User Access Research Articles

Using UX Testing to Optimize Discoverability of Non-traditional Resources

Objective – The accessibility of non-traditional resources presents ongoing challenges for users and librarians. This study investigates methods for optimizing metadata and the placement of search results to enhance the discoverability of these resources within library systems. Researchers conducted A/B testing to compare two features of Ex Libris Primo: the Resource Recommender and Discovery Import Profiles. The objective was to enhance user access to a broader range of informational assets beyond conventional collections. This study posed the research question: Is inclusion in the results list (Discovery Import Profiles) or are visually appealing advertisement-style cards above results (Resource Recommender) a more effective method for discovery of non-traditional library resources? Methods – Researchers identified four key resource types for testing: librarians, frequently asked questions (FAQs), databases, and research guides. An A/B test was conducted with each resource presented in the Discovery Import Profiles and Resource Recommender formats. Following the A/B test, a combined C test was conducted to validate findings. Results – The ad-style cards achieved higher engagement rates, particularly for databases and FAQs, while research guides performed better when embedded directly in search results. This study highlights the strengths and limitations of each method. Databases and FAQs benefited from the visual prominence of the ad-style cards, while research guides were more discoverable within search results. However, minimal engagement with librarians as a resource type across both methods suggests the need for improved tagging and metadata strategies. Conclusion – Findings underscore the importance of institution-specific research and localized assessments to ensure effective implementation of discovery strategies. This study provides a useful method for libraries aiming to enhance the discoverability of their non-traditional resources, ultimately improving user access and satisfaction.

Automatic Vehicle Security System with ZigBee Keyless entry over CAN Network

The proposed work includes integration of ZigBee Keyless entry system with CAN in vehicles. ZigBee offers wireless Keyless access, while CAN serves as the vehicle's communication backbone. This allows security estimate averse to unauthorized access users advanced features while ensuring robust protection. through meticulous examination, it underscores the feasibility and benefits of this integration, heralding a new era of sophisticated, secure vehicle access and operation in the automotive industry. through careful analysis, it demonstrates that this integration is both feasible and advantageous, so ushering in a new era of sophisticated and secure vehicle access and operation within automotive industry.

Librarians’ perceptions and use of open access resources for economic sustainability in selected university libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria

Purpose Open access (OA) resources are free to access and help in research and teaching/learning, allowing libraries to manage resources more sustainably and effectively. Hence, this study aims to examine use of OA resources for economic sustainability among librarians in selected university libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts descriptive survey research design. Using total enumeration sampling technique, a sample of 46 professional librarians were drawn from the selected universities. Questionnaire was used for data collection, and descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Findings The findings show that most of the librarians had high level of awareness about OA resources. Results demonstrate that majority of the librarians used PubMed Central bi-weekly. Findings show that the librarians used OA resources to support academic research, enhance library’s collection without additional cost and facilitate information access for users with limited financial resources. Results indicate that most of the librarians perceived that OA resources impact library’s operational cost and goal of economic sustainability. Practical implications This study highlights the need for targeted training and resource development to enhance the effective use of OA resources. Meanwhile, the consistent usage of OA resources suggests the importance of the resources to librarians, aligning with previous studies on frequent use of established OA repositories. Originality/value This study provides evidence on the relevance and impact of OA resources use on economic sustainability, demonstrating the importance of OA resources in knowledge dissemination and fostering innovation.

Skin Disease Detection Using Ensemble Learning

Skin diseases affect millions of people worldwide, making early detection and accurate diagnosis crucial for effective treatment. However, the process of diagnosing skin conditions often requires specialized dermatological expertise, which can be time-consuming and expensive. To address this challenge, we have developed a web-based Skin Disease Detection System using cutting-edge machine learning and ensemble techniques. Our system leverages the HAM10000 dataset, consisting of 10,000 dermoscopic images representing seven common skin lesion types. We employ an ensemble learning approach, integrating ResNet50, EfficientNetB0, and DenseNet121 as base models and combining their predictions using a logistic regression meta-model. This architecture enhances the accuracy and robustness of the predictions. The backend of our application is built with Flask, responsible for model processing, authentication, and handling API requests. The React frontend provides an intuitive user interface where users can upload skin lesion images and receive real-time predictions along with confidence scores. The system also incorporates authentication and token verification for secure user access, ensuring data privacy and integrity. Our project aims to provide an accessible, reliable, and cost-effective tool to assist healthcare professionals and individuals in the early detection of skin diseases, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden on dermatology services

Linking Accessibility, Easiness and Satisfaction of Users for Public Service Deliveries Through ICTs: Do Amenities Make Things Better?

