Usage In Traditional Medicine Research Articles

Anthelmintic efficacy of Flemingia vestita: genistein-induced effect on the activity of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide in the trematode parasite, Fasciolopsis buski

The root-tuber peel of Flemingia vestita, an indigenous leguminous plant of Meghalaya (Northeast India), has usage in local traditional medicine as curative against worm infections. The peel and its active component, genistein, have been shown to cause flaccid paralysis, deformity of tegumental architecture and alterations in the activity of several enzymes in platyhelminth parasites. To investigate further the mode of action and anthelmintic efficacy of the plant-derived components, the crude peel extract of F. vestita and genistein were tested, hitherto for the first time, in respect of the unique neuronal messenger nitric oxide (NO) and the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in Fasciolopsis buski, the large intestinal fluke of swine and human host. NADPH-diaphorase histochemical staining (a selective marker for NOS in neuronal tissues), which was demonstrable in the neuronal cell bodies in the cerebral ganglia, the brain commissure, the main nerve cords and in the innervation of the pharynx, ventral sucker, terminal genitalia and genital parenchyma of the parasite, showed a stronger activity in the treated worms. In biochemical analysis also, the NOS activity showed a significant increase in the parasites treated with the test materials and reference drug, compared to the untreated controls. The increase in NOS activity in the treated parasites can be attributed to an inducing effect of the plant-derived components.

Use of traditional medicine in Mongolia: a survey

Objectives: To conduct a pilot investigation of the frequency with which individuals visit practitioners of Western and traditional Mongolian medicine and their motivations for making these visits. Design: Survey based interviews were conducted in a sample of 90 adults. Setting: Darkhan, Mongolia. Main Outcome Measures: Measures included the annual frequency of visits to practitioners of traditional and Western medicine as well as ratings of the importance of seven factors in choosing what type of practitioner to use. Results: During the past year, 51% of subjects interviewed had used Western services exclusively, 8% had used traditional services exclusively, and 38% had used both types of services. Users and non-users of traditional medicine did not vary in terms of age, gender, occupation or rural vs urban residence. Traditional medicine users rated the knowledge base of traditional practitioners higher than did nonusers (5.3/7 vs 4.5/7,P <0.01). A patient's specific illness appears to be important in deciding what type of treatment he will seek. Conclusions: Traditional medicine appears to be a more significant component of Mongolian health care than is reported in the international literature and consequently may deserve additional attention in future studies of the country's medical system.

Phytochemical Studies And Comparative Efficacy Of The Crude Extracts Of Some Haemostatic Plants In Edo And Delta States Of Nigeria

Leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (L), Alchornea cordifolia (Schym and Thonn) Muel. Arg, Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams, Baphia nitida (Lodd), Chromolaena odorata (L) K. R., Landophia owariensis (P. Beauv) and sap of Jatropha curcas (L) used traditionally to arrest bleeding in fresh cuts were comparatively investigated phytochemically and their ability to precipitate and coagulate blood plasma. Saponins and tannins were the most abundant compounds in these plants while flavoids were the least. Crude aqueous extracts of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins from these plants precipitated and coagulated blood plasma within time limits of 4 to 120 seconds (for precipitation) and 15 to 1500 seconds (for coagulation). Results from prothrombin timing showed that A. afriana was the most efficacious haemostatic plant followed by L. owariensis, and L. curcas the least. Some similarities in their chemical composition established a scientific basis for common usage in traditional medicine. Key words: Phytochemical, crude extracts, haemostatic plants. (Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences: 2002 8(2): 203-208)

Uterine muscle reactivity to repeated administration and phytochemistry of the leaf and seed extracts of Piper guineense.

The leaf and seed of Piper guineense were separately extracted and the effects of repeated treatments on rat uterine contractions and their chemical composition were investigated. Repeated treatments with the extracts enhanced spontaneous uterine muscle contractions in a dose related pattern for up to 14 days which was followed by a marked decrease in uterine response in those treated for 30 days. Similarly, the pretreatment with the extracts maximally enhanced oxytocin induced uterine contraction in those rats treated for 3 days, this was followed by a gradual reversal of the effect when treatment was repeated for up to 14 days. This enhanced uterine contraction was inhibited following treatment for 30 days. In a further study, treatment with the extracts induced a significant increase in the uterine weight similar to that seen with oestradiol. It is therefore concluded that the leaf and seed extracts of Piper guineense possess oestrogenic and oxytocic properties which might justify their usage in Nigerian traditional medicine.

Usage and research in Traditional Chinese Medicine in UK

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Factors affecting germination and stand establishment ofphyllanthus Amarus (Euphorbiaceae)

Interest inPhyllanthus amarus (Euphorbiaceae) has been generated by reports of antiviral activity and wide usage in traditional medicine. Attempts at cultivation resulted in poor stands. The objectives of these studies were to determine the effects of light, storage temperature, age of seeds, time ofdehiscence, and a scarification procedure on the germination ofP. amarus. Seeds ofP. amarus require light to germinate, and thus should not be covered at sowing. Freezing did not significantly affect the germination of dry seeds compared to seeds stored at ambient room temperature or higher, but storage at 10°C was deleterious. Percent germination was typically less than 50% and significantly decreased with time. Germination of freshly harvested seeds was slower than older seeds. Seeds from the first capsules to dehisce had a higher percent germination. A scarification procedure rendered seeds inviable. These results helped explain poor stands seen infield plots. In a previously planted plot, the re-established stand by natural reseeding was equivalent to that following intentional reseeding procedures.

