Upward Path Research Articles

A Study of Components of a Development of Emerging New Businesses Along with Start-up Ecosystem & Different Challenges Faced by Startup during the Development Process

Abstract India has gained global attention as a leading country that has seen significant development in the establishment of new businesses, positioning itself as a prominent center for start-ups. The birth and growth of a new businesses are impacted by several components, such as the demand for a new firm, the fundamental concept, location & events, finance sources, education & skills, employees & others. The Indian economy is widely recognized as the fifth biggest in the world when measured by gross domestic product, or the third largest when measured by purchasing power parity. The significance of start-ups in fostering this economy cannot be neglected since they contribute to the upward path of the nation’s economy. This study paper explores the various components involved in the creation of new businesses & their requirement in the process of the development of a start-up ecosystem. It also focus on the many obstacles & challenges that start-ups encounter throughout the development phase.

Превращение Индии в одного из ключевых внешнеторговых партнеров России: причины и перспективы

The article examines the evolution of the USSR's/Russia’s foreign economic relations with India from the moment of independence to the present day. The author draws attention to the complex trajectory of the evolution of foreign economic relations between the two countries, which began an upward path of development in the mid-1950s. The geopolitical core has always been present in Soviet-Indian relations. The Soviet Union provided India with large-scale support in the process of industrialization of the " the world’s largest democracy", sustaining and increasing the country's defense capability, developing scientific research and their practical application. After the Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation of 1971, bilateral relations rose to the level of strategic alliance, which directly affected the intensity of interstate foreign economic relations. After the collapse of the USSR, bilateral relations between India and the "new" Russia entered a period of uncertainty and only since the beginning of this century began a difficult ascent. Events of February 24, 2022 gave a powerful impetus for the intensification of foreign trade relations between the two countries, which require diversification and the real involvement of the regions of both countries in the development of foreign economic activity.

Computational fluid dynamics simulation and performance study of a three-separation combined air classifier

This paper mainly uses ANSYS-FLUENT 19.2 software to simulate the movement of the air-flow in a three-separation combined classifier. The simulation results indicate that the air-flow is uniformly distributed in the V-classifier under the action of dispersion plates and baffles. As the air-flow enters the rotor channel, the tangential velocity of the air-flow increases uniformly and remains stable in the axial direction, providing a stable centrifugal force field for particle classification. From the analysis of the flow field and particle trajectories, the separation interface between the upward path for particles and the downward path for coarse particles is relatively clear. The experimental results with sodium bicarbonate show that the V-classifier has a good pre-classification effect. The rotor cage speeds of 300 rpm and 500 rpm are the best working conditions for the coarse powder and fine powder collection, respectively. This study not only provides a new strategy for the design and development of air classifier, but also provides theoretical guidance for its application in industrial production.

The Power of Divine Beauty: A Study of the Saundarya Lahari

The Saundarya Lahari is a lyrical and yet powerful set of hymns dedicated to the beautiful wife of Shiva. The authorship of the composition is traditionally and almost unanimously ascribed/ attributed to Adi Shankaracharya though some historians believe it was composed sometime after 1000 CE. (Brown, 1958, p. 29) The extensive acceptance of this hymn, over the centuries, is clear from the number of commentaries it has engendered. Even today it is immensely popular among a wide section of followers, in mostly southern India. Hindu hymns and prayers are often potent, arousing the latent powers within the worshipper. Sometimes they contain elements of auto-suggestion and self-hypnosis that help the spiritual aspirant in his upward path through samipya sarupya and sayujyam, that is, by creating a sense of’ “ nearness to the divine”., a desire to acquire the attributes of divinity and ultimate identification of the individual self with the supreme.” (Subramanian, 2011, p. iv) That the devotee begets such a dazzling form – seems to be the raison d’etre of the Saundarya Lahari, which is a direct address and written in the present . It is quite normal in such devotional hymns to portray the goddess as being beautiful but here in this poem the author has made her supremely, unsurpassed outstanding and unparalleled. She is not an ethereal, etiolated beauty but a more human- like, tangible beauty. To observe her beauty is to worship her. This hymn provides a visualization of her form. The beauty insufflates the devotee to feel a transcendence of the goddess and at the same time to experience her life as a doting wife and mother.