This study explores the complex relationships between the accessibility of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in rural Haryana and user satisfaction with public services. The study explores how ‘easiness’ mediates the relationship between accessibility and satisfaction, putting forth a complex model of moderated mediation in which amenities play a key moderating role. Using a large dataset of 981 respondents, the study makes use of several advanced statistical techniques. The results show that there is a significant mediation impact of ease of use in the link between accessibility and satisfaction. Additionally, the study reveals that amenities have a moderating effect on this association, influencing its nature and degree of strength. Remarkably, the ease of use mediates the indirect effect of accessibility on satisfaction, which is strongest in areas with a lot of good or high-quality amenities. All things considered, this study makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of the complex interactions between accessibility, ease of use, conveniences and user satisfaction when it comes to ICT-based public service delivery in rural regions. The information gathered has important policy implications since it highlights how facilities and technology accessibility play a crucial role in increasing user satisfaction in rural development programs.

QUEUE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE (CASE STUDY: PUSKESMAS UMBAN SARI)

The Community Health Center Queue Management System is an Android and website-based online queuing system. The purpose of this research is to help Puskesmas Umban Sari who faces difficulty in managing patient queues. The main process handled by the system is registration and data recapitulation. The system has two queuing features that can be activated or not as needed, namely the priority queue and linear queue. The development method in this research is done by using the Rational Unified Process (RUP). The tests carried out are black box testing, usability testing, and performance testing. Based on the outcomes obtained from black box testing, it can be determined that the system is functioning very well. The Usability testing with a total of 50 respondents shows a score of 84%, which means that this system is quite satisfactory and useful for users. Whereas in performance testing, the Load Testing and Stress Testing processes were obtained by 67%, which means that the performance of this system is quite good when given heavy pressure and many users access simultaneously. The system successfully reduced waiting times and improved service efficiency.

Digital engagement for travel information among car and public transport users in the Netherlands

As the offer of digital services in transport expands, understanding users’ digital engagement and how it developed over time is important to make informed policy decisions. In particular, we lack an understanding of how both PT (public transport) and car users access and engage with digital technologies and perceive them to be necessary to travel. This article aims at bridging this gap, using a 2022 survey of representative samples from both populations in the Netherlands.There is clear evidence of travellers getting more used to digital technologies over time. In 2022, at most 80% of car and PT users relied at least from time to time on their smartphone to look for travel information. As expected, higher digital skills correlate positively with the likelihood of using smartphone-based travel information. It is worth noting that PT users report higher digital skills than car users, while these samples do not differ significantly in terms of age and education levels. As such, low (perceived) digital skills might be a barrier to switching from the car to public transport.Almost 75% of car and PT users think that travelling is more difficult nowadays without a smartphone, demonstrating a radical shift in societal expectations within a decade and a half. Alternatives like public information displays exist and are still used by the majority, but traditional communication channels are not deemed sufficient anymore to travel worry-free. These perceptions can contribute to shaping reality and may put those with a lower digital access at a disadvantage.

25 years of technology use in policing

Technological innovations including artificial intelligence (AI) and cognate systems with accessible user interfaces are informing policing decision-making around the world. The systems form part of the ‘smart justice’ technologies increasingly replacing analogue modes of law enforcement such as paper-based information analysis. This article maps the evolution of technological innovations in policing over the past 25 years, that is, since the 1990s. The article situates its analysis within relevant socio-political contexts and discusses key prospects, impacts, and challenges.

