Use Of Key Performance Indicators Research Articles

Designing a Human Resource Management System for Performance Assessment using Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS) for Operators at PT. Polyland Indoteknik Bandung

Employee performance appraisal is a crucial aspect of enhancing organizational productivity and effectiveness. This research aims to develop a more robust performance appraisal system for factory operators at PT. Polyland Indoteknik Bandung employs the Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS) method. Through an analysis of the existing appraisal system, this study found that the sole use of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) is insufficient to measure complex behavioral aspects. Therefore, BARS is proposed as a more comprehensive method. The designed BARS system incorporates specific behavioral indicators relevant to the job of factory operators. Additionally, this research outlines an implementation strategy involving socialization, integration with existing systems, feedback provision, and periodic evaluation. The results indicate that BARS can improve the quality of performance appraisals and provide more constructive feedback to employees.

A sales force effectiveness framework for enhancing healthcare access through pharmaceutical sales and training programs

This paper introduces a conceptual framework aimed at enhancing sales force effectiveness within the pharmaceutical industry, specifically focusing on improving healthcare access through optimized sales training programs and customer relationship management (CRM) systems. The proposed framework recognizes the critical role that pharmaceutical sales teams play in facilitating healthcare delivery, particularly during public health crises. It emphasizes the integration of effective training strategies and advanced CRM tools to enhance engagement with healthcare professionals, thereby improving product distribution and patient outcomes. The framework comprises three essential components Sales Force Training Enhancement, which focuses on developing targeted training programs that equip sales representatives with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively communicate the value of pharmaceutical products to healthcare providers. This includes understanding clinical data, addressing healthcare providers’ concerns, and fostering a consultative selling approach. Secondly, CRM System Implementation, which underscores the significance of adopting robust CRM systems that streamline interactions between sales teams and healthcare professionals. By leveraging data analytics and customer insights, pharmaceutical companies can tailor their approach to meet the specific needs of healthcare providers, thereby enhancing relationship-building and communication. Thirdly, engagement and Outcome Measurement, which highlights the importance of measuring engagement levels and patient outcomes resulting from effective sales strategies. This component advocates for the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) to assess the impact of training and CRM initiatives on product distribution and healthcare access. The framework ultimately aims to foster a more collaborative environment between pharmaceutical sales teams and healthcare professionals, ensuring that patients receive timely access to essential medications and services. By focusing on the strategic integration of training and CRM systems, this framework presents a comprehensive approach to improving sales force effectiveness in the pharmaceutical sector. Future research and practical applications of this framework can further explore its implications for enhancing healthcare access, particularly in times of public health challenges.

FEATURES OF THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INVESTMENT AND CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS UNDER CONDITIONS OF BALANCED DEVELOPMENT

The development and implementation of investment and construction projects on the basis of balanced development is critical for achieving sustainable growth. This article examines the key features and challenges associated with such projects, emphasizing the importance of integrating economic, environmental and social practices into construction activities. The study provides insights into best practices and strategies for effectively managing investment and construction projects to ensure long-term success and sustainability.The main goals of this article are the definition of the fundamental principles of balanced development in the context of investment and construction projects, the analysis of features that contribute to the achievement of balanced development.The article uses a comprehensive review of the literature and case studies, which allows for a holistic understanding of the multifaceted nature of investment and construction projects in conditions of balanced development. Emphasis is placed on the integration of sustainable development principles from the initial stages of design. This includes consideration of environmental impact assessment, efficient use of resources and use of sustainable materials and technologies. Also, the goal of project implementation is that the projects are economically feasible and provide long-term financial returns. This involves careful market analysis, cost-benefit analysis and risk management strategies to mitigate potential financial problems. The importance of involving all relevant stakeholders, including local communities, government bodies and investors, in the decision-making process is emphasized. Effective communication and collaboration are necessary to address diverse interests and reach consensus. Ensures compliance of projects with national and international rules and standards. This applies to environmental regulations, building regulations and labor legislation. Compliance minimizes legal risks and increases project credibility.Focused on optimizing the use of resources such as materials, labor and time, implementing lean construction methods and advanced project management practices can increase efficiency and reduce waste.The implementation of advanced technologies such as building information modeling (BIM), automation and renewable energy systems increase design accuracy, reduce costs and increase sustainability. Conformity of construction work to established quality standards, regular inspections, testing and adherence to best practices are critical to obtaining high quality results.Constant monitoring of project progress and effectiveness is emphasized. The use of key performance indicators (KPIs) and regular evaluations help to identify problems early and make the necessary adjustments.The development and implementation of investment and construction projects in conditions of balanced development requires a complex and integrated approach. By prioritizing sustainability, economic viability, stakeholder engagement and regulatory compliance, stakeholders can ensure these projects contribute positively to long-term growth and development. The paper provides a road map to navigate the complexities of such projects, ultimately contributing to a more resilient and sustainable human-made environment

Key performance indicators in pre-hospital response to disasters and mass casualty incidents: a scoping review.

