Urban Modernity Research Articles

Bangkok: 1999- 2542. Examining the Legacy of the Sixth Edition of “Cities on the Move”

“Cities on the Move” was an itinerant art exhibition curated by Hans-Ulrigh Obrist and Hou Hanru that versed about modern urbanity in Asia. The sixth edition took place in 1999 in Bangkok, a city that was still recovering from a severe financial crisis. At that time, the Thai capital lacked exhibition venues fit for international shows.However, such inconvenience turned into an opportunity to display the artworks right at the urban realm for which they had been created. The event took place in a non-Western setting at the cusp of its particular stance of Postmodernity, at a time when globalization was in its nascent stages and the rise of China was a mere promise. The curatorial manifest, as well as the setup of the itinerant show, was markedly influenced by architect Rem Koolhaas and his vision about the upcoming development of Asia. To date, the Bangkok event has not received the same attention as other editions that enjoyed better support and attention by worldwide critics. Almost twenty-five years later, we examine through the lens of architecture the conditions that accompanied the Sixth Edition of “Cities on the Move”, assessing the significance of its legacy as a pivot moment in contemporary art and urban studies in Asia.

Next-Generation Urban Intelligence: Integrating 6G Communication and Blockchain Technology for Smart City Advancements

The process of modern urbanization necessitates significant advancements in social, environmental, and economic aspects to enhance the overall quality of life in cities. This evolution has given rise to the concept of "Smart Cities." The incorporation of cutting-edge technologies such as blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and other innovative communication systems has accelerated the progress towards the establishment of the sixth-generation communication intelligence, commonly known as 6G.Connected to the blockchain in smart cities is a crucial key, and researchers conducted an in-depth analysis of prior research to elucidate the pivotal contributions, ensuring a clear understanding of the state-of-the-art in sixth generation blockchain for smart cities. This study aims to pave the way for future research by examining key technologies, scenarios, challenges, and associated issues. Exploring the obstacles in deployment that require resolution before the implementation of block intelligence in 6G networks, this study aims to establish a foundational understanding for forthcoming advancements in blockchain technology within this generation. The paper outlines prospective research areas critical for the evolution of blockchain in the 6G era. Additionally, it addresses the challenges associated with integrating blockchain amidst the advancements in computing and mobile communication technologies, offering insights into the complexities that need to be navigated for a successful efficiency.

Research on the Innovation of Institutional Mechanisms for Urban-Rural Integration Development in Henan Province in the Context of New Urbanization

Abstract Promoting the integrated development of both rural and urban locations in the context of new urbanization is a major strategic initiative for comprehensively building a socialist modernized country and achieving coordinated development across regions. The first section of this essay focuses on the significance of modern urbanization and urban-rural combined development, as well as their interactions and internal dynamics. Second, using the province of Henan as an example, it constructs an indicator evaluation system, calculates indicator weights using the entropy value method, and analyzes the development comprehensive evaluation index in order to assess the degree of new urbanization and urban-rural integration development. In the end, a coupling degree of coordination model is constructed to examine the coupling cooperation between new urbanization and urban-rural combined development. Specific suggestions are given to innovate institutional systems that promote urban-rural integrated growth in Henan Province. The overall urban-rural integrated Henan Province’s development index exhibits an upward trend between 2010 and 2020; the comprehensive index increased from 0.1548 to 0.8628, with an average annual growth rate of almost 23.84%.In Henan Province, the value of coupling among the two systems of new urbanization and urban-rural integrated development has grown from 0.932 to 0.985, which is at a high degree of coupling. Urban-rural interaction will be realized, and the efficiency of urban-rural coordinated growth will be increased if the urban-rural built development approach in Henan Province is implemented based on local conditions, scientific positioning, and accelerating the melding of production and urbanization.

