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The Rise of an Orphan as “The Iron Lady of Asia” from the political instability after the gruesome assassination of – “Bangabandhu – The Father of the Nation

She was born, grew up and raised with the full flavor of political atmosphere that why it did not take long to devote her life in the political world. She began her leadership role with the “Vice President” position at Intermediate Girl‟s College, afterwards she took membership of student league at DU, moving forward to become Secretary of Rokeya Hall and finally she became chief of Student Union of Eden Girls College. She has learnt all about politics directly from her father. The almighty was very kind to the nation she kept Desh Ratna – H E Sheikh Hasina. It was almighty‟s will that he decided to punish the Killers of Bangabandhu and the War Criminals by a leader who carries Bangabandhu‟s blood. She carried out the trial in a very transparent way with the aid of international judicial system. She took all the time that was required to complete the trial giving all the opportunity to the killers and war criminals to defend themselves. With her saintly determination she did not bow down to any external pressure like her father as both of them did not have the word fear in their dictionary otherwise the trial could not have been finished. Bangabandhu had the greatest soul and H E Sheikh Hasina is the part of that soul. The successful completion of the trial and the subsequent execution was the most difficult task of the world as she was dealing with the richest war criminals of the world who had high level connection with the entire world including the world‟s most powerful countries, organizations and Islamic world. With their (war criminals) economic might they have bought the support of all the above mentioned groups. The groups (killers of Bangabandhu and war criminals) have organized more that 20 deadly mission to kill “The Iron Lady of Asia” and the deadliest attempt was the grenade attack on 21 august 2004. It was a miracle that she survived that attack with minor injury many prominent leaders including Mrs. Ivy Rahman was killed and hundreds were injured and became disabled for life. God kept her alive to prove it to the world that a crime never goes unpunished, does not matter how powerful those criminals are and she had the courage, gut and determination to showcase the world that no one in world who can stop her from conducting the trials simply because she is carrying Bangabandhu‟s blood and she has inherited his character. Her revolutionary economic management has transformed Henry Kissinger‟s bottomless basket to solid basket full of USD and put the economy on a very solid foundation. By virtue of that economic strength the nation can build project like “The Padma Bridge” with its own resources worth multi-billion dollars. During the post Bangabandhu era the country used to import basic food to feed 8 crore (80 million) people but with H E Sheikh Hasina‟s far-reaching agricultural policy and Matia Chowdhury‟s management the country is now not only feeding 170 million (8 crore) people but exporting foods of all kinds earning millions of USD. It was all possible because she loves the country like her own child and she has dedicated her life towards the cause of the country just like Bangabandhu did. The writer urges everyone to love their country the way Bangabandhu did and the way “The Iron Lady of Asia” is loving - the only way to build “Sonar Bangla”.

Empirical relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Variables of Pakistan

Empirical relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Variables of Pakistan

Evaluating drug trafficking on the Tor Network: Silk Road 2, the sequel

BackgroundHousing an illicit, online drug retail market generating sales in the millions of USD, the Silk Road was a profitable marketplace with a growing and loyal consumer base. Following its FBI-forced shut down in October 2013, the Silk Road enjoyed newfound fame that contributed to an increase in new users downloading and accessing the Tor Network; however, with this particular marketplace out of order, Silk Road 2 was launched to fill the void. The goals of this study were to (1) compare the metrics of Silk Road 2 to the original site, and to (2) determine if there were any indications of the presence of more sophisticated drug trafficking operations. MethodsData were collected from Silk Road 2 during the months of August and September 2014 using webcrawling software. ResultsSilk Road 2 was a much smaller marketplace than the original Silk Road. Of the 1834 unique items for sale, 348 were drug items sold by 145 distinct vendors shipping from 19 countries. Of the drug items advertised, most were stimulants and hallucinogens. The United States is both the number one country of origin for drug sales on Silk Road 2 and the number one destination country. Interestingly, 73% of all vendor accounts on Silk Road 2 advertised drug items, even though drugs only constituted 19% of all items advertised. ConclusionThis study was the first to research Silk Road 2, the replacement illicit marketplace to the original virtual Silk Road. This study was also the first to examine indications of the presence of more coordinated drug trafficking efforts in an online setting. The findings indicated that while Silk Road 2 was not primarily a drug market, there were indications that some vendor accounts may have connections reaching beyond a base retail market.