Multichannel EMG-based gesture recognition utilizing advanced machine learning techniques: A random forest classifier for high-precision signal classification

This research examines how advanced machine learning algorithms can be used to classify multichannel electromyographic (EMG) signals with a high level of accuracy to assist in recognizing hand gestures. The goal is to create a robust and scalable system for gesture-based virtual control using EMG signals with potential applications in assistive technologies, rehabilitation, and human-computer interaction. Data were gathered using a MYO Thalmic bracelet containing eight EMG sensors on thirty-six subjects, and a Random Forest classifier was trained to identify seven distinct types of hand gestures (rest, fist clench, wrist flexion/extension, and radial/ulnar deviations). The machine learning pipeline included extensive preprocessing (i.e., EMG signal normalization and signal feature extraction; root mean square, waveform length, and zero crossing rate) and several hyperparameter tuning procedures to improve model performance. The Random Forest model (100 decision trees) achieved an overall classification accuracy of 98.68%, with a range of accuracies for each class (e.g., 95.2% wrist flexion and 91.8% ulnar deviation) when evaluated using cross-validation (i.e., average F1-score = 0.92, precision = 0.94, recall = .91). Overall, the study provides strong evidence for the effectiveness of ensemble learning methods at analyzing complex, multidimensional EMG signals. The high classification accuracy reported, in particular, demonstrates that the system could function for real-time recognition of hand gestures in a virtual environment. Ultimately, the initial work sets the stage for future exploration of a model that may be integrated with actuation models to control prosthetic limbs, virtual actors/avatars, and robotic devices. By demonstrating a scalable and efficient method of gesture recognition using EMG signals, these early findings enable future pathways and possibilities to design innovative, assistive solutions for digital systems that increase accessibility and interaction for users who are motor impaired or have a limited range of motion.

Data Security and Access Rights Management on Anime Content Management Information System

In the increasingly developing digital era, data security and access rights management have become crucial aspects in information systems, especially on platforms that manage specific content such as anime. The Anime Content Management Information System (SIPKA) requires a robust security mechanism to protect user data, content and access rights in order to prevent security threats such as unauthorized access, data theft and content manipulation. This study discusses various methods and technologies that can be applied to improve data security and access rights management in SIPKA. Through literature analysis and case studies, this research found that implementing data encryption, multifactor authentication, and role-based access rights management (RBAC) systems are effective strategies in maintaining data integrity and confidentiality. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide guidance for SIPKA developers and managers in implementing appropriate security policies and technology to ensure the security and operational continuity of the system.

Extracurricular Management Information System

The extracurricular management information system aids educational institutions in efficiently managing extracurricular activities. These activities are vital for student development outside of the classroom. However, manual administration of extracurricular activities is time-consuming and challenging. In the digital age, extracurricular management information systems are necessary to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in managing these activities. This study aims to create and involve an extracurricular management information system that will enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of managing extracurricular activities in schools and educational institutions. This extracurricular management information system's construction employed a research technique encompassing needs analysis, system design, software development, implementation, and evaluation. During the needs analysis step, we conducted interviews with schools and educational institutions that have experience managing extracurricular activities. The interview results were used to design the system according to the user's needs. The findings of this analysis serve as a basis for developing suitable information systems. This research has developed software that utilizes cutting-edge technology to enable system access through various devices, such as PCs, cell phones, and tablets. In addition, we prioritize data security and user privacy during the development of this system. Implementing an extracurricular management information system has undergone testing in multiple schools and educational institutions. Evidence from the test results demonstrates that this method can enhance the effectiveness of overseeing extracurricular activities. The incorporation of cutting-edge technology enables users to access the system through various devices, including PCs, cellphones, and tablets, thereby enhancing user flexibility and accessibility. This system's implementation and testing have been limited to a small number of schools and educational institutions. An enormous scope is required to ensure the generalizability of the research outcomes.

Real-Time Vegetable Identification and Detection Implementing Yolo

Fruits and vegetables are essential sources of nutrition, crucial for preventing chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular issues. Maintaining a healthy diet, including the recommended servings of vegetables and fruits, is important for overall well-being. However, many individuals, particularly those unfamiliar with grocery shopping, struggle to distinguish between different types of vegetables due to their similar physical characteristics, leading to confusion and poor dietary choices. Therefore, this project aims to design and develop a real-time vegetable detection and identification system through a mobile application using deep learning and provide healthy recipes based on the identified vegetable. This project used the YOLOv5 object detection algorithm for vegetable detection, utilizing manually captured vegetable images from phones as the dataset. The collected data were organized into a unified folder. The Modified Waterfall model was adopted as the methodology, excluding the maintenance phase, encompassing requirement gathering, design, implementation, and testing. The testing phase demonstrated that the model met all the project’s objectives and successfully identified and detected vegetables with a mAP of 95.7%. All functionality test cases and an accuracy test confirmed that the system effectively resolved the problem. The system was developed as a mobile application to enhance accessibility for target users. Future enhancements could include refining the detection model and incorporating a wider range of vegetables or including other ingredient datasets to broaden its scope.

