Use And Disposal Research Articles

Evaluating Drivers and Barriers of Integrated Waste Management System Implementation in Indonesian Construction Industry: A DEMATEL-Based Analytical Network Process

The growth of construction industries in Indonesia creates an increasing level of generated construction waste. The limited implementation of ISO 14001 in the Indonesian construction industry might indicate the limited implementation of waste management based on sustainability principles. Therefore, this study aims to explore the drivers and barriers to implementing integrated waste management in construction industries. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Modified Kappa methods were utilized to validate the indicators from the literature review. A total of 18 driver factors and 21 barrier factors in six dimensions were assessed by seven experts. This study then employs the decision-making evaluation and laboratory-based analytical network process (DEMATEL-based ANP) to find the weight and relation between each indicator and dimension. The results show that environmental awareness is the most important factor that drives construction industries to implement waste management in their company. In contrast, a lack of education about waste management is the most significant factor that inhibits construction industries from implementing sound waste management systems.

Autophagy-Dependent Secretion: Crosstalk between Autophagy and Exosome Biogenesis.

The cellular secretome is pivotal in mediating intercellular communication and coordinating responses to stressors. Exosomes, initially recognized for their role in waste disposal, have now emerged as key intercellular messengers with significant therapeutic and diagnostic potential. Similarly, autophagy has transcended its traditional role as a waste removal mechanism, emerging as a regulator of intracellular communication pathways and a contributor to a unique autophagy-dependent secretome. Secretory authophagy, initiated by various stress stimuli, prompts the selective release of proteins implicated in inflammation, including leaderless proteins that bypass the conventional endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi secretory pathway. This reflects the significant impact of stress-induced autophagy on cellular secretion profiles, including the modulation of exosome release. The convergence of exosome biogenesis and autophagy is exemplified by the formation of amphisomes, vesicles that integrate autophagic and endosomal pathways, indicating their synergistic interplay. Regulatory proteins common to both pathways, particularly mTORC1, emerge as potential therapeutic targets to alter cellular secretion profiles involved in various diseases. This review explores the dynamic interplay between autophagy and exosome formation, highlighting the potential to influence the secretome composition. While the modulation of exosome secretion and cytokine preconditioning is well-established in regenerative medicine, the strategic manipulation of autophagy is still underexplored, presenting a promising but uncharted therapeutic landscape.

Minimizing the environmental impacts of waste valorization systems using multi-criteria life cycle optimization

Unsustainable waste management practices impose severe environmental hazards, health risks, and financial burdens. Waste valorization systems have emerged to mitigate the negative impacts of landfilling while recovering finite materials and renewable energy. This study aims to develop a life cycle assessment (LCA)-based multi-criteria framework using linear programming to optimize municipal waste allocation to multiple valorization facilities. The developed optimization model minimizes the life cycle impacts of integrated waste management on several life cycle impact categories. A multi-criteria decision-making analysis is implemented to account for the relative importance of the examined environmental categories, and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the effect of varying the importance weights. The variation between different LCA methods, IMPACT, CML, and ReCiPe, is also investigated. The proposed framework is applied to Egypt based on local conditions and strategic priorities. The LCA findings reveal that processing recyclables in material recovery facilities enhances the environmental performance in all impact categories except ozone layer depletion. To achieve minimum environmental effects on the assessed impact categories, single objective models suggest the diversion of recyclables to material recovery facilities and non-recyclables to gasifiers. The Pareto front of IMPACT involves anaerobic digesters and incinerators, CML comprises composting facilities, and ReCiPe includes incinerators. Overall, this study provides a lifecycle-based decision-making guide for the planning and optimization of sustainable waste management systems, and highlights the potential variations in the outcomes of different LCA methods adopted.

Toward sustainable food systems: can spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) become a sustainable source of protein to enhance the nutritional benefits of cultured Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)?

