Use Of Mixed Solutions Research Articles

POS-669 OVERHIDRATION TREATMENT WITH COMBINED CRYSTALLOID PLUS COLLOID PD SOLUTION

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids used colloid or crystalloid solutions to achieve ultrafiltration. Here we presented our clinical experience with the intraperitoneal (IP) use of mixed solutions (MS) (crystalloid plus colloid) to treat overhydration.

Water–ethanol CuOx nanoparticle colloids prepared by laser ablation: Colloid stability and catalytic properties in nitrophenol hydrogenation

Colloidal nanoparticle catalysts play a decisive role both in the implementation of a number of important industrial processes, including the hydrogenation of nitro compounds, and in fundamental studies of catalytic reactions on nanoparticles. The laser ablation in liquid (LAL) is a promising method to prepare nanoparticle colloids, and the use of mixed solutions as a medium can be attractive for both preparation of stable colloids and their application in catalysis. While using the LA in water-ethanol solutions, the stable colloids of CuOx NPs demonstrating high catalytic activity in the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) hydrogenation were prepared. The reasons for the instability of colloids obtained in water and alcohol as well as the stabilization of colloids in water-ethanol solutions were considered. The results obtained contribute to the understanding of the lower catalytic activity of the studied CuOx catalyst in ethanol and other non-aqueous solvents. The presence of ethanol in the reaction medium was found to have an inhibitory effect on the 4-NP reduction kinetics due to the alcohol adsorption on the catalyst surface that is well described within the framework of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.

SO007OVERHYDRATION TREATMENT WITH COMBINED CRYSTALLOID AND COLLOID PD SOLUTION

Abstract Background and Aims Peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids used colloid or crystalloid solutions to achieve ultrafiltration. Here we presented our clinical experience with the intraperitoneal (IP) use of mixed solutions (MS) (crystalloid plus colloid) to treat overhydration. Method We studied the kinetics of 4-hour single-dwell exchange using 2L MS in 3 different sessions. We analysed IP fluids and IP pressure at 0,30,60,120 and 240 min plus blood samples at 0, 120 and 240 min. MS kinetics were compared with standard 4-hour 3.86 % glucose (GS) exchange. MS composition. We modified a single-dwell exchange of 2L Icodextrin (Extraneal, Baxter®) by adding a continuous 50% glucose infusion (50g Glucose per 100mL) in an aseptic technique through infusion pump (42 ml/h) over 4 hours. Results MS exchange induced a progressive increase in IP pressure with an inverse decrease in IP sodium, without significant changes in IP glucose or osmolarity. MS exchanges were well tolerated without side effects (total 25 sessions). We did not observe any remarkable change in bloods samples during the MS exchange. The combination fluid enhanced net ultrafiltration (mean 1030 ml) compared with GS (650 ml). Although the net glucose dispensed was slightly higher with MS (79 g MS vs 77.2 g GS), similar net glucose absorption was observed (49.8 g MS vs 49.9g GS) and smaller maximum intraperitoneal glucose levels (1739 mg/dL at 120 min with MS vs 2695 mg/dL with GS at 0 min). GS induced a faster initial reduction in dialysate sodium concentration while MS maintained the sodium sieving over 4-hour dwell enhancing net ultrafiltration due to sustained IP glucose concentration. Conclusion The combination fluid could be a new strategy to enhance ultrafiltration in PD patients, leaded by colloid osmosis at the beginning of PD exchange maintained by crystalloid osmosis. Figure (A) Intraperitoneal kinetics of MIXED SOLUTION for IP sodium (Na+ PF), Osmolarity PF and intraperitoneal pressure. (B, C, D) Comparison between MIXED SOLUTIONS (black line) vs Glucose solution 3,86 % (gray line) intraperitoneal kinetcs for sodium (B), intraperitoneal pressure (C) and glucose (D).

One-pot synthesis and the electrochemical properties of nano-structured nickel selenide materials with hierarchical structure

A facile one-pot method was reported for the synthesis of a series of nickel selenide nanocrystalline grown in situ on nickel foam with a 3D framework via the use of mixed solution. Through adjustment of the composition of mixture solution, reaction temperature and reaction time, NiSe nano-dandelion arrays, Ni3Se2 with 3D pine branch-shape structure and nano-sized grass-like Ni0.95Se arrays were obtained. The process of the synthesis of nickel selenide nano-dandelion arrays has been proposed in this paper. This method provided a suitable nucleation and growth environment in a uniform and transparent solution reaction system. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of all the as-prepared nickel selenide have been studied. This study addresses a general technology to fabricate oriented nanostructured films of nickel-based chalcogenides on substrates and may give a way to construct nanostructures with different composition to optimize various properties.

Silicon template fabrication for imprint process with good demolding characteristics

Demolding force for thermal imprint process to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) film is examined by use of Si templates with various side wall profiles. Patterns with tapered side wall profile can be fabricated by control of etching conditions. Side wall profile can be smoothened by anisotropic etching by use of mixed solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution and isopropyl-alcohol. It is confirmed that demolding force can be reduced when mold with tapered side wall pattern is used. Demolding force can be greatly reduced by KOH treatment. Especially, when the template with taper and smooth side wall patterns is used, demolding force is below our measurement system limit of 0.1 kgf. It is confirmed that the KOH treatment is very effective in order to reduce demolding force.