At this stage, China’s urban population and industries are rapidly gathering, and urbanization continues to increase, creating serious problems for resources and the environment. Among them, PM2.5 and other air pollution problems are the most important. In the early stages of urbanization, due to a series of factors such as urban industrialization, dense population, and traffic congestion, air pollution has been aggravated. At the same time, due to the high population density and high population mobility in most cities, the number of people exposed to pollution is increasing. High pollution and high exposure levels make the city’s health problems significant, and the health problems of these residents inevitably have some economic problems. According to the requirements of China’s health and the requirements of feature integration, inhalation risk assessment of residents’ health risks caused by urban air pollution is very important in planning environmental sanitation policies. This article also analyzes long-distance running training, which is a systematic and scientific training process. To become a long-distance runner, long-term training is required, and the core of the course is the level of education. Starting with youth education is a breakthrough aimed at improving the level of long-distance running in China. In this article, we try to understand the characteristics of adolescents’ long-distance running training and physical fitness management. In the survey of young Chinese long-distance runners, long-distance running coaches and experts are the subjects of the survey, through the use of literature research methods, expert interview methods, and statistical methods. Perform analysis to provide useful references for coaches and players. Through the research of PM2.5 inhalation risk assessment and feature fusion, it is applied to the physical fitness management of long-distance runners, and it has been developed in the field of physical fitness management.