Hunger affected 278 million people in Africa in 2021, and in Kenya, the proportion of the population unable to afford a healthy diet is 81%. To combat hunger and increase resilience throughout the food system, spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) has been shown to have remarkable properties. The main aim of this study is to investigate whether protein from spirulina is a suitable alternative to protein sourced from fish meal in fish feed for juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In a trial investigating the use of spirulina biomass for fish feed on juvenile Nile tilapia, it has been proven that tilapia fingerlings fed diets with spirulina, replacing up to 30% of fish meal protein, were not affected in terms of growth performance compared to the fish fed the commercial diet. This shows that, nutritionally, protein from spirulina can replace fish meal protein fed to juvenile Nile tilapia. This offers promising opportunities for enhanced food and nutrition security. If produced affordably, spirulina can have a significant impact on the income level of low-income fish farmers in Kenya, who often spend more than 50% of their income on commercial fish feed. Affordability can be made possible if small-scale farmers can produce spirulina using animal manure that is available on the farm instead of using highly priced commercial fertilizer. The additional environmental benefits of spirulina include carbon dioxide sequestration and the removal of nitrogenous and phosphorous waste from the wastewater. Spirulina can therefore increase the sustainability of a whole food system.

Sustainable urban development: Evaluating the potential of mineral-based construction and demolition waste recycling in emerging economies

Widespread illegal disposal of surging construction and demolition waste (CDW) is a prominent threat to recycling, leading to resource wastage and environmental issues. The lack of data is a major barrier to designing an effective waste management system in emerging economies. Employing a mixed-method approach, a cross-sectional case study was conducted on an Indian city to assess the existing system and investigate the root causes of low recycling rates and limited demand for recycled materials. The study finds that (a) illegal disposal is prevalent due to the "end-of-pipe" approach of the waste management system, (b) policy enforcement on waste generators is weak, (c) low-rise residential buildings are the major contributor of waste, (d) low demand for recycled material is due to lack of awareness, marketing, incentives, and high costs, (e) transportation costs are 50 % higher than the recycled material cost, and (f) lack of segregation leading to the production of low-value materials. All these factors make recycling unattractive and the circular economy (CE) unfeasible. Stakeholder awareness, a centralized trading platform, and integrated waste management systems are essential to promote recycling and advance SDGs 9, 11, and 12, focusing on industry, sustainable cities, and responsible consumption and production.

CDX2 dose-dependently influences the gene regulatory network underlying human extraembryonic mesoderm development.

Loss of Cdx2 in vivo leads to stunted development of the allantois, an extraembryonic mesoderm-derived structure critical for nutrient delivery and waste removal in the early embryo. Here, we investigate how CDX2 dose-dependently influences the gene regulatory network underlying extraembryonic mesoderm development. By engineering human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) consisting of wild-type (WT), heterozygous (CDX2-Het), and homozygous null CDX2 (CDX2-KO) genotypes, differentiating these cells in a 2D gastruloid model, and subjecting these cells to single-nucleus RNA and ATAC sequencing, we identify several pathways that are dose-dependently regulated by CDX2 including VEGF and non-canonical WNT. snATAC-seq reveals that CDX2-Het cells retain a WT-like chromatin accessibility profile, suggesting accessibility alone is not sufficient to drive this variability in gene expression. Because the loss of CDX2 or TBXT phenocopy one another in vivo, we compared differentially expressed genes in our CDX2-KO to those from TBXT-KO hiPSCs differentiated in an analogous experiment. This comparison identifies several communally misregulated genes that are critical for cytoskeletal integrity and tissue permeability. Together, these results clarify how CDX2 dose-dependently regulates gene expression in the extraembryonic mesoderm and reveal pathways that may underlie the defects in vascular development and allantoic elongation seen in vivo.

Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Aqueous Solution using NiZnFe2O4/TiO2 Nanocomposites Adsorbent

This research explores the adsorption effectiveness of NiZnFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites regarding Cr(VI). The nanocomposites were effectively synthesized utilizing coprecipitation and Stöber methods, incorporating diverse molar ratios of TiO2. The samples were subjected to characterization using methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). These analyses were conducted to evaluate the crystal structure, morphology, chemical bond formation, optical properties, magnetic properties, and removal efficiency of the specimens. XRD results showed that NiZnFe2O4 and TiO2 have a cubic and tetragonal structure. The crystallite size decreased as the TiO2 concentration increased. TEM image of NiZnFe2O4 reveals the formation of clusters, indicating uneven dispersion under agglomerated conditions. The average particle size is measured at (10.6 ± 0.8) nm. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis demonstrated the presence of functional groups O-H, C-H, and H-O-H, indicating the successful synthesis of the material. Moreover, the identification of MO-octahedral, MO-tetrahedral, and Ti-O functional groups suggested the formation of NiZnFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites. The incorporation of TiO2 had an impact on both the saturation magnetization and coercivity values, which fell within the ranges of 12.4 to 22.9 emu/g and 47 to 55 Oe, respectively. This finding indicates the presence of advantageous magnetic properties. The absorbance spectrum of these nanocomposites displayed a shift to the right (redshift), allowing them to absorb ultraviolet rays. The band gap of these nanocomposites ranges from (2.85 ± 0.02) to (3.29 ± 0.02) eV. Notably, NiZnFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites with a concentration ratio of 1:5 exhibit effective Cr(VI) removal efficiency, achieving a degradation value of 65.6%. The pseudo-kinetic model was first investigated to describe kinetic data and Cr(VI) removal determination. The SEM-EDX adsorbent results after adsorption showed the presence of Cr(VI) in the nanocomposites. Therefore, these results can promote NiZnFe2O4/TiO2 nanocomposites as a promising candidate in the removal of heavy metal waste.

A Framework to Assess Advanced Reactor Spent Fuel Management Facility Deployment

Advanced nuclear reactors offer various operational advantages over existing light water reactors but could produce types of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) with a wide variety of forms and characteristics depending on how many different concepts are deployed. Each advanced reactor SNF type potentially poses unique management challenges. New planning efforts will be necessary to anticipate how the management requirements of advanced reactor SNF will affect the deployment of an integrated waste management system. This paper applies a framework of high-level facility deployment milestones to a generic SNF management system, reviewing them together with the advanced reactor SNF characteristics and management requirements. This allows for the investigation of factors that influence facility and system deployment, and ultimately, the identification of challenges facing the deployment of different kinds of SNF management facilities. The back end of the once-through fuel cycle is examined for four advanced reactor system technology types: sodium-cooled fast reactors, high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, liquid-fuel molten salt reactors, and lead-cooled fast reactors. It is observed that milestones earlier in the facility deployment process (e.g., siting and facility design) are more impacted by the uniqueness of advanced reactor SNF characteristics than others (e.g., construction and testing). Ultimately, none of the differences are seen as fundamentally disqualifying in a technical sense; however, they should be considered early, potentially as part of reactor design, to avoid issues in the future.

Assessing Riverbank Change Caused by Sand Mining and Waste Disposal Using Web-Based Volunteered Geographic Information

River water is one of the most important natural resources for economic development and environmental sustainability. However, river water systems are vulnerable in some of the densely populated regions across the globe. Intense sand mining and waste disposal can lead to river changes, loose foundations, and biodiversity loss. This study aims to develop a web-based geographic information system (GIS) platform to monitor river channel changes and their impacts on river environments due to sand mining and waste burial. The system integrates open-source software, Windows Server 2012, a web server, and PostgreSQL with PostGIS plugins for efficient mapping and storage of geospatial data and volunteered reporting of location events. Interferometric methods, including SNAP2STAMPS Automated Algorithm, persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI), small baseline subset (SBAS), and Snap software, were used to analyze spatial changes of subsidence from Sentinel-1 satellite data from 2021 to 2023 in the Gadar River in Oshnavieh, Iran. The results showed that the maximum subsidence at the riverbank was −10.1 cm due to sand mining, and the maximum uplift was 8.2 cm due to waste landfilling. The average subsidence was reported to be −5.1 cm. The results emphasize spatial analysis, showcasing material mining’s impact on subsidence trends and underscoring the significance of public participation in monitoring river health. Three parameters—completeness, correctness, and quality—were used to validate the system. Validation results showed completeness, correctness, and quality rates of 94.15%, 92.48%, and 86.63%, respectively.

