Use Of Banana Research Articles

Potensi Batang Pisang sebagai Media Filter pada Pengolahan Air Limbah Laundry

Banana stems have the potential to be used as filter media in the laundry wastewater treatment process. Laundry wastewater will contain hazardous substances that have the potential to pollute the environment if it is not treated adequately before disposal. Considering the fact that banana stems have a high hygroscopic capacity and cellulose content which is capable of absorbing inorganic chemicals, the use of banana stems as a filter media is considered a realistic option. The research method used is the filtration reactor method, and there are differences in the amount of time invested and the thickness of the banana stem, which can range from 20 to 40 centimeters. There were differences in the decrease in the parameter values of pH, COD, TSS, phosphate, and MBAS with variations in the thickness of the banana stem media. The largest decrease in pH observed occurred at a media thickness of 40 centimeters. Based on the research results, it was found that there was variation in the extent to which parameters were reduced overall. A one-day soak is the most effective way to reduce the severity of these properties. In addition, research findings show that banana stems are not effective enough in processing laundry wastewater.

Effect of banana tree leaves ash as cementitious material on the durability of concrete against sulphate and acid attacks

The construction industry's rapid growth poses challenges tied to raw material depletion and increased greenhouse gas emissions. To address this, alternative materials like agricultural residues are gaining prominence due to their potential to reduce carbon emissions and waste generation. In this context this research optimizes the use of banana leaves ash as a partial cement substitution, focusing on durability, and identifying the ideal cement-to-ash ratio for sustainable concrete. For this purpose, concrete mixes were prepared with BLA replacing cement partially in different proportions i.e. (0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, & 20 %) and were analyzed for their physical, mechanical and Durability (Acid and Sulphate resistance) properties. Compressive strength, acid resistance and sulphate resistance testing continued for 90 days with the intervals of 7, 28 and 90 days. The results revealed that up to 10 % incorporation of BLA improved compressive strength by 10 %, while higher BLA proportions (up to 20 %) displayed superior performance in durability tests as compared to the conventional mix. The results reveal the potentials of banana leave ash to refine the concrete matrix by formation of addition C–S–H gel which leads towards a better performance specially in terms of durability aspect. Hence, banana leaf ash (BLA) is an efficient concrete ingredient, particularly up to 10 % of the mix. Beyond this threshold, it's still suitable for applications where extreme strength isn't the primary concern, because there may be a slight reduction in compressive strength.

Banana Leaf for Management of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

ntroduction: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) are severe mucocutaneous reactions. Managing these conditions is challenging, especially in resource-limited settings. This case report introduces a cost-effective treatment approach in a developing country context. Case Report: A patient in India with TEN/SJS, likely due to homeopathic medication, was treated using autoclaved banana leaves. This innovative method provided pain relief and accelerated wound healing, demonstrating its potential as an alternative treatment. Conclusion: Utilizing banana leaves for TEN/SJS highlights a novel, economical approach suitable for developing countries. This case underscores the need for further research into such alternatives, especially in regions where standard medical resources are limited or too expensive. Key Messages: This case report discusses the innovative use of banana leaves for managing Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Steven-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), highlighting its affordability and potential benefits in patient care, especially in developing countries with limited access to conventional treatments.

DURABILITY OF BROILER CHICKEN WRAPPED IN TEAK AND BANANA LEAVES AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

Meat is a highly nutritious food of animal origin, but it is prone to spoilage if handled poorly. Wrapping is a traditional method to preserve meat from spoilage. This study aims to determine the difference between meat wrapped in teak leaves, banana leaves and without wrapping at room temperature. The object of this study was broiler breast meat. The treatment of meat is wrapping with teak leaves, banana leaves and not wrapped as a control. Data on meat quality was analysed comparatively. The results of the analysis showed that there were significant differences in the quality of all parameters of broiler meat quality. The test results showed that broiler meat without wrapping experienced a faster decrease in pH when compared to teak leaf and banana leaf wrapping. It can be concluded that maintaining the quality of broiler meat should not be placed at room temperature for more than 6 hours. The use of banana leaves and teak leaves can be used as meat wrappers to maintain meat quality for up to 12 hours. Further research needs to be done on the mechanism of meat wrapping in maintaining the quality of chicken meat at room temperature

Knowledge and Practices of Home Diarrhoea Management among Adolescent Mothers with under Five Children in Nyando SubCounty, Kisumu, Kenya

