Urban Village Research Articles

The impact of homestead system reform on farmers’ well-being: an empirical study based on the structural equation model

Abstract The reform of the homestead system is an important way to vacate inefficient and idle land, revitalize the stock, and visualize the asset properties of homesteads in the vast rural areas nowadays. In this study, we first carry out the selection of indicators for measuring the changes in farmers’ well-being under the reform of the homestead system and take a certain region that has carried out the reform of the rural land system as an example and use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to measure the changes in the overall well-being of the farmers in that region and the changes in the well-being of the farmers in different villages. The impact of the reform of the homestead system on farmers’ well-being is modeled using structural equations, and the corresponding hypotheses and validations are carried out. The analysis shows that farmers’ well-being in the study area improved by 0.254 overall and by 0.208, 0.204, and 0.350 in urban, peri-urban, and remote villages, respectively. The reform of the homestead system of uncompensated withdrawal, compensated withdrawal, compensated use, and construction of houses by farmers all positively affected the improvement of farmers’ well-being, with the compensated withdrawal policy having the greatest impact (0.315). It is necessary to innovate the homestead system, safeguard and expand farmers’ property rights, promote the reform of the expropriation system, and explore the establishment of a reasonable homestead withdrawal mechanism to encourage the further enhancement of farmers’ well-being.

An urban-rural Fringe extraction method based on Combined Urban-rural Fringe Index (CUFI)

In this article, a multi-source data-based method for urban-rural fringe extraction is proposed to solve the problem of insufficiently accurate division of urban-rural fringe, which can conveniently and accurately realise the extraction of the area of urban-rural fringe. The method uses multi-source data such as night light remote sensing images, POI data and high-resolution remote sensing images. We constructed the Combined Urban-Rural Fringe Index (CUFI) model based on the characteristics of NDVI and NTL, POI kernel density value points that change from the city centre to the surrounding area. The calculation of CUFI involves three aspects. The initial step involves processing data, which includes reducing noise in nighttime light images and removing inaccurate information from POI data. The subsequent step involves calculating combined features of NTL and POI kernel density, which includes analyzing the kernel density of POI data, standardizing the results of POI kernel density and nighttime light data, computing NTL & POI indexes using the equal weight combined feature calculation method and reclassifying NTL & POI indexes .The third part involves rejecting misinformation using NDVI. This includes calculating the NDVI index using high-resolution satellite data, rejecting bare land information in the NDVI index using nighttime light data, and reclassifying the processed results. The reclassified results are then multiplied with the reclassification results of the NTL&POI index to obtain the CUFI calculation results. In order to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the method, Tangshan City, Hebei Province was selected as the experimental area, and the method was used to compare and analyse the accuracy with the traditional urban built-up area boundary extraction method. The results show that compared with the traditional method, the extraction accuracy of the CUFI method is higher, reaching 89.51%, which is able to effectively identify urban villages and lakes in the urban area, as well as improving the resolution of extracting Urban-Rural Fringe using NTL& POI methods, and also the urban-rural fringe which has weak night light and fewer POI points, but actually has urban-rural duality attributes Extraction.

HR-UVFormer: A Top-Down and Multimodal Hierarchical Extraction Approach for Urban Villages

HR-UVFormer: A Top-Down and Multimodal Hierarchical Extraction Approach for Urban Villages

Analysis of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) implementation based on GEDSI and climate resilience in Kupang City

