Urban Land Intensive Use Research Articles

Land management institution as a key confinement of urbanization in Baotou, China⿿Application of proposed endogenous urbanization model

China has been experiencing rapid urbanization, with a large amount of rural land converted into urban land, leading to debate by researchers and governments. This study investigates the endogenous factors influencing urban expansion and quantifies their effects to promote intensive and sustainable urban land use in order to realize new-type urbanization, by employing GIS technology and an endogenous growth model. The simulation results explain the expansion of urban land in the case of Baotou city, China. The result shows that the land management institution(LMI) has played a critical role in urban land expansion in Baotou city. Its multiplier effect reaches 0.166, which means a one percentage point increase in the strength of LMI leads to a 0.166% increase in urban land area. The presented analysis reveals four main findings. Firstly, the major factors influencing urban expansion are (LMI), urban disposable income per capita, the secondary and tertiary industry, technological progress, and population density. Secondly, LMI has a critical influence on urban expansion. Thirdly, technological progress has a positive effect on urban expansion by merging into the secondary and tertiary industry. Finally, population density and the tertiary industry have a dampening effect on urban expansion. According to the analysis, we suggest that the central government in China should regulate the behavior of local governments to reduce principal⿿agent risk, as they hold the state land property rights as the trustee of the public. Meanwhile, the government should pay more attention to guiding technological progress by promoting industrial transformation and economic quality, not just focusing on economic quantity, especially for resource-based cities.

Coupling Coordination Analysis of Urban Land Intensive Use Benefits Based on TOPSIS Method in Xianning City

With the theory and method of general system science, the paper, by taking Xianning City as a case study, established coupling coordination theoretical models of socio-economic benefits and eco-environmental benefits of urban land intensive use, then analyzed socio-economic benefits and eco-environment benefits of urban land intensive use, coupling degree and coupling coordinative degree between urban land intensive use socio-economic and eco-environmental by using the statistical data during 1999-2010. The results showed that: (1) The socio-economic benefits of urban land intensive use increased rapidly, however, the eco-environmental benefits of urban land intensive use increased in a fluctuation; (2) The coupling degrees of urban land intensive use socio-economic benefits and eco-environmental benefits was at an antagonism development stage, the coupling degrees decreased slowly; (3) The coupling coordination degree of urban land intensive use socio-economic benefits and eco-environmental benefits experienced moderate coordination level and high coordination level.

Intensive Use of Urban Land in New Urbanization for China: Issue and Solution

Urbanization is a dynamic progressive phase in industrialization process, reflecting a country's level of modernization. Based on the circumstances of both great population and less land, the traditional extensive expansion mode of urbanization is not suitable for sustainable development for China. Therefore, China should take the road of intensive land use in new urbanization, that is, to increase the capacity of city, to conserve land, to protect arable land and to improve comprehensive social welfare to form the best combination of resource protection with sustainable economic development.

Quantitative measuring and influencing mechanism of urban and rural land intensive use in China

Land use issue is an important constraining force to limit economic sustainable development of China. Urban and rural rapid expansion depletes valued land resources under the background of rapid urbanization. An extensive use pattern might cause a serious waste of land resources. The study on influencing mechanism of land intensive use (LIU) in China at the county level is a key tool for effective LIU practice and policy-making. This paper uses OLS model, Spatial Panel Lagged model and Spatial Panel Error model to quantitatively analyze the influencing mechanisms of five class factors and 17 variables supported by GIS (Geographic Information System) and MATLAB. And a comprehensive data set was developed including physical geography and socio-economic information of 2286 counties. Meanwhile, the spatiotemporal pattern of LIU has discussed by means of GIS. The results show that Spatial Panel Data models are slightly superior to OLS model in terms of significance and confidence level. Regression results of these models indicate that industrialization, urbanization, economic development level, location, transportation and policy have significant impact on LIU of counties. The variables of physical geography are less significant than socio-economic variables. An ignored variable of historical factor, however, became the best significant factor. In the future, the LIU at the county level should take advantage of the new situation by enhancing favorable factors and reducing disadvantageous ones, which can be acquired by improving the entire level and quality of industrialization and urbanization. We argued that an efficient and complete land market and operating system should be built to reflect market-oriented activities at the first place, then, differential LIU regulation policies and measurements should be optimized according to regional differences. In the meantime, we should pay close attention to the carrying capacity of local resources and environments when conducting LIU practices.

