Use In Early Childhood Research Articles

Relationship between parental role and gadget addiction in early childhood

According to Handrianto (2013) the use of gadgets in children has positive and negative impacts, as well as in early childhood. The positive impacts of using gadgets on children include developing imagination, training children's intelligence, increasing children's self-confidence, developing reading, mathematics and problem solving skills. Meanwhile, the negative impacts of using gadgets are reducing concentration in studying, laziness in writing and reading, decreased social skills, addiction, can cause health problems, hinder children's cognitive development, hinder language skills and affect children's behavior.Parents are expected to have a big role in preventing the negative impact of gadget use in early childhood. For this reason, parents need to be given socialization about the role of parents in preventing early childhood addiction to gadgets. This research has two objectives, firstly to find out the positive relationship between the role of parents and gadget addiction in older people and secondly to find out the negative relationship between the role of parents and gadget addiction in young children.The research method used is quantitative research using Spearman Rank Correlation Analysis from the results of a questionnaire on the role of parents and parents' perceptions about gadget addiction in early childhood. Parents were divided into two groups, 1 group that was not given socialization and 1 group of parents who were given socialization. Both groups were given a pre-test and post-test. This research was carried out on TKIT Taamasa parents who were selected using a purposive sampling technique.Based on research conducted on TKIT Taamasa parents, the Spearman Rank correlation coefficient test results obtained from the pre-test results in the control group were -0.449 (negative). Likewise, the results of the correlation coefficient test for the control group post test were -0.389 (negative), the experimental group pre test results -0.114 (negative) and the experimental group post test -0.141 (negative). This shows that there is a negative relationship between the role of parents and gadget addiction in early childhood. The higher the role of parents, the lower the gadget addiction in young children. The negative coefficient value also proves that there is no positive relationship between the role of parents and gadget addiction in early childhood.Based on the research results, it was found that there was a negative relationship between the role of TKIT Taamasa parents and gadget addiction in early childhood in the group of parents who were given socialization and who were not given socialization regarding the role of parents in gadget addiction in early childhood. The higher the role of parents, the lower the addiction to gadgets in early childhood. Thus, researchers suggest that the role of people needs to be increased to prevent early childhood addiction to gadgets.

Meta Analisis Persepsi Orang Tua Terhadap Penggunaan Gadget Pada Anak Usia Dini

This research aims to analyze parents' perceptions of gadget use in early childhood. The aim of this research is to determine parents' perceptions of gadget use in early childhood. The method used is meta-analysis, by describing the results of analysis from various studies that have been published nationally in Indonesia, then calculating the effect size. The research sample consisted of ten articles published in accredited national journals in the 2019-2024 period.

Relationship Between The Effectiveness Of Commucation In The Family with The Intensity Of The Use Of Early Childhood Gadgets In Kenagarian Pasar Baru Pesisir Selatan Regency

This research was motivated by the high intensity of playing with gadgets from early childhood in Kenagarian Pasar Baru, Pesisir Selatan Regency. The method used in the research is a quantitative approach with a correlational type. The population of this study was 52 parents who had children aged 3-6 years. The data collection method used is a questionnaire which contains statements that are used as a data collection tool. Next, the data was analyzed using a percentage formula with correlation using the Product Moment formula. The results of the research show that: (1) the effectiveness of communication in the family is classified as poor, (2) the intensity of gadget use in early childhood in Kenagarian Pasar Baru, Pesisir Selatan Regency is classified as high, and (3) there is a significant relationship between the effectiveness of communication in the family and the intensity of communication in the family. Early childhood gadget use in Kenagarian Pasar Baru, Pesisir Selatan Regency. Keywords: effectiveness of family communication, intensity of gadget use

Investigation of Breast Milk Use in Early Childhood and Its Psychobiochemical Effects