Radioactivity in the Southern East Baghdad Oilfield from the Reservoir to the Surface Environment

Naturally occurring radioactivity was evaluated in the reservoir rock, surface soil samples, and oil production waste at the East Baghdad South (EBS) Oil Field. The radioactivity of uranium-238 (and radium-226), thorium-232, and potassium-40 were calculated in core samples from four geological formations: Al-Zubair, Al-Khasib, Tanuma, and Hartha Formations, which represent the oil reservoirs in the study area in addition to the natural GR and SGR logs for the oil well in EBS were calculated. The radioactivity of the above-mentioned nuclides was also measured for surface soil samples and waste samples from the site of the oil production industry at the EBS oilfield. The measurements included all the stages of oil production from the collection of crude oil from the wells stage to the storage of the manufactured oil. It also included measurements of radioactivity in samples for some sites outside the industry and near the oil wells in the region. Total radioactivity was measured in count/second and the exposure dose rates were also measured at all the above sites. Relatively high concentrations of uranium-238 and radium-226 were found in rock core samples of some geological units within the oil reservoir formations which will certainly move with the oil to the surface and collect with waste (such as sludge) when oil is produced. Although, some sites have higher Ra-226, Th-232, and K-40, in the sludge samples and oily soil, such as in the 1st separator stage, water separation (Desalter) stage, and near the waste pit, these locations are acceptable if they are compared with other oilfields worldwide. The gamma absorbed doses calculated inside the EBS oil industry were higher than the global average of (59) nGy/h where Ra-226 is the main contributor in these doses, on the other hand, external hazard index (Hex) values less than unity so they are acceptable according to UNSCEAR. Radiation dose values in some places in the study area exceed the values recommended by ICRP, UNSCEAR, and IAEA (1 mSv/y) for the public but less than the values recommended for workers (20 mSv/y). generally, the site of EBS- oilfield does not show radioactive contamination or significant radioactive hazards, as it is a new facility, and safety instructions are still strictly applied, and the removal of waste immediately before its spread by the activity of the workers in the facility.

Corpora amylacea negatively correlate with hippocampal tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Severity and distribution of aggregated tau and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) are strongly correlated with the clinical presentation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clearance of aggregated tau could decrease the rate of NFT formation and delay AD onset. Recent studies implicate corpora amylacea (CA) as a regulator of onset or accumulation of tau pathology. Normally, CA clear brain waste products by amassing cellular debris, which are then extruded into the cerebrospinal fluid to be phagocytosed. The proper functioning of CA may slow progression of AD-associated NFT pathology, and this relationship may be influenced by amount and distribution of phospho-tau (pTau) produced, age, sex, and genetic risk. The goal of this study was to determine if CA size and number are associated with hippocampal location and local pTau severity while accounting for variations in age, sex, and genetic risk. Postmortem brain hippocampal tissue sections from 40 AD and 38 unaffected donors were immunohistochemically stained with AT8 (pTau) and counter stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS). Stained sections of the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus were analyzed. The percent area occupied (%AO) of CA, pTau, and NFT was calculated. Pairwise comparisons and regression modeling were used to analyze the influence of age, pTau %AO, and genetic risk on %AO by CA in each region, separately in donors with AD and unaffected donors. CA %AO was significantly higher in the CA3 region compared to CA1 in both groups. A significant negative correlation of CA %AO with both pTau %AO and neurofibrillary tangle %AO in the CA3 region of AD brain donors was found. Regression analysis in the CA3 region revealed a significant negative association between CA with both pTau and age. We found an increase of CA in the CA3 region, compared to CA1 region, in AD and unaffected donors. This may suggest that the CA3 region is a hub for waste removal. Additionally, the negative correlation between %AO by CA and NFT in the CA3 region of the hippocampus in donors with AD suggests CA could play a role in AD pathologic progression by influencing tau clearance.

