Upgrade Path Research Articles

Channel Integration and Personalized Services: The Marketing Upgrade Path of Traditional Manufacturing Industry-Taking Haier Smart Home for Example

In the 21sh century, in order to conform trend of progress of the times, all walks of life are pursuing transformation. Digital economy points to process of people through recognition of big data to identify, filter, screen, store and use. One of the most important purposes of developing digital economy is realizing industrial intelligence. This essay takes the Haier smart home for example, studying specific path and consequence of Haier smart home transformation through case study. The contents of this paper include: Haiers ecological transformation process, the motivation of transformation. The present studies the four dimensions respectively which are native policy, peer competition, cost reasons, management changes to analyze the reason for its transformation. Haiers transformation is revolutionary innovative and epoch-making, the details of which are explored. Finally, the enlightenment of Haier smart home is drawn, which help in for future how to adopt to the new environment and digital transformation of other peers.

The innovation model and upgrade path of digitalization driven tourism industry: Longitudinal case study of OCT

Unlike the progressive growth of developed countries that have transitioned from large-scale tourism to intelligent tourism, China's tourism sector exhibits characteristics of short-term leapfrog strategic change. However, existing research lacks a sufficient theoretical explanation of how China's tourism industry can achieve this leapfrog strategic change. Based on a longitudinal case study, this study finds that digital supplementation and intelligent innovation constitute two key stages in Chinese enterprises' leap-forward strategic change from large-scale park tourism to intelligent tourism from 2012 to 2020. Digitalization is an important path for Chinese enterprises to realize transformation and upgrading, mainly through digital acceleration and reconstruction learning mechanisms, to drive the double leap in strategic change and tourism industry model innovation. In the context of a mismatch between digital technology and managerial skills, this study provides a theoretical model for firms to implement a leap-forward strategic change in intelligent tourism. It not only supports strategic change theory and organizational learning but also provides management illumination for digital rural construction, national tourism intelligence policy development, and enterprise intelligent tourism reform practice.

Unveiling security, privacy, and ethical concerns of ChatGPT

This paper delves into the realm of ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot that utilizes topic modeling and reinforcement learning to generate natural responses. Although ChatGPT holds immense promise across various industries, such as customer service, education, mental health treatment, personal productivity, and content creation, it is essential to address its security, privacy, and ethical implications. By exploring the upgrade path from GPT-1 to GPT-4, discussing the model's features, limitations, and potential applications, this study aims to shed light on the potential risks of integrating ChatGPT into our daily lives. Focusing on security, privacy, and ethics issues, we highlight the challenges these concerns pose for widespread adoption. Finally, we analyze the open problems in these areas, calling for concerted efforts to ensure the development of secure and ethically sound large language models.

Design-driven regional industry transformation and upgrading under the perspective of sustainable development

This study combines relevant theories and methods from economics and ecology to investigate design-driven transformation and upgrade paths for the long-term success of regional industries in the context of sustainable transformation, drawing on the design research literature's emphasis on sustainability, synergy, and a systemic approach. This evaluation may be thought of as a precondition for transformation. The regional industrial base dictates the upgrading route for sustainable transformation. Huaihua, a prefecture-level city in Hunan Province, China, serves as a case study for this investigation. Huaihua City's ecological footprints, human development index, and ecological welfare performance are used to evaluate the region's industrial base. A system based on quantitative data criteria and hierarchical analysis was built to choose top regional industries. The design study has promising implications for the sustainable transformation of major regional industries since it is an interdisciplinary, collaborative, and methodical type of research. Huaihua City, as a representative region of the less developed southwest region in China, designs a sustainable industrial transformation and upgrading path by providing a theoretical basis and quantitative measurement criteria for the sustainable transformation of regional industries.

Status and future plans for C3 R&D

C3 is an opportunity to realize an e + e - collider for the study of the Higgs boson at √s = 250 GeV, with a well defined upgrade path to 550 GeV while staying on the same short facility footprint [2,3]. C3 is based on a fundamentally new approach to normal conducting linear accelerators that achieves both high gradient and high efficiency at relatively low cost. Given the advanced state of linear collider designs, the key system that requires technical maturation for C3 is the main linac. This paper presents the staged approach towards a facility to demonstrate C3 technology with both Direct (source and main linac) and Parallel (beam delivery, damping ring, ancillary component) R&D.The primary goal of the C3 Demonstration R&D Plan is to reduce technical and cost risk by building and operating the key components of C3 at an adequate scale. This R&D plan starts with the engineering design, and demonstration of one cryomodule and will culminate in the construction of a 3 cryomodule linac with pre-production prototypes. This R&D program would also demonstrate the linac rf fundamentals including achievable gradient and gradient stability over a full electron bunch train and breakdown rates. It will also investigate beam dynamics including energy spread, wakefields, and emittance growth. This work will be critical to confirm the suitability of the C3 beam parameters for the physics reach and detector performance in preparation for a Conceptual Design Report (CDR), as well as for follow-on technology development and industrialization.The C3 Demonstration R&D Plan will open up significant new scientific and technical opportunities based on development of high-gradient and high-efficiency accelerator technology. It will push this technology to operate both at the GeV scale and mature the technology to be reliable and provide high-brightness electron beams.The timeline for progressing with C3 technology development will be governed by practical limitations on both the technical progress and resource availability. It consists of four stages: Stage 0) Ongoing fundamental R&D on structure prototypes, damping and vibrations. Stage 1) Advancing the engineering maturity of the design and developing start-to-end simulations including space-charge and wakefield effects. This stage will include testing of strucutres operating at cryogenic temperatures. Beam tests would be performed with high beam current to test full beam loading. Stage 2) Production and testing of the first cryomodule at cryogenic temperatures. This would provide sufficient experimental data to compile a CDR and it is anticipated for Stage 2 to last 3 years and to culminate with the transport of photo-electrons through the first cryomodule. Stage 3) Updates to the engineering design of the cryomodules, production of the second and third cryomodule and their installation. Lower charge and lower emittance beams will be used to investigate emittance growth. The successful full demonstration of the 3 cryomodules to deliver up to a 3 GeV beam and achieve the C3five gradient will allow a comprehensive and robust evaluation of the technical design of C3 as well as mitigate technical, schedule, and cost risks required to proceed with a Technical Design Report (TDR).

