Use Of Manuscripts Research Articles

GPT Alumni AI Pesquisa: A Practical Tutorial for the Adoption and Ethical Use of AI in Scientific Research

Objective: This tutorial introduces the use of Alumni AI Pesquisa, a chatbot based on GPT-4, publicly available on the OpenAI platform, designed to support the ethical and transparent use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in academic research. The aim is to guide authors, editors, and reviewers in the responsible application of AI, ensuring scientific integrity throughout the editorial process. Method: The tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to access and utilize Alumni AI Pesquisa. The GPT-4 offers guidance on the ethical use of AI in academic writing, the oversight of editorial decisions assisted by AI, as well as compliance with editorial guidelines and manuscript formatting. Correct usage of AI is promoted through practical examples and references to global best practices. Results: Alumni AI Pesquisa provides immediate support tailored to different user profiles (authors, editors, and reviewers), encouraging transparent AI use in manuscripts. The tool ensures that AI-assisted decisions are validated by human supervisors, guaranteeing adherence to ethical and technical standards. Conclusions: Publicly available on the OpenAI platform, Alumni AI Pesquisa, powered by GPT-4, significantly contributes to the promotion of scientific integrity by facilitating responsible AI use in the academic environment. It is recommended that the use of the tool be cited in publications, explicitly mentioning the version (GPT-4).

Before the Reporter's Notebook: The Oblong Book in the Long Eighteenth Century

Throughout the eighteenth century, the oblong octavo format had a specific variety of uses. Held horizontally, oblong books were almost exclusively used for printed and manuscript music, and printed music books frequently contain manuscript additions by amateur musicians, as well as non-music additions. Held vertically, oblong books were used by sermon auditors, students, notetakers, and businessmen and women for their receipts. In this article, I examine the changing print and manuscript uses of the oblong book over the eighteenth century. I look at the stationers who sold oblong blank books in the context of their wider blank book offerings; the publishers and booksellers who used the oblong format for printed books and who accounted for manuscript use by those who purchased the volumes; and the everyday practice of the musicians, business owners, and students who used them. Ultimately, this article suggests that studying book format requires not only the skills of traditional bibliography, but also research into the practical use of books.

EPViz: A flexible and lightweight visualizer to facilitate predictive modeling for multi-channel EEG.

Scalp Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the most popular noninvasive modalities for studying real-time neural phenomena. While traditional EEG studies have focused on identifying group-level statistical effects, the rise of machine learning has prompted a shift in computational neuroscience towards spatio-temporal predictive analyses. We introduce a novel open-source viewer, the EEG Prediction Visualizer (EPViz), to aid researchers in developing, validating, and reporting their predictive modeling outputs. EPViz is a lightweight and standalone software package developed in Python. Beyond viewing and manipulating the EEG data, EPViz allows researchers to load a PyTorch deep learning model, apply it to EEG features, and overlay the output channel-wise or subject-level temporal predictions on top of the original time series. These results can be saved as high-resolution images for use in manuscripts and presentations. EPViz also provides valuable tools for clinician-scientists, including spectrum visualization, computation of basic data statistics, and annotation editing. Finally, we have included a built-in EDF anonymization module to facilitate sharing of clinical data. Taken together, EPViz fills a much needed gap in EEG visualization. Our user-friendly interface and rich collection of features may also help to promote collaboration between engineers and clinicians.

