Use Of Air Conditioning Systems Research Articles

A novel framework for the assessment of hydro-meteorological risks taking into account nature-based solutions

The growing exposure to hydro-meteorological hazards translates into increasing risks for people, territories, and ecosystems. The frequency of occurrence and magnitude of these hazards are expected to further increase in the next decades urging tangible decisions to reduce anthropogenic climate change and adapt to the risks to be faced. In this context, risk assessment is an essential tool for becoming aware of dangers and taking countermeasures. This paper proposes a novel predictive, yet holistic, framework that allows to take into account multiple risks classified according to six research fields, i.e. healthcare, society, ecosystem, heritage, infrastructure, and agriculture. Each contribution to the overall risk is evaluated in terms of economic losses and carbon-dioxide emissions that in turn affect adaptation ability and contribute to exacerbating climate change. Both economic losses and emissions are estimated as a cost per day to support political decision-making processes. In this regard, the framework integrates the effects of adaptation and mitigation strategies to include societal capacities to cope with hazards and respond to their potential consequences. As a guideline, this study reports a preliminary investigation of a heatwave event over a portion of Bologna Province (Italy) concluding that the current use of air-conditioning systems is not sustainable leading to a huge amount of losses. The novel framework can be adopted in future studies for selecting more cost-effective strategies as expected for Nature-based Solutions (NbS). The framework can indeed stand as a tool for estimating the local impact of NbS in the current or future climate scenarios.

DECREASING ELECTRICAL ENERGY COST AND INDIRECT CO2 EMISSIONS OF AN AIR CONDITIONING UNIT AFTER PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

During the summer season in subtropical countries and the dry season in tropical countries, air temperature is high. To adapt this condition, an air conditioning (AC) unit is used. The air conditioning use, however, increases the electrical energy consumption which contributes to the increase of indirect CO2 emissions. For many buildings, a monthly electrical energy cost from the use of AC system can contribute up to 40% of a monthly utility expenditure. It is then a great motivation to decrease electrical energy consumption of the AC unit. In this work, an adaptable preventive maintenance for an AC unit shows an acceptable level of electrical energy decrease. An experiment was performed for 2 AC types. The first one is a wall mounted unit with a cooling capacity of 9,300 BTUH. The second unit is a split duct unit with a cooling capacity of 48,000 BTUH. The cleaning of evaporator in the wall-mounted AC unit decreased the hourly electrical energy consumption by 4.1% from 810 to 777 Watt-hour. In addition, cleaning of condenser for the similar AC unit decreased the electrical energy consumption by 6.2% from 810 to 760 Watt-hour. Meanwhile, the evaporator cleaning for a 48,000 split duct AC decreased the hourly electrical energy consumption by 2.4% from 4.64 to 4.53 kWh and cleaning of condenser decreased the energy consumption by 5.4% from 4.64 to 4.39 kWh. If this electrical energy decrease could be scaled up to the global energy consumption from the air conditioning use, this should be a significant decrease of the global energy consumption and the correlated indirect CO2 emissions from the air conditioning sector.

Investigation of a Building with Male and Female Residents to Achieve Equality of Thermal Sensation Associated with Rational Use of Exergy and Energy

The intensive use of air conditioning systems, primarily refrigerating, to promote thermal comfort in countries such as Brazil (a hot climate country) is changing the electrical energy consumption patterns and peak demand. Even with the increased number of appliances, we must learn to consume less energy to achieve similar outcomes with higher energy efficiency. Consequently, exergy analysis is used to evaluate the quality of these energy conversion systems. Four computational human thermal models were used to assess thermal comfort conditions: one man wearing lighter clothing, one man wearing traditional office clothing, and two women in the two types of clothing. We chose these four models since the body composition and basal metabolism rates for males and females differ. In addition, the insulation of clothes influences the temperature of the thermal environment, leading to a significantly lower percentage of people being unsatisfied, from 12.8% to values close to 5%. The outputs of these occupants are used as inputs for a computational model of the room to calculate its associated thermal loads and evaluate different temperature setpoints and their effects on thermal comfort and energy consumption. Results indicate that environmental temperatures above 24 °C and below 26 °C may lead to thermal comfort conditions, depending on the occupants’ clothing. Clothing would represent a thermal resistance of 0.7 CLO for men and women (when in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle) and 0.8 CLO for women in the follicular phase when the environment is at 25 °C. Therefore, there is a significant reduction in the compression power of the central cooling system by about 2.2% compared to 24 °C and around 8% compared to ambient temperatures around 21 °C.