This paper provides an overview of WASH implementation, GEDSI, and climate resilience in Kupang City, revealing significant gaps. These gaps include the absence of a monitoring mechanism due to a lack of consensus among local bureaucracies (OPD) concerning community-based total sanitation (STBM) and inadequate budget allocation for monitoring. Additionally, there is a lack of integration between program implementation and existing Urban Sanitation Strategy (SSK) documents, posing an additional challenge to effective STBM execution. Qualitative methodologies, such as key informant interviews and focus group discussions, were employed to engage with key stakeholders, including city government representatives, local leaders, and community youth organizations. The analysis emphasizes Kupang City’s efforts in STBM implementation, persistent deficiencies in sanitation management at the urban village level, and ongoing challenges in raising community awareness about proper sanitation practices. Recurring climate vulnerabilities affecting infrastructure and the local population have led to the development of Regional Action Plans for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction (RAD API-PRB). Vulnerability during disasters primarily impacts women and children, underscoring the importance of gender equality within households and across all WASH and climate change activities. The absence of youth involvement highlights the need for comprehensive collaboration among stakeholders. Follow-up recommendations align with the SDG 6 Global Acceleration Framework, focusing on data, financing, governance, innovation, capacity building, community participation, and elements related to GEDSI.

Fine-Grained Urban Village Extraction by Mask Transformer From High-Resolution Satellite Images in Pearl River Delta

Fine-Grained Urban Village Extraction by Mask Transformer From High-Resolution Satellite Images in Pearl River Delta

Comparison of Cardiovascular Disease-Related Mortality and Morbidity in Urban and Rural Residential Areas in Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java, Indonesia: An Epidemiological Community Study

Objectives: Residential areas are considered part of the sociocultural aspect for determining health but are rarely studied in a cardiovascular disease-community study in developing countries. Jatinangor, considered a university area, has unique characteristics surrounded by urban and rural villages. We aim to investigate the association of residential areas in Jatinangor with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methodology: A cross-sectional study from July to November 2018 was done in appointed rural and urban areas in Jatinangor district, West Java, Indonesia. Cardiovascular disease is defined using a self-reported questionnaire. Cardiovascular death was identified through a verbal autopsy performed by a general practitioner as an interviewer. The morbidity data were obtained from September to October 2018, while the mortality data were obtained from July to November 2018. Poisson regression was done to determine the association of residential areas to cardiovascular disease morbidity. Results: Data were obtained from 1469 respondents; 58.7% were from rural areas. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease morbidity is higher in urban than rural areas (5.6% vs. 2.5%, p=0.004). There were 42 cases of death reported during the study period, with 33 deaths considered caused by cardiovascular disease. The urban-rural differences in cardiovascular mortality showed no significant differences (p=0.388). The unadjusted model of the association of the urban-rural residential area with cardiovascular disease morbidity was (PR 2.253 (95% CI 1.262, 4.024)) while the adjusted model was (PR 2.264 (95% CI 1.257, 4.078, p = 0.007)). Conclusion: Urban area is associated with two times higher cardiovascular disease morbidity but not with mortality than those who live in rural areas.

Implementation Of The Importance Performance Analysis (Ipa) Method In Measuring The Level Of Community Satisfaction With Services At The Kelurahan Office Padang Jati Web-Based Village Office

The purpose of this research is to implement the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method and create a web-based application in measuring the level of community satisfaction with the services provided by the Padang Jati Village Office. The web-based application for measuring the level of community satisfaction with services at the Padang Jati Urban Village Office was created using the PHP programming language and MySQL database which can be accessed online via the domain url link http://haluan.online. Based on the tests that have been carried out, it is found that this application is very helpful in managing and evaluating data on community satisfaction assessment of services at the Padang Jati Urban Village Office so that the level of community satisfaction is known and this application can be used as a forum for the community to provide an assessment of community satisfaction with services at the Padang Jati Urban Village Office.

Building Design Mlatiharjo Urban Village PKK Administration Governance System East Semarang Sub-District

