Database Users Research Articles

Design principles and architecture of the system “Processing and analysis of images and video streams”

In this paper, we present design principles and architecture of the system “Processing and analysis of images and video streams”. It contains test examples of images and techniques for their processing based on some classical and modern grid methods. Note that our DSS is open in the sense that it contains modules for creating user databases and the reports base “Algorithms performance quality”, as well as for adding a new grid method or a new application module in the DSS. The logic of the actions of these modules is presented in the diagrams of UML. Application modules demonstrate the use of methods for processing and analyzing images and video streams by industry, for example, analyzing the surface quality of a porous material, monitoring the level of liquid in a container, etc. This approach ensures the close connection of the DSS with modern scientific achievements. This is the realization of principles of learning, versatility, and scientific approach.

People re-identification using skeleton standard posture and color descriptors from RGB-D data

This paper tackles the problem of people re-identification by using soft biometrics features. The method works on RGB-D data (color point clouds) to determine the best matching among a database of possible users. For each subject under testing, skeletal information in three-dimensions is used to regularize the pose and to create a skeleton standard posture (SSP). A partition grid, whose sizes depend on the SSP, groups the samples of the point cloud accordingly to their position. Every group is then studied to build the person signature. The same grid is then used for the other subjects of the database to preserve information about possible shape differences among users. The effectiveness of this novel method has been tested on three public datasets. Numerical experiments demonstrate an improvement of results with reference to the current state-of-the-art, with recognition rates of 97.84% (on a partition of BIWI RGBD-ID), 61.97% (KinectREID) and 89.71% (RGBD-ID), respectively.

Rate of Agreement between Database Users’ and Authors’ Keywords in SID and Magiran Databases and Its Effect on Information Retrieval

Aim: This study examined the rate of correspondence between users’ keywords and Latin authors published in SID and Magiran databases and its effect on information retrieval. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on PhD students and residents, in which Latin shared articles indexed in database of SID and Magiran were selected by random sampling method. The abstracts of these articles were provided to each student, in order to determine the keyword for each of them. Data collection was per-formed by a checklist. Data analysis was performed by non-parametric and -parametric statistical analysis. Data was analyzed by SPSS 22. Results: The results showed 29.9 percent of the keywords were non-match, with the highest frequency of three keywords and 39.9 percent were the exact match, with the highest frequency of one keyword. There was a significant difference between the two databases, SID and Magiran in retrieving relevant results (P < 0.011). Conclusion: Because of the loss of relevant articles on one hand and retrieving irrelevant articles on the other and also the importance of retrieving the right information, appropriate policies should be developed for indexing and using controlled language in these databases.

VP63 EUnetHTA Planned And Ongoing Projects Database: Usage And Challenges

IntroductionThe European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) Planned and Ongoing Projects (POP) database allows sharing information on projects of HTA organisations participating in EUnetHTA. It enables users identifying overlaps and therefore has the potential to reduce duplication of work on similar topics. The aim of our research was to examine the usage of the database, how it helps to reduce duplication, and identify challenges to be addressed.MethodsWe conducted a systematic data collection and analysis on the topic overlaps retrospectively and complemented it with an electronic survey aimed at database users. The dataset on the overlaps was collected between June 2016 and September 2017. The survey was conducted in October 2017.ResultsDuring the data collection period, the POP database contained on average 800 projects provided by around fifty percent of the EUnetHTA partner organisations. One hundred and sixty nine identical projects could be identified from which ninety-two percent had different starting dates. Twenty-five percent of the identical projects were elaborated on by three organisations, 10 percent by four, and 6.5 percent by five organisations. Analysis of the survey showed a pattern of “wait and see”: users are informed about what other EUnetHTA partners are working on, wait for a finalised HTA or exchange the project plan, search strategies, search results, extraction tables, etc. The data collection and survey could not provide a precise number of collaborations initiated based on information gathered from the database.ConclusionsThe POP database is suitable for information sharing and has the potential to save time and resources at EUnetHTA partners. The collaboration is hindered by differences in national processes, including the timing and scope of the assessments. The impact of the POP database on the facilitation of collaboration and reduction of duplication of HTAs produced by EUnetHTA partners is yet to be strengthened.