Исследование эффективности использования системы кондиционирования воздуха для обеспечения безопасности ведения горноспасательных работ в зоне высоких температур воздуха

Today, the problem of increased air temperatures in excavations of shafts and mines limiting or hampering mine-rescue operations is crucial. The existing technical solutions primarily aim to reduce the effects of heating microclimate on the mine rescuers via the use of individual and collective anti-heat equipment. Meanwhile, a potentially prospective means to ensure safe thermal effects on rescuers is to reduce the air temperature along their route via the use of air conditioning systems. The article is dedicated to developing a methodology for the air-conditioning system calculation to ensure the safety of mine-rescue operations. The developed methodology is conceptual and based on the principle of equity of the duration and intensity of cooling and heating effects of the environment on mine rescuers, considering the differentiation of the mine-rescue operations’ route by the parameters of tracing and microclimate following the requirements of the Instruction on localization and elimination of accident consequences. The calculations based on the proposed methodology enable the determination of the cooling capacity of the conditioning system that normalizes the microclimate along the entire length of the mine-rescue operations’ route as well as the maximum air temperature on the route. It is assumed that the developed methodology can be useful in the design of regular and emergency air-conditioning systems.

Removal of microbial aerosol using titania/chitosan composites in air conditioning systems

The humid environment of the air conditioning system promotes the growth of microorganisms on the filter media. Using filter media with antibacterial properties can solve this problem. As a photocatalytic material, TiO2 is often added to certain products as an antimicrobial. Chitosan (CS) is an antibacterial substance that can be processed into fibers, so it can be considered as a substitute for polypropylene (PP) fiber, which is currently commonly used as a filter medium. Unlike previous studies, this study used an air duct experiment system to simulate the operating conditions of air conditioning systems, and TiO2 was supported by CS and PP fiber, respectively. Results show that TiO2/CS exhibited better filtration and antibacterial properties at a 3% TiO2 impregnation concentration. When the basic weight of CS is 190 g/m2, the filtration efficiency can reach 96.8% with only 6 W ultraviolet, but the pressure drop is only 28 Pa. At the same time, the survival of bacteria on CS filter media is about 60% lower than that on PP and bacterial shedding is decreased by more than 35%. Due to the excellent filtration and antibacterial properties of TiO2/CS composite, its use in air conditioning systems will be of interest.

Evaluation of the thermal performance of housing envelopes as passive cooling systems

Over the years, climate change has generated an increase in the average temperature of the planet, which has led to greater consumption of electrical energy for the use of air conditioning systems. Insulating envelope materials are considered a viable passive solution as they offer internal air conditioning, cooling, and/or heating of buildings that lead to thermal comfort with reduced energy consumption. This article compares the application of different insulating materials in an existing single-family home located in a hot-dry climate. To this end, the procedural methodology has been applied by carrying out a bibliographic review of different involutes currently used in the construction of the buildings and 14 models are proposed that will be simulated under the same input variables of the base model and meteorological data of the city of Bucaramanga validated from a meteorological station located on site. The results of the simulations show that all 14 models show a decrease in temperature with reference to the "base model"; This difference can be explained by the presence of the selected materials that slightly change the thermal properties of the wall. Finally, this research allowed us to determine that the occupants of the simulated spaces in the base model are inside the thermal comfort range by 61.96%, which represents 5,438 hours of the modeled year, having 38.03% of hours of discomfort in the measured time. This study can be useful for the selection of envelopes and different buildings with passive cooling requirements.

A field study on thermal acceptability and energy consumption of mixed-mode offices building located in the hot-dry climate of Burkina Faso

To ensure thermal comfort in hot dry climates such as the climate of Burkina Faso, occupants of buildings often rely on air conditioning systems. Defining the appropriate conditions for thermal comfort is crucial to reduce energy consumption. This paper presents the findings of a field study that aimed to assess acceptable temperatures for thermal comfort and analyze the energy consumption related to the use of air conditioning systems in a mixed-mode office building. Surveys were also conducted to gather occupants’ feedback on thermal comfort. The results of the study revealed that the average air temperature was 27.1 °C with standard deviation of 1.7 °C. Fifty-four offices were investigated and all 93 occupants to the survey consider their thermal environment comfortable. The study also identified neutral air temperature and operative temperature which are between 26.2 °C and 26.5 °C, and 26.3 °C and 26.5 °C, respectively. The results show a non-significant gap between the neutral temperature of male and female subjects. It was observed that the energy consumption for comfort is linked to the neutral temperature. These findings can serve as a starting point for establishing thermal comfort parameters for mixed-mode office buildings in Sudano-Sahelian climates having a particular socio-cultural context.

