In the preparation of this brief outline the writer has confined himself to the use of material studied in the laboratory of the Elmira Reformatory during the past twelve months. The psychological laboratory emphasizes the personal side of the criminal. It grades his mentality through the use of intelligence tests and thus determines his (legree of efficiency. It also tabulates the kind, or quality, of his mental departures and so affords a valuable cross-reference study of the case. Furthermore, it penetrates into the sub-conscious and analyzes the character and personality of the individual at close range. This method has given us a new and interesting view of the epilepsies. Students of this mysterious disease type have long quibbled over its actual causation. Some of them still adhere tenaciously to the theory that organic brain changes are always present, but cite no constant lesion to substantiate their claim; others believe that the presence of a toxin in the blood is the actual cause of the trouble, and Reed has discovered an organism in the blood of epileptics which he claims is not found in that of other individuals and to which he attributes specific qualities. Another contingent insists that we are dealing with a neurosis closely simulating the hysterias. An enthusiastic advocate of this particular hypothesis has recently declared that there are no epilepsies, but that we are dealing with a distinct type of nervous susceptibility, and that the manifestations by which we diagnose epilepsy are only the natural resultants of irritation on this particular type of nervous system. Clark of the Freudian School declares with startling audacity that epilepsy is due to the unconscious striving for expression of certain arrested and immature sex emotions.