Background: Globally, diarrhea is the primary cause of death for children under the age of five. In Kenya, it continues to be a significant source of illness and mortality in this age range. Mothers play crucial roles in the prevention and control of diarrhea among these children by practicing easy home management. Aim: This study aimed to assess adolescent mothers’ knowledge, and practice in the prevention and home management of diarrhoeal diseases among children under five years old in Nyando sub-county, Kenya Setting: This study was conducted in Nyando sub-county, Kisumu County, Kenya. Methods: A mixed method descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted using a Proportionate sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and interview guides and analysed using STATA version 16 to generate the tables and bar graphs. NVivo version 12 was used to analyse the qualitative data adopting thematic analysis approach. Results: Boiling of drinking water was a common practice as reported by majority (75.8%, n= 216) of the participants. A total of 94 mothers (33.0%) expressed knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding while 10.5% (n=30) indicated maintenance of cleanliness as methods. These adolescent mothers practiced continued feeding and breastfeeding during diarrhoea episodes. In addition, the use suboptimal diarrhoea management practices such as food restriction and use of traditional herbs was practiced among the study participants. Conclusion: Continued feeding and breastfeeding during diarrhoea episodes were identified as appropriate management practices and were significant in preventing dehydration as well as increased vulnerability to malnutrition. There is also need of creating awareness of other diarrhoea management practices such as the use of banana and yoghurt as well as demystifying the use of traditional herbs in diarrhoea management.

Remediation of waste water through natural coagulants such as lemon and banana peel

Water is not only necessary for survival, but it also adds significantly to the quality of our lives. The rapid increase in population, economic expansion, and industrialization in developing nations has led to an unexpected need for water in cities. The capacity for water uses and wastewater generation in residential sectors has significantly risen during the past few decades. Wastewater treatment is an essential procedure in the sanitation system. Reusing resources and adhering to environmental regulations require efficient treatment and pollution management of municipal wastewater resources. The most preferred method for treating wastewater among the many options currently available is the coagulation and flocculation processes. People widely use this treatment due to its low energy consumption, reliability, affordability, and ease of use. This study evaluated the use of banana and lemon peels as coagulants in water treatment using coagulation-flocculation procedures as a potential substitute for alum. We determined the pH and coagulant dose for both banana and lemon peel combinations. The results of this experiment show that lemon peel works well as a coagulant to absorb biological oxygen demand. It has been discovered that the dehydration procedure works better with peels from bananas and lemons. The ideal duration of contact between lemon and banana peels is 90 minutes. For peels of bananas and lemons, the optimal particle size is 300μm, and the ideal dosage of adsorbent is 0.3g.

Prospect of waste banana fiber use in industry: A narrative review

In recent years, there has been significant research and investigation into the utilization of natural plant fibers. These fibers are increasingly recognized for their superiority over synthetic alternatives due to their biodegradable nature, renewable source, lightweight composition, and enhanced biochemical and tensile characteristics. Banana fiber holds significant importance due to the widespread use of bananas globally. Different components of the banana plant, including the fruit, fruit skin, flower buds, leaves, and pseudo-stem (banana trunk), are employed for diverse industrial applications. The pseudo-stem constitutes a significant proportion of the biomass derived from banana waste and possesses high-quality fiber that exhibits promising potential for various industrial applications. These applications include the production of sanitary pads, textiles, pulp and paper, food products, reinforced composite materials for automobiles, construction materials, aerospace components, and other composite materials. Additionally, the residual waste generated from its production can be effectively employed for the development of bio-based products, thereby making a direct contribution to a country's economy. In summary, this review study provides valuable insights for many stakeholders, including farmers, businesspeople, planners, scientists, and the government, to facilitate informed decision-making and promote socioeconomic advancement within the country.

Pisang Nangka (Musa paradisiaca) As An Alternative Media For Aspergillus niger Growth

Nangka banana (Musa paradisiaca) is one of the most popular bananas in Indonesia. Therefore, the production of waste will increase along with the use of bananas. Nangka banana peel and flesh can be used as an alternative media for mushroom growth because of its high carbohydrate content. The purpose of this study was to observe the growth of Aspergillus niger on alternative media made from nangka banana with concentrations of 8%, 9%, 10%, 11% and 12% and to determine the optimum variation and concentration of alernative media. Aspergillus niger was grown on nangka banana flesh media, nangka banana peel media and mix of nangka banana peel and flesh as well as PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) media as a positive control using the single dot method. Colony diameter and pigmentation were observed for five days. The variation of nangka banana mix media with a concentration of 12% is the optimum variation and concentration to grow Aspergillus niger. Keywords: Alternative media, Aspergillus niger, nangka banana