PSY22 - The National Cost Of Hemophilia Type A And B In Mexico

PSY22 The NaTioNal CoST of hemoPhilia TYPe a aNd B iN mexiCo Carlos F1, Gasca R1, Mucino E2, Huicochea JL2 1R A C Salud Consultores S.A. de C.V., Mexico City, Mexico, 2Pfizer S.A. de C.V., Mexico City, Mexico Objectives: Hemophilia is a hereditary, lifelong bleeding disorder. Patients are deficient in either coagulation factor VIII (hemophilia A) or IX (hemophilia B). This study is aimed to assess the economic impact of these conditions in Mexico. MethOds: In this cost-of-illness study, both direct medical costs (diagnosis, follow-up, prophylaxis and on-demand coagulation factor replacement therapy, inpatient and outpatient care of hemorrhages and complications) and indirect costs related with loss of productivity in either adult patients or in parents of affected children along one year were assessed. Local demographic and epidemiological data (last update: 2011), as well as annual bleeding rates in both prophylaxis and on-demand approaches were extracted from published sources. Resource use patterns were derived mainly from Mexican Clinical Practice Guidelines co-authors (n= 8) through a survey. Unitary costs of medical resources were gathered mainly from Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) sources. It is assumed that productivity losses of adult patients/parents of hemophiliac children are proportional to the number of days in hospital; average per hour wage and worked hours per week were extracted from National Statistics Office database. All costs are expressed in 2013 USD. Results: A total of 3906 (87%) type A and 597 (13%) type B patients comprised the 2011 documented prevalence of hemophilia in Mexico. Most (57%) of all patients received medical care at IMSS. Direct medical costs (79.3 USD millions) and indirect costs (370,398 USD) accounted for 99.5% and 0.5% of total costs (79.7 USD millions), respectively. Among direct medical costs, acquisition of coagulation factors represented the most important category (55.1 USD millions, 69.23%), followed by non-pharmacological care of hemorrhages (20 USD million, 25.12%). Average cost per patient was very similar: 18,152 and 14,662 USD for type A and B, respectively. cOnclusiOns: Despite its low prevalence, hemophilia imposes a considerably high economic burden in Mexico s health care system.

Dengue fever in the Indian subcontinent: an overview

The Indian Subcontinent has emerged as a scene of many mosquito-borne infectious diseases, including malaria and dengue fever. After the 1990s, the rate of malaria declined owing largely to preventive measures, but at the same time dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) were increasing in the region. Outbreaks were recorded in all countries of the Indian Subcontinent with India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka on the forefront and suffering from the largest number of cases and deaths. We discuss annual cases of DF/DHF in these four countries and possible factors involved in DF outbreaks. We also discuss prevalent serotypes in this region where data suggest the emergence of DEN2 and DEN3 as the most dominant and lethal serotypes. Climate is an important factor influencing DF outbreaks, and rainfall, temperature and humidity play a pivotal role in DF outbreaks. Finally the economic impact of DF/DHF cases is discussed showing that direct and indirect economic loss due to DF/DHF reaches millions of USD each year.