كفاءة الطاقة لأنظمة التكييف التقليدية في ظل تغير المناخ

The energy used in a country's economy is very important to its development. Over the years, the electricity and ventilation consumption of buildings have increased. People's concerns about the quality of their indoor environment are also increasing. Most buildings have air conditioning and ventilation systems that are designed to provide an environment that’s comfortable and healthy for the occupants. This is done through the use of ventilation. In addition to improving the indoor air quality, it can also help prevent people from experiencing discomfort. Studies have shown that about 60% of office buildings' energy consumption is attributed to the use of air conditioning systems. These systems provide cool air to the spaces while keeping the temperature controlled. A VAV system can meet the health criterion and the IAQ by supplying enough fresh air to meet national standards. A conventional AC system requires a refrigeration plant and a network of pipes to deliver cold water to the spaces. Since air-cooled chiller systems have a flexible design, they are commonly used in commercial buildings. They can provide a cooling effect that's significantly higher than that of water-cooled units. Compared to water cooling systems, air-cooled units are more energy-efficient. This is because the head pressure control of the system ensures that the pressure is kept high. The use of air conditioning has been one of the biggest sources of electrical energy consumption worldwide. It has contributed over 10% of the total energy produced, and it contributes to the harmful effects of climate change. Climate change is a growing concern that will require the production and use of more air conditioning units. This has necessitated the development of a comprehensive research to address this issue.

Development and validation of a transient simulation model of a full-scale PCM embedded radiant chilled ceiling

The recent significant rise in space cooling energy demand due to the massive use of air-conditioning systems has adversely changed buildings’ energy use patterns globally. The updated energy technology perspectives highlight the need for innovative cooling systems to address this growing cooling demand. Phase change material embedded radiant chilled ceiling (PCM-RCC) has lately acquired popularity as they offer more efficient space cooling together with further demand-side flexibility. Recent advancements in PCM-RCC applications have increased the necessity for reliable simulation models to assist professionals in identifying improved designs and operating settings. In this study, a transient simulation model of PCM-RCC has been developed and validated using measured data in a full-scale test cabin equipped with newly developed PCM ceiling panels. This model, developed in the TRNSYS simulation studio, includes Type 399 that uses the Crank-Nicolson algorithm coupled with the enthalpy function to solve transient heat transfer in PCM ceiling panels. The developed model is validated in both free-running and active operation modes, and its quality is then evaluated using several validation metrics. The results obtained in multiple operating scenarios confirm that the model simulates the transient behaviour of the PCM-RCC system with an accuracy within ±10%. Aided by this validated model, which offers the user detailed flexibilities in the system design and its associated operating schemas, PCM-RCC’s potentials regarding peak load shifting, energy savings, and enhanced thermal comfort can be investigated more reliably.

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

The tribology properties of TiO2/POE, SiO2/POE and TiO2-SiO2/POE nanolubricants were investigated for an automotive air-conditioning system with an electrically-driven compressor (EDC). A two-step preparation method was used in dispersing TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles into Polyol-ester (POE)-based lubricant at different volume concentrations of 0.01 to 0.1%. The coefficient of friction (COF) and wear scar diameter (WSD) were investigated using a Koehler four-ball tribo tester and microscopes. For the TiO2/POE, SiO2/POE and TiO2-SiO2/POE nanolubricants, respectively, the lowest COFs with maximum reduction were attained at 37.5%, 33.5% and 31.6% each at volume concentrations of 0.05%, 0.01% and 0.03%. The highest WSD reduction for the TiO2/POE and SiO2/POE mono nanolubricants were attained at 12.5% and 26.4%, respectively, at the same volume concentration of 0.01%. Meanwhile, the maximum reduction of WSD for the TiO2-SiO2/POE hybrid nanolubricant was reached at 12.4% at 0.03% volume concentration. As a conclusion, mono and hybrid nanolubricants with volume concentrations of less than 0.05% are suggested for use in air-conditioning systems with EDC because of their outstanding tribology performances. Further performance investigation of nanolubricants in the air-conditioning system is required to extend the present work.