The objective of this study was to offer a comprehensive synthesis of the existing Key performance indicators (KPIs) used in the evaluation of the pre-Hospital response to disasters and mass casualty incidents (MCIs). At the end of December 2022 a scoping review has been performed on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Medline to identify articles describing the use of KPIs to assess the performance of first responders during the prehospital phase of an MCI (real or simulated). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, fourteen articles were included in the analysis. Eleven articles applied indicators in exercises and/or simulations. Two articles proposed new KPIs, and one used KPIs for developing a model for benchmarking pre-Hospital response. All articles analyzed quantitative indicators of time, whereas two studied indicators of structure, of process, and of outcome as well. The findings from this review emphasize the need for employing common terminology and using uniformed data collection tools, if obtaining standardized evaluation method is the goal to be achieved.

Formation of an effective mechanism of accumulation and use of resources of a budgetary institution

The article proposes to consider the structure of the mechanism for accumulating and using the resources of a budgetary institution aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of its functioning. Moreover, special attention is paid to such functional blocks as planning and accounting, resource attraction, risk management, control and audit of resource efficiency. The directions of further development of this mechanism are substantiated, including those related to the use of key performance indicators by budgetary institutions (their main managers), as well as to improving the skills and expanding the competencies of internal controllers (through the use of modern data analytics tools) in order to improve the quality of the control function.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CROSS-INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF ENERGY SAVING PROGRAMS IN THE LIFE CYCLE OF BUILDINGS

This article is devoted to the study of the possibility of energy saving of buildings. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the role of efficiency of energy saving programs is currently growing. The novelty of the research lies in the development of methodology and new approaches for the analysis of energy saving. The author suggests cross-industry indicators of strategic management of energy saving programs. They can provide analysis of a wide range of useful information to confirm the costs of investment, operation and efficiency of a project. Information modeling of buildings is used as the basis of the research in the article. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the author has developed cross-sectoral indicators of strategic management of energy saving programs. The author proposes a calculation of energy saving taking into account such new indicators as indicators in terms of replacement cost, indicators of power losses, environmental impact, reliability indicators. A methodology for assessing the impact of energy management solutions and the use of key performance indicators is proposed. The methodology consists of a preparatory stage and a two-stage assessment. It can be used to quantify specific aspects or objectives of a project, such as economic feasibility, environmental impact, reliability and quality of electricity. In the study, the author used general scientific methods of systematization and classification of data, methods of statistical processing and generalization, logical, comparative and system analysis, as well as mathematical methods.

Key performance indicators to inform evaluation of wound care programmes for people with complex wounds: a protocol for systematic review.

The objective of the systematic review is to examine and summarise the available evidence in the literature of the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) to inform evaluation of wound care programmes and services for people with hard-to-heal (complex) wounds. The need for wound care is expected to grow with the continued ageing of the population and the resulting increased development of chronic conditions. This expected increase necessitates improvement of wound care programmes and services and their ability to deliver quality, evidence-based and cost-effective practice. The current literature lacks a systematic assessment of KPIs to inform evaluation of wound care services and programmes across various settings, and how the KPIs are used to improve the quality of wound care and achieve desired outcomes. This protocol sets out how the systemtic review will be undertaken. Primary studies will be screened from databases such as MEDLINE, CINAHL and Scopus, with unpublished studies and grey literature retrieved from Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. The study titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers, using Covidence systematic review software to ensure they meet the inclusion criteria, who will then proceed with data extraction of the full-text using the standardised data extraction instrument. The reference lists of all studies selected for critical appraisal will be screened for additional publications. The two independent reviewers will critically appraise all studies undergoing full-text data extraction using the appropriate checklist from JBI SUMARI. At all stages, differences between reviewers will be resolved through discussion, with adjudication by a third, independent reviewer. Data points will be analysed with descriptive statistics and grouped, based on programme characteristics and publication status. Grey literature and peer-reviewed publications will form separate analyses. To answer review questions, the data will be summarised in a narrative format. A meta-analysis is not planned. At the time of writing, this protocol has been implemented up to the preliminary literature search. This review will address a current literature gap and systematically identify KPIs in wound care, allowing for programmes to evaluate their quality of care and improve their services in a methodical manner.

