Upper-grade Students Research Articles

Assessment of indoor light-at-night exposure in children and adolescents during schooldays and weekends

Light-At-Night (LAN) is increasingly recognized and may has adverse health effects on children and adolescents, yet few studies have reported objective indoor LAN exposure levels for children and adolescents. In this study, we measured the indoor LAN exposure levels and duration among 897 children and adolescents aged 6–14 in Beijing, China, using portable photometers during both school days and weekends. Results indicate that the median indoor LAN exposure from 9:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. was 5.1 lx, with 31.8% of the subjects experiencing an average exposure above 10 lx. Additionally, from the perspective of cumulative high exposure duration, children and adolescents were exposed to more than 10 lx for approximately 64 min from 9:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. During the entire nighttime (from self-reported bedtime to wake-up time), the median exposure was 2.1 lx, with 16.6% averaging exposures above 10 lx. Exposure levels were significantly higher on weekends than on schooldays. Both girls and upper-grade students had higher levels of exposure and longer durations of high exposure. Girls in grade 7 (OR:2.56, 95%CI: 1.68–3.88) experienced the highest LAN exposure in our subjects compared to boys in grade 1–4. Our findings underscore the importance of promoting healthy light exposure behaviors among children and adolescents and reducing their light exposure environments to mitigate the potential health impacts of LAN.

초등고학년 창의ㆍ정서 통합프로그램 효과성 연구

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the creativity and emotion integration program for upper elementary school students is effective in improving the creativity and emotional abilities of elementary school students. The subjects of the study were a total of 63 upper-grade students from elementary schools in the metropolitan area, and 10 classes were conducted for 33 students in the experimental group. The effectiveness of the program was confirmed using Creativity Standardization Test (Lee, 2014) and Emotional Intelligence Test(Moon, 2001). The collected data was used to check the homogeneity of the two groups using the t-test in the SPSS 25.0 program, and then the results of the post-test were compared. The research results are as follows. First, the creativity-emotion integration program for upper grades of elementary school was effective in improving students' creative abilities among integrated creativity. Second, there was no statistically significant difference in the emotional intelligence scores of upper elementary school students. Accordingly, implications for improving the creative abilities and emotional intelligence of elementary school students using this program were discussed.

잠재집단분석을 활용한 예비 교사의 학업성취도, 교육만족도, 진로발달 수준의 차이 분석

This study employed latent class analysis to categorize university students in a teacher training program. The analysis involved variables related to personal characteristics, university entrance characteristics, and university life characteristics. Subsequently, the characteristics of these groups were explored to draw implications.
 The main findings of this study are as follows. First, the latent group analysis identified three groups. Cohort 1 was 'active in school life, low grade', 'Cohort 2' was ‘low satisfaction with college admission and not active in school life’, and ‘'Cohort 3’ was upper-grade students preparing for the teacher employment exam. Second, students in ‘Cohort 2 (low satisfaction with college admission and not active in school life)’ reported higher dissatisfaction and disengagement with their university experience than other cohorts. However, compared to other cohorts, they were more likely to express satisfaction with their relationships with other students on campus and perceive these relationships as average. Third, when analyzing the differences in academic achievement, educational satisfaction, and career development by cohort, ‘Cohort 1 (active in school life, low grade)’ emerged as a group with low academic achievement, and ‘Cohort 2 (low satisfaction with college admission and not active in school life)’ emerged as a group with the lowest levels of educational satisfaction and career development.

Analysis Of Violations Of School Rules In Upper Grade Students At MIN 4 Jember

Analysis Of Violations Of School Rules In Upper Grade Students At MIN 4 Jember

Students’ Perspectives on the Factors That Influence the Use of Private Tutoring Usage in Qatar

This paper unpacks the factors likely to influence students’ use of supplementary private tutoring in Qatar. Drawing on insights from Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior (TPB), the current study seeks to understand the main predictors of private tutoring usage in the context of Qatar. This study used survey questionnaire data to ascertain key predictors of participation in private tutoring, as perceived by students in preparatory schools (grades 8 and 9) and secondary schools (grades 11 and 12). The regression analysis revealed that upper-grade students were more likely to use private tutoring than their lower-grade counterparts. Additionally, parental attributes, particularly their educational levels, employment status, and involvement in their children’s schooling, were strong determinants of household decisions to hire private tutors. The results also indicated that the demand for private tutoring is strongly associated with the quality of teaching. The paper offers relevant recommendations for policymaking and calls for future study and research.

