Use Of Coping Strategies Research Articles

Professionally phubbed: A mixed-method experiment measuring the effects of phone snubbing behavior during a job interview

Phubbing (i.e., ignoring someone while using a phone) may occur at work, having an impact on the phubbee, the phubber, and the organization at large. We used a mixed-method experiment to examine the impact of phubbing on different work-related variables such as objective performance, subjective states, and first impression judgments during job interviews. Ninety-three participants took part in a simulated job interview based on the Trier Social Stress Test. In the experimental group, participants were repeatedly phubbed during both the interview and the performance test. At the end of the experiment, phubbed participants were asked to describe their experience, and thematic analysis was used to evaluate their responses. Overall, the results of the quantitative analysis revealed that first impressions, judgments, and subjective states were negatively affected by phubbing. Regarding performance, a within-session analysis revealed that participants performed faster on a performance test (mental arithmetic task) when they were not phubbed compared to when they were. A qualitative analysis of responses revealed considerable differences between interviewees in their use of coping strategies (e.g., rationalization of phubbing). These findings suggest the need to address phubbing in a professional setting.

The Role of Teacher Social-Emotional Support in the Prevention of Adolescent ATOD Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

We studied alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATOD) among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, hypothesizing that social-emotional support from teachers during the pandemic would lessen adolescent-reported use of ATOD in the last 30 days. A sample of 3,086 high school youth (51% girls; 45% youth of color) from seven U.S. communities participated in an anonymous online survey between March 2021 and July 2021. Data were analyzed using logistic regressions and structural equation modeling. Teacher social-emotional support predicted greater perceived risk from using ATOD (OR = 1.36-1.73), less 30-day ATOD use (OR = .65-.84), and greater perceived school cultural responsiveness, adolescent social-emotional competencies, and adolescent use of positive coping strategies. Social-emotional support from teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly related to students perceiving greater risk from using ATOD and reporting more social-emotional competence, which in turn contributed to less ATOD use in the last 30 days. School policies and practices that strengthen student-teacher relationships can help mitigate adolescent ATOD use.

Coping strategies of COVID-19 recovered patients at the Ghana Infectious Disease Centre.

The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a disease with diverse effects on multiple organ systems, leading to varying presentations and severe complications. As the pandemic progresses, the challenges faced by those who recovered from the disease evolved as various coping strategies were adopted post recovery. This study investigated the coping strategies used by individuals recovering from COVID-19 to manage the physical, psychological, and social impacts of the disease. It further explored the factors influencing these strategies and their correlation with post-recovery quality of life. This cross-sectional quantitative study involved 150 participants who attended the Ghana Infectious Disease Centre's post-COVID-19 review clinic between January and June 2021. Coping mechanisms were evaluated using the Brief-COPE questionnaire, which covers 28 strategies across three styles: Problem-focused coping, emotional-focused coping, and avoidant coping. Participants rated their coping strategies on a 4-point Likert scale. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences in use of coping strategies. Quality of life was assessed with the EuroQol Group Association five-domain, five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the EQ-VAS scale. Spearman correlation analyzed the relationship between coping strategies and quality of life. Majority of the study participants used problem-focused (2.71 ± 0.64 SD) type of coping strategy, followed by emotional-focused coping (2.32 ± 0.43 SD). The least strategy used was avoidant coping (1.57 ± 0.39 SD). Older participants, non-healthcare workers, and those with complications or persistent symptoms exhibited higher scores in avoidant and problem-focused coping. Those with persistent symptoms had higher emotional-focused coping scores. Better quality of life was associated with less reliance on all types of coping strategies. Patients recovering from COVID-19 at the Ghana Infectious Disease Centre used positive coping mechanisms effectively. Key predictors of coping strategies included age, persistent symptoms, and complications. Improved quality of life is correlated with reduced use of coping strategies.

Mediation of anxiety and coping strategies between severe discipline and interparental conflict with parenting stress.