Detouring while foraging up a tree: What bull ants (Myrmecia midas) learn and their reactions to novel sensory cues.

Many animals navigate in a structurally complex environment, which requires them to detour around the physical barriers that they encounter. Although many studies in animal cognition suggest that they are able to adeptly avoid obstacles, it is unclear whether a new route is learned to navigate around these barriers and, if so, what sensory information may be used to do so. We investigated detour learning in traveling up a tree in the Australian bull ant, Myrmecia midas, which primarily uses visual landmarks. We first placed a barrier on the ants' upward path. Initially, 46% of foragers were unsuccessful in detouring the obstacle. On subsequent trips, the ants became more successful and established a new route. We observed up to eight successful foraging trips detouring around the barrier. We then tested the same foragers in a series of manipulations, including changing the position of the barrier, making a new gap in the middle of the obstacle, or removing the barrier altogether. The ants mostly showed the same learned motor routine, detouring with a similar path as in the initial trials, suggesting that foragers were not relying on barrier cues and therefore learned a new route around the obstacle. When foragers encountered new olfactory or tactile cues, or the visual environment was blocked; however, their navigation was profoundly disrupted. These results suggest that changing sensory information drastically affects the foragers' navigational performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Review: Ripples of the Universe: Spirituality in Sedona, Arizona, by Susannah Crockford

Review: <i>Ripples of the Universe: Spirituality in Sedona, Arizona</i>, by Susannah Crockford

Ecology, Anti-Christianity, and the Far Right

Ecology, Anti-Christianity, and the Far Right

Hannah Claire Haines, 1891–1974: Not the Average “Militant Female”

Hannah Claire Haines, 1891–1974: Not the Average “Militant Female”

Guidance for Systems-Engineering Processes for Subsea Production Systems

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 31827, “Systems Engineering of Subsea Production Systems,” by Amedeo Marcotulli, Saipem, and David Wilkinson, Endeavor Management. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2022 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. As the complexity and cost of subsea production systems (SPS) has increased during recent decades, the requirement for a more-rigorous, systematic approach toward the engineering of such systems has increased. A systems-engineering (SE) guidance document, specifically written to be applicable to SPS, is being developed by members of API Sub-Committee 17 at the time of writing. The objective of the complete paper is to make potential users of the guidance document aware of the benefits associated with the use of formal SE processes when designing complex facilities. SE Fundamentals Systems engineers exercise a high-level understanding of how system elements work together, visualizing complex systems as a set of subsystems that interact recursively. Recursive relationships are critical in SE and define many hierarchical taxonomies, such as the following: - System components consist of subsystems - Project activities consist of subprojects - Organizations consist of suborganizations - Contracts consist of subcontracts However, an elegance exists in the recursive nature of SE because its processes are self-similar and independent of scale. Its fractal nature allows application of the same process at any level and for any size of project, as shown in Fig. 1. The recursive and iterative nature of SE results in information flows in four directions: - Downward path: Requirement information flows from top to bottom, until the lowest elements are fully defined. - Upward path: Integration information flows from the lowest-level element. - Forward path: Interface information flows across elements that are at the same level, in each level. - Backward path: Feedback information informs the design and realization processes on every iteration for continuous improvement. SE formalizes the interfaces between disciplines, streamlining communications and avoiding rework. SE takes control of the iterations and recursions, thus minimizing waste. Therefore, SE reduces engineering cost while optimizing engineering design. SE requires a mindset more akin to an architect’s duties than to those of an engineer. It requires synthesis more than analysis, involving a top-down view of the system that goes further than an intimate analysis of its parts.