Breaking barriers: a qualitative exploration of healthcare access for crack cocaine users in Limerick

Background of studyCrack cocaine use in Ireland began to emerge as a significant problem in the early 2000s, with prevalence increasing from 2016 onwards. Services such as harm reduction, treatment/rehabilitation, primary healthcare and social services are available to crack cocaine users in Ireland. However, research addressing specific barriers to accessing these services remains limited. Internationally, while research on healthcare access barriers for crack cocaine users exists, it predominantly focuses on user perspectives. This paper uses a dual-perspective approach to investigate access challenges from both service user and service provider viewpoints, promoting a more patient-centred, holistic approach to service provision.MethodologyThe study is qualitative and used semi-structured interviews and a focus group to obtain study data. Levesque’s conceptual framework for healthcare access underpins this study. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe study highlighted barriers to healthcare access such as the inadequacy of services to support those with dual diagnosis. However, an advancement has been made through the establishment of specialised dual diagnosis teams and community dual diagnosis services in Ireland. Stigma from health care providers further hindered people from seeking help, highlighting the significance of ongoing efforts in Ireland to address stigma. Systemic factors such as distrust in services, stringent requirements and insufficient knowledge of user needs hamper timely access to care, underlining the need for more adaptive responses.ConclusionThe study underlines the need for a tailored approach to enhancing access to health care for crack cocaine users in Ireland. Facilitating collaboration among health care providers, fostering partnerships with educational institutions/communities, and implementing policy changes are essential in creating a supportive environment that promotes help-seeking in Ireland.

A semantic network analysis of categorization in open government data portals

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the semantic relationships between category terms that are used in open government data (OGD) portals and those identified in policy documents through the implementation of a semantic network analysis. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted in three stages. Firstly, the study examined the semantic relationships between category terms in OGD portals by constructing a similarity matrix based on the terms’ co-occurrence and visualizing six-word groups. Secondly, the study investigated the semantic relationships among terms in OGD policy documents using latent semantic analysis and community detection methods, resulting in the identification and visualization of three network groups. Finally, the study used chi-squared and Z-tests to analyse differences in category terms between countries with and without redefined categories. Findings The results indicate that the three-word groups were identified by community detection, covering various aspects of government. In addition, there is a significant difference between the two country groups, with category terms being more prevalent in countries with predefined categories. This emphasizes the impact of categorization on term prevalence within OGD portals. Originality/value This study uniquely focuses on the categorization of government portals for sustainable open data management. The findings underscore the importance of effectively structuring and organizing data categories to enhance user discoverability and accessibility in OGD portals.

Enhancing Learning Through Universally Designed Augmented Reality: A Comparative Study of Augmented and Traditional Learning Materials.

This paper examines the impact and effectiveness of educational Universally Designed (UD) Augmented Reality (AR) applications compared to traditional paper-based counterparts. The study evaluates accessibility, usability, user experience, and short-term learning outcomes in marine biology, human anatomy, and cultural history. Thirty-six participants with diverse skills and abilities, including visual impairments and dyslexia, participated in two experiments. The findings reveal that UD-designed AR applications significantly improve accessibility and usability for users with special needs and enhance learning performance for sighted users, particularly in spatial tasks. Users with dyslexia demonstrated effective information recall, while blind users could interact with and learn from the AR content without needing third-party assistive technologies, which is not possible with paper-based solutions. This study underscores the importance of incorporating UD principles in AR development to enhance accessibility and usability, ensuring that immersive technologies facilitate digital inclusion.

Digital Transformation in Libraries: Assessing Metaverse Readiness in Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study examines the readiness of Nigerian libraries to integrate the metaverse, given the dynamic digital landscape and technological advancements. This research uses a quantitative survey approach to evaluate metaverse literacy among Nigerian academic library professionals. The survey covers awareness, readiness, and perspectives on integrating the metaverse into library services. Results show a significant awareness of the metaverse among participants, with a high perceived priority for metaverse literacy. Potential benefits include enhanced user engagement and accessibility, while challenges include cost implications and privacy concerns. This study contributes to understanding metaverse readiness in Nigerian libraries, offering insights into the perceptions, challenges, and opportunities associated with integrating metaverse technologies into library services. The findings can guide Nigerian libraries in strategic planning for the future and contribute to the broader discourse on libraries’ role in the digital era.

