Use Of Metallic Implants Research Articles

Intramatrix rotation--the frontal bone.

Intramatrix rotation during growth and development was studied by 2-D cephalometric technique with the use of metallic implants in the frontal bone in five patients at the Centre for Craniofacial Anomalies, Malmö General Hospital. The analysis of the frontal bone in the five patients showed rotations of the corpus inside the periosteal matrix from 1 to 9.5 degrees in the mid-sagittal plane. The essential conclusion of these observations is that an intramatrix rotation takes place during the development of the frontal bone. This observation will stimulate further studies of its nature, amount, and direction.

The Case for Pedicle Fixation of the Lumbar Spine

Study Design This was a retrospective review of one surgeon's results using three different lumbosacral arthrodesis techniques: Group 1, no instrumentation; Group 2, Luque Rod and sublaminar wire technique; and Group 3, AO intrapeducular screw and plate technique. Objective To determine whether the use of metal implants results in a higher fusion rate. Once a solid arthrodesis is achieved, is this correlated with a good clinical result? Summary of Background Data Controversy persists regarding the value of the lumbosacral junction. Controversy also exists regarding the correlation of solid arthrodesis with relief of preoperative symptoms. Methods Three serial sequential populations (50 subjects each) undergoing varied primary multiple-level lumbosacral arthrodesis procedures were studied retrospectively. The ultimate clinical results of these three different surgical populations were studied after prolnged follow-up. Results Group one had a 14% fusion rate and a 4% complication rate. Group two had a 36% fusion rate and an 8% complication rate. Group three had a 64% fusion rate and an 18% complication rate. Complications were intraoperative dural tears and nerve root injuries. Patient satisfaction with each operative procedure to relieve preoperative low back pain was statistically correlated with whether a solid arthrodesis was obtained. Conclusion Intrapedicular fixation technique is the most reliable method for obtaining a solid multiple-level lumbosacral arthrodesis. Solid arthrodesis is correlated with a successful clinical result. Complications associated with the use of intrapedicular fixation were frequent but their occurrence demonstrated a “learning curve pattern.”

The Case for Pedicle Fixation of the Lumbar Spine

This was a retrospective review of one surgeon's results using three different lumbosacral arthrodesis techniques: Group 1, no instrumentation; Group 2, Luque Rod and sublaminar wire technique; and Group 3, AO intrapedicular screw and plate technique. To determine whether the use of metal implants results in a higher fusion rate. Once a solid arthrodesis is achieved, is this correlated with a good clinical result? Controversy persists regarding the value of the use of intrapedicular fixation to augment arthrodesis of the lumbosacral junction. Controversy also exists regarding the correlation of solid arthrodesis with relief of preoperative symptoms. Three serial sequential populations (50 subjects each) undergoing varied primary multiple-level lumbosacral arthrodesis procedures were studied retrospectively. The ultimate clinical results of these three different surgical populations were studied after prolonged follow-up. Group one had a 14% fusion rate and a 4% complication rate. Group two had a 36% fusion rate and an 8% complication rate. Group three had a 64% fusion rate and an 18% complication rate. Complications were intraoperative dural tears and nerve root injuries. Patient satisfaction with each operative procedure to relieve preoperative low back pain was statistically correlated with whether a solid arthrodesis was obtained. Intrapedicular fixation technique is the most reliable method for obtaining a solid multiple-level lumbosacral arthrodesis. Solid arthrodesis is correlated with a successful clinical result. Complications associated with the use of intrapedicular fixation were frequent but their occurrence demonstrated a "learning curve pattern."

Ion implantation in silicate glasses

This review examines the effects of ion implantation on the physical properties of silicate glasses, in particular, induced changes in optical properties, volume changes and consequent refractive index changes, and hardness alterations. In addition, the effects of chemical modification, either through direct interactions with the implanted species or through alkali depletion and crystallization, are discussed. The use of metal implants to form colloidal nanosize particles for increasing the non-linear refractive index is emphasized due to the importance for optoelectronic applications.

