Use Of Geographic Information Systems Research Articles

Flood risk assessment, a case study in an arid environment of Southeast Morocco

Abstract Since the early 1980s, several regions of Morocco have experienced alternating series of wet and dry periods related to climate change, with significant consequences for the country’s economy. This study aims to map flood hazards by using a hydraulic modeling approach, with a specific focus on the Oued (river) Zaouiat Sidi Hamza passing through Zaouiat Sidi Hamza township belonging to the High Ziz watershed (province of Midelt, region of Drâa-Tafilalet, Morocco). Hydraulic modeling and flood simulation were carried out followed by mapping of the flood hazard. The Oued Zaouiat Sidi Hamza River can cause torrential flooding issues, particularly during periods of heavy storms, impacting agricultural land and certain buildings on both river banks. All the cultivated areas developed alongside the river are at risk of flooding. Moreover, undermining and erosion of the river’s banks lead to rising high-water levels and flooding agricultural terraces. The use of geographic information systems and hydraulic modeling tools is essential to gain a deeper understanding of this situation. Also, the mapping of lineaments and fractures in the study area, carried out by satellite image processing, helped to quantify the directional influence of these lineaments on the flow of the hydrographic network, on the orientation of the circulation of surface water, and on the storage of groundwater. According to this study, the most vulnerable areas to flooding and erosion are those that receive the most water in the basin and have steep slopes. Decision-makers can use the results to produce development plans tailored to combat these risks and raise awareness among the population concerned, improving water resource evaluation and forecasting, as well as improving agricultural production.

SUITABILITY ANALYSIS FOR URBAN BICYCLE TOURISM OF ILOILO CITY USING GIS

Abstract. Urban bicycle tourism refers to the recreational and enjoyable use of bicycles in navigating urban cities like Iloilo City. The city has already established an 11-kilometer cycling infrastructure within its boundaries. It is imperative to maximize its use to combat the negative impacts of rapid urbanization and promote safe and sustainable transportation. This paper shows the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to assess the bike lanes network's suitability and accessibility for building a bike-sharing system that also caters to drop-off and ride-on points at each station. Deletion of duplicates and cleaning of road network data and tourist attraction point data was performed prior to any analysis. Service areas were generated to determine the number of tourist attractions catered by each potential bike share station – defined by main road intersections. Point distance analysis was performed to reduce the number of road intersections to just thirty-nine (39). Bicycle route maps and itineraries were produced to visualize the optimal routes tourists can use for exploring the city based on preferred sites category. From here, Route Analysis was conducted to create four (4) itineraries based on tourism categories: Top 10 Most Rated Tourist Attractions, Food and Dining, Museums and Churches, and Shopping and Leisure. The output maps and itineraries can be presented to the City Tourism Office of Iloilo City as a decision support tool for its programs and policies regarding bike lanes.

СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИ ПОСІВУ ЗЕРНОВИХ КУЛЬТУР

Analyzing the latest innovations and technological improvements, the article aims to highlight the trends that determine the efficiency and stability of yields in the grain sector. The article examines digital and agricultural technologies that allow agricultural producers to optimize the processes of sowing grain crops. Digital solutions such as data analysis, artificial intelligence and the use of modern agricultural sensors are seen as key tools to improve productivity and optimize resources. Geospatial analysis, taking into account environmental aspects and ensuring sustainable development are also becoming an object of research. The article examines in detail how the use of geographic information systems and the latest ecologically oriented practices can contribute to agriculture that uses resources efficiently and preserves the environment. This article is designed to consider modern methods of sowing grain crops, which define a new stage in the development of the agricultural sector. We will explore innovative strategies, from digital analytics to geospatial solutions, that maximize crop efficiency and promote sustainable use of natural resources. The general emphasis of the article is to highlight promising and practically significant aspects of the use of modern methods of sowing grain crops. The article also considers the challenges that may arise when implementing the latest technologies and provides recommendations for their successful implementation in the agricultural sector.