Research on the Conservation and Utilization of Landscape Heritage in Modern Urban Parks in Shenyang, China

The transition analysis and type division of landscape heritage are the effective management methods to achieve the overall conservation and targeted utilization of modern urban parks. In this study, Shenyang Zhongshan Park, the first modern urban park in Shenyang, was taken as the research object to explore the historical and cultural value of modern urban parks in Northeast China. The current status and transition characteristics of landscape heritage were analyzed, and the landscape heritage types were divided by their conservation and utilization evaluations. A total of 44 landscape heritages existed in Shenyang Zhongshan Park, including three categories, i.e., 15 historic sites, 20 cultural comprehensive sites, and 9 natural sites. Based on the IPA model, the landscape heritage was further divided into three subcategories, i.e., already designated for conservation (ADC), should be designated for conservation (SDC), and should be restricted scale (SRS). ADC was composed of one historic (Chiyoda water tower), two cultural comprehensive (water sources), and three natural (ancient trees) landscape heritages. SDC was a landscape heritage with long construction age, high importance, poor conservation, and high utilization, which can represent the cultural characteristics of the park and the need to speed up the improvement of its protection system. SRS weakened the cultural characteristics of the park. Its construction intensity should be reduced to highlight the core themes of the park (i.e., historical and cultural themes). In the future, modern urban parks should be conserved and utilized based on identifying different landscape heritage types. This study provides a theoretical basis for the management and development of modern urban parks from the perspective of conservation and utilization of landscape heritage.

Retracing a Historical Waterway and its Impact on the Community Life of Tangail City, Bangladesh

Modern urbanism is consuming significant features of the land comprehensively to accommodate the massive population to accelerate economic growth. The navigation system of the Bengal Delta is one of the most affluent and beneficiary features in Bangladesh. Tangail is a city near the capital of Bangladesh (Dhaka) situated on the bank of the Louhojong River. In the colonial period, there was an essential canal through the town, which inspired and shaped the core layout of the city. Several historically important pieces of architecture were also built on both sides of the canal. This study traces the lost navigation and only historically important riparian landscape, architecture, and community spaces, which was spatially connected by the water source. The study emphasizes social and urban interaction with landscape and architecture. It takes the help of mapping and qualitative research to simulate the community activities of the colonial city. The research illustrates the impact of a water source on a community-responsive city. An analysis of how the city consumed the most important historical evidence can be visualized through illustrations based on the demonstrations of a local history-conserving organization and the evidences collected from local inhabitants.

Fear and Awe in the Vertical City: the Affective Space of "Going High"

Vertical cities are the hallmark of modern urbanization, and since their origin have represented the global places of progress, power and affluency. As skyscrapers and towers soar around the world, in an ever-increasing quest for height, the space of cities changes, affording its inhabitants with new, powerful affects. Yet not all emotions produced by the verticality of buildings are positive: together with the awe and wonder of the challenge to the sky, fear and anxiety also make their way into the urban subjects’ embodied experiences. In this paper, I enucleate some of the spatial dynamics of verticality, and discuss the pros and cons of this model of urbanization, together with some of its further implications, such as the repercussions on density and sustainability

Digital Smart Manufacturing Context Urban Street Space Design Landscape Elements Retrofit Analysis

INTRODUCTION: With the growth of the economic level, China's urban residents' urban living standards are also increasingly high, which has produced the story of an urban street space design to improve the requirements. Moreover, with intelligent manufacturing and other computer technology to enhance the efficiency of various industries, smart manufacturing applied to urban spatial design landscapes also has a prototype.
 OBJECTIVES: To improve the level of digitization in China, the application of intelligent manufacturing in urban street space design; to promote the transformation of urban landscape elements, urban modernization will increase the level; to solve the problem of the urban environment improvement and economic development is not synchronized; to promote the modernization of urban development, enhance the level of urban informatization and intelligence.
 METHODS: Firstly establishes the Wells equation of the optimal path of intelligent manufacturing through the technique of theoretical exposition; secondly, analyzes people's demand for urban street space design by using the method of data statistics and analysis; lastly, summarizes the principles to be followed in the creation of urban street space and the construction outlook through case study.
 RESULTS: The Wells equation of the optimal path of smart manufacturing shows that intelligent manufacturing has a significant positive effect on the efficiency of urban street space design; the results of data statistics and analysis show that the current level of urban street space design cannot meet people's growing spiritual and cultural needs; the results of the case study show that the design of urban street space should follow the design principles of safety, closeness to nature, and human-centeredness.
 CONCLUSION: Urban street space design in the context of digital intelligent manufacturing should be done promptly, and the level of urban landscape design should be strengthened to meet people's growing spiritual and cultural needs in the post-New Crown epidemic era.