EVALUASI PRAKTIK AKUNTABILITAS PEMERINTAHAN DI KOTA KENDARI

This study evaluates government accountability practices in Kendari City as a representation of the condition of local government in Indonesia. Qualitative methods were used by involving various parties, and the results showed the Kendari City government's focus on efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and community participation. The evaluation results are based on the use of Key Performance Indicators and Government Institutional Accountability and Performance Reports. The Kendari City Government maintains the Unqualified Fair opinion of BPK RI, even though there are indicators that have not been achieved. Policy recommendations include proactive publication, bureaucratic reform, increased transparency through financial reports, and community empowerment. This research is expected to provide guidance for stakeholders in improving accountability and quality of local governance in Kendari City.

СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МАРКЕТИНГУ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ МАЛОГО БІЗНЕСУ

Modern approaches to assessing the effectiveness of marketing at small businesses are key to ensure their sustainable development and competitiveness. In the context of globalization and the rapid development of digital technologies, small businesses face the need to adapt their marketing strategies in order to compete effectively in the market. This article highlights modern methods and tools for evaluating marketing performance that allow small businesses to measure the impact of their marketing efforts. The relevance of the topic is high, especially in the context of military conflicts that significantly affect economic stability and market conditions. War forces small businesses to rethink their marketing strategies, adapting them to rapidly changing conditions and unpredictable challenges. This includes exploring new distribution channels, refocusing on local needs and finding innovative ways to attract customers in conditions of limited access to resources and communication. It is also important to develop flexible marketing plans that can quickly adapt to changes in society and the economy caused by war. In this context, assessing the effectiveness of marketing becomes key to the survival and development of small businesses, which allows them not only to survive in difficult conditions, but also to find opportunities for growth and development even in the most difficult times. The main elements of modern marketing performance assessment are the use of key performance indicators (KPIs), big data analysis, social media monitoring, and the use of marketing analytics. These tools allow you to collect detailed information about consumer behavior, the effectiveness of advertising campaigns, as well as the impact of marketing efforts on sales and customer loyalty. Also, an important aspect is the integration of digital marketing. Particular attention should be paid to website optimization for search engines (SEO), content marketing, e-commerce, as well as the use of digital communication channels such as social media, email, mobile marketing. Taking into account the specifics of small businesses, such as limited resources and the need to quickly adapt to changes, is key in choosing methods for evaluating efficiency. Effective use of analytical tools and approaches helps small businesses to develop flexible and targeted marketing strategies that promote their development and growth in a competitive market environment. Effective marketing helps to attract new customers, maintain existing ones, and increase overall competitiveness in the market. Measuring and analyzing the results of marketing campaigns allows small businesses to better understand their audience and adapt strategies to changing market conditions.

'Selling the Third Sector' - Critical Processes to Create Successful Marketing Initiatives for Charities and Other Nonprofit Organisations

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explore the marketing strategies and practices employed by charity and community organisations to engage with stakeholders, attract and retain funding, and raise their organisational profile. The study aims to provide an holistic view of marketing activities, identify unique selling points, define products or services, and target populations, compile customer profiles, and develop marketing initiatives tailored to individual requirements. Methods: The research employed a mixed-methods approach, involving interviews with practitioners and a review of key articles from principal journals. Data was extracted using inductive methods, and recommendations were formulated using a systems approach to assist practitioners in creating successful marketing initiatives. Findings: The study identified key themes and practices in marketing strategies for charity and community organisations. These included the importance of identifying unique selling points, defining products or services and target populations, compiling customer profiles, and developing tailored marketing initiatives. The findings also highlighted the need for diversification of funding sources, evaluation of potential activities using organisational principles, and the use of key performance indicators to define standards of delivery. Originality: This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive framework for marketing strategies in charity and community organisations. Unlike previous studies that have focused on specific aspects of marketing, this study offers a holistic view of marketing activities, including the identification of unique selling points, customer profiling, and tailored marketing initiatives. The use of a systems approach in formulating recommendations adds to the originality of the study. Keywords: charity marketing, community marketing, unique selling point, customer profiles, key performance indicators, funding diversification