Positives and Negatives of Distance Education from the Perspective of Teachers with Practical Experience

The COVID-19 pandemic had overnight affected all areas of traditional life. In the field of education, the classic face-to-face teaching was replaced by distance education at all levels of the educational system not only in Slovakia but in all countries of the world. Teachers, pupils, parents, teaching assistants, special educators or professional staff had had no experience with distance education up to that point. In today’s vulnerable world, the possibility of a combined educational process, in which teaching would be divided between face-to-face and distance education, is being raised more frequently mainly in connection with the energy crisis. Setting the right balance between face-to-face and distance education requires, among other things, defining the positives and negatives of these forms. Given the existing extensive theoretical elaboration of the issue of face-to-face teaching, our study focuses on the positives and negatives of distance education, while using the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through interviews, we collected the views of primary school teachers experienced in distance education. We focused on questions dealing with advantages, disadvantages, forms, methods and overall attitudes towards distance education. The study concludes by categorising the advantages and disadvantages of distance education. Based on the analysis of the responses obtained through semi-structured interviews with six teachers, we found that distance education has more negative than positive aspects. The main negatives include the lack of physical contact and the absence of social interaction. Furthermore, we found that there is low motivation, skipping lessons and lack of attention among upper grade students. Parental support for pupils in the upper grades was rather low. Teachers mainly used Slovak online platforms for distance learning. This study was done in Slovakia.

Strategi Menanamkan Karakter Religius Dan Kejujuran Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Di Sekolah Dasar

This study aims to determine the online learning of Islamic character informing religious character and honesty in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. Primary data was obtained through interviews with grade 4 and 5 teachers. Secondary data was obtained from books and journals related to the research theme as well as interviews with school principals. Data analysis was carried out through three stages, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and then drawing conclusions. Data triangulation was carried out through interviews with principals, and students to maintain validity.The research results obtained include: 1) The implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning during online learning at SD Negeri 2 Tigajuru runs using WA group as the main media, while implementation outside Islamic Education learning occasionally uses Google Classroom or Zoom Meeting. 2) The strategy of cultivating religious character towards students of SD Negeri 2 Tigajuru specifically in the upper grades is emphasized through habituation and exemplary methods from teachers. These habits are: Starting learning activities with prayer, reading and memorizing juz amma, reading short letters of Al-Quran juz 30. The cultivation of religious character values in Islamic Religious Education learning when learning online is carried out by providing material about: Akidah; Exemplifying the attitude of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH; performing mandatory prayers and purification; About morals. 3) The obstacles faced by online learning such as the lack of teacher control as a patron in providing concrete examples of praiseworthy behavior other than limited to honesty and worship directly to students. Many upper grade students from grades 4 to 5 still cannot recite the Koran and do not even know the prayer recitation, the PAI teacher's capability in learning is limited to assignments without improving learning methods and strategies when online. 4) Character cultivation patterns at SD Negeri 2 Tigajuru teachers still apply a variety of strategies in conventional, lecture-based learning, Suggestions that can be conveyed to teachers related to their role as educators not only provide knowledge. But, also pay attention to the provision of character cultivation through character education, especially in the cultivation of religious character during online learning

Factors associated with academic burnout and its prevalence among university students: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the current state of academic burnout among Chinese college students and its influencing factors.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 22,983 students was conducted using structured questionnaires and the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey on sociodemographic characteristics, educational process, and personal aspects. Multiple variables were statistically evaluated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe total score of the students’ academic burnout was 40.73 (± 10.12) points. The scores for the reduced personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, and cynicism were 23.63 (± 6.55), 11.20 (± 6.05), and 5.91 (± 5.31), respectively. Students with academic burnout accounted for 59.9% (13,753/22,983). Male students had higher burnout scores than female students, upper-grade students had higher burnout scores than lower-grade students, and students who smoked had higher burnout than non-smokers during the school day.ConclusionsMore than half of students experienced academic burnout. Gender, grade, monthly living expenses, smoking, parents’ education level, study and life pressures, and the current degree of professional knowledge interest significantly impacted academic burnout. An effective wellness program and an annual long-term burnout assessment may sufficiently reduce student burnout.

Student Perceptions Regarding the Blackboard Learning System Applied in Interior Architecture Project Courses During Covid-19

This article describes students' perceptions and satisfaction levels towards the Blackboard application, which they experienced as a learning tool throughout the design studio course they took during the Covid-19 pandemic. By making sketches, transferring ideas, sharing clear images, and accepting criticism in terms of satisfaction with the Blackboard system of instruction, it is attempted to understand the effects of features such as internet connection, technical infrastructure, and trainer. It has been observed that the lower grades of interior architecture students have a higher level of satisfaction with learning interior design through blackboard than the upper grade students.