Parenting stress is a complex process for parents who feel that the demands of their children upbringing overwhelm their roles. Parenting stress can be associated with anxiety, parental conflict and harsh discipline practices, and the use of coping strategies that positively buffer the effect of these variables on parents. Although the factors associated with parenting stress are well documented, the literature offers few models to explain the stress and the mediation of certain variables on Colombian families. The aim of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to analyze the mediation of anxiety and coping strategies in the relationship between 1) severe discipline and parenting stress, and 2) interparental conflict and parenting stress. A total of 1.373 fathers and mothers of Colombian children participated (Age M=40.57; SD=12.65). Questionnaires on parenting stress, severe discipline, perception of interparental conflict, anxiety and family functioning in crisis situations were applied. Severe discipline and interparental conflict accounted for 30% of parenting stress. Anxiety mediated the relationship between severe discipline and parenting stress. Anxiety and cognitive restructuring mediated the relationship between interparental conflict and parenting stress. The findings show that parenting stress interventions are important in reducing severe discipline and interparental conflict by managing anxiety and using coping strategies such as cognitive restructuring. Thus, these measures contribute to the well-being of families, favoring the integral development of children.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROBLEM SOLVING AND COPING WITH CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN MEDICAL STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between problem-solving and coping with chronic musculoskeletal pain in medical students. Material and Methods: A total of 245 medical students (140 female, 105 male) were included in this cross-sectional study, conducted between January 2024 and March 2024. Participants were recruited for the study via an online questionnaire using a snowball sampling technique. Coping with chronic musculoskeletal pain was evaluated using the Pain Coping Inventory (PCI). Problem solving was assessed using the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI). Results: The prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain among medical students was 80.8%. The median active coping subgroup score of the PCI was 2.0 (IQR, 1.63-2.38). The mean passive coping subgroup score of the PCI was 2.10±0.49. The mean PSI score was 86.7±18.8. The PSI scores were negatively correlated with the PCI active coping subscale score (r=-0.159, p=0.025) and positively correlated with the PCI passive coping subscale score (r=0.210, p=0.003) in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Multivariate regression analysis showed that PSI score was the only factor associated with the PCI active coping score in the participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain (B=-0.004, p=0.024) (R2=0.026). The PSI score (B=0.006, p=0.001) and VAS score (B=0.045, p=0.016) were factors associated with the PCI passive coping score (R2=0.079). Conclusion: Problem-solving skills may influence the use of coping strategies for musculoskeletal pain. The development of problem-solving abilities, and even the teaching of such abilities from an early age, may prove beneficial in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Associations of maternal emotional intelligence and coping strategies with diabetes management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the association between maternal emotional intelligence and coping strat[1]egies with diabetes management in adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with mothers of adolescents (aged 12–17 years) with type 1 diabetes (n = 75). Data collection instruments included the Trait Emotional Intelligence Question[1]naire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) and the Brief COPE, alongside a structured questionnaire covering diabetes man[1]agement and sociodemographic factors. The primary outcome measure of diabetes management was glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Data were collected via both paper-based questionnaires and an online survey in 2023. Results: Mothers of adolescents with optimal diabetes control exhibited significantly higher scores in the so[1]ciability dimension of emotional intelligence compared to those whose children had suboptimal diabetes control (p = 0.029). No statistically significant association was found between coping strategies and diabetes management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (p > 0.05). However, maternal emotional intelligence was positively correlated with both problem-focused (rho = 0.669, p < 0.001) and emotion-focused coping strategies (rho = 0.321, p = 0.005), while lower emotional intelligence was significantly associated with avoidant coping (rho = -0.434, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The sociability dimension of maternal emotional intelligence was positively associated with opti[1]mal diabetes management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Higher maternal emotional intelligence predicted the use of adaptive coping strategies, specifically problem-focused and emotion-focused coping, whereas lower emotion[1]al intelligence was linked to avoidant coping strategies. Practical Implications: Interventions aimed at enhancing the sociability aspect of emotional intelligence in mothers may improve their social functioning and, consequently, facilitate better diabetes management in their ado[1]lescent children. Keywords: type 1 diabetes, emotional intelligence, coping strategies, diabetes management.

Effects of social mistreatment, academic alienation, and developmental challenge on university students' well-being through coping strategies: A longitudinal study.