Implementation of Telemedicine Services for Safe Abortion Access During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Colombia

Background: Covid-19 represented a health, humanitarian and economic crisis that affected the world's population, causing changes in the dynamics, structure and behavior of society. Health services were reorganized or interrupted due to the change in the prioritization of health needs and tele-abortion was one of the alternatives to ensure access to safe abortion during the pandemic. Aim: To identify the challenges and opportunities for the provision of tele-abortion services in Colombia, specifically in the Profamilia Association during and after the Covid-19 health emergency. Methods: Qualitative exploratory-descriptive research, based on the methodology of systematization of experiences, developed in three stages: the review of public policy documents, the use of manuscript and oral primary sources, and the analysis of the information collected. Results: In Colombia, the health crisis led to a more accelerated implementation of telemedicine and telehealth standards. The implementation of tele-abortion services in Profamilia began in 2020 through the "Mía Kit" as part of a strategy to expand the right to self-managed abortion. The organization faced challenges and opportunities at the organizational, socio-political and cultural levels. The challenges were related to the need for training in the effective use of Information and Communication Technologies, the lack of guidelines for the provision of tele-abortion services and social imaginaries about the suitability of face-to-face care. Opportunities were found to be related to national coverage, protocols, programs and organizational policies on abortion care, and the preference of some users to receive abortion care in a non-face-to-face setting. Conclusion: Tele-abortion represents an opportunity to reduce the stigma associated with this intervention, allowing women to access this service in an environment they consider adequate and safe. Virtual advising and accompaniment are essential for this practice to be effective.