Aim: The periods in which the infant is fed only by breast-feeding (food: breast milk), and the period in which the infant can stay in contact with breast milk (nutrient: breast milk + food X) maximum by breast-feeding, and KSS score distributions in these periods were investigated. Material and Methods: In the research; Individuals between the ages of 18-25 were asked questions about the early childhood-infancy periods, to determine the duration of breast milk intake and breastfeeding, and the distribution of the scores they received was examined by applying the KSS. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient (0.723) was calculated to determine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Kerns Secure Scale. The data were collected digitally, and the minimum sample size was determined as 176 people with the G*Power (v3.1.9.7) program. In the research, data belonging to 209 people were studied, and SPSS 26 statistical program was used to determine the data. p

Penyuluhan dan Pendampingan kepada Guru dan Siswa MDTA Tentang Arif dan Bijak dalam Penggunaan Smartphone

Since the Covid-19 pandemic broke out, the presence of smartphones is felt to be very important, especially for students. The presence of a smartphone in the family must be addressed wisely and prudently. Because in essence, a smartphone is a technology that is analogous to a knife with 2 sides. Smartphones can have a positive impact if used in a positive direction and vice versa, they will cut and self-destruct if used in a negative direction. Awareness of the negative impact of smartphone use in early childhood should be a concern for parents because it can reduce the healthy quality and social life of adolescents. Early childhood is the next generation for religion, homeland, and nation which must be formed with the basic provisions of character so that they grow and develop into pious children who are assets for both parents. The target of this PkM activity is to provide counseling to teachers and students of MDTA Al-Mukminun Biaro, Kab. Religion. To find out the level of effectiveness of this PkM activity, an assessment was carried out using the media questionnaire instrument. Based on the processing of the questionnaire, the result was that this PkM activity obtained an average score of 82.71% in the good category. Even though this activity has obtained good results based on the assessment of the MDTA teachers, consistent efforts are needed and an increase in the effectiveness of PkM implementation for the next period. Efforts to increase the effectiveness of PkM implementation are also based on several suggestions and input submitted by MDTA teachers through effectiveness questionnaires.

Parental Malpractices Regarding Antibiotics Use in Early Childhood with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Parental Malpractices Regarding Antibiotics Use in Early Childhood with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Twelve-month psychosocial outcomes of continuous glucose monitoring with behavioural support in parents of young children with type 1 diabetes.

Managing type 1 diabetes in young children can cause significant stress for parents. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may reduce parental burden. The Strategies to Enhance CGM Use in Early Childhood (SENCE) trial randomized parents of children (ages 2 to <8 years) with type 1 diabetes to CGM with family behavioural intervention (CGM + FBI), CGM alone (Standard-CGM) or blood glucose monitoring for 26 weeks before receiving CGM + FBI (BGM-Crossover). This report assesses changes in psychosocial outcomes for all groups over 52 weeks. CGM + FBI (n = 45), Standard-CGM (n = 42) and BGM-Crossover (n = 44) participants completed psychosocial assessments at baseline, 26 weeks and 52 weeks. Repeated measures linear regression models evaluated change within and between treatment groups. The BGM-Crossover group reported improved diabetes burden (Δ -6.9, 95% CI [-11.3, -2.6], p = 0.003), fear of hypoglycaemia (Δ -6.4, CI [-10.1, -2.6], p = 0.002) and technology satisfaction (Δ 7.3, CI [2.4, 12.2], p = 0.005) from 26 to 52 weeks, similar to published findings in the CGM + FBI group over the first 26 weeks. The Standard-CGM group reported increased technology satisfaction (Δ 7.3, CI [0.6, 14.0], p = 0.027) from baseline to 52 weeks. The CGM + FBI group reported less diabetes burden and fear of hypoglycaemia from baseline to 52 weeks, but changes were not statistically significant. Scores from 26 to 52 weeks did not deteriorate. Parents demonstrated psychosocial benefits following FBI that appeared to maintain without additional intervention. CGM-focused education with behavioural support likely helps parents of young children with type 1 diabetes reduce burden and worry in the short- and long-term.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) METHOD TOWARDS ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING ON AUTISM STUDENT AT AL-KHAIRIYAH SCHOOL FOR SPECIAL CHILDREN (SLB) CILEGON