The Role of Social Media In Character Forming of Upper-Grade Students in The Digital Era

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran media sosial dalam pembentukan karakter siswa kelas atas sekolah dasar yang sudah mulai mengakses media sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelasional dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran media sosial dapat diintegrasikan dalam pembelajaran di kelas menggunakan strategi pendidikan karakter yang dapat dilakukan guru yaitu melalui <em>Multiple Talent Approach (Multiple Intelligence). </em>Peran guru dalam mempromosikan pendidikan karakter sekolah sangat membantu siswa untuk memahami dirinya dalam mencapai tujuan tertentu, dengan kegiatan diskusi dan menjalin komunikasi yang baik akan membantu anak mendapatkan pengajaran sesuai dengan kebutuhannya<em>.</em>

Parents’ and Students’ Perception on Learning in the Age of Industrial revolution 4.0 at SDN 22 Inpres Pali, Tana Toraja

Learning is currently slowly leading to a major change, namely the industrial revolution 4.0. The purpose of this study was to describe parents' learning perceptions in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era and students' learning perceptions in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era at SDN 222 Inpres Pali, Tana Toraja Regency. The approach used in this research is a mixed methods model with a sequential exploratory model. The mixed methods sequential exploration model is a research method that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to obtain valid data. The data in this study consisted of two data sources, namely primary and secondary data. Qualitative results were obtained in a structured way, the researcher conducted interviews with 4 parents, representatives of guardians of lower and upper grade students. Also, among the students involved, there were 4 people representing upper and lower classes. Several themes were formulated in the results of the study to represent the responses of the informants, including school descriptions, usage, understanding, learning practices, positive and negative impacts, and views on learning with technology and communication tools. Quantitative data from questionnaire data. From the results and discussion of parents' and students' perceptions of learning in the age of Industrial Revolution 4.0, SDN 222 Inpres Pali students and parents to use technology, communication and information tools positively, to learn with technology and means of communication had a positive impact on parents and students. The biggest benefit is to help students overcome learning difficulties, such as teachers and parents.

The Effect of Persistence of Physical Exercise on the Positive Psychological Emotions of Primary School Students under the STEAM Education Concept.

The effect of persistence of physical exercise on the psychological and emotional aspects of primary school students is studied to improve the comprehensive quality of current Chinese primary school students and explore the effect of physical exercise on students’ emotions under the science, technology, engineering, art, mathematics (STEAM) education concept. First, students in a primary school in Nanchang are taken as the survey participants. Second, by formulating a physical exercise scale and a psychological and emotional scale, the current situation of physical exercise of primary school students is investigated by means of mathematical statistics. Finally, the current situation of physical exercise and the overall situation of positive psychological emotions of primary school students are analyzed, and the effect of physical exercise on the positive psychological emotions of primary school students is studied. The data show that there are significant differences in the amount of exercise and its three dimensions of intensity, time, and frequency, as well as the scores of positive emotions in the gender dimension, with the boys scoring higher than the girls. In terms of grades, students in grades 1, 2, and 6 are higher than students in grades 3, 4, and 5 on the level of a small amount of exercise, while students in grades 3, 4, and 5 are higher than the other three grades in terms of a moderate amount of exercise. Moreover, in the aspect of positive psychological emotions, the lower-grade students are obviously higher than the upper-grade students, and the second- and third-grade students present marginal significance, p = 0.058. The correlation and regression between physical exercise and positive psychological emotions are calculated and analyzed, and it is found that there is a significant positive correlation between physical exercise indicators and positive psychological emotions, with a correlation coefficient of 0.297. Physical exercise explains 8.8% of positive emotions. This research also makes relevant recommendations for students and schools and has played a role in strengthening the physical exercise and mental health of primary and secondary school students. Greater attention to the physical exercise of primary school students is recommended.

초등학생을 대상으로 한 학교기반 국내 성교육 프로그램 연구 동향

The aims of this study were to examine research trends of sex education programs for elementary school students and to conduct a systematic analysis of the characteristics of these programs. The current study also intended to suggest future directions in developing and improving elementary sex education programs. To achieve these goals, we selected 29 Korean academic journals addressing elementary sex education programs. The articles were analyzed through general characteristics analysis, program content analysis, and quality indicator analysis. Starting with 5 studies on sex education programs published in 2000, studies on this topic have been continuously conducted with 1~4 articles published each year, mostly focusing on upper-grade elementary school students.
 In terms of a research design, the majority of the studies administered a pretest-posttest control group design method, and there was no single unified measurement tool. Most of the programs were implemented by program researchers, class teachers, or school nurses. Regarding the dependent variables, most of the studies measured the two following variables: sexual knowledge (22 papers) and sexual attitude (21 papers). The contents of sex education programs could be widely classified into physical development and sex, psychological development and sexual values, social development and sexual culture, and marriage and family life. The qualitative indicators analysis showed that most of the studies satisfied six or more qualitative indicators. Based on the current findings, the directions for further research were also discussed.