Bir Osmanlı Kıraat Âlimi: Ahmed er-Rüşdî

Bu makalede, 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı’da yetişen kıraat âlimlerinden biri olan Ahmed er-Rüşdî’nin (öl. 1217/1802) hayatına yer verilmiştir. 18. yüzyıl Osmanlı’da kıraat ilminin tarik ve mesleklerinin teşekkül ettiği bir dönemdir. Gidilen yol ve takip edilen usûl anlamına gelen tarik kelimesi kıraat ilminde, rivâyetten sonraki nakilleri ifade etmekle birlikte; eğitim-öğretimde takip edilen kaynak eser ve bu kaynağın kullanılmasında izlenen yöntem anlamlarında da kullanılmaktadır. Örneğin, Ebû Amr ed-Dânî’nin (öl. 444/1053) kıraat-i seb‘a’ya dair kaleme aldığı et-Teysîr’in kaynak eser olarak takip edildiği kıraat öğretimine “Teysîr tariki”, Kâsım b. Fîrruh eş-Şâtıbî’nin (öl. 590/1194) kaleme aldığı eş-Şâtıbiyye’nin kaynak eser olarak takip edildiği kıraat öğretimine ise “Şâtıbiyye tariki” denilmektedir. Ayrıca kaynak alınan esere dayalı olarak yapılan kıraat öğretiminin yaygınlık kazandığı beldelere nispetle isimlendirildiği de olmuştur. Nitekim et-Teysîr’in kaynak olarak alındığı “Teysîr tariki” İstanbul’da yaygınlık kazanmasından ötürü “İstanbul tariki”, eş-Şâtıbiyye’nin kaynak olarak alındığı “Şâtıbiyye tariki” ise Mısır’da yaygınlık kazandığı için “Mısır tariki” diye isimlendirilmiştir. Osmanlı’da, et-Teysîr’in kaynak olarak kullanıldığı kıraat öğretimi daha çok “İstanbul tariki”, eş-Şâtıbiyye’nin kaynak olarak kullanıldığı kıraat öğretimi ise “Mısır tariki” ismiyle şöhret bulmuştur. Özellikle 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı’da varlığını sürdüren İstanbul ve Mısır tarikinde, birtakım vecihlerin alınıp-alınmaması, takdim ve tehiri gibi hususlar çerçevesinde birbirinden ayrışan meslekler ortaya çıkmıştır. İstanbul tarikinde “Îtilâf mesleği” ve “Sûfî mesleği”; Mısır tarikinde ise “Mutkin mesleği” ve “Şeyh Atâullah mesleği” bu dönemde teşekkül etmiştir. Bu asırda yetişen Ali el-Mansûrî (öl. 1134/1721), Yusuf Efendizâde (öl. 1167/1754) ve Mustafa el-İzmîrî (öl. 1155/1742) gibi âlimler kaleme aldıkları eserler ile hem bu tarik ve mesleklere kaynaklık etmiş hem de kıraat birikiminin sonraki dönemlere ulaşmasına vesile olmuştur. Bu dönemde yetişmiş âlimlerden biri de Ahmed er-Rüşdî’dir. O, bir taraftan yetiştirdiği talebelerle diğer taraftan da kaleme almış olduğu Mürşidü’t-talebe adlı eserle Mısır tarikinin Osmanlı’daki ilk dönem uygulamalarının sonraki dönemlere hatta günümüze ulaşmasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Nitekim Mürşidü’t-talebe telif edildiği tarihten itibaren büyük ilgi görmüş ve hâlihazırda Türkiye’de devam eden kıraat tedrisinin temel kaynaklarından biri olarak yerini almış, özellikle de “Mısır tariki” ve “Şeyh Atâullah mesleği” mensuplarınca başucu kitabı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ahmed er-Rüşdî hafızlık eğitiminin ardından kıraat eğitimini Dülgerzâde İmamı Mahmud Efendi’nin (öl. 1166/1753) talebelerinden Reîsülkurrâ Hacızâde Muhammed Efendi’den (öl. 1214/1799’dan sonra), şer‘î ilimlere dair diğer eğitimini de Fatih Camii müderrislerinden Beyzâde Mustafa Efendî’den (öl. 1200/1785) tahsil etmiştir. Ahmed er-Rüşdî eğitimin ardından uzun yıllar ders halkaları oluşturmuştur. Ahmed er-Rüşdî’nin düzenlediği bu ders halkalarının büyük bir kısmını Fatih Camii’nde verdiği kıraat dersleri oluşturmaktadır. Birçok Osmanlı kıraat âlimi gibi Ahmed er-Rüşdî de kıraat eğitiminin yanında başka vazifeleri de yerine getirmiştir. Nitekim o, bir taraftan Fatih Camii ve Amcazâde Hüseyin Paşa Külliyesi’nde kıraat dersleri verirken diğer taraftan da I. Mahmud (öl. 1168/1754) tarafından Fatih Camii’nin bitişiğine yaptırılan Mahmud Han Kütüphanesi’nin serhâfız-ı kütüblük görevini yerine getirmiştir. Ayrıca Ahmed er-Rüşdî, İstanbul’da yapılan ilk Osmanlı sarayı olma vasfını taşıyan Sarây-ı Atîk-i Mâmure ile yine İstanbul’da 16. yüzyılda Kanûnî Sultan Süleyman (öl. 974/1566) tarafından babası Yavuz Sultan Selim (öl. 926/1520) adına yaptırılan Sultan Selim Camii’nde vaizlik yapmıştır. Buna rağmen Ahmed er-Rüşdî’nin hayatına dair bilgiler kaynak eserlerde yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu sebeple makalede, yazma eserlerden ve arşiv belgelerinden istifade edilerek Ahmed er-Rüşdî tanıtılmaya çalışılmıştır.

El culto a los santos en el monasterio de San Juan de la Peña. Claves de su codificación romana y transmisión en la Baja Edad Media

The Iberian Christian kingdoms adopted the Roman rite at the end of the 11th cent. This had two short-term effects on the liturgy of the saints. On the one hand, it promoted the introduction of many French saints’ cults derived from the use of manuscripts which served as models for the configuration of the Romanum officium. On the other hand, it caused a severe setback in the cult of the Iberian saints as the great majority of them were lacking proper formularies in the newly imported books. The process of romanization of the saints in medieval Iberia is still little understood, despite its great significance for the study of the liturgy at that time. This essay aims to shed light on this lacuna, taking the Benedictine monastery of San Juan de la Peña as a reference point. Fortunately, some extant liturgical witnesses to the Sanctorale are linked to this famous Pyrenean monastery, which also cover a wide chronological arc from the 12th to the 15th cent. The research carried out is divided into two phases. In phase 1, we analyse these sources, correcting the erroneous adscription to San Juan de la Peña of the El Escorial Breviary L.III.4. In phase 2, we contextualise the tradition of the cult of saints at San Juan de la Peña, comparing its calendar to those of other peninsular Benedictine and diocesan churches of Aragon.