English is a language that used by people in the world. English can be learnt by students at school. This research aims to know the implementation of Total Physical Response (TPR) method towards English Language learning on Autism Student. The researcher used a case study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The method of data collection in this study is the observation method. The observations made by the researchers were participatory observations, and the researchers did not directly intervene with the object under investigation. The result of this research was TPR has been found suitable for early childhood use, TPR can also be used to teach English to children with autism. Children with autism have difficulty accessing learning content, such as lessons for non-autistic children. Autistic children usually have difficulty understanding spoken words relating to their language development. Keywords: learning, TPR, Autism Student

SMARTPHONES AND THE EFFECT OF ITS USE IN EARLY CHILDREN ON STUDENTS' LEARNING INTEREST

This study aims to determine the effect of smartphone use in early childhood on interest in learning in the pandemic era. The subject of this research is at Permata Hati Kids Kindergarten, Delanggu Klaten School. This study used a qualitative approach, the data were collected using the methods of observation, interviews, documentation and google forms. While the data analysis techniques used to describe the results of the research in a structured manner are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of the research above, it shows that children are happy playing smartphones and are lazy when invited to study, children prefer to watch YouTube rather than do assignments. Besides that, children are addicted to playing smartphones for a long time, making them lazy to study and do activities. Children also tend to be lazy, to think, because by looking at their smartphones, they find it easy to get what they want. The role played by parents to restore enthusiasm in increasing children's learning interest is that parents must act as role models, children's mirrors and facilitators.

Associations between activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours and psychosocial health in young children: a longitudinal compositional time-use study

BackgroundGood quality sleep, regular physical activity, and limited time spent sedentary are all considered individually important in promoting good mental health in children. However, few studies have examined the influence of each behaviour simultaneously, using compositional analysis which accounts for the closed nature of the 24-h day. Our aim was to determine how compositional time use in early childhood is prospectively related to mental and psychosocial health at 5 years of age.MethodsA total of 392 children wore Actical accelerometers 24-h a day for one week at 2, 3.5 and 5 years of age to examine time in sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour. Psychosocial and mental health were assessed at age 5 using both laboratory based (researcher-assessed) and questionnaire (parental-report) measures. Associations were estimated using regression models with isometric log-ratios of time-use components as predictors.ResultsCross-sectionally, 5-year old children who spent 10% (64 min) more time asleep than average had better inhibitory control (standardised mean difference [d]; 0.19; 95% confidence interal [CI]: 0.02, 0.36 for Statue test and d = 0.16; 95% CI: − 0.01, 0.33 for Heads–Toes–Knees–Shoulders task). A greater proportion of time spent active (10%, 31 min) was associated with poorer inhibitory control (d = − 0.07; 95% CI: − 0.13, − 0.02 for Statue test, d = − 0.06; 95% CI: − 0.11, − 0.01 for Heads–Toes–Knees–Shoulders task). By contrast, differences in time-use were not found to be significantly associated with any measure of self-regulation or mental health at 5 years of age, nor were any significant longitudinal relationships apparent.ConclusionsWe did not find a significant association between 24-h time use in the preschool years and any measure of psychosocial or mental health at 5 years of age, although some relationships with inhibitory control were observed cross-sectionally.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00892983, registered 5th May 2009.

The road to conventional tool use: Developmental changes in children's material engagement with artifacts in nursery school.

The development of tool use in early childhood is a topic of continuing interest in developmental psychology. However, the lack of studies in ecological settings results in many unknowns about how children come to use artifacts according to their cultural function. We report a longitudinal study with 17 sociodemographically diverse children (8 female) attending a nursery school in Madrid (Spain) and their two adult female teachers. Using mixed-effects models and Granger causality analysis, we measured changes in the frequency and duration of children's object uses between 7 and 17months of age and in the directional influences among pairs of behaviors performed by teachers and children. Results show a clear shift in how children use artifacts. As early as 12months of age, the frequency of conventional uses outweighs that of all other types of object use. In addition, object uses become shorter in duration with age, irrespective of their type. Moreover, certain teachers' nonlinguistic communicative strategies (e.g., demonstrations of canonical use and placing gestures) significantly influence and promote children's conventional tool use. Findings shed light on how children become increasingly proficient in conventional tool use through interactions with artifacts and others in nursery school.

