Problem Of Urban Traffic Congestion Research Articles

Research on Urban Transportation Development Strategy Transition

With the rapid development of the economy, most of our cities have entered a period of rapid development, urban traffic congestion and other problems have become increasingly prominent. In view of the above situation, we specially analyze domestic and international urban transportation development strategy and the formation of traffic pattern; explore the rule of urban transportation development strategy; comprehensively compare and analyze the advanced experience of domestic and international transportation development strategy; sum up urban transportation development strategy transition mode, the future developing trend and some macro traffic control strategy. It indicates the direction of alleviating urban traffic congestion and promotes the development of modern cities sound and rapid.

Unification of Logistic Demands of Small-scale Enterprises as Solution of Urban Traffic Congestion Problem

The development of information and telecommunication technologies, apart from accelerating the information flows, increasing efficiency on the market and other business changes, results also in the reduction of the number of employees in companies. With the application of new information and telecommunication technologies even companies with a single employee in certain activities (publishing, counselling, tourism, etc.) can successfully compete with larger companies, which leads to an increased number of logistic service demands. A large number of small enterprises create a large number of small orders which have to be delivered in the same unit of time, thus causing increased congestion of roads, especially in urban areas. Although information transport, due to the mentioned technologies, has become to a large extent virtual, the transport of people and cargo continues to operate in a three-dimensional space (recognizing the time dimension as an important factor for calculating the business efficiency). The application of the model from the paper makes it possible to confirm the thesis of increased traffic congestion as consequence of the technological development and to emphasise the need to find a solution in the form of logistic and distribution centres for small and mid-size enterprises. The companies that offer logistic and distribution services may become centres for small and mid-size enterprises, thus offering a solution that maintains the speed and efficiency and avoids costs of congestions and delays.

How Rapidly should Developing Countries Implement Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to Solve the Growing Urban Traffic Congestion Problem?

How Rapidly should Developing Countries Implement Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to Solve the Growing Urban Traffic Congestion Problem?

Social Diffusive Impact Analysis Based on Evolutionary Computations for a Novel Car Navigation System Sharing Individual Information in Urban Traffic Systems

In this study, an experiment to establish a model for human-environment social systems, a multi-agent simulation model to deal with urban traffic congestion problems involving automobiles embedded with several strategies of car navigation systems (CNS), is presented. A shortest time route with route information sharing strategy (ST-RIS) is believed to be one of the solutions for a novel CNS based on bilateral information shared among automobile agents. We assume several strategies including ST-RIS for agents, which are defined differently in terms of their information-handling process. The question of which strategy is most appropriate for solving urban traffic congestion can be seen as a social dilemma, because social holistic utility may conflict with an agent's individual utility. The presented model shows that this social dilemma can be observed as a typical chicken-type dilemma, or as a typical minority game, where an agent who has adopted a minority strategy can earn more utility compared to when other strategies are used. Consequently, the model has illustrated that shortest time route with partial route information sharing strategy (ST-pRIS), which is an advanced strategic form of ST-RIS in which only partial information is shared among agents, has moderate potential to be diffused in a society from the viewpoint of the evolutionary game theory.

Long-Term Monitoring and Safety Evaluation of A Metro Station During Deep Excavation

The subway systems play a vital role in alleviating the urban traffic congestion problem. Recently, lots of underground railway transportation networks have been opened to operation or are being constructed in major cities of China. Due to the complexity and uncertainty inherent in excavation activities, metro station excavations brings a challenge to civil engineering communities and poses threat to the public safety in metropolitan regions. The stability of deep excavation and adjacent buildings has gained highlighted concerns during metro station construction. A viable and practical way to ensure the construction safety is by executing real-time monitoring strategy with the aid of advanced sensing and signal processing technologies.In this paper, the design and implementation of a long-term monitoring and safety evaluation system for the deep excavation of a metro station has been addressed. A software platform has been developed for analyzing and processing monitoring data based on the concept of dynamic construction inverse analysis, which includes the database system, the dynamic construction feedback system, and the deformation forecasting system. Field monitoring results in various categories during deep excavation are presented. After examining the field measurement results, the following conclusions are drawn: (i) the deformation of the diaphragm wall and ground surface settlements increased with the excavation depth; (ii) the location of the maximum horizontal displacement moved downward to the excavation face during excavation; (iii) the axial forces of struts transferred from the first row to the others during excavation; and (iv) the monitoring results indicate that the braced excavation remained overall stable at the construction stage.