From royal court to ancestral shrine: transposition of command documents in Early Chinese epigraphy

While the earliest attested Chinese manuscripts date only from the late fifth century BC, bronze inscriptions cast between the tenth and eighth centuries BC provide abundant evidence of the administrative use of manuscripts at the royal court, especially during the appointment ceremonies in which the royal secretaries read out the king's command to the aristocratic elite. These command documents were sometimes quoted at length in inscriptions cast on the ritual bronze vessels by these appointees, who had them displayed in their ancestral shrines and used them in ancestral sacrifices and ensuing feasts. Based on the epigraphic evidence, this paper explores various aspects of manuscript production in the Western Zhou administration (1045--771 BC) and investigates the complex editorial process behind the textual transfer from the command documents onto bronze ritual paraphernalia. Through an analysis of various editorial approaches to the composition of bronze inscriptions, the value and status imputed to manuscripts by Western Zhou aristocracy has been further discussed. Such reconstruction of lost manuscript practices can enrich our understanding of textual production not only during the Western Zhou period but in Early China in general.

Materiality, Documentary Authority, and the Circulation of the Katherine Group

Written in the decades before Ancrene Wisse, the Early Middle English hagiographies of the Katherine Group depict three virgin martyrs, Katherine, Margaret, and Juliana. Using touch and eyewitness accounts as measures of proof, the legend equates St. Margaret’s body with the textual corpus inscribed on animal hide. The manuscript’s documentary authority is verified through proximity to the holy body of the saint, and, in a similarly body-centred (and precarious) authority, the anchoress functions as the centre of an ephemeral textual community in the early thirteenth century. The Katherine Group narratives and codicological evidence indicate an anchoritic-lay literary culture operating adjacent to clerical manuscript culture, consistent with Catherine Innes-Parker’s theory about co-existing informal and formal vernacular textual cultures in the West Midlands. This “informal,” or ephemeral, textual community shaped lay literacy and manuscript use, including perceptions about the documentary authority of vernacular textual artifacts.

Materiality and Physicality of Medieval Manuscripts from Christian Nubia

The present paper offers an updated discussion on the codicological experience among Christian Nubians of the Middle Ages, dealing first with the materiality and then with the physicality of Nubian manuscripts. After defining the terms of materiality and physicality in an introductory part, the paper briefly deals with what we know about codices from Nubia and what sort of material was used as carriers of texts in Christian Nubia. Thence, light is shed on the differences observed between the systemic and archaeological contexts of Nubian codicological material and how the study of these contexts can advance our understanding of the use of manuscripts in Christian Nubia during the different phases of its cultural history. In the last part, the paper aims at opening new paths of understanding how the physical properties of the manuscripts carrying religious texts were experienced by Nubians through an understanding of these physical properties with their senses: seeing, hearing, touching, smelling, and tasting—with a focus on the last two senses.

The Volume Polynomial of Regular Semisimple Hessenberg Varieties and the Gelfand—Zetlin Polytope

Regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties are subvarieties of the flag variety $\mathrm{Flag}(\mathbb{C}^n)$ arising naturally in the intersection of geometry, representation theory, and combinatorics. Recent results of Abe-Horiguchi-Masuda-Murai-Sato and Abe-DeDieu-Galetto-Harada relate the volume polynomials of regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties to the volume polynomial of the Gelfand-Zetlin polytope $\mathrm{GZ}(\lambda)$ for $\lambda=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\ldots,\lambda_n)$. The main results of this manuscript use and generalize tools developed by Anderson-Tymoczko, Kiritchenko-Smirnov-Timorin, and Postnikov, in order to derive an explicit formula for the volume polynomials of regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties in terms of the volumes of certain faces of the Gelfand-Zetlin polytope, and also exhibit a manifestly positive, combinatorial formula for their coefficients with respect to the basis of monomials in the $\alpha_i := \lambda_i-\lambda_{i+1}$. In addition, motivated by these considerations, we carefully analyze the special case of the permutohedral variety, which is also known as the toric variety associated to Weyl chambers. In this case, we obtain an explicit decomposition of the permutohedron (the moment map image of the permutohedral variety) into combinatorial $(n-1)$-cubes, and also give a geometric interpretation of this decomposition by expressing the cohomology class of the permutohedral variety in $\mathrm{Flag}(\mathbb{C}^n)$ as a sum of the cohomology classes of a certain set of Richardson varieties.

WRITING BEFORE INSCRIBING: ON THE USE OF MANUSCRIPTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF WESTERN ZHOU BRONZE INSCRIPTIONS

AbstractWhile research on Warring States, Qin, and Han manuscripts is flourishing, much less is known about the use of manuscripts during the earlier stages of Chinese history, for which material evidence has not been preserved. Based on the layout features and textual anomalies in the Western Zhou bronze inscriptions, this article explores the traces of use of perishable writing supports in the process of the production of bronze inscriptions in this period and reconstructs their functions and physical qualities. Based on the surveyed evidence, the article posits that two distinct exemplar manuscripts were used in the inscription-making process: an original “master copy” that was kept aside for proofreading purposes and a secondary “blueprint” that was employed directly in the technical process of inscription-making. A single blueprint would be used consecutively by several craftsmen to produce a set of inscriptions on different types of vessels. The word count and layout of many inscriptions were already carefully planned during the process of their composition, and any study of a bronze text should therefore begin with the evaluation of its visual qualities. Moreover, this probe provides unambiguous evidence for the use of tube-lining in the inscription-making process and reconstructs the complete chaîne opératoire of bronze inscription production in the Late Western Zhou period. The article also offers insights into the level of literacy and the division of labor in bronze workshops, and touches upon the display function of bronze epigraphy during the Western Zhou period.

BlendMol: advanced macromolecular visualization in Blender

SummaryPrograms such as VMD and PyMOL are excellent tools for analyzing macromolecular structures, but they do not implement many of the advanced rendering techniques common in the film and video-game industries. In contrast, the open-source program Blender is a general-purpose tool for industry-standard rendering/visualization, but its user interface is poorly suited for rigorous scientific analysis. We present BlendMol, a Blender plugin that imports VMD or PyMOL scenes into Blender. BlendMol-generated images are well suited for use in manuscripts, outreach programs, websites and classes.Availability and implementationBlendMol is available free of charge from http://durrantlab.com/blendmol/. It is written in Python.Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

초기 우리말 성서의 저본 사용에 대한 통시적 연구 : 마태복음을 중심으로

초기 우리말 성서의 저본 사용에 대한 통시적 연구 : 마태복음을 중심으로

The museums of a local, national and supranational hero: Hugh Miller's collections over the decades