Impact of Climate Change on Indoor Air Quality: A Review

Climate change can affect the indoor environment due to heat and mass transfers between indoor and outdoor environments. To mitigate climate change impacts and adapt buildings to the changing environment, changes in building characteristics and occupants' behavior may occur. To characterize the effects of climate change on indoor air quality (IAQ), the present review focused on four aspects: (1) experimental and modeling studies that relate IAQ to future environmental conditions, (2) evolution of indoor and outdoor air concentrations in the coming years with regard to temperature rise, (3) climate change mitigation and adaptation actions in the building sector, and (4) evolution of human behavior in the context of climate change. In the indoor environment, experimental and modeling studies on indoor air pollutants highlighted a combined effect of temperature and relative humidity on pollutant emissions from indoor sources. Five IAQ models developed for future climate data were identified in the literature. In the outdoor environment, the increasing ambient temperature may lead directly or indirectly to changes in ozone, particle, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compound concentrations in some regions of the world depending on the assumptions made about temperature evolution, anthropogenic emissions, and regional regulation. Infiltration into buildings of outdoor air pollutants is governed by many factors, including temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, and might increase in the years to come during summer and decrease during other seasons. On the other hand, building codes in some countries require a higher airtightness for new and retrofitted buildings. The building adaptation actions include the reinforcement of insulation, implementation of new materials and smart building technologies, and a more systematic and possibly longer use of air conditioning systems in summer compared to nowadays. Moreover, warmer winters, springs, and autumns may induce an increasing duration of open windows in these seasons, while the use of air conditioning in summer may reduce the duration of open windows.

Boosting the air conditioning unit performance using phase change material: Impact of system configuration

Boosting the energy efficiency of air conditioning (AC) systems will considerably impact on lowering domestic power consumption. Innovative methods are being developed to enhance AC performance. One promising method involves integrating phase change materials (PCM) with the AC systems. The significant PCM charging period is a primary limitation of coupling AC systems with PCM in the previous research. The current study aims to investigate the impact of coupling an AC unit with various PCM container configurations (e.g., parallel plates, staggered and aligned tubes, and elliptical tubes) on PCM charging and discharging, and AC performance. During the nighttime, the low ambient temperature is charged inside the PCMs. Then, during the daytime, the hot ambient air is cooled by passing through the cold PCM heat exchanger before passing over the unit condenser. A complete dynamic mathematical model for the proposed system is constructed and solved numerically using ANSYS software. Results indicate that applying the cylindrical arrangement lowers the solidification time of the PCM at night by approximately one-third compared to the plate arrangement. Also, raising the inflow air temperature of the air-PCM heat exchanger increases the air temperature difference through the heat exchanger and saving percentage of the AC's power and decreases the PCM's charging and discharging time. For inflow air temperatures of 318.15 K, 313.15 K, and 308.15 K, the maximum average percentage of saved power is around 25 %, 18.7 %, and 12.5 %, respectively for 2 h working and around 8.4 %, 7.2 %, and 6.3 %, respectively for 8 h working of the AC unit. Cylindrical configuration is preferable for daily use of AC systems as the charging process can be achieved through the nighttime.

A Review of Thermally Activated Building Systems (TABS) as an Alternative for Improving the Indoor Environment of Buildings

Among the alternatives for improving the thermal comfort conditions inside buildings are the thermally activated building systems (TABS). They are embedded in different building components to improve the indoor air temperature. In this work, a review and analysis of the state of the art of TABS was carried out to identify their potential to improve thermal comfort conditions and provide energy savings. Furthermore, this study presents the gaps identified in the literature so that researchers can develop future studies on TABS. The articles found were classified and analyzed in four sections, considering their implementation in roofs, walls, floors, and the whole envelope. In addition, aspects related to the configuration of the TABS and the fluid (speed, temperature, and mass flow rate) were analyzed. It was found that when TABS are implemented in roofs, walls, and floors, a reduction in the indoor temperature of a building of up to 14.4 °C can be obtained. Within the limitations of the TABS, the complexity and costs of their implementation compared to the use of air conditioning systems are reported. However, the TABS can provide energy savings of up to 50%.