Disaster Preparedness in Physical Aspect of students in Bantul and Balikpapan Indonesia

This study aims at identifying difference in physical fitness level between students in disaster-safe school in Bantul and in Balikpapan, Indonesia. This study is a quantitative descriptive study that adopted a comparative method. Data were collected through tests and measurement. Population of the study was all upper-grade students (105 students) of State Madrassa Ibtidaiyah (MI Negeri) 2 Bantul and all upper-grade students (102 students) of State Primary School (SD Negeri) 003 Balikpapan. Samples were selected using a purposive sampling technique with as many as 65 students of MI Negeri 2 Bantul and 87 students of SD Negeri 003 Balikpapan involved. Instrument of the study was the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) for children aged 10-12 years. Data were analyzed using a 2-sample t-test preceded by normality and homoscedasticity tests. Results indicate significant difference in physical fitness level between upper-grade students at MI Negeri 2 Bantul disaster-safe school and those at SD Negeri 003 Balikpapan. The t-test generated a t-value of 7.664 and t-distribution of 1.655 (df 150;5%) with significance level (p) of 0.000. With t-value being greater than t-distribution (7.664 > 1.655) and p-value being less than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05), it is clear that physical fitness level of students in both schools differs significantly. It can also be concluded that physical fitness of students in Bantul (a mean of 12.40) is higher than that of students in Balikpapan (a mean of 9.93). Hence, it can be said that students in Bantul are more physically prepared for disaster than students in Balikpapan.

Does need for relatedness matter more? The dynamic mechanism between teacher support and need satisfaction in explaining Chinese school children's regulatory styles

Grounded in the basic psychological need theory (BPNT) and the relationships motivation theory (RMT), this study investigated 1) the dynamic mechanism between teacher support (i.e., autonomy support, structure, and involvement) and need satisfaction (i.e., needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness) in relation to regulatory styles (i.e., external, introjected, identified regulations and intrinsic motivation) among Chinese elementary school students; 2) the unique involvement-need for relatedness link to regulatory styles; and 3) the equivalence of the above investigations across lower- and upper-grade elementary students. We found: 1) the involvement → need satisfaction → regulatory styles paths to be aligned with the universality claim of BPNT and complementary function of need support in satisfying psychological needs for all the students; 2) the uniqueness of relatedness to be aligned with RMT for all the students; 3) the invariance across the lower- and upper-grade students in most of the direct and indirect paths, except that 4) the autonomy support → need satisfaction → autonomous regulation paths benefited more for upper-grade students.

Examining of the Emotional Mood about Their Online Education of First-Year Students Beginning Their University Education with Distance Education Because of COVID-19

The Covid-19 pandemic continues to be negatively effective in many areas of life. It has also affected the face-to-face education of 2020 fall semester. In Turkey, Students who have recently entered the university in 2020 started their undergraduate education with distance education like upper grade students. However, the fact that the first graders fell into the distance education system before experiencing university life and without knowing their teachers and friends created different emotional mood. The aim of this study is to analyze the emotional mood of students who have just get into university and have to start their undergraduate education with distance education. Exploratory sequential mixed method is used as a method of this study. Phenomenology method is used the first stage of the method and the survey method is used as the second stage of the method. A total of 18 fresh students (12 female and 6 male) in the departments of Faculty of Education and Faculty of Sport Sciences of Mus Alparslan University were the sample group of the qualitative stage. And 141 students (87 female and 54 male) were the sample of the quantitative stage. As a result of the qualitative analysis, the emotional moods of the students were grouped under four sub-themes: emotion of shock, unfamiliarity with the system, emotion of curiosity and anxiety for the future. First-year students stated that they experienced feelings of shock such as sadness and anxiety when they learned that they would start university with distance education instead of face-to-face education. The students stated that they wondered about the method of teaching the lessons, whether the lessons would be efficient, how the exams would take place, that they were unfamiliar with the system, and that they were worried about the future due to all these uncertainties. According to the analyzes obtained from the survey, it is understood from the answers that the 141 participant students experienced emotional states similar to the results obtained in qualitative findings at a rate of 90% and above. Only the rate of students experiencing an emotion of shock was 64.5% and the rate of experiencing future anxiety was 85.8%. As a result, it was understood from the analyses that qualitative and quantitative results were parallel to each other.