Adaptive, efficient and effective graph data integration and search framework

This paper proposes an idea for a new graph data integration and search system leveraging techniques of provenance, visualization and association rules. The graph data model, along with techniques of web data integration and database usability are central to the development of the web which provides motivation for this work. The overall proposed system consists of three components:a) Quality-aware graph visualization leveraging user feedback: we propose a solution to utilize user feedback on relevant portions of schema of graph database in graph sample selections so as to provide an adaptive way to choose graph samples via schemas in order to provide relevant quality-aware visualization later on and a solution based on statistical techniques of averages and heatmaps visualization in assigning color intensity to spatial positions of vertices and edges based on quality to allow the user to gauge the quality of graph datasets.b) Visualization-enabled graph alignment leveraging query logs: we propose a solution to utilize graph query logs along with run-time information of graph neighborhoods that led to graph alignment decisions in task of graph alignment so as to improve its effectiveness as well as a solution based on assigning spatial positions to graph vertices and edges based on graph similarity measures to allow the user to visually compare graph datasets during integration.c) Efficient batch generation of multiple graph query autocompletion suggestions: Techniques in literature typically make use of data clustering, data reduction, utilizing query logs to provide feedback and autocompletion suggestions to users during query formulation. As another solution with a focus on efficiency in context of graph datasets, we propose to leverage the fact that multiple queries may have many autocompletion suggestions in common and therefore propose an efficient algorithm to generate them together efficiently and show the performance improvement over the current sequential approach that involves repeated scans.

Computer model of accounting of the scientific activity of the education system

The work is devoted to the review and analysis of resources of scientific information, the study of the possibilities of developing additional information arrays based on existing sources of scientific and scientometric information. As part of the work, approaches are proposed for storing scientometric information, methods for obtaining data, which will optimize the time of working with information and attract less resources for the implementation of work on the search for scientific information and its subsequent processing. The result of the work is a computer model that provides the ability to store scientific information in the database, as well as the use of various functions as a database administrator and user rights through the developed client C ++. The offered model of accounting for scientific activity has the following functional capabilities of software modules: introduction of new and removal of outdated information into a database; submitting information based on some criteria. The architecture of a computer model consists of such software modules as the user role definition module, the database administrator module, and the user module. The model works with information arrays, which are formed on the basis of resources and contain bibliometric and scientometric information and can act as parameters that be able to influence decision making and expand the range of possible cooperation of scientists. The application of the developed computer model allows organizing a flexible search for scientific information in the field of education.

Computer model of accounting of the scientific activity of the education system

The work is devoted to the review and analysis of resources of scientific information, the study of the possibilities of developing additional information arrays based on existing sources of scientific and scientometric information. As part of the work, approaches are proposed for storing scientometric information, methods for obtaining data, which will optimize the time of working with information and attract less resources for the implementation of work on the search for scientific information and its subsequent processing. The result of the work is a computer model that provides the ability to store scientific information in the database, as well as the use of various functions as a database administrator and user rights through the developed client C ++. The offered model of accounting for scientific activity has the following functional capabilities of software modules: introduction of new and removal of outdated information into a database; submitting information based on some criteria. The architecture of a computer model consists of such software modules as the user role definition module, the database administrator module, and the user module. The model works with information arrays, which are formed on the basis of resources and contain bibliometric and scientometric information and can act as parameters that be able to influence decision making and expand the range of possible cooperation of scientists. The application of the developed computer model allows organizing a flexible search for scientific information in the field of education.

Semantic Integration and Enrichment of Heterogeneous Biological Databases.