Impact of urban heat island on cooling energy demand for residential building in Montreal using meteorological simulations and weather station observations

Urban heat island (UHI) and the increased frequency of heatwaves due to climate change reduce thermal comfort inside buildings leading to increased use of air conditioning systems. In this research, the impact of the actual local climate on the cooling energy demand of residential buildings in Montreal is studied. Building energy simulations (BES) are conducted for microclimates at eight locations in the Montreal area and compared with a reference weather data. The climate data for four locations are provided by weather stations. The other climate data are simulated with a detailed weather research and forecasting (WRF) model at 250 m resolution with detailed land-use data over a period of four months during the summer of 2020. The air temperatures from meteorological mesoscale simulations are validated with available weather station observations. The BES results show an increase in the cooling energy demand due to higher air temperatures at urban locations compared to the rural periphery. The cooling energy demand varies significantly over the eight locations although being within a radius of 20 km. The mean variation in cooling energy demand between the locations amounts to 14 % compared to the average cooling demand. Using the reference climate data provided in BES, the cooling energy demand is significantly underestimated by 25 % to 34 % on average. Increasing the thermostat cooling setpoint with 1 °C results in a reduction in mean cooling energy demand of 4.5 kWh/m2, or 11.7 %. A linear trend is found between the cooling energy demand from BES and cooling degree hours (CDH) indicating CDH can be used as a first indication for building energy demand.

A novel integrated method of fsQCA and digital design for sustainability monitoring and assessment in building energy management systems: a case study

The present study provides potentially interesting for researchers in the novel integrated method of the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and digital design methodology to apply in the field of energy and sustainability of socio-technical systems (STSs) used in the building energy management (BEM). The research sample is the air-conditioning system (ACS). The social and technical aspects of ACS are satisfaction and energy consumption. Ten sustainability criteria are applied to assess and monitor the fields of energy consumption and satisfaction with the aim of achieving sustainable consumption in the use of ACSs for BEM. This action can be carried out by nesting a circuit in a microprocessor and microcontroller for use in a building energy management system (BEMS). According to, the circuit obtained from the assessment of the study can be practically implemented and assembled in a BEMS as online. This work can define a sustainability-based BEMS.

KAJIAN KESIAPAN (E-READINESS) KECAMATAN DALAM PENERAPAN E-GOVERNMENT KOTA SEMARANG

The climate of Semarang that caracterized by dry and hot temperature,low humidity causes the use of air conditioning system in the residential building to obtain indoor thermal comfort. The rise of electricity rate will give a significant effect to the society, the strategy of domestic electricity consumption to be more effeicient is needed. The Government must make a policy as the Goverment Goodwill to realize the attention of electricity consumption efficiency as the experience of the neighbouring country, Malaysia. The efficiency of elecricity consumption was applied in the vision of City in the Garden. It is the government obligation to exemplify the pattern of energi saving to solve the issueof energi crisis. Related previous studies proved building design caused a squanderring of electricity consumption that harmed the environment. One of environmental friendly elements on building design is the application of greenwall.The initial experiment of this study carried out by creeping the plant up the wall of building model. The temperatur of building walls was hourly measured along the day. The result of this study found that creeped plant up the wall building decrease 20C of the indoor temperature. The application of greenwall showed the indoor temperature was lower the outdoor. The second result found that the decrease of indoor temperature was also influence by the planted area. The most effective place of the planted area is in middle of vertical wall.

An outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in newborns in Serbia

ABSTRACT Legionnaires’ disease is an atypical pneumonia caused by inhaling small droplets of water containing the bacterium Legionella spp. In newborns, it is a rare event, usually associated with water births and the use of air conditioning systems or air humidifiers. A nosocomial outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in the maternity ward of a secondary-care hospital in Arandjelovac, Serbia is described. Two male newborns were found to be infected with Legionnella pneumophila. On Days 7 and 6 of life, respectively, they were transferred to a tertiary-care hospital with signs of severe pneumonia which was radiologically confirmed. L. pneumophila was detected in tracheal secretions from both infants by RT-PCR, and its antigens were also positive in urine samples. The source of infection in the secondary-care hospital was the internal hot water heating system, and the main contributory factor to the emergence of the infection was the low temperature of the hot water which did not kill the bacteria during the available exposure time. These two cases highlight the importance of being cautious about possible Legionnaires’ disease in maternity wards with outdated or irregularly maintained internal water supply systems. The adoption of official guidelines for the control and regular maintenance of water supply systems, including the multidisciplinary cooperation of all relevant parties, forms the basis for direct monitoring for Legionella and the prevention of new outbreaks. Abbreviations: BCYE: buffered charcoal yeast extract agar; GVPC: glycine vancomycin polymyxin cycloheximide agar; LD - Legionnaires’ disease; TR-PCR: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