Making Congestion Pricing Equitable

Transportation policy makers increasingly consider congestion pricing a promising option for addressing urban traffic congestion problems. Although some congestion pricing projects have been undertaken in the United States, many proposals have been rejected because of concerns that congestion pricing is inequitable. This paper identifies and assesses ways of making congestion pricing equitable. The authors review notions of equity applicable to congestion pricing and explore the equity issues that arise in the context of cordon and area pricing systems and high-occupancy toll lanes.

Urban mobility worldwide—how does it look today?

When Traffic in Towns 1 was published in 1963, the UK motor-vehicle fleet was probably as large a proportion of the world fleet as it has ever been or has been since. While motorisation had proceeded apace in North America in the 1930s, it had not really taken off elsewhere. The UK was one of the first countries outside the US to see a rapid burgeoning in motor-vehicle ownership after the Second World War, with the number of cars growing by 280% and road traffic by 190% between 1938 and 1963. In 1963, the UK road-vehicle fleet comprised almost 7% of the world total. Today it is a little over 4%. It is not surprising, therefore, that we saw the urban traffic-congestion problem as something that was characteristically British. Today, urban traffic-congestion from motor vehicles is to be found in many countries and, severe as our problems can be, it is in cities such as Bangkok, Mexico City, Cairo and Delhi where the largest incidences of urban traffic-congestion are to be found. This paper looks at urban travel in different parts of the world to see how the problems of actual and incipient mass-motorisation considered in Traffic in Towns 1 are manifesting themselves. It leans heavily on the work done in compiling the report Mobility 2001: World Mobility at the End of the Twentieth Century and its Sustainability 2 for the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, produced by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (to which the author was the senior transport consultant) and Charles River Associates, but the arguments and conclusions here are the responsibility of the author alone.

Urban mobility worldwide?how does it look today?

When Traffic in Towns1 was published in 1963, the UK motor-vehicle fleet was probably as large a proportion of the world fleet as it has ever been or has been since. While motorisation had proceeded apace in North America in the 1930s, it had not really taken off elsewhere. The UK was one of the first countries outside the US to see a rapid burgeoning in motor-vehicle ownership after the Second World War, with the number of cars growing by 280% and road traffic by 190% between 1938 and 1963. In 1963, the UK road-vehicle fleet comprised almost 7% of the world total. Today it is a little over 4%. It is not surprising, therefore, that we saw the urban traffic-congestion problem as something that was characteristically British. Today, urban traffic-congestion from motor vehicles is to be found in many countries and, severe as our problems can be, it is in cities such as Bangkok, Mexico City, Cairo and Delhi where the largest incidences of urban traffic-congestion are to be found. This paper looks at urban travel in different parts of the world to see how the problems of actual and incipient mass-motorisation considered in Traffic in Towns1 are manifesting themselves. It leans heavily on the work done in compiling the report Mobility 2001: World Mobility at the End of the Twentieth Century and its Sustainability2 for the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, produced by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (to which the author was the senior transport consultant) and Charles River Associates, but the arguments and conclusions here are the responsibility of the author alone.