Методичне забезпечення організації маркетингового менеджменту на корпоративних підприємствах

The article examines the methodological toolkit for determining the economic efficiency and effectiveness of the organization of marketing management at corporate enterprises. In today's business environment, where competition reaches a global scale, strategic marketing plays a key role in ensuring the success of corporate enterprises. The author emphasizes that effective marketing management allows companies not only to survive, but also to ensure stable development and increased profits. The lack of universal and adapted to specific conditions methodological tools for evaluating the economic effectiveness of marketing activities is a serious problem, which can lead to inadequate evaluation of results and erroneous strategic decisions. The analysis of recent studies has shown that modern marketing management requires a comprehensive approach to evaluating the effectiveness of measures. Determining investment attractiveness and implementing digital innovations are key aspects that contribute to improving economic efficiency and marketing effectiveness. Integration of the latest technologies and strategic management allow enterprises to adapt to dynamic market conditions and ensure long-term competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive methodological toolkit for evaluating the economic efficiency and effectiveness of marketing management at corporate enterprises. The toolkit includes cost and revenue analysis, ROI calculation (return on investment), evaluation of the impact on the brand and customer loyalty, use of the Balanced Scorecard approach, sensitivity analysis and systematic use of key performance indicators. This approach allows taking into account the specifics of large corporate organizations and adapting to dynamic market conditions. The conclusions emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach to the organization of marketing management and the development of an adequate methodological toolkit for assessing its effectiveness, which takes into account the dynamics of external and internal management conditions of corporate enterprises. The integration of digital technologies and the use of big data are key elements in modern marketing management, which allows to increase the effectiveness of marketing efforts and ensure the long-term success of corporate enterprises.

ЗНАЧЕНИЕ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

The article discusses the use of key performance indicators that allow measuring re-sults and adjusting a company's strategy. The indicators influence the marketing policy of an enterprise, providing companies with the opportunity to effectively attract the target audience and instantly respond to market changes. The table shows the assessment of the attractiveness of advertising for users and its impact on the optimization of ads and budgets, the cost of attracting one user through advertising, audi-ence reach and optimization of targeting settings to increase visibility. The digital marketing tool allows you to assess how fully the site is represented in search engines and determine the effectiveness of using key queries that affect positions in search results. Key performance indicators determine marketing costs, provide an assessment of the long-term value of the client and the growth of the client base and the success of marketing activities. The return on investment indicator measures the effectiveness of content marketing in achieving business goals and the effectiveness of investments in social networks to create brand awareness and conversions. The need for an integrated use of the studied indicators to optimize marketing strategies, capitalize and scaling a business is summarized.

Measuring Circularity: Tools for monitoring a smooth transition to Circular Economy

The linear economy of today's society conflicts with many environmental, social, and economic challenges. Therefore, the implementation of the Circular Economy model is prioritized by policymakers and the research community. The European Union is in accord with the smooth transition towards a Circular Economy through the Circular Economy Strategy, The European Green Deal (carbon neutrality by 2050) as well as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. Replacing the conventional business models with circular business models entails a change in technological aspects involving the R strategies (refuse, reduce, recycle, etc.). For a beneficial transition, Circular Economy should be monitored to give out quantitative measurable data. Quantifying Circular Economy can be achieved through the use of Key Performance Indicators, Life Cycle Analysis, Material Flow Analysis as well as the use and development of quality protocols (ISO/TC 323). Such tools will aid with measuring Circular Economy performance (urban or industrial), support decision-making (policymakers, CEOs, etc.) and highlight strengths, weaknesses, blind spots and opportunities regarding circularity. This research analyses the use of monitoring of three main monitoring tools in the framework of Circular Economy using SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) to provide a collective understanding on the implementation of Circular Economy in different settings (urban, industrial, domestic) and provide a clearer pathway towards this transition. The three tools analysed were Key Performance Indicators, quality protocols and digitalization while a hybrid approach was proposed to tackle the shortcomings and utilize the strengths of each of the three methods. The results of the study are expected to provide context to policy makers, academics, the industry, economists and other key players into the synergies necessary for circular economy implementation as well as the necessity of data collection and continuous monitoring for a smooth transition towards circularity.