Model for multiple attribute group decision making with uncertain linguistic information

We investigate the multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in which the attribute values take the form of uncertain linguistic variables. Motivated by the idea of power geometric aggregation, in this paper, we develop some uncertain linguistic power geometric aggregation operators: the uncertain linguistic power weighted geometric (ULPWG) operator and the uncertain linguistic power ordered weighted geometric (ULPOWG) operator, and then apply them to multiple attribute group decision making problems with uncertain linguistic information. Finally, an illustrative example for evaluating the urban land intensive use in the Three Gorges reservoir area is given to verify the developed approaches and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.

稠密観測データに基づく晴天弱風の冬季夜間における東京都区部を中心とした気温分布について

Tokyo—one of the largest cities in the world—exhibits intensive urban land use, urban sprawl, and high anthropogenic heat exhaustion, which produce characteristic urban temperature distributions. Typical features of the nocturnal temperature distribution from November to February under conditions of clear skies and weak winds were analyzed for the Tokyo metropolitan-ward area using data from spatially high-density observations from the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System (AMeDAS) of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), municipal air pollution monitoring systems, and Extended-METROS from 2006/2007 to 2009/2010. To analyze the structure of temperature distributions in the Tokyo-ward area, hourly temperature data at 124 stations were interpolated into grid points with 1-km intervals. When high temperatures in central Tokyo were expressed as a difference in AMeDAS temperature between central Tokyo (Otemachi) and an average of four points outside the Tokyo-ward area, the weather conditions most strongly affecting this temperature difference at 06:00 Japan Standard Time (JST), prior to sunrise, were cloud amount followed by wind speed. The temperature difference at night under clear-sky and weak-wind conditions (average cloud amount of 2/10 or less and average wind speed of 3m/s or less) generally showed an abrupt increase during the several hours before and after sunset followed by a gradual increase, reaching maximum levels before sunrise (06:00 JST). When the temperature difference before sunrise was large, the difference would evidently increase even after midnight; however, if this difference was small, it would tend to decrease after midnight. The high temperatures in the metropolitan area were concentrated throughout the night near the southern area of Chuo ward. In particular, it is noted that several zones of steep horizontal temperature gradients were detected in the metropolitan-ward area. These zones (e.g. starting from the southern part of Saitama Prefecture, it appeared through the border between Nerima and Itabashi wards, Toshima, Shinjuku, and the area stretching from western Setagaya to the southwest) appeared during the period several hours before and after sunset, and gradually became more noticeable near sunrise. The distribution of temperature-decrease rate around sunset also showed steep horizontal gradient zones, which corresponded to regions exhibiting steep horizontal temperature gradient zones between the inner city and outer area.

Study on the Coupled Coordination Degrees between Urban Land Intensive Use System and Social Economic Development - A Case of Shandong Province

On the basis of the construction of index system, by the factor analysis and the model of coupled coordination degree, the coupled coordination degrees in 2005 and 2010 between development of urban land intensive use system and social economic system are studied in 17 ground level cities of Shandong province. The first results showed that f (x) and f (y) in 2010 were higher than in 2005, which indicated that the degree of urban land intensive use and development level of the social economy were improved. The second results was that the coupled coordination degree of two systems was higher than in 2005, but if f (x) and f (y) were smaller, the gap in the capacity of comprehensive coordination was larger, the coupled coordination degrees were the smaller. So comprehensive development levels in single system were improved, which could not promote positive development between two systems.

Applying AHP and Maximal Value Normalization to Evaluate Intensity of Urban Land Use in Sujiatun District, Shenyang City

In order to explore the intensive extent of urban land use in Sujiatun District of Shenyang City, the AHP and maximal value normalization were taken to analyze the level of intensive use of urban land. Results indicated that land use is extensive and land functions are mixed in the study area. Land use intensity should be strengthened and more land should be reserved for construction so as to improve the land use efficiency.

Evaluation Research of Land Intensive Use Based on Extension Theory in Xi’an

Based on extension theory, combined with the existing problems of urban land intensive use, evaluation system of urban land intensive use was established. According to the present situation of urban land use in Xi’an, combined with the model, this paper takes extension method to determine the index weight and makes an empirical analysis of urban land intensive use in Xi’an.

Evaluating Land Use Intensification Based on Entropy Method --- A Case Study of Hefei

In this paper, we establish the index system of urban land intensive use evaluation from four aspects: land investment level, land utilization level, land output effect, land use ecological benefits. The entropy method is used to calculate indexes which measure the land intensive utilization in Hefei. According to the comprehensive evaluation model we can draw a conclusion that although the land intensive use level of Hefei was ascending from 2004 to 2008, it is still at low level in 2008. Finally, we make suggestions about how to improve the intensive use level in Hefei with the help of the integrated assessment value of each rule layer. The conclusion indicate that Hefei should solve land utilization problems by setting the target for land intensive utilization, optimizing the land use structure, improving the urban environment, enhancing the land use level, changing the direction of land utilization, only in theses ways the land utilization of Hefei will be intensive.