Stochastic system modeling and optimal control of incident-induced traffic congestion

Incident-induced traffic congestion is a critical issue in formulating urban traffic congestion problems, and also a major cause that contributes to the invalidity of traffic signal control. This paper presents a prototype of real-time local signal control method, and explores its applicability in alleviating incident-induced traffic congestion on the roadway between two adjacent intersections for incident management. The architecture includes two major parts: 1. (1) formulating time-varying lane traffic state variables and control variables under conditions of lane-blocking incidents with a discrete-time non-linear stochastic model, and 2. (2) developing a real-time control algorithm for predicting dynamically control variables. To generate efficiently traffic data used in model tests, we employed the Paramics microscopic traffic simulator, which is developed to model and analyze ITS traffic flow conditions. According to the measures of two proposed space-based incident-impact indexes, the preliminary test results indicate the superiority of the proposed real-time signal control method in comparison with fixed-time signal control modes which are currently used at the study site. We do expect that this study can stimulate research on incident management, and extend to network-wide incident-responsive traffic control for the development of advanced traffic management systems (ATMS).

On the Move: Córas Iompair Éireann 1945-95

The beginning of the railways in Ireland is the starting point for this major work on a significant Irish institution, Coras Iompair Eireann - the national public transport organisation. The troubled stories of the railways is outlined, through to the political controversy that attended CIE's birth in 1944. The rise of the motor car and the privately-owned lorry affected the demand for public transport and the author describes CIE's struggle with an inherently conflicting mandate which required it to serve an undefined 'national interest' while meeting sometimes arbitrary financial targets. Conversion of railways from steam to diesel power, unsuccessful efforts by the Dublin and Belfast governments to preserve the Great Northern Railway, bitter protests at various railway closures, the saga of the canals and of CIE's hotels, are all recorded. Bus operations also feature, including the Van Hool and Bombardier stories, the success of Expressway, growing urban traffic congestion and industrial relations problems, particularly concerning one-person bus operation.

Real‐Time Traffic Diversion Model: Conceptual Approach

The development of advanced traffic-management systems as a major component of intelligent vehicle/highway systems is targeted to address the complex problem of urban traffic congestion. The strategy includes real-time diversion of traffic during congestion-causing events, by making efficient use of the available capacities in the highway network. A conceptual framework for executing real-time diversions is presented in this paper. The strategy envisages on-line control and management of traffic through control centers and their surveillance equipment. The approach relies on real-time traffic data to detect incidents and develop rerouting plans to benefit motorists. For this purpose, a model has been developed to estimate traveler destinations from traffic data. The dynamic nature of the problem is captured through a traffic assignment/simulation model, which can predict traffic conditions that would prevail in the alternate routes. A knowledge-based expert system is also proposed to estimate traffic delays, and to evaluate and choose alternate routes. This research is being applied to the northern Virginia urban area as a case study.

Commuter welfare approach to high occupancy vehicle lane evaluation: An exploratory analysis

Exclusive high occupancy vehicle lanes, which have become a popular method of addressing the problem of urban traffic congestion, are often justified on the basis of inappropriate measures of effectiveness, and limited analyses. This paper demonstrates a theoretically consistent and defensible approach of high occupancy vehicle lane evaluation based on consumer welfare theory. The potential suitability of this welfare approach is illustrated in the context of a dynamic traffic equilibrium model.

Issues of the electronic road pricing system in Hong Kong

This paper attempts to examine the issues relating to the experiment of the world's first pilot scheme on Electronic Road Pricing System in Hong Kong. A brief review on theories on road pricing and a description on the technical components as well as an analysis on the social, economic, political and environmental impacts of the system are given. It intends to generate further research and analysis on the system's applicability in tackling urban traffic congestion problems.

Planning Public Mass Transportation

Well planned and operated public transportation offers a major means of overcoming the chronic and growing urban traffic congestion problem. Future forms of urban development can assume several patterns, prominent among them being the fusion of nearby cities or metropolitan areas to form superregions. Public transit has a complementary role to that of the private automobile, and can function most effectively at times and places of peak volume demands. A wide variety of transit techniques and facility types are available in urban planning, and important new ones are on the horizon or in process of current development. The transportation planning process is outlined. The background, bases, and types of federal programs of assistance to urban transportation are examined. Important current transit developments and federal demonstration grants are noted. The Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 is specifically outlined. Potential public transportation planning development techniques and facilities of the future are reviewed.