Arthroscopic Shoulder Stabilization

The use of metallic implants about the shoulder joint can be complicated by loosening, migration, and breakage of the implant. Bioabsorbable implants would be an ideal solution to this problem if their bioabsorption profile could be fine tuned to appropriately share stress with the healing tissues. The development of such an implant must satisfy four basic criteria: (1) The bioabsorbable implant must have adequate initial fixation strength to coapt the soft tissues to bone; (2) The implant's bioabsorption profile must enable it to retain satisfactory strength while the healing tissues are regaining mechanical integrity; (3) The implant must not bioabsorb too slowly or it will behave like its metal counterpart with breakage and migration; and (4) The implant must be made of materials that are completely safe: no toxicity, antigenicity, pyrogenicity, or carcinogenicity.

Metal release from plates used in jaw fracture treatment. A pilot study

This study investigated the occurrence of corrosion associated with the use of metallic implants to stabilize jaw fractures. Three different types of plates, Co-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys and Titanium, were connected in vivo to the mandibular bone surface of monkeys ( Cercopithecus aethiops). The animals were killed after 3 and 6 months. The mucous membrane and bone tissue were analysed for concentrations of Co, Cr, Ni, Mo, Al, and Ti by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and a radiochemical neutron activation technique. With the exception of Ti, higher concentrations of all the above elements were found in the tissue near the implants when compared with contralateral controls. However, no signs of corrosion, macroscopic or microscopic, were observed on the surface of the implants.

A method of recording change in maxillary position following orthognathic surgery

A method is described for recording changes in jaw position following orthognathic surgery where conventional landmarks may have been altered. Changes during and following surgery to the maxilla are investigated. The method errors are of the same order as those for conventional cephalometric methods for recording maxillary position with the use of metal implants.

Roentgen Stereometry in the Study of Craniofacial Anomalies—the State of the Art in Sweden

The paper is a review of ten years' experience with the method for Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis (RSA) which was presented by Selvik in 1974. The RSA was developed for the study of bone displacement in three dimensions and intended for clinical use. The accuracy of the recordings is about 0.1 degrees for rotations about and 0.05 mm for translations along any one of the three cardinal axes of the head. The method, based on the use of metallic implants, is essentially individual. Some results from our stereometric studies of patients with cleft lip and palate, hemifacial microsomia, craniofacial dysostosis (Crouzon syndrome) and dysgnathia are presented. The recordings concern the direction, the rate, and the amount of articular growth in the craniofacial sutures and the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). The information obtained is thus highly relevant to treatment planning and follow-up in craniofacial anomalies.

Roentgen stereophotogrammetry applied to the cleft maxilla of infants. I. Implant technique.

A new roentgen stereophotogrammetric method was developed for the study of the kinematics of the skeletal system. Based upon the use of metallic implants, this method determines the relationship between the implants as well as the change in position between skeletal segments provided with implants. The object and its positional changes or motion are reconstructed from two roentgenograms with the aid of photogrammetric principles and computer technique. The method requires insertion of three or more implants in each skeletal segment. When the implants remain in a stable interrelationship during the observation period a rigid-body model is obtained. In the analysis this represents the segment and motion is computed according to the kinematics of a rigid body. The present study is concerned with early establishment of rigid-body models in the segments of a cleft maxilla (part I) and registration of postoperative motion between the segments (part II). The experimental set-up consists of two X-ray tubes (0.6×0...

The use of metallic implants in the study of facial growth in children: Method and application

AbstractOn the basis of experience gained over a number of years, an account is given of the technique for insertion of the implants, the radiographic method, and the graphic procedure for preparation of growth tracings. Small pins of hard tantalum are hammered into the bone under local analgesia with a pencil‐shaped instrument, in the tip of which the implant is placed. No surgical exposure is necessary. Because of remodeling resorption of the bone and eruption of the teeth, the implants can be placed only in certain places in the maxilla and mandible.In implant studies it is necessary to observe a high level of reproducibility in positioning the head in the cephalostat. An X‐ray cephalostat with a built‐in image intensifier has been designed which enables the position to be monitored by televison.In the graphic procedure, drawings of the arches from dental casts are incorporated in tracings of profile radiographs; the paths of eruption of the teeth and development or the arches can then be examined with the metallic implants as references.

Metallic fixation of the mandible by open reduction: Case report of mandibular plating

T he use of metallic implants for the fixation of fractured facial bones provokes an interesting study into the development and tissue tolerance of metallic alloys. Certain basic principles appear to have evolved over the years from trial-anderror methods in use before a sound scientific approach began. Some of the early observations form the basis of present-day research and are responsible for the promulgation of today’s metallic-fixation techniques. Some of the interesting high lights and techniques are outlined and discussed in this article.