Few studies have concurrently examined how different types of stressors influence university students' well-being through their use of coping strategies. Exploring such effects should enrich our understanding of how individuals develop strategies for coping with specific stressful situations and provide insights into the mechanisms by which different stressors impact students' well-being in higher education contexts. This study investigated the effects of social mistreatment, academic alienation, and developmental challenge on emotional and psychological well-being via approach and avoidance coping strategies. The participants were 293 university students in Hong Kong (mean age = 21 years). We collected three waves of data through longitudinal student self-reports and analysed them using structural equation modelling. Social mistreatment can lead to greater use of avoidance coping. Academic alienation can lead not only to a greater reliance on avoidance coping but also less use of approach coping. Developmental challenge can increase the use of approach coping. The effects of social mistreatment on emotional and psychological well-being were mediated by the use of avoidance coping strategies. Moreover, the effects of academic alienation on emotional and psychological well-being were mediated by the use of approach and avoidance coping strategies. The results of this longitudinal study indicate the need to improve teaching practices or learning environments to reduce interpersonal and academic stressors due to their negative impact on coping and well-being. The results also have implications for helping students to adopt better coping strategies and promote their well-being.

Prevalence and structure of sleep disorders in neurological, psychiatric and somatic hospitals

Background. Today it is well known that the structure of sleep disorders and frequency of complaints about sleep disorders depend on the diseases profile. Emotional and behavioral features of patients with different disease profile are important factors affecting the development of sleep disorders. Aim. To estimate difference of sleep disorders according to the profile of the disease and to assess the emotional and psychological factors that may influence sleep disorders. Materials and methods. A total of 300 patients participated in the study: 100 from every department (neurological, psychiatric and pulmonological). To assess the quality of sleep Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used; data from the Spielberger anxiety scale, a 5-factor personality questionnaire, and a questionnaire for evaluating coping strategies (coping strategies) were used to assess personal and emotional factors. Results. Patients from the psychotherapeutic group appeared to be more likely to complain of sleep disorders in general. They also had an average Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score higher than patients from neurological and somatic hospitals. In the group of patients with a neurological profile loud snoring is more often reason for sleep disturbing. Awakenings due to difficulties in breathing were more often detected in the group of somatic profile. Situational and personal anxiety influenced the structure of sleep disorders regardless of the disease profile. Conclusion. The use of various coping strategies has the greatest impact on the presence of sleep disorders in the group of patients with a somatic profile, to a lesser extent – in the group of neurological profile.

Coping After Violent Loss: A Systematic Literature Review and Organizing Model

Background Bereavement following violent death has been associated with prolonged grief disorder, major depression, PTSD, and substance use disorders. Emotional distress related to the often sudden, visceral, and horrifying nature of violent losses and assignment of blame for the loss may affect the use and effectiveness of post-loss coping strategies. Given a lack of agreement on how to define and classify coping strategies, a structured review was conducted to organize the current literature by synthesizing findings on coping strategies and violent loss outcomes. Methods ERIC, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, PsycNET, PubMed, and Web of Science database searches identified quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method studies that reported findings regarding coping strategies among adults bereaved by violent circumstances. A thematic analysis of coping strategies from those articles was used to identify distinct coping dimensions. Results The review identified 80 studies (42 quantitative, 35 qualitative, three mixed-methods). Most studies used samples of individuals bereaved by suicide (n = 50), homicide (n = 24), and/or accidental death (n = 12). Coping strategies were organized into three primary dimensions: engagement, disengagement, and socially-supported coping. These dimensions were found to differentially relate to grief severity, PTSD, MDD, and general psychological distress, with engagement and socially-supported strategies generally associated with better outcomes and disengagement strategies with worse outcomes. Conclusion The findings underscore the need for more refined theoretical frameworks and study designs, in addition to more sophisticated and germane measures, to better capture the dynamic nature of coping after violent loss.

A qualitative study on burnout and coping in palliative nurses.

With burnout rates highly prevalent in palliative care nurses, it is important to have a holistic understanding of the causes of burnout and strategies both to prevent burnout and to cope with burnout. To understand the causes of burnout and strategies used to prevent and cope with burnout in palliative care nurses. This would allow the implementation of strategies on a personal level and organisational level to mitigate the effects of burnout. A thematic analysis to explore palliative care nurses' experiences and their interpretations. In total, 11 in-depth interviews and one focus group discussion with 19 nurses were conducted. The study participants were recruited from three palliative care units within a health cluster in Singapore and had at least 1 year of experience working in palliative care. Five themes were identified: (a) description of burnout and its attributes; (b) factors that contribute to burnout; (c) triggers that initiate burnout; (d) coping with burnout; and (e) resilience to burnout. The nurses were competent in recognising signs of burnout and understood the use of coping strategies to manage burnout. They were also able to develop resilience to burnout through meaning-making and personal experiences. Helping palliative nurses find a deep purpose in their work builds resilience. Managers, organisation leaders, researchers and peers should look into ways to increase resilience in this group of nurses.