PKK as a partner of the lurah government is the closest community organization to the family and plays an important role in empowering and improving family welfare. PKK is divided into 4 working groups: Working Group (POKJA) 1 manages the Pancasila and Gotong Royong Program, Working Group 2 manages the Education and Skills Program and the Development of Cooperative Life, Working Group 3 manages food, clothing, housing and household management programs, Working Group 4 manages health programs, environmental sustainability and healthy planning. In order to support the duties of the TP PKK secretary to manage PKK administration and report and evaluate PKK work programs, according to Shinta Esabella et al (Esabella et al., 2022) in their research, it is necessary to design and build a Web-based Administrative Governance Information System. The governance of the PKK administration in Mlatiharjo Village, East Semarang District is still done manually, both for work programs, financial reports, annual reports and correspondence management. With this manual system, it will make it difficult for the PKK secretary to distribute work programs, collect data, manage documents, correspondence and make reports. With these problems, researchers conducted research with the aim of building a PKK administrative governance system for Mlatiharjo Village, East Semarang District. The research method is qualitative analysis, the system development method is RAD and uses UML tools. The research output is the design of the PKK administration governance system

Implementation of BERSABAR Method for Students to Achieve Clean and Healthy Schools in Al Ikhlas Private Elementary School Medan

Sanitation conditions in the school environment in Urban Village Sitirejo II were not well managed. The school had adequate facilities, but these facilities were not optimally utilized as seen from the unavailability of clean water, unclean toilets, and scattered garbage. These conditions can lead to diseases such as diarrhea and others. The formation of cadres from students needs to be done to overcome these problems. The cadre was named Bocah Cinta Lingkungan or "Bocil" or the Environmentalist Child Cadres, 10 people were selected and formed through "Bersabar" method. The play method used is with the modification of the Snakes and Ladders game, the game is communicative and easy to understand, with eye-catching visualization, attractive, and fun to use as learning media. In addition, snakes and ladders are modified with interesting and full-color illustrated questions and answers. After the cadres are formed, their role is to instill clean and healthy living behaviors for themselves and their peers. Promotive efforts in school children groups can be done with peer education. Furthermore, this program also involves principals and teachers by providing a "Bersabar" method tools to Al Ikhlas Private elemntary School. Teachers have a role to monitor the cadres and then also be able to form the cadres independently.

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF FIRE OCCURRENCE IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA

The occurrence of fire incidents in urban villages of Jakarta Special Capital Region significantly impacted losses, necessitating prevention and handling efforts. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the spatial influence of social and physical variables (independent variables) such as sex ratio, vulnerable age population, number of buildings, and size of slum areas on fires (dependent variable) in Jakarta Special Capital Region. The analysis area includes five municipalities of Jakarta Special Capital Region. Secondary data were obtained from Central Agency of Statistics of Jakarta Special Capital Region, maps from the official site jakartasatu.jakarta.go.id, and publication data from Government of Jakarta Special Capital Region for 2020. Furthermore, the quantitative approach in descriptive and inferential analysis, determined using Microsoft Excel and GeoDa version 1.20.0.10, was used to evaluate the spatial relationships between adjacent sub-districts. Although the regression data processing results using GeoDa were significant, the spatial regression results with Lagrange Multiplier (LM) Lag and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) error > 0.05 were insignificant and significant when using the parameter 0.1. This means fire symptoms in Jakarta Special Capital Region do not have a spatial effect, contrary to the clustering observed between dependent and independent variables using Morans'I and Scatter Plots. The results of this study can aid the Jakarta provincial government in preventing and handling potential fires by restructuring slum areas to minimize the likelihood of such incidents.

Естественное движение населения Коми АССР в 1946–1959 годах

The paper deals with the natural movement of the population of the Komi ASSR in 1946-1959. The post-war period was the most pronounced stage of the demographic transition in the republic. The problems of statistical accounting of the population movement in the post-war years are considered. The dynamics of absolute and relative indicators of fertility, mortality, marriage and divorce are analyzed. The influence of gender, age, nationality and type of settlement on the intensity of natural population movement is estimated. The transformation of the structure of causes of mortality, including infant mortality, is considered. Territorial differences in indicators of natural population movement at the level of urban settlements and Village Soviets are revealed.

Development of measles-rubella surveillance health information system in the working area of health center tanjung selor, bulungan district.