Green Industry as a Tourism-Based MSME Development Strategy in Supporting a Sustainable Future (Case Study in Cowindo Sendang District, Tulungagung District, East Java)

Indonesia’s efforts to contribute as a member of the G20 are to maximize domestic economic development. One of the important problems faced in economic development is between meeting development needs and efforts to maintain aspects of environmental sustainability. Environmental problems are a contemporary issue that does not only occur at the macro level. However, at a micro level, the world is trying to get to know the issues of environmentally friendly products or what is known as Green Business or Green Industry. The impact of the existence of the green industry is that the global market trend is increasingly moving towards environmentally friendly products (eco-products). This condition is an obstacle and opportunity that needs to be immediately anticipated and utilized. For this reason, the government created a policy to help MSMEs through the Center for the Study of Green Industry and the Environment of the Ministry of Industry (2011), namely by developing environmentally friendly industries or green industries that can produce green products. MSMEs from the tourism sector in Tulungagung, East Java are Cowindo. Cowindo is one of the educational tours in Sendang District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java. Starting from local wisdom, it became known as a quality milk-producing area, then educational tourism was opened in 2018 and a sustainable production process was officially developed in 2020. In supporting sustainability at the domestic level, biogas is one of the strategies to make it happen. Apart from that, there are several implementations carried out by Cowindo as a form of green business, namely Bio-Slurry, the use of banana leaves as an alternative to reducing the use of soap and water, as well as processing lemongrass distillate for cows to drink as additional nutrition for the cows.

Use of Banana and Taro Kimpul bo be Processed into Crips as an Increase of Economic Income in Cermo Village Communities

Talas kimpul merupakan bahan baku pembuatan talas kimpul, yang mempunyai cita rasa yang gurih dan enak, sehingga bahan-bahan tersebut dengan mudah didapat di daerah Desa Cermo diwilayah Kecamatan Sambi Kabupaten Boyolali. Tanah yang subur dan suasana yang sejuk merupakan daerah yang di miliki Desa Cermo.Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan agar masyarakat mempunyai pendapatan tambahan untuk penopang ekonomi masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yaitu Penyuluhan pentingnya peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat sebagai sumber pendapatan tambahan keluarga, Penjelasan prosen pembuatan kripik sampai dengan pemasaran dan Praktek pembuatan kripik dan memberian cita rasa yang bermacam-macam yang menarik terhadap masyarakat. Dengan kegiatan tersebut ibu-ibu PPK ataupun masyarakat, dapat memanfaatkan bahan-bahan yang ada disekitarnya dapat menghasilkan nilai ekonomis, sebagai penghasilan tambahan atapun menjadi penghasilan yang tetap

Banana Ice Cream as An Eco-friendly Social Enterprise Product for Helping Cancer Patients During Treatment

Purpose: Banana ice cream is a fun food to eat and has both functions. The use of banana as main component of ice cream is expected to be a sustainable food, which is supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The business of banana ice cream can be run for social purposes that make a profit, which will circle back for the needs of cancer patients.
 Design/methodology/approach: Break even point analysis used to determine economic feasibility of the business plan. Break even point would be reached when the total unit of selling banana ice cream as much as 3.024 scoops with sales value was 15.120.000 Indonesian Rupiah. The minimum time for recovering the initial investment was 151 days or 5 months. Banana ice cream business is feasible to be run.
 Findings: Cancer treatments often cause adverse effects at different levels. The adverse effect can greatly affect the patient's daily activities that may impair quality of life. New food products shall be developed to improve patient nutrition and reduce side effects from therapies.
 Originality/value: This paper is original
 Paper type: Research paper

Peningkatan Perekonomian Masyarakat dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an (Study Kreativitas Kerajinan Pelepah Pisang Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat Desa Trepan Babat Lamongan)

Trepan Village has natural potential that is very useful in improving its economic welfare, namely there are banana trees that grow in this Trepan Village area. The surrounding community takes advantage of the natural potential that already exists, namely the use of banana stems into various beautiful crafts where this craft can increase the economy and increase the income of the community itself. This study aims to determine whether the creativity of the banana midrib craft can improve the economic welfare of the Trepan village community. The author uses a qualitative descriptive approach, namely by conducting interviews, observations, documentation as data collectors. The results showed that the use of banana midrib into handicrafts had a great impact on the economic welfare of the people of Trepan village. Through the creative economy, it was found that they were able to reduce the unemployment rate slightly and bring change to society, they were able to meet the needs of their families and the family's economic situation from better craftsmen. It was also found that by using the banana midrib, the community got additional income to meet the family economy, which income could increase the welfare of the people of Trepan Village.