Hugh Miller (1802-1856), Scottish geologist, newspaper editor and writer, is a perhaps unique example of a geologist with a museum dedicated to him in his birthplace cottage, in Cromarty, northern Scotland. He finally housed his geological collection, principally of Scottish fossils, in a purpose-built museum at his house in Portobello, now in Edinburgh. After his death, the collection was purchased in 1859 by Government grant and public appeal, in part as a memorial to Miller, for the Natural History Museum (successively Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art, Royal Scottish Museum, and part of National Museums Scotland). The collection's documentation, curation and display over the years are outlined, using numerical patterns in the documentation as part of the evidence for its history. A substantial permanent display of the Miller Collection, partly by the retired Benjamin Peach (1842-1926), was installed from c. 1912 to 1939, and briefly postwar. A number of temporary displays, and one small permanent display, were thereafter created, especially for the 1952 and 2002 anniversaries. Miller's birthplace cottage was preserved by the family and a museum established there in 1885 by Miller's son Hugh Miller the younger (1850-1896) of the Geological Survey, with the assistance of his brother Lieutenant-Colonel William Miller (1842-1893) of the Indian Army, and the Quaker horticulturalist Sir Thomas Hanbury (c. 1832-1907), using a selection of specimens retained by the family in 1859. It may not have been fully opened to the public till 1888. It was refurbished for the 1902 centenary. A proposal to open a Hugh Miller Institute in Cromarty, combining a library and museum, to mark the centenary, was only partly successful, and the library element only was built. The cottage museum was transferred to the Cromarty Burgh Council in 1926 and the National Trust for Scotland in 1938. It was refurbished for the 1952 and just after the 2002 anniversaries, with transfer of some specimens and MSS to the Royal Scottish Museum and National Library of Scotland. The Cottage now operates as the Hugh Miller Birthplace Cottage and Museum together with Miller House, another family home, next door, with further specimens loaned by National Museums Scotland. The hitherto poorly understood fate of Miller's papers is outlined. They are important for research and as display objects. Most seem to have been lost, especially through the early death of his daughter Harriet Davidson (1839-1883) in Australia. Miller's collection illustrates some of the problems and opportunities of displaying named geological collections in museums, and the use of manuscripts and personalia with them. The exhibition strategies can be shown to respond to changing perceptions of Miller, famous in his time but much less well known latterly. There is, in retrospect, a clear long-term pattern of collaboration between museums and libraries in Edinburgh, Cromarty and elsewhere, strongly coupled to the fifty-year cycle of the anniversaries of Miller's birth.

Reading the Popes: The Liber pontificalis and Its Editors

Reading the Popes: The <i>Liber pontificalis</i> and Its Editors

Translation and editing: a study of editorial treatment of nominalisations in draft translations

ABSTRACTThough editing and revising are integral parts of translation, their effects on the language of the final translated text have scarcely been studied. The phenomena we observe in translated text are usually attributed to ‘the translator’, even though the multitude of agents involved in translation may also be responsible for them to various degrees. This paper defends the use of manuscripts in corpus-based Translation Studies by investigating differences in nominalisation between unedited and edited translations. Using a corpus of manuscript and published German translations of English business articles, I investigate what may motivate editors to replace a nominalisation in the translation manuscript by a verb to match the English source text. For this purpose, I analyse differences in the process types of the nominalised source text verbs and the structure and information density of the nominal group the nominalisation appears in. The findings show that editors exert extensive and systematic influence on the translated text. Crucially, the analysis shows that, if we only consider the published version of a translation, we might consider sentences as literal translations which in reality have undergone a considerable amount of shifts while passing through the stages of translation.

Text-oriented research into interpreting - Examples from a case-study

Different methodological tools were applied in a case study on interpretation of read-out speeches: A comparison of the 3 source texts used showed considerable differences between the „objective“ text description using quantifiable parameters and the „subjec-tive“ evaluation of the same speeches by the 12 participating interpreters. Incorrect rendition or omission of proper names/numbers was reduced by the use of the manuscript in the booth, while overall omissions/errors were highly variable between subjects. In a process-oriented approach, the relationship between use of manuscript, timelag and long omissions was studied and resulted in a series of new questions to be investigated. Finally, lexical variability proved surprisingly high with only 6.6% of words being used by all interpreters. Strengths and weaknesses of the different methodological tools will be discussed and proposals made for further research in the field.

Codex Sinaiticus and the use of manuscripts in the Early Church

Codex Sinaiticus, the world’s oldest and most complete manuscript of a Greek Bible (4th century) has a complicated and exciting history. Re-discovered by the German Theologian Constantin von Tischendorf (1844/1859), the already split codex was transferred to Europe (Leipzig, St. Petersburg, London). The donation of its major part to Tsar Alexander II in 1869 caused controversies about ownership during the 20th century. Some years ago, the four different parts were, virtually, united again. This was the starting point for a new and intensive examination of this precious manuscript. The present article discusses some old issues in the light of new insights.