Assessing carbon storage and sequestration benefits of urban greening in Nador City, Morocco, utilizing GIS and the InVEST model

In the 21st century, tackling climate change is an important challenge, and the absorption of CO2 via urban greening employing photosynthesis offers a potential answer to the climate issue. Within this work, the city of Nador is chosen as a case study. The initiative in question proposes an enhanced technique focused on estimating the advantages of urban greening in terms of carbon storage and sequestration. This technique combines the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools and the InVEST model, enabling the study of land use and land cover (LULC) scenarios within the location. These scenarios contain numerous alternatives, ranging from the adoption of intense and extensive green roofs to the establishment of gardens and woodland areas. The carbon storage modeling technique depends on the exploitation of land use maps, reinforced by a bibliographic examination of the key carbon reservoirs. The analysis of results from biophysical modeling indicates a considerable increase of over 45.36 % compared to the existing condition when the option of extensive green roofs is chosen. In the setting of extensive green roofs, this rise reaches a rate of 64.20 %. Furthermore, the restoration of the Gourougou forest north of the city leads to an increase of 70.30 %. The adoption of diverse combinations, such as the integration of green roofs with urban vegetation, greatly helps to further enhancing carbon storage. From a financial perspective, the additional value can range from $2,012,825.16 to $3,601,025.53, depending on the chosen scenario. This financial assessment highlights the possible advantages that might be converted into carbon credits in return for emission reduction, partially offsetting the expenses associated with the adoption of each greening solution. Ultimately, these findings give a chance for urban planners and green architecture professionals to perform in-depth planning analyses.

Advancing Urban Healthcare Equity Analysis: Integrating Public Participation GIS with Fuzzy Best–Worst Decision-Making

This study provides an innovative collaborative spatial decision support system (SDSS) that aims to ensure an equitable spatial distribution of healthcare services. Evaluating the equality of access to health services across different geographical areas is important, as it requires the analysis of various criteria such as the proximity of health centres and hospitals (HCHs), the quality of services offered, connectivity to primary roads, the availability of public transportation hubs, and the density and distribution patterns of HCHs. This purpose is accomplished via the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods. The proposed model includes the weights of the criteria, which are determined through the ordered weighted average (OWA) and evaluated based on their ORness, which ranges from 0 to 1. Furthermore, this model is improved by the best–worst fuzzy method (F-BWM). This approach produces a spatial map that clearly shows the equity of healthcare systems in urban environments. The findings show that the maximum score observed in this study was 0.38% (with an ORness value of 1), whilst the minimum score recorded was 0.28%. In the most severe scenario (ORness = 0), over 70% of the region shows different degrees of fairness, ranging from moderate to suitable and very suitable conditions. Governments and health authorities can use this information strategically to allocate resources and address inequities in access to healthcare facilities.

Utilizing Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery for LULC and NDVI Change Dynamics for Gelephu, Bhutan

Gelephu, located in the Himalayan region, has undergone significant development activities due to its suitable topography and geographic location. This has led to rapid urbanization in recent years. Assessing land use land cover (LULC) dynamics and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can provide important information about urbanization trends and changes in vegetation health, respectively. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques based on various satellite products offers a unique opportunity to analyze these changes at a local scale. Exploring Bhutan’s mandate to maintain 60% forest cover and analyzing LULC transitions and vegetation changes using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery at 10 m resolution can provide important insights into potential future impacts. To examine these, we first performed LULC mapping for Gelephu for 2016 and 2023 using a Random Forest (RF) classifier and identified LULC changes. Second, the study assessed the dynamics of vegetation change within the study area by analysing the NDVI for the same period. Furthermore, the study also characterized the resulting LULC change for Gelephu Thromde, a sub-administrative municipal entity, as a result of the notable intensity of the infrastructure development activities. The current study used a framework to collect Sentinel-2 satellite data, which was then used for pre-and post-processing to create LULC and NDVI maps. The classification model achieved high accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.89. The corresponding LULC and NDVI statistics were analysed to determine the current status of the LULC and vegetation indices, respectively. The LULC change analysis reveals urban growth of 5.65% and 15.05% for Gelephu and Gelephu Thromde, respectively. The NDVI assessment shows significant deterioration in vegetation health with a 75.11% loss of healthy vegetation in Gelephu between 2016 and 2023. The results serve as a basis for strategy adaption required to examine the environmental protection and sustainable development management, and the policy interventions to minimize and balance the ecosystem, taking into account urban landscape.