Biological databases are growing at an exponential rate, currently being among the major producers of Big Data, almost on par with commercial generators, such as YouTube or Twitter. While traditionally biological databases evolved as independent silos, each purposely built by a different research group in order to answer specific research questions; more recently significant efforts have been made toward integrating these heterogeneous sources into unified data access systems or interoperable systems using the FAIR principles of data sharing. Semantic Web technologies have been key enablers in this process, opening the path for new insights into the unified data, which were not visible at the level of each independent database. In this chapter, we first provide an introduction into two of the most used database models for biological data: relational databases and RDF stores. Next, we discuss ontology-based data integration, which serves to unify and enrich heterogeneous data sources. We present an extensive timeline of milestones in data integration based on Semantic Web technologies in the field of life sciences. Finally, we discuss some of the remaining challenges in making ontology-based data access (OBDA) systems easily accessible to a larger audience. In particular, we introduce natural language search interfaces, which alleviate the need for database users to be familiar with technical query languages. We illustrate the main theoretical concepts of data integration through concrete examples, using two well-known biological databases: a gene expression database, Bgee, and an orthology database, OMA.

PubMed Text Similarity Model and its application to curation efforts in the Conserved Domain Database.

This study proposes a text similarity model to help biocuration efforts of the Conserved Domain Database (CDD). CDD is a curated resource that catalogs annotated multiple sequence alignment models for ancient domains and full-length proteins. These models allow for fast searching and quick identification of conserved motifs in protein sequences via Reverse PSI-BLAST. In addition, CDD curators prepare summaries detailing the function of these conserved domains and specific protein families, based on published peer-reviewed articles. To facilitate information access for database users, it is desirable to specifically identify the referenced articles that support the assertions of curator-composed sentences. Moreover, CDD curators desire an alert system that scans the newly published literature and proposes related articles of relevance to the existing CDD records. Our approach to address these needs is a text similarity method that automatically maps a curator-written statement to candidate sentences extracted from the list of referenced articles, as well as the articles in the PubMed Central database. To evaluate this proposal, we paired CDD description sentences with the top 10 matching sentences from the literature, which were given to curators for review. Through this exercise, we discovered that we were able to map the articles in the reference list to the CDD description statements with an accuracy of 77%. In the dataset that was reviewed by curators, we were able to successfully provide references for 86% of the curator statements. In addition, we suggested new articles for curator review, which were accepted by curators to be added into the reference list at an acceptance rate of 50%. Through this process, we developed a substantial corpus of similar sentences from biomedical articles on protein sequence, structure and function research, which constitute the CDD text similarity corpus. This corpus contains 5159 sentence pairs judged for their similarity on a scale from 1 (low) to 5 (high) doubly annotated by four CDD curators. Curator-assigned similarity scores have a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.70 and an inter-annotator agreement of 85%. To date, this is the largest biomedical text similarity resource that has been manually judged, evaluated and made publicly available to the community to foster research and development of text similarity algorithms.

User education, adjustment factors and use of online databases by postgraduate students in Nigeria

Abstract Postgraduate students use online databases for various academic activities. However, past studies have revealed low utilisation of online databases by postgraduate students in Nigeria. The general objective of this study was to examine the influence of user education and adjustment factors (perceived enjoyment and objective usability) on use of online databases by postgraduate students of four private universities in southwest Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design of the correlational type was used, and the population was comprised of 1,067 postgraduate students in four private universities. A sample size of 513 was selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed varying degrees of usage, perceived enjoyment and objective usability of online databases among the respondents. The study established a significant relationship between: user education and use of online databases; perceived enjoyment and use of online databases; and objective usability and use of online databases. User education, perceived enjoyment and objective usability therefore influenced the use of online databases by the postgraduate students of the four universities.

ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ ЗАСОБІВ ОБРОБКИ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ У ХМАРНИХ СХОВИЩАХ НА ОСНОВІ ОПЕРАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ANDROID

As a result of undertaken study, Android-supplement for a statistical analysis and research of the efficiency of processing large amounts of data on the example of the use of distinguished and cloudy servers is projected and worked out. A software product is made of two parts – server and client ones. Server part contains the data base for users accounting, listing and granting of test data, ravines, etc. Client part has an interactive interface for the revision of servers list, implementation of requests to them, drafting of diagrams, implementation of analysis of results. During the analysis of subject domain the basic problems of the use of Internet-technologies in the sphere of software development are cleared up. As a result of research certain advantages and disadvantages of the use of technologies of cloudy and distinguished servers are set. In order for the application to maximally meet the laid down requirements, be comfortable and multifunction, before its planning and development the existing methodologies and literary sources have been considered and analyzed. Some of solutions that have been found in these methodologies are used during planning and development of mobile application. Planning of the system took place with the use of object-oriented approach. The use of planning models and separate designer decisions of developer have allowed to do the system flexible, that easily yields to modification, clear and reliable. The use of modern flexible technologies of development will allow in future to extend the system functionality or make alterations to its current functionality. A program interface is projected taking into account the necessities of a target user. An interface is de-signed so that any actions would occupy the least of time for a user, because a large intensity of application use is planned. Large attention is paid to testing and adjusting of the system. The use of modern instruments of testing and adjusting and the use of different approaches and methods of testing which match the best for testing of every separate method allow to do the system reliable and proof to possible errors.

BioSamples database: an updated sample metadata hub

The BioSamples database at EMBL-EBI provides a central hub for sample metadata storage and linkage to other EMBL-EBI resources. BioSamples has recently undergone major changes, both in terms of data content and supporting infrastructure. The data content has more than doubled from around 2 million samples in 2014 to just over 5 million samples in 2018. Fast, reciprocal data exchange was fully established between sister Biosample databases and other INSDC partners, enabling a worldwide common representation and centralization of sample metadata. The BioSamples platform has been upgraded to accommodate anticipated increases in the number of submissions via GA4GH driver projects such as the Human Cell Atlas and the EGA, as well as from mirroring of NCBI dbGaP data. The BioSamples database is now the authoritative repository for all INSDC sample metadata, an ELIXIR Deposition Database for Biomolecular Data and the EMBL-EBI sample metadata hub. To support faster turnaround for sample submission, and to increase scalability and resilience, we have upgraded the BioSamples database backend storage, APIs and user interface. Finally, the website has been redesigned to allow search and retrieval of records based on specific filters, such as ‘disease’ or ‘organism’. These changes are targeted at answering current use cases as well as providing functionalities for future emerging and anticipated developments. Availability: The BioSamples database is freely available at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biosamples. Content is distributed under the EMBL-EBI Terms of Use available at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/terms-of-use.

RPFdb v2.0: an updated database for genome-wide information of translated mRNA generated from ribosome profiling.

RPFdb (http://www.rpfdb.org or http://sysbio.sysu.edu.cn/rpfdb) is a public database for hosting, analyzing and visualizing ribosome profiling (ribo-seq) data. Since its initial release in 2015, the amount of new ribo-seq data has been considerably enlarged with the increasing popularity of ribo-seq technique. Here, we describe an updated version, RPFdb v2.0, which brings significant data expansion, feature improvements, and functionality optimization: (i) RPFdb v2.0 currently hosts 2884 ribo-seq datasets from 293 studies, covering 29 different species, in comparison with 777 datasets from 82 studies and 8 species in the previous version; (ii) A refined analysis pipeline with multi-step quality controls has been applied to improve the pre-processing and alignment of ribo-seq data; (iii) New functional modules have been added to provide actively translated open reading frames (ORFs) information for each ribo-seq data; (iv) More features have been made available to increase database usability. With these additions and enhancements, RPFdb v2.0 will represent a more valuable and comprehensive database for the gene regulation community.

Project Tycho 2.0: a repository to improve the integration and reuse of data for global population health.