ESTIMATION OF POTASSIUM CONTENT OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF BANANA FRUIT IN AN INDIAN DELTA IS THERE A CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Banana fruit is one of the commonly taken foods in many parts of the world. The fruit is known for its high potassium content. We wished to study the potassium content of eleven types of ripe banana fruit available in the cauvery delta region of South India. We measured two values in each of the eleven types of banana fruit. We found the mean varied from 460.75mg/100gm in the Rasthali variety to 921.75 in the karpura valli variety. The potassium binding capacity of the soil and the fertilizers pumped may influence the values. The literature which presently describes the values between 200 to 400mg/100g cautions the use of bananas in patients taking antihypertensive medications like enalapril and in patients with renal dysfunction. Our study which shows the values to be double the described ones, will throw light on additional caution in such cases. We admit that there was no soil study in this work which can influence the potassium content. Before any dietetic advice on the intake of potassium, the bananas of the concerned geographical area and such high potassium values should be taken into account. When the needs to cater the patients of potassium arise in uncomplicated hypertension, the varieties karpuravalli and peyampalam can be considered.

The use of banana peels as raw materials of bio-alcohol production

Indonesia’s energy demand has increased in recent years in line with the increase in economic growth and population in Indonesia. Most of this energy is derived from non-renewable sources such as oil, natural gas, and coal. These trends will have a significant impact on energy depletion. One solution to overcome this problem is developing alternative energy resources to replace petroleum, such as bio-alcohol. The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of bio-alcohol production from organic waste, that is, banana peel. This research is experimental. Bio-alcohol was obtained through a fermentation process of 3 types of banana peels waste, including Raja banana (Musa acuminata×M. balbisiana) peel, Agung banana (Musa paradisiaca) peel, and Nangka banana (Musa acuminata×M. balbisiana) peel. Fermentation was conducted using variations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae of 1%, 3%, and 5% with a fermentation time of 5 days. All experiments were performed in duplicate. The results showed that the highest value of bio-alcohol was produced from the waste of Raja Nangka peel at a concentration of 5% Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was 1.70% (p-value <0.05). This study suggests the potential of banana peel waste in producing bio-alcohol as alternative energy in the future.

Osmotic dehydration with complementary drying as a social technology: Use of bananas out of the standard from cv. Grande naine.

Osmotic dehydration is a simple technique suitable to fruits and vegetables. It allows taking advantage of raw materials, reducing losses and adding value to the product. Bananas out of standard from the cv. Grande Naine were processed under three levels of good manufacturing practices (GMP) and the raisins assessed for 180 days presented stability and quality, regardless of the type of GMP, which allows their recommendation.

GREEN BUSINESS UMKM DI KOTA DEPOK

Depok is the smallest in west Java with such problems as garbage that pollutes several large rivers such as ciliwung and cisadane trash from small industries and communities, which can be reduced by umkm as the donor of 65% of the regional product.Public service activities for umkm city depok endeavor to help umkm's doers to be more conscious of the environment by adopting green business.It is known that most of the people involved in the depok city have low environmental awareness. Socializing can open up the insights of umkm doers to applyGreen business is his small business. By implementing green business, umkm perpetrators can alsoSaves operating costs or production costs even promotional costs.The reuse of reusable containers or the use of banana leaves in place of plastic containers adds to the traditional and unique value and to the culinary siri typical of depok cuisine. Such community service is to be expected to be an activity capable of carrying the city of depok as a friendly city or "friendly city

THE POTENTIAL OF BANANA TRADING COMMODITY TO FULFILL MARKET DEMAND AND SUPPORT FOOD SECURITY IN DEFENSE ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE (STUDY IN BOGOR DISTRICT)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In order to maintain food security, it is wiser if the food priority is not limited to rice, but also encourages product diversity of local food-based such as maize, cassava, sweet potato, breadfruit, taro, and banana. The problems of utilizing banana potential in Bogor District are low production due to land use change, plant function change, some farmers have&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; perception of bananas as a second class plant, Fusarium wilt disease, limited use of bananas &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;as&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; fresh fruit and small industrial processed products (&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;such as &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;chips, sale, molen), and production has not been able to &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;fulfill&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; market demand and &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;consequently&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;, export market opportunities have not been &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;utilized&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;This study describes the extent to which &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;large &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;potential of banana can be used optimally by &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;using defense economics&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;,&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; demand-supply, and food security&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; theory&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;. Primary data sources were obtained from interviews with &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;informan&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; from &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Local Government, farmers and banana traders in Bogor District&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Trade. Secondary data sources include &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;both &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;from &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ministry&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;, Distanhorti, Disdagin, BPS, journals, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;and &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;electronic media. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;V&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;alidation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; data&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; by triangulation and&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;data analysis of Miles-Huberman. The results show that&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; bananas have great potential to be developed in Bogor District&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; but its utilization is not optimal.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is due to several factors including&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; application of inappropriate&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; cultivation techniques&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;with SOP, limited large-scale land, land conversion, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;without&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; large company partnerships. Therefore, it is necessary to build partnerships with large private companies, synergies and coordination between stakeholders in order to &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;increase&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;bananas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; potential&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; as trade commodity, hence &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;can &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;fulfill&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; market demand. In the end it will improve economic security as &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;one of &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;the main focus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;es&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; of the defense economy.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: Banana, Defense Econom&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;y&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Demand, Food Security&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Potential&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan49 as influenced by integrated use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer

A field experiment was carried out at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during aman season of 2014 to study the integrated use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the growth and yield of BRRI dhan49 following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The highest plant height (85.55cm), panicle length (21.46cm), number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.54), number of filled grains panicle-1 (149.53), 1000-grain weight (21.85gm), grain yields (5.66 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.81 t ha-1) were obtained in the treatment T3 and the lowest plant height (77.10cm), panicle length (18.85cm), number of effective tillers hill-1 (8.64), number of filled grains panicle-1 (112.11), 1000-grain weight (19.96gm), grain yields (3.50 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.73 t ha-1) were recorded in the control. It can be recommended to integrated use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on growth and yield of BRRI dhan49.  Â

INFLUENCE OF BANANA LEAVES IN ASSOCIATION WITH INORGANIC POTASSIUM FERTILIZER ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT AND UPTAKE OF BRRI DHAN49

An experiment was done at the Soil Science Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to study the joined use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the development and yield of BRRI dhan49 placing Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1: control (no fertilizer), T2: RFD (Recommended Fertilizer Dose), T3: (50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP) , T4: (60% K from banana leaves+40% K from MoP ), T5: (70% K from banana leaves+30% K from MoP), T6: (80% K from banana leaves+20% K from MoP), T7: (90% K from banana leaves+10% K from MoP), T8: (100% K from banana leaves).The uppermost potassium content in grain (0.33%) and straw (1.30%) were gained in the treatment T3 and T4 .The bottommost potassium content in grain (0.26%) and straw (1.08%) were logged in the control. At the same time, the highest potassium uptake by grain (19.46 kg ha-1) and straw (89.06 kg ha-1) were attained in the treatment T3 and the lowest potassium uptake by grain (8.67 kg ha-1) and straw (51.40 kg ha-1) were documented in the control. Total (grain+straw) peak (108.52 kg ha-1) potassium uptake was found in T3 treatment and lowest (60.06 kg ha-1) was found in control. It can be endorsed to cohesive use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on nutrient content and uptake of BRRI dhan49.

Optimization of Citric Acid Production by Aspergillus niger and Candida tropicalis for Solid State Fermentation Using Banana Peel Substrate

Increasing cost of production and global demand for citric acid is driving research towards optimizing process conditions to yield very high quantity of the organic acid using abundant cheap substrates and selected microorganisms. Consequently, this study was designed to optimize the production of citric acid by making use of banana (Musa acuminata) peels (agro-waste) through means of solid state fermentation involving Aspergillus niger (Model A) and Candida tropicalis (Model B). In this study, a two-level, five-variable full factorial design of response surface methodology (RSM) comprising 32 experimental runs for each model were used to develop a statistical model for the optimization of fermentation conditions which include: pH, glucose, zinc, ammonium chloride and methanol. The results obtained indicate that a second order polynomial model fitted adequately and statistically significant (p&lt;0.0001) and (p&lt;0.0410) for Model A and B, respectively. The optimum values of the variables were: pH 4; glucose 5% w/v; zinc 2% w/v; ammonium chloride 0.5% w/v; and methanol 3% v/v. Under these conditions, the concentration of citric acid produced were 97.6 g/L with a pH of 3.85 using Aspergillus niger and 113.6 g/L with a pH of 3.45 using Candida tropicalis at 10days fermentation period. Experimental validation of the model indicated that no difference exist between the predicted and the actual yield results. Therefore, utilization of low-cost agro-waste banana peel which serve as suitable substrate for optimization of citric acid production is advocated because of their advantages such as income generation, reduction in environmental problems posed by food-waste disposal and public health hazards associated with it.