PelaSIG, a QGIS plugin for marine megafauna census: application to the aerial ACCOBAMS Survey Initiative dataset

The distribution of wild animals and their monitoring over large areas raises many logistical and technical difficulties that hinder the collection of observation data. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has increased significantly in recent years. QGIS, an open-source GIS software dedicated to the processing of geospatial data, enables the development of dedicated plugins for specific workflows. The open-source PelaSIG plugin has been developed in Python for QGIS 3 to facilitate and standardise the different steps before and after distance sampling surveys. It brings together a set of tools for survey preparation, automatic data checking, visualisation and presentation of survey effort and sightings to provide an adapted workflow. This plugin is currently designed to process dedicated aerial datasets collected with the SAMMOA software during marine megafauna surveys (i.e., marine mammals, seabirds, elasmobranchs, sea turtles, etc.). Here, we first describe the different tools already available, and then, we present an application with the dataset from the aerial survey of the ACCOBAMS Survey Initiative (ASI) conducted in 2018 over the Mediterranean Sea and using a multi-target protocol.

State of the Art on the Contributions and Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Epidemiology in Morocco

Background The Geographic Information System (GIS) plays a significant role in the healthcare information system. The use of GIS as an epidemiological research tool is very little known in Morocco. According to the Moroccan Ministry of Health's Health Plan for 2025, axis 23 aims to complete the deployment of the decision support information system through the implementation of the geographic information system with the goal of improving governance and optimizing resource allocation. This creates constraints in achieving the design of an appropriate GIS for modeling pathologies using remote sensing and spatial statistical methods. The current work aims to understand GIS and its applications in epidemiology, with a focus on the state of scientific knowledge related to GIS in epidemiological research. Methods A state-of-the-art review of the various uses of GIS in epidemiological research was conducted using several university databases, such as PubMed and Scopus, recent articles, and certain reference books, focusing on the following keywords: “utilization,” “GIS,” and “epidemiology,” as well as their synonyms identified by MeSH. Results The majority of GIS research applied to epidemiology primarily involves making observations using GIS, which are then incorporated into action plans to promote population health. Therefore, it is important to break down the aspects of GIS (Geographic Information System) usage in epidemiology into four components. These include epidemiological surveillance, determining primary healthcare needs, healthcare planning, and healthcare quality. Conclusion These results clearly demonstrate the significant contribution of GIS to the improvement of public health. However, there is a need for positive action regarding the integration of this system, especially in developing countries.

Facility Location Selection for Ammunition Depots based on GIS and Pythagorean Fuzzy WASPAS

The purpose of this study is to determine depot locations where expired ammunition will be controlled before being sent to recycling facilities. Expiration of ammunition means that using, transporting and even storing that ammunition where it is located poses a greater risk. For this reason, it is important to determine facility locations so that ammunition is stored in places that will least harm the environment and human health. The criteria to be used for ammunition depot location selection were determined through literature review, various researches and expert opinions. The proposed model is based on the combined use of Geographic information system (GIS) and multi-criteria decision making. For an example application of the model, a generic study on a district basis in Turkey is presented. Candidate depot locations were determined using GIS with the help of 6 main criteria and 18 sub-criteria. Then, candidate depot locations were ranked by the Pythagorean Fuzzy Set-based WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessing) method, taking into account the opinions of military experts for the main criteria. WASPAS method selected location A1 as the most suitable ammunition depot location. The results show that the proposed methodology can be practically applied.