The Tanjung Selor Health Center reported 2 laboratory-confirmed negative measles suspected cases that occurred in the Tanjung Selor Hilir urban village area, thus meeting the Discarded Rate target of 80% for North Kalimantan Province. This study aims to design and determine the effectiveness of measles-rubella surveillance applications based on increasing measles suspect case finding. This research used pre-experimental study design and system development with the prototype method. This study was conducted in the working area of the Tanjung Selor Health Center. Samples of research were teachers and children of kindergarten/early childhood, elementary/boarding schools, and private pediatrician health service facilities in the Tanjung Selor Hilir village. The name of the application is SICARE (Sistem Campak Rubella/Measles-Rubella Surveillance) and expected to facilitate monitoring reporting cases of measles rubella. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate t-tests on Stata and then interpreted in the form of tables and narratives. The results showed the frequency of reporting (P=0.010), the difference in case of reporting before and after treatment (P=0.160), the effectiveness of surveillance attributes in schools and private facilities after treatment (P=0.00), and the effectiveness of reporting on Health Center officers (P=0.22). Significant results from the development of the SICARE application are the frequency of reporting and the effectiveness of surveillance attributes in schools and private facilities. It is recommended for health center staff to further develop the application that has been built through optimal planning to improve early detection and rapid response in an active measles-rubella surveillance system.

Implementation of Law Number 23 of 2006 Concerning Population Administration Related to Marriage Certificate Registration in Sanur Urban Village

Generally the registration of marriage as a state recognition of its people and to obtain legal certainty and civil rights of the community. Based on this, the issues raised are How to Implement Law No. 23 of 2006 concerning Population Administration related to Registration of Marriage Certificates in Sanur Village and What are the factors that are obstacles in the Implementation of Law No. 23 of 2006 concerning Population Administration related to Registration of Marriage Certificates in Sanur Village. The research method used is an empirical legal research method, using primary data types and secondary data which are further analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The results of research that has been done conclude that first, marriage that is not recorded will cause harm to certain parties. The resulting consequences of not noted marriage where the married couple did not have authentic evidence that they had carried out a legal marriage. As a result, judging from the juridical aspect, the marriage is not recognized by the government, so it does not have legal force (no legal force). Second, the factors on the implementation of the Population Administration (implementation of the Marriage Act) carried out in Sanur village have not been able to realize the Administration Order, have not fully run well because of the legal factors themselves, Law Enforcement factors, supporting facilities or facilitation factors, community factors, and cultural factors.

PENYUSUNAN NASKAH AKADEMIK PEMEKARAN KELURAHAN KATOBENGKE KECAMATAN BETOAMBARI

The problems of this research are: (1). What problems are faced by the people of Katobengke Village which are the reasons for the need to prepare a Draft Regional Regulation for the Expansion of Katobengke Village? (2). What are the philosophical, sociological and juridical considerations/foundations for drafting the Draft Regional Regulation in question? (3). What are the implications of implementing the Academic Text for Village Expansion which will be regulated in Regional Regulations on the Economic, Socio-Cultural and Environmental Aspects of the Village. The research objectives are: (1). Formulate the problems faced by the Katobengke community of Baubau City which are the reasons for the need to prepare a Draft Regional Regulation for the Expansion of the Katobengke Village. (2). Formulate philosophical, sociological and juridical considerations/foundations for drafting the Draft Regional Regulation for the Expansion of Katobengke Village. (3). Outlining the Implications of Implementing the Academic Text for Urban Village Expansion which will be regulated in Regional Regulations regarding Economic, SocioCultural and Environmental Aspects. The expansion of the Katobegke sub-district in Betoambari District is based on Government regulations. Manuscript of research results (legal studies & other research results) on a particular problem. Manuscript of research results (legal studies & other research results) on a particular problem. As a solution to society's legal problems and needs. (Attachment 1. Law No. 12/2011). Created in the context of preparing the Baubau City Raperda concerning the Expansion of the Katobengke Village. This research is based on normative legal/juridical research, namely highlighting law as something to aspire to (das solen), secondary data sources/library research. Data collection steps include: (a) inventory of regulations per law: (i) related to the formal & material principles of drafting the Draft Regional Regulation; (ii) other relevant legislation; (iii) non-legal materials (b) analysis (qualitative), reduction, explanation, drawing conclusions (Miles & Huberman, 1992). The result of this research is the formation of an academic text and draft regional regulations regarding the formation of Katobengke Village, Betoambari District