Critical Review of Field Studies of Chemical Surface Coatings to Mitigate Leaching from Mining Wastes.

Source control of mine drainage and leachate from mining wastes is ideal, but there is limited use of control methods aside from removal of wastes to repositories or capping wastes in situ. In some locations, neither removal nor capping is possible; thus, there is renewed interest in understanding technologies for coating mining wastes. This paper presents the current state of knowledge from a critical review of the few field case studies where chemical coating technologies have been applied to mined surfaces (e.g. a highwall) or mining wastes. It also includes laboratory studies where the same technology was examined on the same type of waste material as the field studies. The chemicals used in field studies for coating mining wastes were magnesium oxide, potassium permanganate, silicate compounds, phosphate compounds, and a furfuryl alcohol resin sealant. Descriptions of the methods employed, and results obtained are provided. Limitations of the individual studies and of the technologies in general are discussed. Potential reasons why coating technologies have not been commonly used are presented, along with further research needs.

Technological solutions to landfill management: Towards recovery of biomethane and carbon neutrality

Inadequate landfill management poses risks to the environment and human health, necessitating action. Poorly designed and operated landfills release harmful gases, contaminate water, and deplete resources. Aligning landfill management with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reveals its crucial role in achieving various targets. Urgent transformation of landfill practices is necessary to address challenges like climate change, carbon neutrality, food security, and resource recovery. The scientific community recognizes landfill management's impact on climate change, evidenced by in over 191 published articles (1998–2023). This article presents emerging solutions for sustainable landfill management, including physico-chemical, oxidation, and biological treatments. Each technology is evaluated for practical applications. The article emphasizes landfill management's global significance in pursuing carbon neutrality, prioritizing resource recovery over end-of-pipe treatments. It is important to note that minimizing water, chemical, and energy inputs in nutrient recovery is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Water reuse, energy recovery, and material selection during manufacturing are vital. The potential of water technologies for recovering macro-nutrients from landfill leachate is explored, considering feasibility factors. Integrated waste management approaches, such as recycling and composting, reduce waste and minimize environmental impact. It is conclusively evident that the water technologies not only facilitate the purification of leachate but also enable the recovery of valuable substances such as ammonium, heavy metals, nutrients, and salts. This recovery process holds economic benefits, while the conversion of CH4 and hydrogen into bioenergy and power generation through microbial fuel cells further enhances its potential. Future research should focus on sustainable and cost-effective treatment technologies for landfill leachate. Improving landfill management can mitigate the adverse environmental and health effects of inadequate waste disposal.

Thoughts on sustainability in the use of iodinated contrast media in CT: a practice-oriented review based on the example of a hospital and a private practice.

Iodinated contrast media (CM) have become indispensable in computed tomography (CT), angiography, and cardiac cathlab as well as in other X-ray-based procedures, for example in urology. In this context, iodinated CM are released into the environment in particular via patient excretions along with other trace substances. At the same time, the use of iodinated CM also involves CM leftovers as well as packaging and consumables.In order to reduce the discharge of iodinated CM into the environment and to promote efficient use of resources, awareness of the sustainable and responsible use of iodinated CM and associated consumables is essential. A number of effective measures can contribute to this in the short, medium, and long term. Based on the literature and quantitative data from our own routine, aspects of sustainability when dealing with CM in computed tomography are discussed in this review using the example of a hospital and a private practice.When planning and performing contrast-enhanced CT examinations, personalized CM protocols can make CM use more efficient. Some CM manufacturers offer recycling programs for CM leftovers. The collection of CM excretions after CM injections using urine bags might have a major impact on reducing the discharge of iodinated CM into the environment. In addition, responsible use of consumables and packaging material, in particular the use of multi-patient systems, can make a valuable contribution to waste avoidance and resource conservation. All of these measures can ultimately be fully effective in terms of protecting the environment and resources if they can be implemented on a broad basis. For this purpose, an even greater focus on the topic of sustainability among all parties involved is desirable. · Sustainable and responsible use of iodinated contrast media is desirable.. · Various measures can be taken today to reduce the environmental impact and conserve resources.. · CM use can be made more efficient by optimizing contrast-enhanced CT examinations.. · Recycling programs for CM leftovers enable their further use.. · Urine bags might have a major impact on reducing the environmental impact..