Ovine invasion: sheep as protest objects and animal agents in the Larzac campaign

Abstract In their posters and in their protests, the peasants of the Larzac deployed sheep to help them fight back against the French Army’s plans to expropriate them from the land as part of the expansion of a local military base. In Paris, as in regional courtrooms, sheep served as a visible and disruptive contrast to urban modernity, emblematized in ovine invasions which invited animals to make themselves heard (and smelt) in courtrooms, townhalls and even beneath the Eiffel Tower. This article considers sheep as objects and agents of protest in the Larzac campaign, showing how they embodied contested visions of rural modernity, offered both opportunities for and shaped new methodologies of protest, and came to characterize the way in which this pacifist campaign resonated internationally.

Utilizing Digital Art Virtual Reconstruction Technology in the Construction Industry for Modern Urban Landscape Sculpture Planning and Design

Utilizing Digital Art Virtual Reconstruction Technology in the Construction Industry for Modern Urban Landscape Sculpture Planning and Design

A system dynamics-based synergistic model of urban production-living-ecological systems: An analytical framework and case study.

Human-land coordination represents urbanization and is a key component of urban modernization. In this study, the theory of system dynamics was introduced, in which a "production-living-ecological" complex system was used based on the human-land coordination concept. Moreover, the characteristics of system dynamics of causal cycle, dynamic and sustainable development, man-land synergy, integrity and openness, and self-organization and adaptability were analyzed by dividing it into three subsystems: urban production, urban living, and urban ecological subsystems. Here, causal feedback and system structure flow diagrams were designed using causal loop diagrams and system structure flow diagrams to evaluate the causal relationships between variables and quantitatively analyzing their interactions between variables and predicting the future development of variables. Changsha City, China was selected as the case study area, where we constructed system dynamics practice equation model was then constructed to determine the interaction between the subsystems. Our findings indicate that by the year 2035 in the future, the overall trend of factors influencing the function of the subsystems such as population, GDP and built-up area are positively correlated with an increasing trend, and there are interactions between. Furthermore, these factors interact with each other, and a mutual correlation was found among the production-living-ecological functions system, Therefore, this study provides a novel perspective and exploratory practice for the study of the synergistic coupling of ecological, production, and living functions of cities and evaluating high-quality development of cities. Thus, the coupling and coordination of urban production, living and ecological functions reflects the coupling and coordination of the "people-land" relationship, which is the key to high-quality urban development.

현대 도시공간에서의 교회 정체성과 비전 - 사회적 인프라로서 교회유형과 비전탐색 -

현대 도시공간에서의 교회 정체성과 비전 - 사회적 인프라로서 교회유형과 비전탐색 -

The Coupling and Coordination of Urban Modernization and Low-Carbon Development

In the context of global resource scarcity, the integrated and coordinated development of urban modernization and low-carbon development is becoming more and more crucial. In order to calculate the degree of coupling coordination between urban modernization and low-carbon growth in 31 Chinese provinces from 2010 to 2021, this paper thoroughly applies the entropy approach and coupling coordination model; the geographical correlation of the degree of coupling coordination of various regions was confirmed using the Moran’s I test method; and by utilizing the gray correlation degree model, we examined the elements that affect the degree of coupling coordination between the two in the various provinces. We found that: (1) there are periodic fluctuations in the coupling coordination between the two during the research period, with a general rising tendency year after year; (2) the degree of coupling and coordination between the two shows the characteristics of HH clustering (eastern region) and LL clustering (western region); and (3) the degree of coupling and coordination between the two is influenced by different factors in different regions. Overall, low-carbon variables have a significant impact on the eastern area, but urban modernization factors have a significant impact on the central, western, and northeastern regions. This study can provide policy recommendations for provincial governments in various regions, help identify favorable factors for coordinated development, and improve the role of some influencing factors in a targeted manner, thereby improving the level of urban modernization and low-carbon coordinated development and promoting urban development and ecological harmony.

Paved Over: At the Intersection of Urban Mobility, Class Politics, and the Limits of Power in Mexico City, 1920s-1960s

The mid-twentieth-century history of urban modernization and mobility in Mexico City was intertwined with political violence. It ranged from the forceful clearing of a working-class community to make way for a stadium parking lot to the “slow violence” of denying people access to trolleys to transport their goods or weaponizing transit policy to reward friends and punish rivals. This article shows how these activities reflected the increasingly violent decisions of an indifferent national and local elite rooted in Mexico City’s political reorganization, which created a powerful, centralized, and unelected bureaucracy: the Department of the Federal District. Public officials, engineers, business leaders, everyday citizens, and newspapers contested issues related to urban mobility. These engagements shaped how people lived and moved in the district and were affected by class politics. They also provoked new configurations for democratic intervention that led people to organize, protest, and resist state power in Mexico City.

