US Board Research Articles

The Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties Experience—2000

This series describes the experiences of three Australian pharmacists from the Repatriation General Hospital Daw Park who sat the US Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties (BPS) examination in 2000. The BPS was founded by the American Pharmaceutical Association in 1976 to recognise specialties and certify clinical pharmacists in areas of advanced pharmacy practice. Five specialties are currently recognised by BPS: nuclear pharmacy, nutrition support pharmacy, pharmacotherapy, psychiatric pharmacy and oncology pharmacy. (non-author abstract)

US board of education advises against drugs for behavioral problems

US board of education advises against drugs for behavioral problems

James Carroll: a biography.

James Carroll was born in England in 1854; at the age of 15, he emigrated to Canada where he worked at various odd jobs. At age 20, he crossed the border and volunteered for the US Army, in which he remained for the rest of his life. Appointed as Hospital Steward, he became interested in medicine. He was permitted to take basic courses at St Paul University and later at Bellevue Hospital in New York. He received his MD degree in 1891 from the University of Maryland while still a sergeant. He then took the course in bacteriology offered by Welch at Hopkins. At an 1893 international exposition in Chicago, Carroll was put in charge of the Army's exhibit on bacteriology. He was then called to become Assistant Professor of Microscopy at the new Army Medical School; his senior there was Walter Reed. Both men were offered professorships in pathology and bacteriology at George Washington University, and in 1900, both were appointed to the US Board sent to Havana. After several weeks, the Board determined that the alleged agent causing yellow fever was Bacillus cholerae suis (Sanarelli). Visiting British researchers informed the Board of their favorable view of Carlos Finlay's theory that the disease was transmitted by the mosquito. The Board then visited Finlay, who gave them eggs of the particular species of mosquito that he had discovered to be the culprit. Board members Lazear and Carroll submitted themselves to the bite of an infected mosquito; both developed severe fever and Lazear died. The Board then carried out a well-planned experiment which proved that Finlay had been right for 20 years. Further experiments by Carroll showed that the agent could pass through a Berkefeld filter and was not bacterial.

Neurophysiologic surgical monitoring staffing patterns in the USA

Staffing patterns for intraoperative EEG and somatosensory evoked potential monitoring were assessed in a survey of 150 US board certified clinical neurophysiologists. Whether or not a clinical neurophysiology physician needs to be in the operating room throughout monitoring has been a point of disagreement and debate. The data here provide evidence that most US clinical neurophysiologists send non-physician staff to monitor EEG during carotid endarterectomies. Similar results were found for somatosensory evoked potential spinal cord monitoring during scoliosis procedures. By describing current staffing practices, these data can promote a more informed debate on this controversial topic.

Physiographic features on the northern Gulf of Mexico continental slope

The continental slope of the northern Gulf of Mexico is diapirically controlled and is comprised of coalescing salt sheets, salt withdrawal basins, salt ridges, salt tongues and sills, and submarine canyons. Bathymetric information from single-beam data has resulted in several published maps. Many of the map areas have been remapped, using multibeam surveys, by the US National Ocean Service, and names have been given to the major physiographic features. The multibeam program was discontinued before complete coverage of the slope was accomplished. We provide charts of the remaining areas with names of features that have been accepted by the US Board of Geographic Names.

The US Board on Geographic Names and International Programs

AbstractWhile its initial goal was to standardize names in the United States, the US Board on Geographic Names soon broadened its work to include names in other areas. This activity required the creation of international programs in which the Board collaborated with individual countries, groups of countries, international organizations, and the United Nations.

Antarctic Place Names - Gazeteer of the Antarctic. US Board on Geographic Names. 1990. (Fourth edition). Washington, National Science Foundation. 145p, soft cover. NSF 89–98.

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The Mountain Was Wronged: The Story of the Naming of Mt. Rainier and Other Domestic Names Activities of the US Board on Geographic Names

The Mountain Was Wronged: The Story of the Naming of Mt. Rainier and Other Domestic Names Activities of the US Board on Geographic Names

The Floor of the Arctic Ocean: Geographic Names

A table listing 54 major features of the ocean floor in the Arctic, gives the final suggested name, approx location, and the status of the name with the US Board on Geographic Names and the Intl. Hydrographic Bureau. Recommendations are based on decisions made at a meeting called by the US Navy Electronics Laboratory, San Diego, Calif, Jan 1966. The criteria for decisions were: consistency with Undersea terms and definitions (US Board on Geographic Names, 1964) and Limits of oceans and seas (Intl Hydrographic Bureau 1953), common usage, priority of discovery or naming, association with established geographic features, and minimizing ambiguity. It is suggested that a straight line across the narrowest constriction of Bering Strait should mark the southern boundary of Chukchi Sea, rather than the Arctic Circle, as recommended by the I.H.B., and that, in the absence of any hydrographic or physiographic features designating a unique region, the name Beaufort Sea should be dropped. The opinions ar those of the writers personally.