Spatio-temporal Landuse/Landcover Dynamics in the Coastal Areas of Limbe and Douala IV Municipalities and Implications on Wetland Regulating Ecosystem Services

Globally, wetlands are ecological hot spots and as a result they supply a plethora provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services. Despite their functions, wetlands continue to degrade arising from urban developments (population growth and housing developments, road infrastructural developments, urban agricultures and usage of wetlands as dumpsites). These activities operate via land use/land cover changes at different scales in different areas depending on technology and needs of the population. This paper describes the implications of spatio-temporal land use/ land cover (LULC) dynamics in the Limbe I and III Municipality (L1&3Ms) and Douala IV Municipality (D4M) coastal areas from 1986 to 2022 on wetland ecosystem services. This research made use of Geographic Information System (GIS) technique in describing the land use/cover changes in the study areas. Primary data was obtained through field observations, questionnaires and ground truthing aim at confirming the observations on downloaded satellite imageries. Four Satellite images of different years (1986, 1999, 2013 and 2022) were downloaded from the United State Geologic Survey (USGS) Earth Explorer. Images were imported into Erdas Imagine, 2014 where preprocessing was done and Supervised Classification was adopted for the processing of the image to generate a raster format depicting the designed land cover/land uses; especially the wetlands which constituted one of the themes. Maps were generated to show changes in land use/cover which were transposed into tables and figures to show the trends in magnitude of changes, percentage of change and the rate of change. Within 36 years (1986-2022) built-up increased by 0.75km2 (0.36%) and 1.63km2 (0.45%) while wetlands retreated by -0.2km2 (-.96%) and -0.48km2 (-0.14%) in L1&3M and D4M respectively. Annually, wetlands decreased by - 97.04km2 and -191.54km2 while settlements/infrastructures increased by 294.33km2 and 644.46km2 over the same 36 year periods in L1&3Ms and D4M respectively. Base on wetland regulating services, changes in LULC has exposes neighbourhoods in L1&3Ms to flood vulnerability comprising the vulnerable, less vulnerable, least vulnerable and most vulnerable areas as opposed to two categories of neighbourhoods in D4M (most vulnerable neighbourhood’s and the less vulnerable neighbourhoods). Information on changes in land use-land cover is crucial in delineating impacted areas, understand the type of changes, their spatial patterns and the need for formulating proper urban planning and environmental preservation policies as well as updating these policies with time. GIS analysis of 1986, 1999, 2013, and 2022, indicated that, there have been significant modifications in observed LULC classes (forest cover, farmland and built-up land uses) over L1&3Ms and D4M.

A GIS-based approach for improving urban sanitation planning and services delivery: A case study from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Spatial planning and resource allocation are decisive factors in the effective delivery of sanitation services, especially in urban contexts. In low-income countries, the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the design and decision-making process in the delivery of such services is still very limited. This study, conducted in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, designs a GIS system with a data-oriented modelling infrastructure to assist and improve faecal sludge management (FSM) in the urban context. The estimation of faecal sludge (FS) daily production is achieved through field surveys and direct observations. The spatial planning system is further used to map and analyse the spatial distribution of existing FSM infrastructure, district-wise, address the inadequate distribution of emptying trucks parking lots within the city and therefore propose suitable sites for the establishment of new faecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs). Moreover, an optimal path planning circuit for faecal sludge collection, transport and evacuation is designed based on the minimization of travel distance to the nearest FSTP. The proposed framework leverages GIS in city-wide FSM, virtually appealing to all urban contexts across sub-Saharan Africa, and sheds light on urban planners and managers on the need to incorporate GIS infrastructure within urban services delivery.

Ecotourism carrying capacity of the Cotopaxi National Park, Central Ecuador

The present research is based on the calculation of the ecotourism carrying capacity of the trails and tourist sites of the Cotopaxi National Park (PNC), according to an established methodology, for which a variety of thematic maps were considered. These were used to calculate the real carrying capacity, which together with the management capacity of the park, its effective carrying capacity was calculated. The limiting magnitudes of the correction factors were obtained through in situ measurements, using the "Total Station M3" topographic equipment, which determined the lengths of the trails with corresponding problems, in addition to the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results obtained from the Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC) of the main trails of the PNC, reflect that the trails Limpiopungo lagoon and Parking lot –José Rivas shelter, with CCE values of 1086 people/day and 635 people/day respectively, are only exceeded during Ecuadorian national holidays

Use of Geographic Information Systems for the Determination of Potentially Polluting Routes in Toluca, Mexico

Use of Geographic Information Systems for the Determination of Potentially Polluting Routes in Toluca, Mexico