Effective Perforating and Gravel Placement: Key to Sand-Free Production

This article, written by Assistant Technology Editor Karen Bybee, contains highlights of paper IPTC 12581, "Effective Perforating and Gravel Placement: Key to Low-Skin, Sand-Free Production in Gravel Packs," by Samyak Jain, SPE, Raymond Tibbles, SPE, and Jock Munro, Schlumberger, and Rajeswary Suppiah and Norhisham Safin, SPE, Petronas Carigali, originally prepared for the 2008 International Petroleum Technology Conference, Kuala Lumpur, 3-5 December. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Cased-hole gravel packing is used to control sand production from oil and gas wells. The success of a cased-hole gravel-pack job depends on the ability to pack perforation tunnels effectively. The full-length paper presents a systematic approach for perforation-damage removal, effective gravel placement, and packing of the perforation tunnels. Guidelines to surging the formation and executing the perforation-packing job are presented. Introduction Every year the petroleum industry spends USD millions cleaning sand out of wells and repairing problems related to sand production, and it loses additional dollars by restricted production rates. Sand production is a common occurrence in highly unconsolidated formations. In cased-hole applications, perforations act as a conduit for fluid flow between the formation and the wellbore. Production rates can be reduced severely if the packed perforations are damaged. The ability of the well to deliver its potential productivity depends on the inflow area these perforations provide for fluid flow. Perforations may be dam-aged for a number of reasons including perforation debris, a compacted or crushed zone consisting of pulverized sand grains, perforations filled with reservoir sand, and other drilling- and completion-related activities. Background Perforation Surging. Perforating is the critical process connecting the reservoir with the wellbore. The selection of the gun system is driven by many factors including wellbore dimensions and formation and reservoir properties. One of the most critical parameters for perforation strategy is the rock strength, measured as unconfined compressive strength. It is recognized throughout the industry that for sand-control completions, both high shot density and big-hole charges are the optimum gun/charge configuration. Increased area open to flow maximizes the productivity of the well while it reduces the fluid velocity per perforation, reducing the risk of sand production through the gravel pack and sand screens. High-velocity flow through isolated perforations can create "hot spots" that, with time, can erode through the screens, resulting in massive sand production and sometimes the loss of the zone or the well.

Volatile-Phosphorus-Free Gellants for Hydrocarbon-Based Fracturing Systems

Summary In recent years, a number of refineries in western Canada and the United States have discovered the formation of scale or sludge in their distillation towers. The buildup of large amounts of sludge lowers the efficiency of refineries to the point where it must be removed. The process of removing sludge requires that the refinery shut down at a cost of USD millions in lost production to the refinery operators. Analysis of the sludge has revealed that it has an extraordinarily high phosphorus content (8 to 12%). Further investigation into the origin of the phosphorus in the sludge raised concerns that chemicals used in hydrocarbon-fracturing fluids, specifically volatile-phosphorus-containing hydrocarbon gellants, are responsible for the refinery fouling. This paper will discuss how the origin of the volatile-phosphorus in the hydrocarbon gellants has been determined and how a viable, ultralow volatile phosphorus solution for hydrocarbon gelling has been developed.

A Typology of Economic Agents in the Himalayan Plant Trade

Hundreds of plant species are harvested in the Himalaya and traded at local, regional, and international levels. Recent studies indicate that the annual trade in medicinal plants and related products from the Himalaya amounts to thousands of tons of roots, rhizomes, tubers, fruits, leaves, etc, with an annual value of millions of USD. It is difficult, however, to analyze and understand trade and markets on the basis of available studies, as these do not employ common terminology or methodology. The present paper aims to enhance understanding of the Himalayan plant trade by developing a typology of economic agents. The typology is based on fieldwork conducted in Nepal and India, including interviews with 639 harvesters, 149 traders and 143 wholesalers involved in trade with medicinal plants. These are the 3 main groups of economic agents distinguished. They are further divided into 6 sub-types and 13 specific types. Distinction among economic agents is made on the basis of key features. Basic data on agents are presented. The typology is developed to be applicable across the countries in the Himalayan range.

Water management for a megacity: Mexico City Metropolitan Area.

The paper presents an overview of the present situation of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). The analysis indicates an urgent need to radically improve the current water supply and wastewater management practices, to become sustainable. The MCMA is one of the most rapidly growing urban centers of the world, with a population of about 21 million people, a very high rate of immigration and numerous illegal settlements. In order to meet the increasing water demand, successive governments have focused almost exclusively on supply management and engineering solutions, which have resulted in investments of hundreds of millions of USD and the construction of major infrastructure projects for interbasin water transfer. Environmental, economic and social policies associated with water management are mostly inadequate and insufficient, which is resulting in increasing deterioration in the environment, health and socioeconomic conditions of a population living in one of the largest urban agglomerations of the world. Surprisingly, however, no long-term strategies on demand-management, reuse, conservation, and improved water-management practices have been developed so far.