Promoting Energy Efficiency and Emissions Reduction in Urban Areas with Key Performance Indicators and Data Analytics

With the increasing demand for sustainable urban development, smart cities have emerged as a promising solution for optimizing energy usage, reducing emissions, and enhancing the quality of life for citizens. In this context, the combined use of key performance indicators (KPIs) and data analytics has gained significant attention as a powerful tool for promoting energy efficiency and emissions reduction in urban areas. This paper presents a comprehensive conceptual framework in which a series of KPIs are proposed to serve as essential metrics for guiding, monitoring, and assessing energy efficiency and emissions reduction levels in smart cities. Some of the included KPIs in the analysis are 'annual energy consumption per person', 'reduction in greenhouse gas emissions', 'public transport use', and 'adoption of renewable energy'. By incorporating these KPIs, city planners and policymakers can gain valuable insights into the effectiveness of sustainability initiatives. Furthermore, the paper explores how the integration of KPIs with data analytics can be used for monitoring and assessing the overall performance of the city in terms of energy efficiency, emissions reduction, and the enhancement of urban living conditions. Visualization tools, such as radar plots, and time series analysis forecasting methods allow data to be processed and patterns to be identified, enabling informed decision-making and efficient resource allocation. Real-life case studies of ongoing smart city projects are presented in the paper, which also provides a KPI comparison among different European cities, as well as models to forecast the evolution of KPIs related to energy usage and emissions reduction in different European cities.

Key performance indicators in short-term rental accommodation

PurposeThe boom of new players in the accommodation sector has led to an increase in the level of competitiveness and has highlighted the importance of using key performance indicators (KPIs) in organisational decision-making processes as efficient tools for thriving in the growingly competitive environment. This study aims to assess the use of KPIs by owner-managers of small and medium-sized short-term rental accommodation (STRA) units.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this aim, this research encompasses two different primary data collection methods conducted in 2021. Firstly, from April to May, a set of exploratory interviews with experts within the STRA domain was planned. Secondly, an intensive data collection, from June to September, included an online questionnaire with close-ended questions to a sample of all the companies that manage STRA units in Portugal.FindingsThese managers tend to use more widely financial and operational KPIs that depict relationships with guests and reflect the activity of the STRA units, the external environment and the innovation level. Moreover, younger managers and those with higher levels of education tend to use a “monitoring review of digital platforms” KPI, while less experienced managers use financial and operational KPIs and senior and higher experienced managers place greater value on KPIs associated with customer relationships.Originality/valueSTRA units hold a very relevant position in the hospitality industry, and it is urgent to generate more information to better understand this growing subsector. This research contributes to the literature providing evidence on the importance of KPI to STRA units, for owner-managers and for urban tourism, considering their growth, proliferation and importance for the planning of cities by destination management organisations.

Особенности использования ключевых показателей эффективности предприятиями розничных торговых сетей

The article examines the main features of the creation and implementation of the system of key performance indicators in enterprises that are part of large retail trade networks. Priority problems of their application in the daily activities of the stores are identified. A generalized classification of indicators is given, their most common types used in the field of trade are characterized: conversion, sales plan, average receipt, average number of units in the receipt, hourly efficiency coefficient, percentage of return, customer satisfaction. Based on the spe-cifics of retail trade as a field of activity, the possibilities of evaluating the most important indicator of efficiency – customer loyalty for various categories of customers are shown. The analysis of the personnel structure of one of the trading enterprises is carried out. Considered the system of bonuses for categories of different em-ployees. Formed a system to assess the index of customer happiness and gave a scheme for its calculation, which is weighted by importance the sum of the main estimates of satisfaction. The dependence of the bonus coefficient of various categories of employees on the value of the customer happiness index for different cate-gories of employees is shown. Proposals for improving the use of key performance indicators to stimulate em-ployees of retailers have been developed.