Measuring Objective Walkability from Pedestrian-Level Visual Perception Using Machine Learning and GSV in Khulna, Bangladesh

Walkability entails measuring the degree of walking activity, a non-motorized mode of active transportation crucial in fast-developing urban settings and combating sedentary lifestyles. While there has been extensive objective research focusing on factors related to the physical environment that influence walkability, there has been a comparatively limited exploration into objectively evaluating a pedestrian’s visual perception. This study in Khulna, Bangladesh, aimed to develop a novel method for objectively measuring walkability based on pedestrian-level visual perception using machine learning. In this research, ResNet, a computer vision model, analyzed 127 panoramic Google Street View images taken at 200-meter intervals from seven major roads. The model, trained with the “deeplabv3plusResnet18CamVid” algorithm, quantified five selected visual features. The results, including walkability rankings, correlation analysis, and spatial mapping, highlighted that greenery and visual enclosures significantly influenced the walkability index. However, the impact of other visual features was less distinctive due to an overall poor streetscape condition. This study bridged the gap between human perception and scientific intelligence, allowing for the evaluation of previously “unmeasurable” streetscape designs. It provides valuable insights for more human-centered planning and transportation strategies, addressing the challenges of modern urbanization and sedentary behavior.

PHILOSOPHY OF HUMAN EXISTENCE IN THE URBANIZED ENVIRONMENT

The existential and socio-psychological threats to human bodily and emotional existence are observed in the urbanized environment, and the origins of the modern urban crisis are discovered. The author attempts to assess the danger and consequences of urbanization for modern human society. The paper formulates a typology of urban activism in the context of socio-philosophical discourse.
 The aim of the research is philosophical comprehension of human existence in an urbanized environment. In accordance with the purpose, the tasks are outlined: to characterize the “city man”; to identify the contradictory consequences of urbanization for a modern Human; to determine the influence of urbanization atpeople’s lifestyle; to analyze the typology of the activities of city residents which(the activities) transform the urban environment in the context of modern urbanism.
 Object: urbanism as a socio-philosophical phenomenon, subject: the existential dimension of Human in an urban environment.
 Methodology. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods were used: analysis and synthesis, analogies, classifications, as well as philosophical methods of cognition (dialectical and hermeneutic). The method of generalization of philosophical and sociological issueswas applied and in particular by using interdisciplinary approach. The means of visual anthropology (cinematography, photography) are engaged in the study to analyze the documentary series “Homo Urbanus” whichis of special scientific value as a source of important social knowledge.
 The originality of the study: the existential crisis was studied in the focus of urban anthropology, a classification of types of urban activism was proposed. Practical application. The results of the study can be applied in the future interdisciplinary research, as well as in the urban anthropology studies, in the research of the mutual influence of the city and man, as well as of separate topics of educational courses (“Urban Studies”, “Philosophy”, “Sociology”, “Anthropology”, “Aesthetics of Architecture and Design”, etc.).

Public Gardens and Well-Being: The Case of the Raffaoui Archaeological Garden of Setif, Algeria

The existence of a space dedicated to nature and gardens in the city enhances the living environment of its inhabitants, preserves biodiversity, and limits urban pollution. This work is based on the analysis of Raffaoui Garden (Ex-Barral) and its location in the historical city center of Setif, Algeria. It is one of the historical markers of the city’s stratification of civilizations, marked by the archaeological character of the nymph inherited from the Roman period. In this study, the methodology used is based on a combination of a historical approach, observation, and a questionnaire addressed to the users of the garden. The first results show the importance of nature as an element of differentiation through the aesthetics it brings to the historic center of Setif. They also reveal the lack of urban furniture necessary in this kind of public space. From a functional point of view, the frequentation and use of the park are mainly limited to 50- and 60-year-olds, former residents, and some visitors, despite its location in the city center. This study confirms the environmental benefits of public gardens in terms of mitigating heat islands and improving air quality, although they offer a space cleared by urban planning in the city center. The improvement of their attractiveness can encourage visitors to walk there, observe the local life, or simply contemplate the ecological quality of these spaces and, in particular, the archaeological heritage that coexists with the modern urbanization of Setif.