Towards African Renaissance: A Linguistic Study of Ayi Kwei Armah’s Two Thousand Seasons

This study focuses on the exploration of Africa concept of a dream world – a continent marching towards a rebirth, towards that utopia that Joseph Edoki wrote about in The Upward Path (Edoki, 2008). This Africa concept of rebirth does not believe in jumping the gun to get to the utopia, but rather beams the searchlight on the opportunities, challenges and prospects that are littered all along the trajectory of the journey to that utopia Africans look forward to. For long, Africa as a continent was captured in slavery and this took its toll on the people as they developed inferiority complex, low self-esteem, no love loss, among others. Thus, at the expiration of colonialism, so much damage had been done. Ayi Kwei Armah’s Two Thousand Seasons (Armah, 1979) warns against a repeat of the cause of the desolation in the first place, and then illustrates that the only escape route is to return to “The Way” which Africans have lost. Thus, the text is about a people depressed, a people neglected, and a people striving to recover their identity even from the hands of their own people. This paper is a linguistic study of Armah’s Two Thousand Seasons set to investigate the novelist’s level of success in the employment of the creative linguistic features aimed at driving home his message about African struggle for survival on the one hand, and highlighting the difficulties encountered in the course of pursuing rebirth on the other hand. Halliday’s Systemic Functional Approach has been adopted in this work.

Unapređenje komunikacije u funkciji efikasnijeg poslovanja

Business efficiency is not only reflected in the productivity of the company and financial profit, but we must take into account the communication of employees between themselves and management structures within the company. We will see the importance of employees within the company, and the attitude of the employer towards them. The correct approach of the employer towards the employees is of great importance for the prosperity of a company, and here we can see that employees are an inexhaustible resource that the company has. In the following, I have commented a lot on the attitude of the employer towards its employees and I believe that there are many omissions that lead to major problems within the company. After a critical attitude, i tried to bring closer through this work the way of doing business of successful companies that have been on an upward path for a long time, which are their thoughts on internal communication, internal marketing, status and approach to their employees. Further work will show that it takes very little culture and patience of the employer towards employees in order to achieve even greater success in a changing market. Here we will notice how important and significant the influence of employees is in building the name of the company.

Periaortic venous necklace and renal right double arteries; Case report

The case was found on an organic sample consisting of the two kidneys with the renal pedicles and the corresponding segments of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. From the inferior face of the left renal vein, on the lower side of the aorta, a venous branch with an upward path of 8.02 mm was detached, passing on the anterior face of the aorta, passing before its right side, in order to end on the left side of the inferior vena cava, 13.9 mm above the end of the left renal vein in the inferior vena cava, this branch thus describing a periaortic ring (necklace), in which on the left side of the aorta the inferior adrenal vein ends. The periaortic ring (necklace) had a cross-sectional dimension of 3.2 mm and a vertical one of 1.7 cm. On the right side of the aorta, a 2.9 mm venous branch came out of the renal vein, ending on the left side of the inferior vena cava, 1.2 mm above the end of the left renal vein. At the level of the right kidney there were two renal arteries, superior and inferior. Between the two arteries there was an interval of 5.1 cm.

From Nazi victim to honored scientist: The two lives of Jewish anatomist Harry Sicher (1889–1974)

Harry Sicher (1889–1974), longtime professor at Loyola University Chicago, went down in medical history as a pioneering figure in the area of oral anatomy. His groundbreaking textbook “Oral Anatomy” (1949) was published in numerous languages and editions, becoming the most widely read standard work in its area internationally. This was also true for various other works Sicher authored: orthodontists sought his knowledge about cranial and facial growth, oral surgeons used his pioneering work on anatomy for practicing dental block anesthesia, and his work “Bone and Bones” was read by surgeons and orthopedists. By the end of his life, Sicher had accumulated an array of high-profile awards and honors that brought him a great deal of posthumous fame.One aspect of Sicher’s life that remains largely unknown is that the Vienna native was forced to flee the National Socialist regime on account of his Jewish ancestry, which took him to the United States via England. The present article investigates this facet of his life: What were the factors behind Sicher’s forced migration? How did this process unfold? Which factors were decisive for allowing him to develop an illustrious career in the United States despite facing adverse conditions?We approach these questions on the basis of comprehensive archival sources and contemporary printed material. What comes to light is that Sicher was forced to overcome significant setbacks before starting anew in the United States. This included his dismissal from the University of Vienna and subsequent dispossession in 1938, a failed attempt to find a position after settling in England in 1938/39, and the painful loss of his mother, who was deported to the Treblinka extermination camp in 1942.After assuming a new position at Loyola University in 1942, Sicher’s career in anatomy started an upward path of ever-increasing success. Four factors proved to be decisive in this development: Sicher’s strong motivation to learn, his exceptional teaching skills, the unique qualities of his research, and the dense academic network that he was able to connect with, which included other representatives of the “Vienna School”.