Effects of the Intensity and Duration of COVID-19 Lockdown Policies on the Use of Coping Strategies: Evidence from Four African Countries

Effects of the Intensity and Duration of COVID-19 Lockdown Policies on the Use of Coping Strategies: Evidence from Four African Countries

Uplifts and functional coping versus hassles and dysfunctional coping: assessment of a balance model on health outcomes

The aim was to test a hypothesized model which indicates that a favorable balance between daily uplifts and functional coping on the one hand, and daily hassles and dysfunctional coping on the other, will be associated with fewer stress-related physical and psychological symptoms and a lower PTSD indication. An unfavorable balance was expected to show the reverse pattern. Questionnaire responses were obtained from 2512 Swedish military veterans (43.4% response rate). Four different statistical analyses were employed: bivariate correlations, multiple regression analyses, a cluster analysis and within-strata comparisons. All four analyses pointed to the same finding, a clear support of strong relationships between the balance box score and the frequency of physical and psychological symptoms as well as values on a PTSD indication scale. In addition, it appears as if the negative side of the balance box, a high frequency of perceived daily hassles and much use of an escape-avoidance coping style, account for stronger health associations than the positive side. Practical implications include that efforts should be made to limit the use of dysfunctional coping strategies, which, at least partly, can be trained, and to reduce a negative balance between perceived daily hassles and uplifts.

The Relationship Between Emotional Eating and Depression: Intervention Strategies and Future Research Directions

Abstract: In recent years, emotional eating, defined as the act of consuming food as a means of coping with negative emotions, has garnered significant attention from the psychological community. As such, the paper examines the intricate relationship between emotional eating and depression. Through a review of the existing literature, emotional eating is explored as a potential trigger and exacerbator of depressive symptoms, especially when individuals use food as a coping mechanism for negative emotions. Besides, it discusses the psychological mechanisms behind emotional eating, including difficulties in emotion regulation and the use of inadequate coping strategies, highlighting the particular significance of these factors in depressed patients. The paper evaluates the efficacy of current interventions for reducing emotional eating and alleviating depressive symptoms, with a particular emphasis on the potential that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and positive thinking interventions have demonstrated in improving emotion regulation and reducing the impact of negative emotions on eating behavior. The analysis of the efficacy of these psychotherapeutic approaches in practice presents a theoretical foundation for future intervention strategies and supports the design of more targeted treatment plans in clinical practice, so as to assist depressed patients in improving their mood regulation and reducing the frequency of emotional eating, thereby enhancing their quality of life.

Parenting Styles and Coping Strategies among Vietnamese Adolescents

Coping ability is one of the crucial factors helping adolescents face and overcome changes and difficulties during this developmental stage. The selection and use of coping strategies by adolescents are influenced by various factors from family, school, and social environment, including parenting styles. This study aims to examine the influence of parenting styles, as perceived by adolescents, on their coping strategies. Using a cross-sectional design, the study employed the Proactive Coping Inventory and Parenting Scale. Results showed that parental autonomy support, psychological control, and behavioral control have different effects on adolescents' coping strategies.

Posttraumatic growth in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer: Application of the self-regulation model.

