Urine Of Healthy People Research Articles

Experiences with the measurement of inhibitory activity of urine and crystallisation inhibitors by different techniques

The effect of urine, pyrophosphate (PPi), citrate and diphosphonate on the formation, the growth rate or the aggregation of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate crystals was measured by 4 different methods. The degree of supersaturation and the area of crystal surface present in the test systems were found to be limiting factors for the action of inhibitors. Citrate and PPi proved to be important urinary inhibitors of the growth of calcium oxalate crystals. Comparison between stone formers and healthy controls revealed a significant lack of PPi in urine of male patients. The inhibitory effect of PPi in urine of healthy people was enhanced by unknown factors. This enhancement could not be found in about 60% of the stone patients. Problems relating to measurement and clinical importance of inhibitors are discussed.

THE RATIONALE OF TESTS OF RENAL FUNCTION

It did not escape clinicians 1 of a century ago that when a patient with severe renal disease ingests asparagus, turpentine or other substances which impart a characteristic odor to the urine of healthy people, this odor does not appear in the urine. These keen observations were really tests of renal function, in many ways superior to some of the complicated tests that have since been introduced. In this paper I desire to point out that elaborate procedures are unnecessary for clinical purposes, the same end being attained by very simple methods, provided the clinical features of the case are always kept in the foreground. It will first be necessary to consider certain aspects of the pathologic physiology of the kidneys. THE UNITARY NATURE OF IMPAIRMENT OF RENAL FUNCTION It is widely held that disease of the kidney may injure the ability of the organ to excrete individual substances, while