Assessing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Risk: Insights from Behavioral Aspects and Home Environmental Conditions

As the provincial capital, Jambi City has witnessed rapid development, evident in the construction of 5,000 housing units between 2019 and 2021 amid the COVID-19 pandemic. However, if left unoccupied, these settlements could potentially become breeding grounds for mosquito larvae, particularly Aedes aegypti, contributing to the escalating dengue cases in the city. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever based on behavioral aspects and environmental conditions. Conducted in the Pinang Merah Alam Barajo Urban Village of Jambi City, this observational analytic study involved 108 randomly selected respondents. The research data underwent analysis using the chi-square test, with statistical significance set at ≤ 0.05. The findings revealed that most community behaviors fell into the 'good' category, including habits like hanging clothes, collecting rainwater around the house, using abate powder in water reservoirs, weekly drainage of water reservoirs, proper disposal of used items, monitoring of larvae through cards, and keeping larvae-eating fish. The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever was significantly associated with hanging clothes indoors (p=0.000), collecting rainwater around the house (p=0.004), and draining water reservoirs once a week (p=0.004). However, no significant associations were found with the use of abate powder (p=0.380), disposing of used goods (p=0.087), monitoring larvae with cards (p=0.134), and keeping fish (p=0.122). In conclusion, the study highlights a strong correlation between dengue hemorrhagic fever and certain behaviors, notably hanging clothes indoors, collecting rainwater around the house, and draining water reservoirs on a weekly basis. Keywords: Dengue, Aedes Aegypti, Behavior, Vector

Decoding vibrant neighborhoods: Disparities between formal neighborhoods and urban villages in eye-level perceptions and physical environment

Vibrant neighborhoods play a pivotal role in the human well-being and social cohesion. However, existing research amalgamates vitality discussions of varied functions, failing to offer nuanced insights for specific neighborhood planning. Another gap emerges from the lack of research focusing on cultivating neighborhood vibrancy based on bottom-up spatial perceptions at the eye-level. Therefore, our study delves into the spatial and temporal disparities in vitality between formal neighborhoods and urban villages. Both real and virtual indicators are employed to measure the physical and digital vitality of neighborhoods. We incorporate eye-level perceptions as a new explanatory variable based on the physical environment. Our findings suggest that real vitality exhibits a modest morning and evening peak on weekends, while virtual vitality continually increases and peaks at night. In addition to enhancing green and enclosed neighborhood environments, improving public transportation options that replace reliance on motorized travel could facilitate formal neighborhood vitality. Regarding urban villages, clear rights-of-way can boost commuting efficiency, spatial accessibility and road safety, while the provision of ample public facilities and public spaces fosters the creation of “15-minute living circles.” The differentiated planning recommendations could offer valuable insights to promote livable neighborhoods and ultimately help to improve human well-being.

Varying mobility adaptation to COVID-19 of residents in urban villages and commodity housing communities: A quasi-experimental analysis in Shenzhen, China

Although studies have explored the travel behavior of residents in informal housing communities in recent years, few have been conducted in the context of a time series before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. This paper tracks individual-level daily mobility response for three months, using an interrupted time series (ITS) quasi-experimental design to infer daily causal effects of COVID-19 and community close-off management on individuals' daily travel distances. This study compares the mobility response to COVID-19 between people living in urban villages and commodity housing communities in Shenzhen, China. The results reveal that urban village residents reduced their travel less, with slower response and recovery rates after the COVID-19 outbreak. The community close-off management was less effective for urban village residents, with a smaller abrupt reduction in mobility and their recovery rate increasing faster during the post-lockdown period. Therefore, urban village residents may have experienced greater limitations in adjusting travel with higher exposure risks during the pandemic, compared with commodity housing residents. The variations in mobility change are significantly affected by some inherent differences between these two groups, even after controlling for their socioeconomic and built environment features. These results provide important insights for designing mobility restriction policies for different housing groups and planning more resilient neighborhoods in the post-COVID era.