Elementary Students’ Music Compositions with Notation-Based Software and Handwritten Notation Assisted by Classroom Instruments

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of notation-based software on music composition by comparing student compositions, preferences, and perceived advantages and disadvantages of composing music with and without the aid of notation-based software. The study included 37 upper-grade elementary students who composed eight measures of melody with notation-based software (MuseScore2) and handwritten notation assisted by classroom instruments (glockenspiel) during 12-week music composition lessons. Student preferences and their comments for each compositional mode were also collected. Afterward, the compositions were judged by five music teachers using Amabile’s consensual assessment technique with criteria of creativity, aesthetic appeal, and craftsmanship. Results indicated that notation-based software for music composition scored higher in creativity, while compositions on the hand-written notation assisted by glockenspiels scored higher in craftsmanship. Of the participants, 76% preferred composing music with the aid of notation-based software because of the playback function and perceived ease. Compositions using notation-based software demonstrated higher scores in creativity than handwritten compositions. However, handwritten compositions scored higher in craftsmanship. Comments by students after composition suggested that handwritten approaches allowed them to use composition strategies learned during prior teaching sessions, although they showed a lower preference for it.

Mathematical Modeling Projects Oriented towards Social Impact as Generators of Learning Opportunities: A Case Study

This paper presents a case study carried out at an elementary school that led to a characterization of mathematical modeling projects aimed at generating social impact. It shows their potential as generators of mathematical learning opportunities. In the school project, upper-grade students (sixth grade, 11-year-olds) studied the way in which the rest of the students at the institution traveled from their homes to school. Its purpose was to identify risk points from the standpoint of road safety and to develop a set of recommendations so that all the children could walk safely to school. In our study, we identified, on the one hand, the mathematical learning opportunities that emerged during the development of the project and, on the other, the mathematical models created by the students. We discuss the impact of the project on the different groups in the school community (other students, parents, and teachers). We conclude with a characterization of the mathematical modeling projects oriented towards social impact and affirm that they can be generators of mathematical learning opportunities.

The Current Situation of Internet Addiction and Its Impact on Sleep Quality and Self-Injury Behavior in Chinese Medical Students.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cross-sectional survey is to explore the current state of Internet addiction (IA) in Chinese medical students and its connection with medical students' sleep quality and self-injury behavior. METHODS Respondents were came from Wannan Medical College, China. The Young's Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Harm Questionnaire were used in this cross-sectional survey. A total of 3,738 medical students were investigated, 1,552 (41.52%) males, 2,186 (58.48%) females. T-test, chi-square test and MANOVA were used for data analysis. RESULTS Of the 3,738 medical students, 1,054 (28.2%) reported having IA, 1,126 (30.1%) reported having poor sleep quality, 563 (15.1%) having self-harm behaviors. IA tends to be more female, upper grade students. The sleep quality of IA was worse than that of non-IA (χ2=54.882, p<0.001), and the possibility of self-injury was higher than non-IA (χ2=107.990, p<0.001). CONCLUSION This survey shows that the IA detection rate of medical students was 28.2%. Females, higher grade students had a higher IA detection rate. The low sleep quality and self-injury behavior of medical students are associated with IA.

The Current Situation of Internet Addiction and Its Impact on Sleep Quality and Self-Injury Behavior in Chinese Medical Students.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this cross-sectional survey is to explore the current state of Internet addiction (IA) in Chinese medical students and its connection with medical students’ sleep quality and self-injury behavior. MethodsRespondents were came from Wannan Medical College, China. The Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Harm Questionnaire were used in this cross-sectional survey. A total of 3,738 medical students were investigated, 1,552 (41.52%) males, 2,186 (58.48%) females. T-test, chi-square test and MANOVA were used for data analysis. ResultsOf the 3,738 medical students, 1,054 (28.2%) reported having IA, 1,126 (30.1%) reported having poor sleep quality, 563 (15.1%) having self-harm behaviors. IA tends to be more female, upper grade students. The sleep quality of IA was worse than that of non-IA (χ2=54.882, p<0.001), and the possibility of self-injury was higher than non-IA (χ2=107.990, p<0.001). ConclusionThis survey shows that the IA detection rate of medical students was 28.2%. Females, higher grade students had a higher IA detection rate. The low sleep quality and self-injury behavior of medical students are associated with IA.