Lexico-semantic Features as Creative/Stylistic Strategies in Joseph Edoki’s The Upward Path

This study examines and explicates the lexico-semantic parameters, which Joseph Edoki deploys to convey his themes in The Upward Path, his second novel. Edoki is a contemporary Nigerian novelist who is preoccupied with the socio-political problems in Africa with the hope of a brighter future. The novel is the story of Mr. Gaga, a Rhwandan American PhD student, on a fact finding mission in Savannah, an African country, for his Thesis entitled ‘’ Why Africa is Underdeveloped’’. For failing to portray Africa in line with the negative views about the continent in his proposal, Gaga’s supervisor recalls him back to America in anger. But in defense of his conviction and research findings about Africa, Gaga remains in Savannah to complete his Thesis. This study is of significance because as a linguistic study, it will serve as a springboard to future researches in the language of African literature. Moreover, the good governance, which Edoki presents in Savannah, the fictional country, in which the novel under study is set, is a blue print for the development of Africa.

Projecting the COVID-19 Weekly Deaths and Hospitalizations for Jefferson County, Kentucky

Introduction: The trends in the numbers of active hospitalizations and fatalities caused by the COVID-19 in Jefferson County, Kentucky, were projected over the period May 7 to August 20, 2020. Methods: The projections provided in this report are from a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model. The model was calibrated using the COVID-19 transmission dynamics parameters from relevant literature and clinical dynamics parameters from the county’s data. The model was used to measure the impact of public health policy interventions designed to contain the infection. The policy was modeled by its intervention day and impact on the transmission of the virus such that the resulted fatalities resembled those observed in Jefferson County. Results: By May 6, 2020, there were 1,557 cases and 109 COVID-19 deaths in Jefferson County. The average age of deceased individuals was 76.5 years; 76% of them had a previous medical condition, and 28% were African American. Among the hospitalized, 53% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 43% used a ventilator. The model’s status quo scenario, which produced the observed fatalities in the county, was identified assuming that the transmission of the virus was reduced by 70% with a policy intervention on April 7. Projections based on the status quo showed 91 active hospitalizations and 147 total fatalities, on average, on May 14. By June 4, the average number of active hospitalizations was projected to decrease to 61, but total fatalities to increase to 195, assuming that a 70% reduction in transmission of the virus was maintained since the implementation of the policy intervention. By late August, the average number of active hospitalizations and total fatalities were projected to be 12 and 269, respectively. Conclusion: Had the county practiced weaker containment strategies, it would have been on an upward path with increased hospitalization and fatality trends. Therefore, decreasing the current social distancing measures without efforts regarding testing, isolating, and contact tracing could move the county to an unstable status. Had Jefferson County practiced stronger containment strategies, it could more safely plan to open in early June. Still taking newer and even more effective measures could make a manageable early-June opening more likely.

A modification of distal shoe appliance for premature loss of primary second molar-comparison with Willet's appliance: Report of four cases

Primary dentition is important for space maintenance, mastication, speech, and development of occlusion, premature loss of which results in space loss, deep bite, crowding, tooth impactions, and midline shift. Deciduous second molar guides the erupting first permanent molar which uprights in position after following the forward and upward path of eruption. Prevention of the space loss due to premature loss of primary second molar always been a challenge for pedodontists. Several designs of guiding appliances are proposed, the most common design being the Willet's appliance. Willet's design unable to provide broad contact often results in dislodgment of the vertical arm, slipping, and rotation of erupting molar. In this article, a modified design of the distal shoe has been compared with three other cases with Willet's appliance.