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Leaf Spring Manufacturing’s Performance

Lean manufacturing is the optimal way of producing goods through the removal of waste and implementing flow, as opposed to batch processing. Many factories have transformed to align with the goal of lean manufacturing by minimising the resources of factories, such as less worker effort, less time and many more to lead to high efficiency towards good product quality and become highly responsive to customer demand. The condition of product and machinery, arrangement of inventory and equipment, the standard operation procedure of work and workers' safety awareness are the dominant elements in the leaf spring manufacturing process. Due to the crucial role that leaf springs play in the performance and safety of vehicles, it is crucial to eradicate any flaws in the designing and manufacturing processes. This study focuses on 5 core criteria, which are workers, time, safety, machines, and products that need to be enhanced. In the subgroup, each pair of sub-criteria will be compared regarding their importance with respect to each criterion. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is proposed to rank and aggregate the criteria based on their level of importance. The outcome of AHP showed that Safety (0.233) and Time (0.281) were the prominent criteria that need to be prioritised. Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (0.394), First Aid (0.324), Die and Pin (0.347), and Forklift Deliver (0.368) are the sub-criteria for safety and time. As a result, prompt and precise actions are needed to increase the quality and reliability of the product.

IMPROVEMENT OF TERRITORIES: CONCEPTS, MEANS, ELEMENTS, OBJECTS, TECHNIQUES, AND PRINCIPLES

The formulations and content of the concept of "urban improvement" have been analyzed. The most comprehensive definition is: "Improvement of populated areas is a complex of works on engineering protection, cleaning, drainage, and greening of the territory, as well as socio-economic, organizational-legal, and environmental measures to improve the microclimate, sanitary cleaning, noise reduction, etc., carried out in the territory of a populated area with the aim of its rational use, proper maintenance and protection, and creating conditions for the protection and restoration of the environment conducive to human life. Measures for the improvement of populated areas are activities on restoration, proper maintenance, and rational use of territories, protection, and organization of landscaping objects taking into account the peculiarities of their use." The elements of improvement include: - surfacing of squares, streets, roads, driveways, alleys, boulevards, sidewalks, pedestrian zones, and paths; - public, restricted, and specialized green spaces; - buildings and structures of the household waste removal system; - means and equipment for external lighting and outdoor advertising; - technical means of traffic regulation; - structures of the engineering protection system of the territory; - complexes and objects of monumental art; - facilities and equipment for children's play areas, sports fields, and other recreational spaces located in public areas and other improvement sites; - small-scale architectural structures; - other elements of improvement defined by regulatory legal acts. Projects for the improvement of public use territories must necessarily include city transport parking and guest parking for cars. The main means, elements, objects, principles, and techniques of urban territory improvement have been defined. A list of goals and requirements for the placement of improvement objects at different stages of urban planning design - the general plan of the city, the zoning project of the city territory, the design of the residential area and microdistrict, as well as the group of residential buildings - has been formulated. Using the example of the "Poznyaky" residential area in Kyiv, the main techniques and the state of improvement have been considered. Recommendations for improving the quality of microdistrict territories through engineering improvement have been developed.