The rising incidence of cancer has led to an increased number of adult children impacted by parental cancer. Previous research primarily focused on younger individuals, leaving a gap in understanding the experiences of adult children aged 20-35. To examine a model that integrates the interrelationships among the disease's characteristics (i.e., disease stage), illness representations, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. In addition, we examined indirect relationships involving illness representations as independent variables, coping strategies as mediators, and PTG as the outcome variable. The rising incidence of cancer has led to an increased number of adult children impacted by parental cancer. Previous research primarily focused on younger individuals, leaving a gap in understanding the experiences of adult children aged 20-35. This study examines a model that integrates the interrelationships among the disease's characteristics (i.e., disease stage), illness representations, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. In addition, we examined indirect relationships involving illness representations as independent variables, coping strategies as mediators, and PTG as the outcome variable. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 109 adult children (ages 20-35) of cancer patients. Data were collected using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and the COPE questionnaire. Path analysis was performed to test the study's hypotheses. The findings revealed that illness representations and coping strategies accounted for significant variance in PTG. Higher perceived severity of the parent's illness was associated with greater use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, which were linked to higher PTG. Lower perceived control over the illness was associated with less use of problem-focused coping and subsequently lower PTG. This study underscores the importance of subjective perceptions and coping strategies in fostering PTG among young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. The findings highlight the need for tailored psychosocial interventions to enhance adaptive illness representations and effective coping strategies, promoting resilience and growth in this unique demographic.

Development and initial validation of the Cognitive Change Scale (CCS)

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in neurologic diseases. Precise measurement of cognitive change over time is necessary for isolating disease-related patterns from normal age-related decline. Existing measures of subjective cognition, however, focus on present status. There is, to our knowledge, no currently available self-report measure of cognitive change. We therefore developed the Cognitive Change Scale (CCS), which assesses perceived cognitive change in neurologic populations. Methods: A systematic mixed-methods process was followed for the scale design and validation. Associations of CCS responses to demographics, mood, and fatigue were examined in 131 persons with multiple sclerosis. A total of 46 participants also completed a cognitive test battery. Correlations of test scores with CCS responses were calculated. Results: The 17-item CCS showed good reliability and validity. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a four-factor structure, with items reflecting change in (1) general cognition, (2) language and executive function, (3) external feedback, and (4) use of coping strategies. Positive relationships of CCS scores with fatigue, depression, and anxiety were observed. Correlations of CCS scores with cognitive test performance did not reach significance. Conclusion: The CCS may be a useful cognitive outcome tool for treatment trials in neurologic populations.

Echoes of Childhood: Gender and Coping Strategies as Moderators of Social Anxiety in Survivors of Maltreatment

The relationship between child maltreatment and elevated rates of psychopathology is widely recognized with research showing that the survivors of child abuse are more likely to experience higher levels of social anxiety than those in the general population. Studies confirm gender differences, with females generally exhibiting higher rates of social anxiety than males. Research suggests that coping styles may influence the connection between adverse childhood experiences and subsequent impacts, with evidence indicating that the use of specific coping strategies may vary between genders. This study examined the effects of coping styles and gender in moderating the relationship between childhood maltreatment severity and social anxiety in a sample of 200 students from the University of Tirana. Participants completed three self-reporting questionnaires: The Childhood Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-S), the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory Short Version (SPAI-18), and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations Short Form (CISS-21). Data analysis employed hierarchical multiple regression for moderator analyses and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results indicated that emotion-oriented coping significantly moderated the relationship between maltreatment and social anxiety, while task-oriented and avoidance coping did not. Gender also moderated this relationship, with females demonstrating greater sensitivity to maltreatment's effects. Additionally, females scored higher on emotion-oriented coping, though no significant gender differences were found for the other coping styles. These findings highlight the nuanced roles of coping styles and gender in understanding the impact of childhood maltreatment on social anxiety. Received: 10 August 2024 / Accepted: 31 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

The structural organization of individual resources of the teacher's coping behavior