ObjectiveIn 2013, we released Project Tycho, an open-access database comprising 3.6 million counts of infectious disease cases and deaths reported for over a century by public health surveillance in the United States. Our objective is to describe how Project Tycho version 1 (v1) data has been used to create new knowledge and technology and to present improvements made in the newly released version 2.0 (v2).Materials and MethodsWe analyzed our user database and conducted online searches to analyze the use of Project Tycho v1 data. For v2, we added new US data and dengue data for other countries, and grouped data into 360 datasets, each with a digital object identifier and rich metadata. In addition, we used standard vocabularies to encode data where possible, improving compliance with FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) guiding principles for data management.ResultsSince release, 3174 people have registered to use Project Tycho data, leading to 18 new peer-reviewed papers and 27 other creative works, such as conference papers, student theses, and software applications. Project Tycho v2 comprises 5.7 million counts of infectious diseases in the United States and of dengue-related conditions in 98 additional countries.DiscussionProject Tycho v2 contributes to improving FAIR compliance of global health data, but more work is needed to develop community-accepted standard representations for global health data.ConclusionFAIR principles are a valuable guide for improving the integration and reuse of data in global health to improve disease control and save lives.

Multifactor Authentication for Hospital Inventory access in Virtual Private Cloud

In recent times, cloud computing has influenced every sector of life, from managing user database online on the cloud to access it on the cloud makes it more flexible to use. Cloud computing has its own security issues like privacy, integrity, confidentiality and authentication. In order to access data on the cloud Authentication majorly plays a very important role. This paper presents a secure multifactor authentication that can be used for Hospital Inventory access in Virtual Private Cloud. Virtual Private cloud is having the benefit of localization as all the data of cloud are accessible within the organization. To secure Hospital Inventory access in Virtual Private Cloud this paper proposes multifactor authentication technique using Biometric, MAC address via payload .The proposed a multifactor authentication protocol which is also validated by using a validation tool Scyther. The outcomes indicate that the proposed multifactor authentication is a robust technique.

Optimal group route query: Finding itinerary for group of users in spatial databases

The increasing popularity of location-based applications creates new opportunities for users to travel together. In this paper, we study a novel spatio-social optimization problem , i.e., Optimal Group Route, for multi-user itinerary planning. With our problem formulation, users can individually specify sources and destinations, preferences on the Point-of-interest (POI) categories, as well as the distance constraints. The goal is to find a itinerary that can be traversed by all the users while maximizing the group’s preference of POI categories in the itinerary. Our work advances existing group trip planning studies by maximizing the group’s social experience. To this end, individual preferences of POI categories are aggregated by considering the agreement and disagreement among group members. Furthermore, planning a multi-user itinerary on large road networks is computationally challenging. We propose two efficient greedy algorithms with bounded approximation ratio, one exact solution which computes the optimal itinerary by exploring a limited number of paths in the road network, and a scaled approximation algorithm to speed up the dynamic programming employed by the exact solution. We conduct extensive empirical evaluations on two real-world road network/POI datasets and our results confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of our solutions.

Do Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters Improve After Pilon Fracture in Patients Who Use the Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis?

