Obesity is one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. This is - one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, was characterized by WHO as "non-infectious epidemic of the late XX - early XXI century." According to data presented at the Consensus Conference of the National Institutes of Health and the American Society of Bariatric Surgeons in 2004, as well as the WHO European Conference on Obesity in 2006, 1.7 billion people on the planet, including 2/3 of the US population are overweight (MT), with one in five adults and one in seven teen - morbid obesity, ie, has a body mass index greater than 40 kg / m2. More than 700 000 deaths in the United States, and 1 million in Europe each year can be attributed to obesity, and in the structure of mortality in 13% of Europeans reasons anyway associated with obesity. Life expectancy at morbid obesity is reduced by 9 years for women and 12 years for men. According to forecasts of epidemiologists, 2025 will double the number of patients suffering from obesity.