Penentuan Jenis dan Wilayah Prioritas Pelayanan Sistem Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik di Kecamatan Rancasari Kota Bandung

Rancasari Subdistrict is located in Bandung City, comprises four urban villages, encompassing 0,19 km2 with six blocks of light slum areas. Slum areas are areas that tend to have more vulnerable environmental conditions due to the minimal availability of environmental infrastructure, one of which is sanitation facilities. Based on this, Rancasari subdistrict needs to determine the type of domestic wastewater management system service and priority service areas. Determination of the service type of domestic wastewater management system is determined based on Attachment 1 of Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Number 4 of 2017, while priority areas are determined based on Bandung City Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2022, Regional Regulations Bandung City Number 10 of 2015, and the area of slum settlements in each village. Rancasari Subdistrict is suitable for on-site system, while the main priority area is Manjahlega Village, then Mekarjaya, Derwati, and Cipamokolan. It is necessary to develop domestic wastewater management system facilities in the main priority area in the form of development of existing communal septic tanks and communal wastewater treatment facility, as well as the closure of piped domestic wastewater disposal facility leading to the Cidurian River to stop open defecation.

Gaofen-2 satellite image-based characterization of urban villages using multiple convolutional neural networks

ABSTRACTRemote sensing has proven to be an invaluable and effective tool for mapping urban areas. However, further efforts are required to fully utilize remote sensing data in mapping the Chinese urban villages (Chengzhongcun), which are characterized by high population density, irregular shapes and a limited view of the sky. In this study, we integrated deep neural network architectures with GaoFen-2 satellite images at a spatial resolution of 1 metre to investigate the feasibility of using FCN, Unet and ResUnet models for monitoring two categories of urban villages. The results indicate that all three deep learning algorithms demonstrate superiority in identifying and classifying urban villages, surpassing outlier identification. The urban village patches in the study areas adhere to the Zipf’s law rule. Particularly, the ResUnet model outperforms FCN and Unet, achieving an overall classification accuracy of over 91% for urban villages. This study suggests that ResUnet is superior to FCN and Unet as it effectively avoids fragmentation and overfitting of individual irregular buildings within urban areas, yielding faster and more accurate results. Overall, this study underscores the significance of the Gaofen-2 dataset as an influential data source for analysing intra-urban structures. Additionally, the implementation of the ResUnet learning algorithm proves to be exceptionally valuable in extracting information across various scales and accurately capturing the intricate nature of irregular urban village patches, even when using satellite images with metre-scale resolution.

Inferring “high-frequent” mixed urban functions from telecom traffic

Precise distinction of mixed functions on urban land is essential for urban studies and planning, while existing methods are limited by high sampling bias, low observation frequency, and lack of semantic information in common data sources. In this paper, we introduce a new proxy for human behavior, the telecom traffic data as a remedy to the above limitations, and present an analytical framework which utilizes anonymized and aggregated telecom traffic data to infer mixed urban functions at spatiotemporal granularities as fine as buildings and hours. A time-series decomposition method is designed to map the mixture of urban functions, which is further refined by a hierarchical agglomerative clustering method taking urban textures as an additional source of information. In a case study in Shenzhen, China, we find the function of urban buildings can be decomposed into the mixture of three basic functions, namely dwelling, work, and recreation. We further find that the introduction of urban texture information helps identify particular forms of functional combination, which indicate special-function buildings such as urban villages and roadside shops. This study implies ways to improve urban management through methodological contributions in mixed urban function identification alongside the introduction of the telecom traffic, a kind of “high-frequency” urban data, and also helps inspire a rethinking of the form/function dichotomy in the era of “High-frequent” cities.