Penentuan ukuran pipa kapiler dengan program aplikasi CapSel Versi 1.0 pada AC trainer unit jenis ekspansi langsung dengan R-410A

The use of air conditioning system currently mostly uses the vapor compression cycle. One such air conditioning machine is a direct expansion type AC. In this type of air conditioner, the air is directly cooled by the refrigerant. Cold air is flowed through the air duct to be entered into the room to be cooled. The refrigerant used is R-410A which does not contain chlorine so it does not cause depletion of the ozone layer because it has an ODP = 0. This direct expansion unit trainer uses an expansion device in the form of a capillary tube and an external equalizer type TXV. To determine the size of the capillary tube on the trainer unit, the direct expansion type uses the CapSel version 1.0 application program. By using the input data for refrigerant type R-134A, refrigeration capacity 2,637.6 Watt (9000 BTU/hour), evaporation temperature 5 °C condensation temperature 47 °C, and return gas temperature 12 °C, the recommended capillary pipe size data is obtained, namely the length of the pipe. capillary 1.47 m with an inner diameter of 2.50 mm. The test was carried out by varying the velocity of the air leaving the airways at high speed (22.3 ft/s) and at low speed (7.9 ft/s). The refrigerant temperature and pressure data are measured at 4 measurement points and the measurement of the electric current entering the system. After processing the data and entering it into the Coolpack application program, the average COP and EER in the low speed position produce a higher price than the high speed position.

Greenhouse gas emissions associated with two air-conditioning systems for a university building

Recognizing the rise of global life standards, the associated energy consumption, and the widespread use of air-conditioning systems, there is a clear necessity to evaluate the environmental loads associated with energy supply systems. This study applied the Life Cycle Assessment methodology to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions associated with a solar absorption cooling system to be installed in a university building. The current, conventional air-conditioning system is also evaluated, and the emissions are compared with the solar absorption system. The solar absorption system was designed and is constituted of absorption chillers, solar collectors and storage tanks. The conventional system employs different types of mechanical chillers (wall-mounted, floor-mounted, cassette). The total emissions associated with the air-conditioning systems are constituted by a fixed share, related to equipment, and a variable share, related to electricity consumption. The overall emissions associated with the solar absorption and conventional air-conditioning systems are 144,452 and 346,569 kg CO2-eq/year, respectively. The results presented herein demonstrate the potential of the solar absorption system to mitigate climate changes.

Techno-economic evaluation of building envelope solutions in hot arid climate: A case study of educational building

Building energy use is becoming increasingly important worldwide, with the increasing necessity to attain indoor thermal conditions. The high temperatures in hot climates cause human dissatisfaction resulting in higher use of air conditioning systems. As a result, energy in those buildings rises regularly driven by the increase in the air conditioning systems operation. In the non-residential building sector, the air conditioning system consumes the majority of the building’s energy to satisfy the thermal comfort requirements. With this aim, simulations have nowadays become an important tool to fulfill various high-performance buildings. Dynamic simulations have often been used by designers to evaluate buildings’ energy performance to accomplish specific goals, as minimizing energy usage and environmental impacts. This study analyzes the energy savings obtained by the execution of retrofitting measures in an educational building located in Egypt through dynamic simulations of the building performance. The main objective is the creation of a decision matrix to select an optimal solution for the building envelope based on the effectiveness of thermal insulation, cost, and environmental factors. Based on the precise physical characteristics of the building’s vacancy schedule, geographical location, weather conditions, and the nature of construction, overall energy consumption would be determined. A sensitivity analysis is undertaken to assess the key factors that influence building energy consumption through the validated baseline model. The envelope is chosen as it is vital for the building’s energy efficiency and could account for up to 50% of the total heat gain in a building. Thermal insulation is one of the most effective implementations to provide desirable thermal comfort and minimize heat transfer into buildings, resulting in an energy consumption reduction. Two insulation materials are assessed through the building simulation model, the cost of each measure is estimated, and the emissions mitigation produced is obtained. With this information, a decision matrix is created that allows highlighting the best option based on the effectiveness of the measure in Egyptian hot arid climates. Among different insulations surveyed in Egypt, the study highlighted the effectiveness of using Extruded polystyrene insulation (XPS) with a thickness of 25 mm, resulting in reductions of about 16% in Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) energy consumption and 8% of the overall energy consumption with a payback period of about 25 months and a 29% Return on investment (ROI).