Pilon fractures are high-energy fractures about the ankle observed commonly in both civilian and military trauma populations. Despite surgical management, outcomes are predictably poorly characterized by functional deficits secondary to pain and stiffness. The Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis (IDEO) and Return-to-Run clinical pathway were initially designed to treat military service members after complex battlefield lower extremity injuries. The IDEO has been used to treat nonbattlefield injuries, but, to our knowledge, it has not been studied specifically among patients with pilon fractures. By studying the use of the IDEO in this patient population, we hope to learn how it might improve ambulation in the community, relieve pain, and return patients to work to better identify patients who might benefit from its use. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the IDEO would improve gait parameters including velocity, cadence, stride length, and single-leg stance duration in patients with pilon fractures. Our secondary endpoints of interest were reductions in pain and return to duty. A prospectively collected database of all active-duty IDEO users at a single institution was queried for all patients using the IDEO after a pilon fracture. Patients were included if they were using the IDEO after sustaining a surgically treated pilon fracture and had exhausted all nonoperative therapies. Exclusions were patients with an incomplete gait analysis at the two study time points. Seven patients meeting these criteria were identified. Three-dimensional gait analysis was performed two times: first wearing shoes at a self-selected speed and second after a custom-made IDEO was fabricated for the patient and completion of the Return-to-Run pathway. Patients reported their average pain while ambulating using a numeric rating scale. Gait variables of interest were velocity, cadence, stride length, and single stance time. Return to military service was assessed through the military medical record. To return to duty, a service-specific physical readiness test must be completed. Median gait velocity improved from 1.1 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.9-1.2) to 1.3 m/s (IQR, 1.2-1.5; p = 0.01). All other variables did not change: cadence 98.4 (IQR, 93.0-107.2) to 104.5 steps/min (IQR, 103.0-109.0; p = 0.13), affected stride length 1.3 (IQR, 1.0-1.4 m) to 1.4 m (IQR, 1.3-1.6 m; p = 0.07), and affected single stance 0.42 (IQR, 0.41-0.47) to 0.43 (IQR, 0.42-0.44; p = 0.80). Pain did not change between time points: 3 (IQR, 2-3) to 2.5 (IQR, 1-3.5; p = 0.90). Three of seven patients returned to duty. At self-selected walking speeds, we observed no improvements in gait parameters or pain after application of the IDEO that would likely be considered clinically important, and so the device is unlikely to be worth the cost in this setting. It is possible that for higher demand users such as elite athletes, the IDEO could have a role after severe lower extremity trauma; however, this must be considered speculative until or unless proven in future studies. Level III, therapeutic study.

Enhancing Sub Graph Matching With Set Correlation Technique in Large Graph Database

As the increase of users in social networking sites gives rise to complex relation between the users, which often leads to understand the group of users with similar taste. Now days, this is a one of the growing research area to find the similar users in the relational graph database. Many systems are been introduced to identify the matching sub graphs using similarity between the users. This often yields not much appropriate results due to strict similarity measures. So proposed system uses a technique of identifying correlation between the users for the fired query using pattern identification by incorporating frequent pattern analysis and Pearson correlation which is catalyzed by strong pruning techniques.

Design and implementation of a tool for conversion of search strategies between PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE.

Both PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE contain records from the MEDLINE database. However, there are subtle differences in content, functionality, and search syntax between the two. There are many instances in which researchers may wish to search both interfaces, such as when conducting supplementary searching for a systematic review to retrieve a unique content from PubMed or when using a previously published search strategy from a different interface, but little guidance on how to best conduct these searches. The aim of this project is to describe differences in search functionality between Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed, provide guidance for converting search strategies between the two, and develop an easy-to-use, freely available web-based tool to automate search syntax translations. In this paper, we present a custom-built freely available online tool, Medline Transpose, to streamline the process of converting search strategies between Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed. With this tool, users can paste a strategy formatted for one interface into the search box and immediately retrieve an output formatted for use in the other interface, with recommendations for changes that users can make to the strategy where an exact translation does not exist. This novel approach has the potential to reduce time and errors that database users spend translating search strategies.

PIR-PSI: Scaling Private Contact Discovery

AbstractAn important initialization step in many social-networking applications is contact discovery, which allows a user of the service to identify which of its existing social contacts also use the service. Naïve approaches to contact discovery reveal a user’s entire set of social/professional contacts to the service, presenting a significant tension between functionality and privacy. In this work, we present a system forprivatecontact discovery, in which the client learnsonlythe intersection of its own contact list and a server’s user database, and the server learns only the (approximate) size of the client’s list. The protocol is specifically tailored to the case of a small client set and large user database. Our protocol has provable security guarantees and combines new ideas with state-of-the-art techniques from private information retrieval and private set intersection.We report on a highly optimized prototype implementation of our system, which is practical on real-world set sizes. For example, contact discovery between a client with 1024 contacts and a server with 67 million user entries takes 1.36 sec (when using server multi-threading) and uses only 4.28 MiB of communication.