Introduction. All educators encounter stressful situations and experience negative emotions during their work, which necessitates the use of coping strategies to maintain personal well-being and uphold a high level of teaching quality. The contemporary state of the issue regarding the phenomenology of psychological resources for coping with stress is characterized by the dominance of an analytical research paradigm. This paradigm primarily focuses on individual, personal, and subject-activity characteristics as resources for coping with stress. The aim of this research is to determine the psychological structure of the coping behavior resources of educators. **Methods.** To conduct a comparative analysis of theoretical approaches to defining the resources of coping behavior, we employed conceptual content analysis, which allowed us to determine the frequency of mention of each resource for coping behavior. Subsequently, in accordance with the theoretical model, we selected diagnostic methods for these resources (26 psychodiagnostic techniques). The empirical study was conducted in educational institutions in the Kaluga region, Krasnodar Territory, Ulyanovsk, and Yaroslavl regions (Russian Federation). The study sample consisted of 901 individuals. Using exploratory factor analysis (principal component method, Varimax rotation), we identified the psychological structure of coping behavior resources. **Results.** In alignment with the theoretical model, we selected diagnostic methods for these resources, which allowed us to study both the resources themselves (their integral final values) and the components that make up these resources. The structure of coping behavior resources is formed by 114 variables, which were subsequently factor analyzed. The results of the factor analysis revealed that the psychological structure of coping behavior resources is represented by individual-psychological qualities, forming five blocks (existential, regulatory, emotional, socio-psychological, readiness for activity in uncertain situations). Factor 1 "Existential" (factor load - 24.1), Factor 2 "Readiness for Activity in Uncertain Situations" (14.9), Factor 3 "Regulatory" (13.1), Factor 4 "Socio-Psychological" (9.4), Factor 5 "Emotional" (7.5). **Conclusion.** There is a specific list of coping behavior resources that relevantly characterizes the specifics of a person's coping behavior in stressful situations. Psychological resources for coping behavior do not represent isolated psychological properties and states; instead, they form a holistic unity.

Early remission of deliberate self-harm predicts emotion regulation capacity in adulthood: 12.4 years follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of adolescents with repeated self-harm and borderline features

AbstractEmotion regulation capacity, critical for adult functioning and mental health, develops strongly during adolescence in healthy individuals. Deficits in emotion regulation is often referred to as emotion dysregulation [ED] and is associated with various mental health problems, including repeated deliberate self-harm [DSH] which peaks in adolescence. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for adolescents [DBT-A] systematically targets ED through strategies such as changing coping behaviours and has previously been shown to effectively induce DSH remission in adolescents. However, whether such remission is associated with improved emotion regulation capacity in adulthood, and whether this effect is mediated by changes in use of coping strategies has not been previously studied. Prospective long-term follow-up study of an RCT comparing DBT-A with enhanced usual care [EUC] for adolescents presenting to community child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics with borderline personality features and repeated self-harm. Assessments included both structured interviews and self-report at baseline and 1.6, 3.1 and 12.4 years follow-up. In the final follow-up, adult ED was measured and data were collected for 61 (80%) of the original 77 participants. DSH remission was assessed at 1.6 years follow-up, and use of coping strategies at 3.1 and 12.4 years follow-ups. A mediation analysis was conducted within a causal inference framework. Both treatment groups increased their use of functional coping skills from adolescence to adulthood, while only DBT-A was associated with decreases in dysfunctional coping. There was a direct effect of DSH remission 1 year after treatment on adult ED, particularly for participants who did not receive DBT-A. There was a negative association between reductions in dysfunctional coping and adult ED, however this did not mediate the effect of DSH remission. This is the first study to report that early DSH remission in adolescence predicted lower ED in adulthood. These results highlight the importance of early DSH remission and provides new insight into the long-term relationship between DSH and ED. Clinical trial registration information: “Treatment for Adolescents with Deliberate Self-harm”; http://ClinicalTrials.gov/;NCT00675129

Relations of coping strategies and cognitive emotion regulation to Chinese children's academic achievement goals and academic performance.

Social-emotional skills (e.g., emotion regulation) influence a variety of academic outcomes among children. This study examined the relations of coping strategies and cognitive emotion regulation (CER) to academic achievement goals and academic performance among Chinese children (N = 401, age M = 10.52 years). Full Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis showed that children's use of active coping strategies was positively associated with their endorsement of performance approach and mastery avoidance goals. Avoidant and support-seeking coping strategies were not associated with any outcome variables. Maladaptive CER was positively associated with performance approach, performance avoidance, and mastery avoidance goals and negatively associated with academic performance; adaptive CER was positively associated with mastery approach goals but not associated with other outcome variables. The current study provided some preliminary evidence to indicate that active coping strategies, maladaptive CER, and adaptive CER were associated with academic achievement goals and academic performance among Chinese children. Although maladaptive CER was not used as often as adaptive CER by Chinese children, the more they used maladaptive CER, the more likely they were to have academic achievement goals that focused on things other than learning itself, whereas the more Chinese children used adaptive CER, the more likely they were to set an achievement goal to master the knowledge. Therefore, in teaching practices or intervention planning, decreasing maladaptive CER strategies may be as important as cultivating adaptive CER strategies to facilitate academic success among Chinese children.