Traditional medical practices and medicinal plant usage on a Bahamian Island

The traditional medical system of a small Bahamian island is explored through a health survey of 83% of the population and an analysis of the activities and materials of the two main native health ‘professionals’ — the healing specialist and the ‘herbalist’. The present findings suggest that the Bimini medical system has historically been efficacious in the treatment and management of many health problems on the island. Part of the success may be attributed to the resourceful utilization of indigenous medicinal plant species, several of which contain chemical substances that may be curatively effective against a number of diseases as claimed. In recent years the island has experienced a relatively smooth process of medical modernization including the increased availability of ‘Westernized’ health care and the gradual supplementation of the herbal remedies by imported patent and prescription medications.

Household Atomism and Change in the out Island Bahamas

Previous articleNext article No AccessHousehold Atomism and Change in the out Island BahamasWilliam B. RodgersWilliam B. Rodgers Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 23, Number 3Autumn, 1967 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.23.3.3629252 Views: 4Total views on this site Citations: 4Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in the Southwestern Journal of Anthropology (1945-1972), which is continued by the Journal of Anthropological Research (1973-present). Copyright 1967 Department of Anthropology, The University of New MexicoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Robert A. Halberstein, Ashley B. Saunders Traditional medical practices and medicinal plant usage on a Bahamian Island, Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 2, no.22 (Jun 1978): 177–203.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054583John Thomas Kinship and Wealth in a Maya Community, Human Organization 37, no.11 (Mar 1978): 24–28.https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.37.1.55690157vu60nl02Alan G. LaFlamme An Annotated, Ethnographic Bibliography of the Bahama Islands, Behavior Science Research 11, no.11 (Sep 2016): 57–66.https://doi.org/10.1177/106939717601100105Joan Eldridge Bush medicine in the Exumas and long island, bahamas a field study, Economic Botany 29, no.44 (Oct 1975): 307–332.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02862180

Faith Healing and Medical Practice in the Southern Caribbean

Previous articleNext article No AccessFaith Healing and Medical Practice in the Southern CaribbeanFrances MischelFrances Mischel Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 15, Number 4Winter, 1959 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.15.4.3628902 Views: 9Total views on this site Citations: 14Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in the Southwestern Journal of Anthropology (1945-1972), which is continued by the Journal of Anthropological Research (1973-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Y. N. Clement, Y. S. Baksh-Comeau, C. E. Seaforth An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Trinidad, Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11, no.11 (Sep 2015).https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0052-0Keith E. McNeal Seeing the eyes of god in human form: iconography and impersonation in african and hindu traditions of trance performance in the southern caribbean, Material Religion 8, no.44 (May 2015): 490–519.https://doi.org/10.2752/175183412X13522006994854Yuri Clement Limited clinical evidence to support the integration of Caribbean herbs into conventional medicine, Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies 16, no.44 (Nov 2011): 289–292.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7166.2011.01116.xCheryl Lans Man better man: the politics of disappearance, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 39, no.44 (Dec 2008): 429–436.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2008.09.004Yuri N Clement, Arlene F Williams, Kristi Khan, Tricia Bernard, Savrina Bhola, Maurice Fortuné, Oneil Medupe, Kerry Nagee, Compton E Seaforth A gap between acceptance and knowledge of herbal remedies by physicians: The need for educational intervention, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 5, no.11 (Nov 2005).https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-5-20Steven VERTOVEC Ethnic Distance and Religious Convergence: Shango, Spiritual Baptist, and Kali Mai Traditions in Trinidad, Social Compass 45, no.22 (Aug 2016): 247–263.https://doi.org/10.1177/003776898045002004Caroline Allen Health promotion, fitness and bodies in a postcolonial context: the case of Trinidad, Critical Public Health 8, no.11 (Mar 1998): 73–92.https://doi.org/10.1080/09581599808409213R.A. Halberstein Traditional Botanical Remedies on a Small Caribbean Island: Middle (Grand) Caicos, West Indies, The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 3, no.33 (Sep 1997): 227–239.https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.1997.3.227Judith Schuler Teilannotierte Bibliographie zum Thema „Traditionelle Heilkundige — Ärztliche Persönlichkeiten im Vergleich der Kulturen und medizinischen Systeme“, (Jan 1986): 413–453.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-13901-0_33Robert A. Halberstein, Ashley B. Saunders Traditional medical practices and medicinal plant usage on a Bahamian Island, Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 2, no.22 (Jun 1978): 177–203.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054583William R. Aho, Kimlan Minott Creole and doctor medicine: Folk beliefs, practices, and orientations to modern medicine in a rural and an industrial suburban setting in Trinidad and Tobago, the West Indies, Social Science & Medicine (1967) 11, no.55 (Mar 1977): 349–355.https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-7856(77)90193-7DAVID LANDY role adaptation: traditional curers under the impact of Western medicine 1, American Ethnologist 1, no.11 (Oct 2009): 103–127.https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.1974.1.1.02a00060Catherine Benoît Bibliographie, (): 289–308.https://doi.org/10.4000/books.editionsmsh.7423Don Handelman Transcultural shamanic healing: A Washo example 1, Ethnos 32, no.1-41-4 (Jan 1967): 149–166.https://doi.org/10.1080/00141844.1967.9980994