Can payment by results ensure equitable access to contraceptive services? a qualitative case study

BackgroundThe Leave No One Behind (LNOB) agenda compels sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) implementers to focus on the multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination and inequalities. One strategy to address these is Payment by Results (PbR). Using the Women’s Integrated Sexual Health (WISH) programme as a case study, this paper examines if and how PbR can ensure equitable reach and impact.MethodsGiven the complexity of PbR mechanisms, a theory-based approach was used in the design and analysis of this evaluation, drawing on four case studies. These were conducted by reviewing global and national programme data and by interviewing 50 WISH partner staff at national level and WISH programme staff at global and regional levels.ResultsThe case studies found that inclusion of equity-based indicators in the PbR mechanism had demonstrable effects on people’s incentives, on how systems work, and on modes of working. The WISH programme was successful in achieving its desired programme indicators. The use of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) clearly incentivised several strategies for service providers to innovate and reach adolescents and people living in poverty. However, there were trade-offs between performance indicators that increased coverage and others that increased equitable access, as well as several systemic challenges that limited the possible incentive effects.ConclusionsThe use of PbR KPIs incentivised several strategies to reach adolescents and people living in poverty. However, the use of global indicators was too simplistic, resulting in several methodological issues.

Comments on the use of Key Performance Indicators in evaluating the Organization of Fracture Liaison Services

In recent years Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) have been established worldwide to reduce the number of fractures due to osteoporosis. Within the framework of the global campaign «Capture the fracture» by International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), some questionnaires have been proposed to assess the quality of FLS’ organization. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are used to analyze the effectiveness of the FLS working at the patient level. Thanks to their use, it is possible to identify areas that need improvement, evaluate the effectiveness of the changes being made, and compare the quality of work in various FLS at the regional or country level. This article discusses approaches to the use and calculation of each KPI in practical healthcare in the Russian Federation, taking into account epidemiological data, national clinical guidelines, and the specifics of the organization of the healthcare system in our country.

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPI) AND WAYS OF THEIR APPLICATION IN THE FITNESS INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE

Introduction. The article examines modern approaches to assessing the performance of fitness club employees based on the use of key performance indicators (KPI) and analyzes operational and strategic KPI. The advantages and disadvantages of using key performance indicators (KPI) to evaluate the work of fitness club staff are determined. The purpose of the work is to determine the key performance indicators (KPI) of the fitness club staff and ways of their application in the fitness industry of Ukraine. Materials and methods: analysis; synthesis; comparison. Results. In the course of the study, the peculiarities of the application of key performance indicators (KPI) in fitness clubs of Ukraine are determined. The priority of the indicators should be determined taking into account their importance and necessity, that is, determine those indicators, the implementation of which contributes to the achievement of the goal. Examples of KPI that can ensure the effectiveness of the personal fitness trainer and the company's sales department are given. The implementation and effective use of key indicators will allow fitness clubs not only to achieve the set goal, but also to identify a number of problems that "inhibit" its achievement. It is shown that in order to create an effective system of key indicators of a fitness club, both professional skills (knowledge of the subject area, work experience, qualifications) and competent intuition and a creative approach are necessary. The advantages of using KPI for employees of fitness clubs are understanding the purpose of their work, awareness of personal benefit in case of success; analysis of the activities of subordinates, identification of problem areas, assessment of the quality of work of staff and managers; timely adjustment of plans and goals of the fitness club; feedback between employees and management. In this case, the main shortcomings are the incorrect interpretation of key performance indicators; excessive number of criteria; the need for global staff retraining, staff turnover. Conclusion. The future development and application of KPI in fitness clubs largely depends on the market conditions of the Ukrainian fitness market and the desire to integrate into the international market, as well as on the speed of management development and the effectiveness of management analysis in domestic fitness clubs.

Delivery planning as a method to increase control over design costs

Delivery planning is a method that determines which deliveries are expected to be delivered at any given time, and the dependency between different deliveries and stakeholders. This study aims to investigate whether the use of the delivery plan increases control over projects’ design costs and how Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are being used to increase the control over the project's design costs. It also identifies the benefits and disadvantages of early involvement of stakeholders in the planning process. The research is a qualitative case study with Livsvitenskapsbygget (LVB) project as the primary case. Supplementary data are collected through interviews from four Norwegian projects and one Dutch project. This study is limited to large construction projects and does not cover other types of projects.The study has documented results that indicate that delivery planning increases control over a project's design costs. The results show that using delivery planning reduces the need for iterations and increases predictability. Similarly, the proactive use of KPIs in delivery planning is found to be beneficial in controlling project design costs. Furthermore, the study identifies the benefits and disadvantages of early-stage broad involvement of stakeholders in the design phase. The researchers underline the need for further research in this area, as it indicates that it will have a positive impact on the productivity of the construction industry.