You have accessJournal of UrologyBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Basic Research1 Apr 20121574 MOLECULAR SIGNATURES ASSOCIATED WITH PROSTATIC INFLAMMATION Yasuhito Funahashi, Zhou Wang, Katherine J. Willet, Ryosuke Takahashi, Momokazu Gotoh, and Naoki Yoshimura Yasuhito FunahashiYasuhito Funahashi Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author , Zhou WangZhou Wang Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author , Katherine J. WilletKatherine J. Willet Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author , Ryosuke TakahashiRyosuke Takahashi Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author , Momokazu GotohMomokazu Gotoh Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author , and Naoki YoshimuraNaoki Yoshimura Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.1346AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Prostatic inflammation is reportedly associated with symptomatic BPH with LUTS and/or prostate cancer development. We therefore investigated the effects of prostatic inflammation on expression levels of androgen receptor-related genes and growth factors in the rat prostate. METHODS Prostatic inflammation was induced by either formalin (5%; 50 μl per lobe) injection into bilateral ventral lobes of the prostate or E. coli (strain 1677) injection (0.2 mL of 1x 108 CFU/mL) into the prostatic urethra of male SD rats. After 5 days, ventral lobes of the prostate were harvested, and histopathology and real-time RT-PCR for pro-inflammatory cytokines were performed. Using laser-capture microdissection (LCM), glandular epithelial cells and stromal regions were separately isolated. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to examine mRNA levels of androgen-responsive (AR) genes in the epithelium and TGF-β cascade genes in the stroma. RESULTS (1) Histopathology: In the formalin-injected prostate, inflammatory changes were observed focally. In the severe inflammation area, a large number of leukocytes were present in a slightly edematous stromal region and the epithelium shrank while other regions had almost normal appearance. In the E.coli-treated prostate, inflammation distributed diffusely throughout the prostate. Polymorphonuclear cells were filled in the ductal spaces and infiltrated into the highly edematous stroma, without morphological changes in the epithelium. (2) Cytokine levels: In the formalin-treated prostate, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2 mRNA were increased 3, 9, and 4-fold compared to control, respectively. In the E.coli-treated prostate, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2 mRNA increased 42, 149, 18 and 12-fold, respectively. (3) LCM: Epithelial cells from the area with no/little inflammation of formalin-treated prostate showed 2-3 fold increases in androgen receptors and AR genes such as Eaf2, ELL2, FKBP5, calreticulin and orinthine decarboxylase compared to control. In contrast, epithelial cells from E. coli-treated prostate or the severe inflammatory area of formalin-treated prostate showed the reduction in these genes. In the stromal area from formalin or E. coli-treated prostate, TGF-β cascade genes such as TGF-β1, fibronectin and collagen-1 were up-regulated 2-5 fold. CONCLUSIONS Prostatic inflammation changes expression of AR genes in the epithelium and TGF-β cascade genes in the stroma. Activation of TGF-β cascade genes in the inflammatory stroma as well as altered AR gene expression in the epithelium might be involved in the development of symptomatic BPH and/or prostate cancer. © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 187Issue 4SApril 2012Page: e637-e638 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Yasuhito Funahashi Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author Zhou Wang Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author Katherine J. Willet Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author Ryosuke Takahashi Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author Momokazu Gotoh Nagoya, Japan More articles by this author Naoki Yoshimura Pittsburgh, PA More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...