E-Library SMAK Frateran Maumere Berbasis Mobile

In this digital era, the need for fast and easy access to information is increasing, including in the world of libraries. The Android-based e-library is here as a solution to provide wider and more practical access for users to access various reading materials. The system is designed to provide a user-friendly platform, allowing users to search, borrow, and read a variety of e-books directly from their Android devices. With features such as advanced search, book recommendations, and integrated loan and return management, this e-library aims to improve the reading experience and efficiency in library management. It is hoped that the implementation of an Android-based e-library will not only facilitate access to information but also encourage interest in reading among the wider community, as well as support digital transformation in the library sector.

Exploration of Reliability and Security of E- Banking: Selected Urban Cooperative banks

The rise of E-banking has introduced unprecedented convenience and accessibility for users, transforming traditional banking operations into efficient online experiences. However, this shift brings challenges, particularly in terms of security and reliability, as users now expect robust protections for their financial data and consistent, dependable service. This study investigates the perceptions of security and reliability in digital banking among 290 urban cooperative banking customers. Using factor analysis, we explore key dimensions of e-banking services, focusing on elements like encryption, biometric security, and trust in transaction reliability. The analysis identified two primary factors: security and reliability, each with distinct contributions to overall user satisfaction. The factor loadings revealed that users had mixed confidence in encryption technologies and data privacy measures, with some expressing high levels of satisfaction, while others indicated significant concerns. Additionally, reliability emerged as a critical factor, with findings indicating that a notable portion of customers were dissatisfied with the timeliness and trustworthiness of e-banking services. For data collection, a structured survey measured responses on a five-point Likert scale, assessing variables such as trustworthiness, encryption effectiveness, privacy maintenance, and personal security practices. Through the use of descriptive and factor analysis, we quantified customer sentiments and identified patterns in user satisfaction. The results suggest that while there is moderate confidence in digital banking security, the reliability of service delivery remains an area for improvement. Banks should consider addressing these findings by enhancing transparency in their security protocols and strengthening service consistency to better meet user expectations in digital banking environments.

A Robust Spectrum Allocation Framework Towards Inference Management in Multichannel Cognitive Radio Networks

ABSTRACTRecently, there has been research on using cognitive radio to increase the effectiveness of spectrum resources. Secondary users (SUs) sense, identify, and access frequency bands presently unoccupied by primary users (PUs). Indeed, the precise communication methods of PUs remain consistently unknown to SUs. Designing an appropriate system for spectrum monitoring along with access is necessary to address the challenging problem of guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) for PUs and satisfying the demand of SUs for spectrum resources. When several SUs and different channels are available, spectrum allocation and sharing must be considered. This work proposes a system for allocating spectrum to multiple users and sharing multiple channels for SUs dealing with PUs with uncertain behavior. The study focuses on analyzing the interference caused to PUs by the dynamic access of SUs. The analysis of the interference produced by SUs is conducted using renewal theory. Queuing theory determines the highest average data rate achievable by SUs while considering the limitations imposed by interference to PUs and the need to maintain stability in the secondary network. Comprehensive simulations validate the efficacy of this approach.

Self-Sovereign Identity-Based E-Portfolio Ecosystem

In Taiwan, traditional student assessments, covering academic and extracurricular achievements, have shifted from paper to electronic portfolios (e-portfolios). However, limited trust among institutions restricts students from freely sharing and using their educational data. This paper introduces a self-sovereign identity-based infrastructure aimed at enhancing personal data security within the e-portfolio ecosystem. The proposed system includes two core components: (1) a decentralized identity chain, aligning user identities across platforms and granting users full self-sovereign control; and (2) an e-portfolio application chain to manage user interactions and access permissions within the ecosystem. A trusted educational authority also audits data sources, ensuring data integrity and reliability. This infrastructure empowers users to control who can access their data, safeguarding their security, with the identity chain preventing unauthorized access and the application chain recording authorization statuses to restrict data visibility to approved parties only.