Associations between digital media use and brain surface structural measures in preschool-aged children

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends limits on digital media use (“screen time”), citing cognitive-behavioral risks. Media use in early childhood is ubiquitous, though few imaging-based studies have been conducted to quantify impacts on brain development. Cortical morphology changes dynamically from infancy through adulthood and is associated with cognitive-behavioral abilities. The current study involved 52 children who completed MRI and cognitive testing at a single visit. The MRI protocol included a high-resolution T1-weighted anatomical scan. The child’s parent completed the ScreenQ composite measure of media use. MRI measures included cortical thickness (CT) and sulcal depth (SD) across the cerebrum. ScreenQ was applied as a predictor of CT and SD first in whole-brain regression analyses and then for regions of interest (ROIs) identified in a prior study of screen time involving adolescents, controlling for sex, age and maternal education. Higher ScreenQ scores were correlated with lower CT in right-lateralized occipital, parietal, temporal and fusiform areas, and also lower SD in right-lateralized inferior temporal/fusiform areas, with substantially greater statistical significance in ROI-based analyses. These areas support primary visual and higher-order processing and align with prior findings in adolescents. While differences in visual areas likely reflect maturation, those in higher-order areas may suggest under-development, though further studies are needed.

ABCs or Attack-Boom-Crash? A longitudinal analysis of associations between media content and the development of problematic media use in early childhood.

Researchers have begun to extensively examine pathological (or addictive-like) media use during adolescence and adulthood. However, few studies have examined precursors to these types of behavior (termed problematic media use) in early childhood, with even fewer examining predictors of this behavior over time. The current longitudinal study examined bi-directional associations between television content (educational, prosocial, and violence) and problematic media use over a 1-year period during early childhood. Participants included 443 children (M age at Wave 1 = 29.68 months) and their parents. Results revealed that early educational media was protective against developing problematic media use over time. However, early problematic media use was not predictive of future media content choices longitudinally. Additionally, problematic media use was moderately stable over time. Implications for parents and policy makers regarding the importance of early media content for later outcomes and consideration of media use trajectories are discussed.

Validation of a new scoring approach of a child dietary questionnaire for use in early childhood among low-income, Latino populations

BackgroundMeasuring diet quality in early childhood requires time-intensive and costly measurements (e.g., 24-hour diet recall) that are especially burdensome for low-income, minority populations. This study aimed to validate a new method for calculating overall diet quality among low-income, Latino preschoolers.MethodsThis study was an observational study using data from a randomized controlled trial. Participants included parents of Latino preschoolers who reported child diet quality at baseline, 4-month, 7-month, 12-month, and 13-month follow-up. At each timepoint parents responded to a 28-item child dietary questionnaire (CDQ), based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dietary module, which generated the number of times/day that a child ate each of 28 foods in the past month. These 28 items were then used to create a total standardized child diet quality index (possible range 0-100), using a percent of maximum method. Parents were asked to complete three 24-hour diet recalls at the 13-month follow-up, from which the 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was derived. Construct validity was evaluated by Spearman’s rank correlations between the new child diet quality index and the 2015 HEI at the 13-month follow-up. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for sequential pairs of time points.ResultsAmong 71 eligible parent-child pairs, mean child age was 4.2 (SD = 0.8) years, 50.7% of children were female, and mean child body mass index (BMI) was 17.8 (SD = 2.0) kg/m2. Mean Child Diet Quality Index was 45.2 (SD = 3.2) and mean HEI was 68.4 (SD = 10.5). Child Diet Quality Index and HEI total scores were significantly correlated (r = 0.37; p = 0.001). Test-retest ICCs were statistically significant between all sequential pairs of time points.ConclusionThe new approach for calculating a measure of overall diet quality from the previously-validated 28-item dietary questionnaire demonstrated modest construct validity. When time and resources are limited, this new measure of overall diet quality may be an appropriate choice among low-income, Latino preschoolers.Trial RegistrationThis reports presents observational data collected as a part of a clinical trial, which was registered on clinicaltrials.gov prior to participant enrollment (NCT03141151).