Exploring the Spatial Expression of New Meticulous Figure Painting

Painting space is an important component of painting in visual arts. This paper takes the spatial expression form of "New Meticulous Painting" as the starting point, first briefly expounds the concepts of "New Meticulous Figure Painting" and "Painting Space", and summarizes and refines the general presentation methods of "New Meticulous Figure Painting" on the visual screen. For example, it has the characteristics of "Surreal Atmosphere", "Grey Tone", "Weakened Lines" and "Rich in Modern Urban Elements". Secondly, I try to understand the diversity of spatial expression forms of figure painting in the context of "New Meticulous Painting", combine my own creative works with practice, and make a multi-dimensional deconstruction analysis of the composition of painting language forms of spatial expression in the visual picture of my own works, aiming at exploring the artistic concept and technique composition of painting creation, so as to give the author more ideas and possibilities for his own creation.

Research on the Impact of Digital Economy Empowerment on Urban Modernization in the Yellow River Basin

With the rapid development of information technology, the digital economy, as an important engine of the global economy, is profoundly reshaping the path of urban modernization. This paper will take the Yellow River Basin as a case study, focusing on exploring how the digital economy can empower urban modernization development. How the empowerment of the digital economy affects all aspects of cities directly and indirectly. As one of the key driving forces for global economic development today, the digital economy has promoted industrial upgrading and innovation, injecting new vitality into the urban economy. At the same time, the widespread application of digital technology has greatly improved the ecological environment quality and social governance level of cities. This paper provides useful insights and suggestions for the process of urban modernization through in-depth research on the impact of digital economy empowerment on urban modernization in the Yellow River Basin.

Paris, origin of urban modernism

ABSTRACT The significant change in urban space in Paris during the Second French Empire is an example of modern urban and architectural planning. Paris was modernized by a powerful planning entity, represented by the state, as well as a clear goal and consistent plan to realize the city beautification plan. The modernization process of Paris was a high-level movement that created a new urban culture through physical urban space planning, which is a combination of ‘urbanism’, meaning French urban planning, and ‘modernism’, meaning urban art movement. The modernization of Paris is defined by the concept of ‘urban modernism’. The urban modernism of Paris is a movement with strong norms aimed at city beautification that has sustainable characteristics in urban space planning. Consequently, urban modernism remains the basis of modern and future Paris city planning and plays an important role in maintaining the unique urban cultural identity of Paris.

Modernism in the present tense: “Dangerous” Scandinavian suburbs and their hereafters

Has modernism evolved from a means to create a utopian future to an architectural discontent co-opted for racist purposes? The planners who built mid-20th century Scandinavian, modernist suburbs conceived of them as places of innovation, possibility, and visionary thinking. By the 1970s, however, this assessment had shifted dramatically: near-monolithic media and popular representations depicted environments of failure, insecurity, and ugly architecture – despite the half-finished states of the projects at the time. As these opinions evolved into “facts,” the areas became linked to ideas of intractably dangerous designs and, later, dangerous people. This set the stage for near-continuous physical and social interventions, beginning in the 1970s and continuing into the present. Today, in Sweden and Denmark, modernist neighborhoods are labeled “problem areas,” “concrete suburbs,” “vulnerable areas,” or even “ghettos,” where residents, often with family histories of migration, live in so-called “parallel societies.” Politicians have persistently positioned them as perilous places that never joined the present. This attitude renders them symbolically malleable sites, paving the way for recent radical densifications, privatizations, and demolitions, whereby the (half-century) histories of these suburbs are typically ignored. This history of the recent past focuses on how the “blame” for the problems of modernist urbanism – especially around perceived dangers – has shifted from buildings to people to a politically convenient combination of the two, or what I label “hereafters.” I contend that discourses of “unfinished” and “dangerous” places with “criminal” residents have made modernist urbanism a perfect target for xenophobic political discourse, where buildings and landscapes have become scapegoats for less socially acceptable feelings and concerns. Yet caricatures of modernist suburbs as “dangerous” obscure the fact that these supposedly failed cities of the future are now, decades later, places with both long histories and abundant everyday life. I therefore call for new “hereafters” for modernist suburbs: narratives that understand them as living neighborhoods in the present tense.