Please, thank you and sorry – brokering migration and constructing identities for domestic work in Ghana

ABSTRACTDrawing on interviews with migrant domestic workers and brokers in Accra-Tema, the capital city of Ghana, this paper throws light on the everyday practices of brokers in producing ideal workers for urban middle class and expatriate families as well as overseas employment. The authors map the different kinds of brokers who are involved in the selection and placement of domestic workers and show how they filter and represent workers to potential employers. Women and girls from the poorer north and Volta regions are positioned into precarious employment with an ever-present risk of abuse, non-payment and sexual exploitation. In the absence of effective state protection these workers depend heavily on brokers for negotiating better working conditions and switching jobs if they are in a difficult position. By examining such dynamics the authors demonstrate how the process of brokerage itself offers these workers opportunities for exercising agency that have the potential of setting them on an upward path. The authors conclude with calls for a more nuanced and differentiated understanding of the role and the practices of brokers to better inform Ghana’s efforts to minimise exploitation of domestic workers.

Inequality in the Indian Growth Regime*

Researchers and policymakers have traditionally been more concerned with poverty than with inequality in India but this is now changing. The long-term trend in India was for economic inequality to decline until the 1980s, but it has since been rising, especially in urban areas, and between urban and rural areas. Wages have been rising and absolute poverty has been falling, but there has been a tendency for the gains from growth to be concentrated among the highest income groups. This applies not only to income and expenditure but also to wealth. These trends reflect the social and economic institutions that underpin the changing growth regime in India—the macroeconomic framework; wage labour relations; agrarian relations; the competition regime; type of integration in the international economy; and the role of the state. These institutions and their interactions give rise to particular patterns of growth and distribution, which change over time, and which need to be analysed in historical context. The article briefly reviews the impact of these factors on inequality over the period since Independence, and suggests that the forces driving the upward path of inequality remain strong.

An Efficient MOP Decision Method Using Hop Interval for RPL-Based Underwater Sensor Networks

In underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), not only data packets but also sensor nodes can be lost due to ocean current, running out of battery and etc. Among various routing protocols, Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is a promising routing protocol to overcome this problem since it provides multiple upward path establishments and path repair methods. However, unlike upward paths, downward routing in RPL have low reliability since it source routing technique for reducing routing table size. In order to increase the reliability of downward paths, RPL standard defines two operational modes (Mode Of oPeration, MOP) for intermediate nodes, i.e., storing mode and non-storing mode. A node which operates in storing mode can increase the reliability, however it cannot be operated in storing mode for the all instances due to the limited memory. In this paper, we therefore propose a hop interval based MOP decision method for intermediate nodes. In our proposed method, the sink calculates the hop interval between storing nodes based on the number of application and each intermediate nodes decide their MOP according to the calculated hop interval. In addition, we propose a QoS-based initial storing node decision scheme to reflect differences between swallow and deep water.

Reconstructing the upward path to structural realism

In his Analysis of Matter, Russell advocated an epistemic form of Epistemic Structural Realism (ESR) which held that our knowledge of the external world is structural. This approach has been criticised by M.H.A. Newman (Mind, (146), 137–148, 1928) and Stathis Psillos (Philosophy of Science, 68(S3), S13–S24, 2001). The paper aims to reconstruct Russell’s version of ESR, and defend its experimental and philosophical plausibility. The basic assumption is that without getting a viable experimental handle on the linkage between the structure of perceptions and causal structure of the stimuli, the so called upward path to SR couldn’t be defended conclusively. In this vein, the paper explores the resources of the recent experimental theories of perception (these include the theory of brain’s difference-based coding, and the theory of prediction error minimization). These help establishing a structuralist account of the perception, and provide an account for the causal linkage between the structure of perceptions and the structure of the stimuli. I argue that it is possible to settle for objectivity of this linkage according to the criteria of comprehensiveness, simplicity, and above all rationality, in a way that meets the standards of the scientific realists.