Pengembangan Buku Lembar Kerja Anak untuk Menumbuhkan Pengetahuan tentang Virus Corona pada Anak Usia Dini

Growing early childhood knowledge about the corona virus can be done through interesting media or teaching materials such as pictures, videos or books. Usually children will be more interested in teaching materials that have lots of pictures and are full of color. This study aims to develop Children's Worksheets as teaching materials to grow knowledge about the corona virus. The research method used in this study is a type of R&amp;D (Research and Development) research based on the Borg and Gall model procedure that has been modified by Sugiyono, but the researcher only uses 7 steps out of 10 existing steps. The subjects of this study were early childhood in group B at PAUD Taman Sari Palembang. Collecting data using observation (initial observations), questionnaire sheets and documentation. This study uses qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results showed that the development of children's worksheets to grow knowledge about the corona virus had met the valid and appropriate criteria for use in early childhood.

Parents’ Attitudes towards Digital Technology Use in Early Childhood

The use of digital technology is significant in improving children’s teaching and learning experiences. For their children to experience the enormous advantages of digital technology, parental involvement is deemed crucial. On that note, this study investigates parents’ attitudes towards the advantages and disadvantages of digital technology during the early years. Also, this study examines the relationships between family monthly income and the parents’ perceptions towards the use of digital technology. Using a simple random sampling technique, a total of 136 completed survey questionnaires were collected from parents whose children enrolled at formal early childhood education institutions in Malaysia. Descriptive analysis, reliability analysis and a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were performed. The finding reveals that parents showed positive attitudes towards the use of digital technology in early childhood. Additionally, the study indicates that family monthly income did not influence the parents’ attitudes towards the advantages and disadvantages of digital technology. Future research is suggested to include the involvement of preschool stakeholders in designing and managing educational materials for preschoolers.

Performance of the UNICEF/UN Washington Group tool for identifying functional difficulty in rural Zimbabwean children.

Over one billion people live with disability worldwide, of whom 80% are in developing countries. Robust childhood disability data are limited, particularly as tools for identifying disability function poorly at young ages. A subgroup of children enrolled in the Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial (a cluster-randomised, community-based, 2x2 factorial trial in two rural districts in Zimbabwe) had neurodevelopmental assessments at 2 years of age. We evaluated functional difficulty prevalence in HIV-exposed and HIV-unexposed children using the Washington Group Child Functioning Module (WGCFM), comparing absolute difference using chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests. Concurrent validity with the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool (MDAT) was assessed using logistic regression with cohort MDAT score quartiles, linear regression for unit-increase in raw scores and a Generalised Estimating Equation approach (to adjust for clusters) to compare MDAT scores of those with and without functional difficulty. A 3-step, cluster-adjusted multivariable regression model was then carried out to examine risk factors for functional difficulty. Functional Difficulty prevalence was 4.2% (95%CI: 3.2%, 5.2%) in HIV-unexposed children (n = 1606) versus 6.1% (95%CI: 3.5%, 8.9%) in HIV-exposed children (n = 314) (absolute difference 1.9%, 95%CI: -0.93%, 4.69%; p = 0.14). Functional difficulty score correlated negatively with MDAT: for each unit increase in WGCFM score, children completed 2.6 (95%CI: 2.2, 3.1) fewer MDAT items (p = 0.001). Children from families with food insecurity and poorer housing were more at risk of functional difficulty. Functional difficulty was identified in approximately 1-in-20 children in rural Zimbabwe, which is comparable to prevalence in previous studies. WGCFM showed concurrent validity with the MDAT, supporting its use in early childhood.