Study of Urban Land Intensive Use Dynamic and Spatial Difference in Anhui Province

This paper established the comprehensive evaluation system of urban land intensive use from land use investment and output benefit, land use intensity and land use ecological benefit etc. Based onthe statistical data of land use, using principal component analysis, this paper made comprehensive evaluation on the intensive land-use level of 17 cities in Anhui Province from 2004 to 2009 , analyzed the changing situation in space and time. The results showed: (1)The level of urban land intensive use of Anhui Province constantly improved from 2004 to 2009, increasing more than 2 times of the intensive land-use level; (2)the level of urban land intensive use had significant regional differences, the south of the Huaihe River cities having the higher level, and the north of the Huaihe River cities having the lower level; (3)economic development level is the most important external factor affecting the level of urban land intensive use. The level of urban land intensive use is higher in developed areas, such as Hefei , Ma Anshan and Wuhu than other areas.

An Evaluation on Construction Land Intensive Use in Chengdu City

Facing the national conditions that there is a huge number of the population many people but it has very limited land resources. Also the cultivated land resource is shortage. In the process of urbanization, how to improve the land use efficiency? How to intensive utilization of urban land? Discuss these problems for reasonable use limited land resources have important practical significance. What is a city intensive utilization of land? And how to evaluate the urban land use intensive degree? This paper adopts DE Phil method and analytic hierarchy process (ahp), from the present situation of Chengdu city land using, carrying on the intensive use appraisal to Chengdu 05-09 year construction land, including qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Draw Chengdu urban land intensive use level in general is increasing trend, Including 2006 intensive degree is maximum, 05 year, 07-09 year are in relatively intensive use phase. Accordingly forward the countermeasures and proposals to increase the level of land intensive use Chengdu city.

Study on the Intensive Use of Urban Land—A Case Study of Hill Area in the Middle of Sichuan Province

Abstract Combining with the realities of hill area in the middle of Sichuan province, this paper evaluated the intensive use extent of urban land in 38 counties located in seven cities of hill area in the middle of Sichuan province and provided approaches for intensive utilization of land in the above mentioned area, by analyzing selected indexes and established evaluation index system.

Outcomes of longterm deciduous forest restoration in southwestern Ontario, Canada

At present, forest cover in southwestern Ontario, Canada, remains at less than 5% due to intensive agricultural and urban land use. Although much of the extant forest is increasingly protected by legislation, remnants continue to be degraded by the spread of non-native plant species, overgrazing, and recreational use. Some parks in the region have adopted management programs aimed at mitigating this degradation. Over the last 35 years, cottages and roads at Point Pelée National Park have been removed and sites either passively restored (i.e. road or cottage eliminated and vegetation allowed to regenerate) or actively restored (i.e. road or cottage eliminated, exotic vegetation removed, and native species planted). In 1994 and 1995, we assessed the effectiveness of restoration by comparing the understorey plant communities in 28 restored sites with those in less disturbed reference sites. There was a significant increase ( P<0.0001) in the similarity of understorey plant communities between restored and reference sites as time-since-restoration increased. Soil moisture, canopy cover, distance to continuous forest, and site-shape all significantly affected plant species composition. Former road sites recovered significantly ( P<0.05) more rapidly than former cottage sites, and the former lawns of passively restored cottage sites were the slowest to recover. Five years following active restoration, non-native ruderal species continued to dominate restored sites. The observed recovery of understorey plant communities in restored sites is attributed to their proximity to natural vegetation, and its function as a seed source. In some sites, recovery is substantial and, assuming present trajectories of change are maintained, we predict that recovery could occur in many mesic sites within the next 20 years. Restoration activity facilitates forest recovery and would appear to have a valuable function in mitigating ongoing conflicts between conservation and human use in this region.

Modeling the density variations of urban land uses with transportation network congestion

Perhaps the single most distinctive character of urban activity that distinguishes it from rural and regional activities is the intensive use of urban land. While the nature of density variations of urban land uses and their associated land rents are well understood, there have been few operational urban models that explicitly address the density variations of land uses. The paper presents a combined land use-transportation model, in which transportation congestion costs on networks of various transportation modes are simultaneously determined with the efficient intensity level of land uses. The procedure uses a nonlinear programming approach within the context of a multicommodity flow/input-output model.