Use of welding powder as a low‐cost adsorbent for waste motor oil removal

AbstractWaste motor oil (WMO), which has no stable form or structure, causes major environmental problems and damage to the ecosystem once it is disposed to the environment. Because of the high toxicity of contents in such effluent, it must be treated before being discharged into the receiving environment. In recent years, the valorization and the use of waste materials to remove toxic pollutants is of great importance to researchers and diverse industries. In this study, the usability of waste welding powder (WWP) as an adsorbent for waste oil removal was investigated. For this purpose, investigating the usability of material, which is generated as industrial waste, in wastewater treatment will lead to the evaluation of waste. The effects of temperature, pH, WWP amount, and initial WMO amount were investigated. According to the adsorption studies, 1 g WWP/L of the processed adsorbent was able to effectively remove 95.05% of WMO (100 mg) at a pH of 2 at 30°C. Stereo microscopy images showed a large amount of oil adsorbed on the WWP surface. The different WWP properties were determined by adsorption isotherm (Harkins–Jura), kinetic (pseudo‐second order), and thermodynamic (ΔG: −5.1 kJ mol–1) experiments. It is thought that WWP, which is a low‐cost and waste material, can be used as a promising adsorbent in WMO removal.

Soil quality dynamics and degradation potentials as influenced by land use systems in humid tropical soil of Southeastern, Nigeria

An assessment of the effects of land use systems on soil quality dynamics and soil degradation potentials in Umuahia, Southeastern Nigeria was done in this study. Samples of soil were taken between 0 and 15 and between 15 and 30 cm. from coconut plantation (SSP1), palm plantation (SSP2), pineapple orchard (SSP3) and waste dump site (SSP4). The result revealed sand to be the dominant soil fraction in decreasing abundance: Waste dumpsite (WD)≥ Pineapple Orchard (PO) ≥ Coconut Plantation (CP)≥ Oil Palm Plantation (OPP), followed by silt :WD ≥ CP≥ PO ≥ OPP and clay: OPP≥CP≥PO≥WD. Land use systems recorded serious negative effects on soil physicochemical properties, with soil pH ranging between 3.43-7.20, waste dumpsite having neutral and others having less than 6.5-8.5 as the critical limit. The mean values of potentially toxic elements in soils as regard land use systems: Ni, Mn, Fe, Cr, Zn, Pb and Cu were all above the critical limits rendering the soil polluted. The effects of Land-use systems on biochemical indicators of soil degradation ranged from None to slightly (1) -Very highly degraded soils (4), with organic matter (OM) as biological indicator dominating the index. The effect of land use systems on soil degradation was in decreasing trend: WD > CP >OPP> PO constituting 32.5%, 26.7%, 20.8% and 20% respectively. Integrated waste management (IWM) and smart farming techniques should be encouraged for soil quality improvement.

Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Pengelolaan Sampah Organik dengan Komposting Skala Rumah Tangga di Kabupaten Buleleng

This study focuses on the analysis of domestic waste management in Buleleng Regency based on data from the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN) managed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The background of this study is grounded on the necessity to comprehend the basic characteristics of waste in Buleleng and its challenges and solutions. Employing descriptive analysis and literature study methods, this research successfully maps the composition, quantity, and waste management methods in the regency. Results indicate that the composition of domestic waste is dominated by specific types and, compared to other urban areas in Indonesia, there are distinct characteristics in waste management in Buleleng. A brief conclusion from this study emphasizes the need for a more integrated and sustainable waste management strategy in Buleleng Regency.

Waqf-based Waste Management: A Proposed Model in Indonesia

Indonesia is now facing critical environmental problems, in addition to cases of growing waste, deforestation of scale such as air pollution, and lack of air supply and air services, raining down on Indonesia for some serious irregularities and deficiencies in environmental management. These serious issues must be addressed, and appropriate solutions must be implemented to reduce disaster risks and promote the growth of a better and more sustainable country. Since Islam is the main religion for the Indonesian people, an Islamic approach will be encouraged to solve this problem. Previous researchers requested that waqf is the most important Islamic legal entity that can be used for this purpose. Sustainable and integrated waste management or ISWM/Integrated Sustainable Waste Management focuses on waste management as a multi-actor. Waqf can contribute to long-term management that is used to manage and manage waste. Waqf institutions and others have pioneered some of these innovative schemes, but they have been massively implemented. So, this research will examine the concept of Waqf-Based Waste Management.