TV, computer, tablet and smartphone use and autism spectrum disorder risk in early childhood: a nationally-representative study

BackgroundScreen media use in early childhood has largely increased in recent years, even more so during the COVID-19 epidemic, and there is much discussion regarding its influence on neurodevelopment, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).MethodsWe examined the relationship between use of TV, computer, tablet and smartphone at age 2 years and risk of ASD assessed in telephone-based questionnaires among 12,950 children participating in the nationally representative ELFE (‘Etude Longitudinale Française sur les Enfants’) birth cohort study in France.ResultsIn inverse-probability weighted (IPW) multinomial regression analyses, children’s weekly or daily screen media use was associated with an increased likelihood of an intermediate risk of ASD (IPW-controlled OR for weekly use:1.07, 95% CI 1.02—1.12; IPW-controlled OR for daily use:1.05, 95% CI 1.02—1.08) but inversely associated with a high risk (IPW-controlled OR for weekly use: 0.60, 95% CI 0.50—0.73; IPW-controlled OR for daily use: 0.75, 95% CI 0.62—0.91), as ascertained by the M-CHAT. This was confirmed when studying TV as well as computer/tablet exposure separately.ConclusionsOverall, our nationally-representative study conducted among a large sample of 2-year-old children, indicates a complex relationship between screen exposure and ASD risk.

Measuring PROMIS® Emotional Distress in Early Childhood.

Create and validate developmentally sensitive parent-report measures of emotional distress for children ages 1-5 years that conceptually align with the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) pediatric measures. Initial items were generated based on expert and parent input regarding core components of emotional distress in early childhood and review of theoretical and empirical work in this domain. Items were psychometrically tested using data from two waves of panel surveys. Item response theory (IRT) was applied to develop item calibration parameters (Wave 1), and scores were centered on a general U.S. population sample (Wave 2). Final PROMIS early childhood (EC) instruments were compared with existing measures of related constructs to establish construct validity. Experts and parents confirmed the content validity of the existing PROMIS Pediatric emotional distress domains (i.e., anger, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) as developmentally salient for young children. Existing items were adapted and expanded for early childhood by employing best practices from developmental measurement science. Item banks as well as 4- and 8-item short forms, free from differential item functioning across sex and age, were constructed for the three domains based on rigorous IRT analyses. Correlations with subscales from previously validated measures provided further evidence of construct validity. The PROMIS EC Anger/Irritability, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms measures demonstrated good reliability and initial evidence of validity for use in early childhood. This is an important contribution to advancing brief, efficient measurement of emotional distress in young children, closing a developmental gap in PROMIS pediatric emotional distress assessment.

Reconstruction of Post-pandemic Early Childhood Religious Attitudes Against the Effects of Excessive Gadget Use Through Sigmund Freud's Psycho-Analysis Approach

Over the past year, the pandemic has had a major impact on the use of gadgets, one of which is at an early age in Indonesia. The latest data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency in December 2020 showed that around 3.5% of children under five and 47.7% of preschoolers had used gadgets in their daily lives during the pandemic. Surely this can interfere with the development of early childhood, especially in the development of religious attitudes. This research is to obtain information about excessive gadget use in early childhood during the pandemic, as well as to obtain solutions and efforts to reconstruct early childhood religious attitudes towards the effects of excessive gadget use after analysis through the Freudian approach. The object of this research is early childhood (1-6 years) and their parents. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research method, which was obtained from the study of literature. The results showed that the use of gadgets in early childhood during the pandemic was the lack of intensive supervision by each parent and also boredom during the pandemic. Solutions and efforts to reconstruct religious attitudes of early childhood to the effects of excessive use of gadgets post-pandemic can be done through Sigmund Freud's psycho-analysis approach by intensive parenting and games.