Behavioral Disorders

This first issue of Behavioral Disorders in 2017 marks some important changes for the journal, with a new publisher and new co-editors. As we embark on this latest chapter for the journal, we thought it appropriate to communicate with the readership about recent changes and the opportunities they afford us, our commitment to the foundational mission of the journal, and future directions for reinvigorating that mission. For more than 40 years, Behavioral Disorders has been the primary research journal for those working in the service of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Over that time, the dedicated professionals in the field have made tremendous strides in developing and implementing a range of practices and strategies for improving the behavioral, social, and educational outcomes of students with EBD across varied and evolving settings. Although the progress made since the inception of the journal has been considerable (Maggin, Robertson, Oliver, Hollo, & Partin, 2010), considerable work remains to be done. It remains our goal for the journal to be at the forefront of applied research for students with the most intensive and chronic behavioral issues- which we believe requires us not only to maintain a close connection with the history and foundations of the journal but also to look for new directions for the journal to grow to meet the needs of an ever-changing field. In this editorial, we provide an overview of the recent changes that have occurred with the journal, emphasize the long-standing commitment of the journal to students with intense behavioral needs and the professionals who serve them, and outline key areas of focus for the journal moving forward.Recent ChangesOn January 1, 2017, the Hammill Institute on Disabilities became the publisher of Behavioral Disorders. Substantial time and thought went into selecting the new publishers, and we are excited about the benefits of joining the Hammill family of journals-which includes such high-quality journals as the Journal of Special Education, Remedial and Special Education, Journal of Positive Behavior Supports, Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, and now also Beyond Behavior. These benefits include enhanced visibility of the journal; increased support for authors, reviewers, and editors; use of Manuscript Central/Scholar One's user-friendly online system for submitting manuscripts and processing reviews; online availability of archived issues; online first versions of articles that provide immediate access to readers; and a return to publishing a hard (in addition to electronic) version of the journal.The change in publishers coincides with a new editorial team. We, Daniel Maggin and Bryan Cook, started a 3-year term as co-editors of Behavioral Disorders beginning January 1, 2017, taking over from previous co-editors Bryan Cook, Timothy Landrum, and Melody Tankersley. To provide continuity, Bryan is staying on as co-editor, and Tim has kindly agreed to serve as an associate editor for the journal. Over the previous 3 years, the journal has maintained its tradition of sound and impactful scholarship due to the hard work of our associate editors, editorial board, guest reviewers, and authors. We thank all of you, but especially want to acknowledge the journal's outgoing editors (Tim and Melody) and our assiduous associate editors over the past 3 years (Gregory Benner, Joseph Gagnon, Thomas Gumpe l, Kathleen Lane, and Daniel Maggin). As incoming editors, we look forward to continuing and advancing the strong tradition of the journal for serving those working to improve the outcomes for student with EBD by taking advantage of the opportunities afforded by moving to the Hammill Institute on Disabilities. As always, we will continue to rely on the expertise of our professional community to author high-quality manuscripts and provide insightful reviews.Commitment to the Journal's FoundationsWe view the bedrock mission of Behavioral Disorders to be disseminating sound, applied research that improves the educational outcomes of children and youth with intensive and chronic behavioral issues. …

‘And gret wel Chaucer whan ye mete’

This article will attempt to take stock of what we know about Chaucer's earliest audiences, that is, about uses of and references to his work made during his lifetime. Relevant new research on manuscript use and ownership has been included in the case of Thomas Hoccleve and the scrivener Thomas Spencer. In addition to various named addressees of Chaucer's works - Peter Bukton, Henry Scogan and Philip de la Vache - this brief survey lists contemporary references to Chaucer and his works in the poetry of John Gower, Eustache Deschamps, John Clanvowe and Thomas Usk.