ГЕОДЕЗИЧНИЙ МОНІТОРИНГ ПРИ РОЗРОБЦІ КОМПЛЕКСНИХ ПЛАНІВ ПРОСТОРОВОГО РОЗВИТКУ

The purpose of the article is the development and research of a system for determining complex plans of spatial location and geometric characteristics using geodetic methods. The tasks set in the work are solved by analyzing the database of satellite geodetic and inertial measurement systems. Method. The application of satellite technologies, which allow determining the spatial position in automatic mode (shooting in motion), is a priority direction for solving the tasks of increasing the safety and efficiency of geodetic work in full in accordance with the strategic direction of scientific and technical development. The results. Since the 1950s, an intensive process of electronicization and automation has been observed in geodesy. Electronicization in geodesy made it possible to improve the technologies of performing geodetic works, to achieve higher productivity while increasing the accuracy of measurements. In principle, these processes and problems were internal to topographic and geodetic production and did not affect users directly. The first product that differed from traditional topographic maps and plans was digital terrain models. The first such model of the Earth's surface was created in 1957 in the USA at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was a model of the relief of the earth's surface and was intended for the design of highways, constructed objects by optimizing project solutions. With the development of electronic computers and data processing methods, new forms of presenting information about the earth's surface began to appear. Currently, the study and research of the natural environment is closely related to the use of geographic information systems and various types of geo-information resources: electronic digital maps and spatial databases, GIS services and many others. Geo-informational software complexes allow you to process a large volume of data obtained during various studies, as well as organize and regulate information that has a spatial reference. Various geographic information systems, such as 3D cartography and virtual reality, are described, which allows creating more visual and understandable representations of geographic information. Geovisualization and 3D modeling provide quick access to geodata. Scientific novelty. The joint use of satellite and inertial measurements for surveying is substantiated, a theoretical solution for data processing is performed, and a methodology for drawing up large-scale plans is proposed. The geodetic component of the development of complex plans has been updated. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used to develop complex spatial development plans with a geodetic component. In addition, the materials of the article can be used in geodetic and cartographic activities.

Integration of Geospatial Technologies in Geology: Opening New Economic Horizons

This article examines the impact of technological innovation on the geological sphere and its impact on economic processes. The study analyzed articles published in recent years on the impact of technological innovation on the geological industry and its impact on the economy. Geographic information systems have been found to play a critical role in geological activities. The study confirmed that the use of geographic information systems reduces the time and costs of geological research, and also increases the accuracy of the data obtained. In addition, another significant aspect of digitalization of the geological industry was studied, namely the use of Earth remote sensing methods. The introduction of digital technologies into the geological field has been shown to bring significant economic benefits. The Koraozek and Tebinbulak iron ore deposits in the Republic of Karakalpakstan are shown using remote sensing techniques. In general, the use of remote sensing of the Earth is a powerful tool for geological research, providing geologists with access to extensive and accurate information about the state of the Earth’s surface and its resources. This method plays an important role in modern geology, contributing to a more effective and accurate study of our planet and its resources.

Use of Geographic Information System and Digital Elevation Model to Analyze the Hydro-Morphometric Characteristics of the Tshopo River Sub-Catchments, Democratic Republic of Congo

Use of Geographic Information System and Digital Elevation Model to Analyze the Hydro-Morphometric Characteristics of the Tshopo River Sub-Catchments, Democratic Republic of Congo

Edukasi Epidemiologi Hipertensi Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Dan Pencegahan Hipertensi Di Kelurahan Bandarharjo Kota Semarang

Hypertension is a serious public health problem, with a significant contribution to global mortality and disability rates. This disease is predicted to continue to increase in the next few years. The aim of this study was to increase the understanding about hypertension and its prevention. The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is important in mapping and treating this disease. Through community service activities in Bandarharjo Village, knowledge about hypertension and prevention efforts can be increased. Discussion method as well as leaflet distribution have proven effective in increasing public understanding about hypertension. Evaluation of the activity showed an increase in participants' knowledge, confirming the importance of this approach in public health education. It is hoped that this activity can have a positive impact in the long term by increasing awareness and preventive measures for hypertension in the community.

