodiamonds induced substantial phagocytic cell death. Our results emphasise that a precise understanding of the corona composition is fundamental to determining the fate of nanoparticles in the body.

Effect of nanodiamond surface chemistry on adsorption and release of tiopronin

Tiopronin is an FDA-approved thiol drug currently used to treat cystinuria and rheumatoid arthritis. However, due to its antioxidant properties, it may be beneficial in a variety of other conditions. One primary obstacle to its wider application is its limited bioavailability, which necessitates administration of high systemic doses to achieve localized therapeutic effects. Incorporation of a drug delivery vehicle can solve this dilemma by providing a means of controlled, targeted release. Functionalized nanodiamond is a promising theranostic platform that has demonstrated great potential for biomedical applications, including drug delivery. Design of nanodiamond theranostic platforms requires comprehensive understanding of drug-platform interactions, and the necessary physical chemical investigations have only been realized for a limited number of compounds. Towards the long-term goal of developing a nanodiamond-tiopronin treatment paradigm, this study aims to shed light on the effects of nanodiamond surface chemistry on adsorption and release of tiopronin. Specifically, adsorption isotherms were measured and fit to Langmuir and Freundlich models for carboxylated, hydroxylated, and aminated nanodiamonds, and release was monitored in solutions at pH 4.0, 5.8, 7.3, and 8.1. Our results indicate that aminated nanodiamonds exhibit the highest loading capacity while hydroxylated nanodiamonds are the most effective for sustained release. Therefore, a high degree of flexibility may be afforded by the use of nanodiamonds with different surface chemistries optimized for specific applications.

Use of nanodiamond for absorption of aerosol particles

Fine dust and fog which are formed on some productions are known to be a harmful factor of the environment. Particles of aerosol with a characteristic size less than 20 microns are especially hazardous to man health. Various ways, for example, electric precipitators and ultrasonic coagulation are applied to their catching. One of the new offered ways of neutralization of harmful aerosol structures is spraying in the air of nanostructural powder of a sorbent. Nanodiamond can be used as such sorbent, and electrostatic charging of particles can significantly increase the speed and efficiency of sorption. The purpose of work consists in the description of a method of neutralization of fine aerosol by means of the nanodiamond powder which is specially sprayed in the air with the electrostatic. Research methods: mathematical modeling, optical methods of measurement of dispersion and concentration of aerosol. The mathematical model of coagulation of aerosols based on an integrated type of the equation of Smolukhovsky with a type of the kernel considering a charge of particles allows calculating the speed of coagulation and sedimentation of aerosol. The electrostatic charge of sorbent particle is shown to lead to a significant acceleration of processes of coagulation and to interactions of a sorbent with sorptive. Results of a pilot and theoretical study of processes of electrostatic coagulation of fine aerosols are given in the article. Comparison of estimated and experimental results of the dynamics of coagulation and sedimentation of electrostatic charged and electroneutral particles of nanodiamond and sorbents with a larger initial size of particles is led. The characteristic time of interaction of particles of a sorbent with particles of harmful aerosol media is determined, the time of sedimentation of an aerosol cloud depending on the size of particles of a sorbent and a method of their dispersion. Results of work can be used in the systems of cleaning of the air environment off harmful aerosol emissions.