GEODETIC PLANNING IN THE AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE: CREATION OF DIGITAL MAPS AND MODELS FOR LAND USE OPTIMIZATION

The article is devoted to the topical issue of geodetic planning in agro-landscape and its importance for efficient land use. The authors review modern methods and technologies for creating digital maps and models of agricultural landscapes based on the use of geographic information systems and aerial photography from unmanned aerial vehicles. Modern new approaches to geodetic planning within agrolandscapes are investigated. The requirements of the agricultural sector for digital mapping and modeling for the optimal use of land resources are determined. The tools for the formation of digital maps of agro-territories of united territorial communities are substantiated. Proposals for the use of geodetic methods for effective agro-landscape planning are formulated. The main attention is paid to the practical significance of the data obtained for optimizing land use, planning agricultural operations and rational use of land resources. The studied approaches and developments can be useful for farmers, landowners, ecologists and specialists in the field of geodesy. In the course of the study, a methodology and procedure for mapping agricultural landscapes using GIS and aerial survey materials using UAVs were developed. This methodology made it possible to obtain high-quality images of agricultural landscapes and develop a cartographic model in GIS based on them. The approach was successfully tested on the example of the selected model area near the ATC. The created digital map and database are promising for further research of agricultural landscapes. The research clearly shows that the data obtained as a result of UAV surveys is a high-quality source of reliable information. Aerial photography allows you to quickly create an accurate digital terrain model, which can serve as the basis for geographic information systems in the development of a number of thematic maps and terrain models important for the agricultural sector. The geographic information system makes it possible to visualize the main elements of agricultural landscapes as separate layers (e.g., relief, soil-forming rocks) with appropriate detailing of their characteristics in attribute tables. By combining different data sources, GIS allows you to create detailed maps of the agro-ecological conditions of a particular area. GIS can also be used to store information on field work, yields and other indicators, which ensures the rational management of agricultural processes on land plots.

Storytelling traditions of olonkhosuts of Khangalassky district

The study of regional traditions of olonkho is considered to be a relevant direction in Yakut folkloristics. According to the materials of S. D. Mukhopleva and N. A. Diakonova, research fellows of the Institute of Humanitarian Research and North Indigenous Peoples Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, about 60 olonkhosuts (olonkho tellers) lived on the territory of Khangalassky district since the 17th century. This indicates that the art of storytelling was quite widespread in Khangalassky district. The study of the storytelling tradition of olonkhosuts of Khangalassky district belongs to the little-studied topics in Yakut folkloristics. Object of the study is the storytelling traditions of Khangalassky district olonkhos. The subject of the study is olonkhosuts of Khangalassky district, forms of performing olonkho, and the areal of existence. The aim of the work is to study the performing tradition of the Khangalassky district olonkho. The following research methods were used in the article: descriptive method - to characterise the forms of everyday life; the cartographic method with the use of geographic information systems - to determine the areal of the olonkho tradition in Khangalassky district. As a result of the research we identified the names of 78 olonkhosuts from different sources: the reference book "Olonkhosuts of Yakutia", the bibliographic guide of Khangalassky district library, the Olonkho website, the Digital Archive of the Olonkho Research Institute of the North-Eastern Federal University, and from the memories of local residents. We divided the storytelling traditions of Khangalass olonkhosuts into 4 local groups: Malzhagar olonkhosuts, Maltan olonkhosuts, olonkhosuts of Erkeni area and olonkhosuts of Samyrtai area.

Practical use of geographic information systems in railway transport

The article considers the goals and objectives of geographic information systems (GIS). In today’s world, GIS is used in various fi elds such as geology, cartography, ecology, urban planning and transportation. GIS allows you to manage and analyze geospatial data, create maps and modeling environments. The article describes specific tasks that GIS solves, such as analysis and prediction of changes in geospace, process optimization, resource management and monitoring of changes in the environment. It also discusses new GIS technologies such as cloud computing and mobile applications that make GIS more accessible and user-friendly. The article notes that GIS are a powerful tool for making important decisions in various fi elds of science and industry.