Optimal pathways for upgrading China's wastewater treatment plants for achieving water quality standards at least economic and environmental cost

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in China must be upgraded to meet new discharge standards, but this incurs both economic and environmental costs and benefits. To select the optimal upgrade pathway, we developed ten upgrade paths based on two common decision-making scenarios for WWTP upgrade in developing countries. Using model simulation, life-cycle assessment, life-cycle cost, and multiple-attribute decision-making, we incorporated the full costs and benefits associated with the construction and operation into the decision-making process. We used a weighting scheme of attributes for the three regions and ranked the upgrade paths using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results showed that constructed wetlands and sand filtration were advantageous in terms of lower economic costs and environmental impacts, while the denitrification filter pathways required less land. Optimal pathways differed by region, highlighting the importance of a detailed and integrated assessment of the costs and benefits of WWTP upgrade options over the full life cycle. Our findings can inform decision-making on upgrading China's WWTPs to meet stringent discharge standards and protect inland water and coastal environments.

The Upgrade Path Based on the Transformation of the New Retail Model of the Decentralized Data Center in the Mobile Internet Era

The Upgrade Path Based on the Transformation of the New Retail Model of the Decentralized Data Center in the Mobile Internet Era

Seeing the limited coupling of starlight into single‐mode fiber with a small telescope

AbstractAn optical fiber link to a telescope provides many advantages for spectrometers designed to detect and characterize extrasolar planets through precise radial velocity measurements. In the seeing‐limited regime, a multi‐mode fiber is typically used so that a significant amount of starlight may be captured. In the near‐diffraction‐limited case, either with an adaptive optics system or with a small telescope at an excellent site, efficiently coupling starlight into a much smaller, single‐mode fiber may be possible. In general, a spectrometer designed for single‐mode fiber input will be substantially less costly than one designed for multi‐mode fiber input. We describe the results of tests coupling starlight from a 70 cm telescope at Mt. Hopkins, Arizona into the single‐mode fiber of the MINERVA‐Red spectrometer at a wavelength of 850 nm using a low‐speed tip/tilt image stabilization system comprising all commercial, off‐the‐shelf components. We find that approximately 0.5 of the available starlight is coupled into the single‐mode fiber under seeing conditions typical for observatories hosting small telescopes, which is close to the theoretical expectation. We discuss scientific opportunities for small telescopes paired with inexpensive, high‐resolution spectrometers, as well as upgrade paths that should significantly increase the coupling efficiency for the MINERVA‐Red system.

Research on improving the administrative service efficiency of biomass, waste and solid biofuel recycling

ABSTRACT Many countries are using effective strategies to recycle biomass, waste, and solid biofuels as an important means to achieve carbon emission peaking and carbon emission neutrality. China needs to continuously improve its recycling system and promote the development of waste material recycling systems. To provide guidance for the upgrading of ecological network public opinion governance and recycling government service practice, based on the internal support and external pressure atmosphere of ecological environmental administration, this paper uses fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze the four influencing factors of government resources, network environment, ecological environment, and public opinion environment so as to explore the path of recycling administrative service upgrades under the configuration perspective, the configuration analysis, and the upgrade path evolution of 30 provincial ecological administrations. It is found that the intersection of the influencing factors constitutes ‘netizen-motivated’, ‘virtual reality – driven’, ‘internal and external – regulated’, and ‘ecologically led’ paths. The four effective and mutually responsive configuration paths are applied to regional ecological and environmental administration service capacities from weak to strong.

Identifying the Value Co-Creation Model and Upgrading Path of Manufacturing Enterprises from the Value Network Perspective

The servitization of manufacturing enterprises has two main directions: production servitization and product servitization. The value co-creation model describes the transformation process of servitization of manufacturing enterprises; it is far more complex than that of service enterprises, and requires more in-depth research. This paper explores the value co-creation model and upgrading path based on the servitization of manufacturing enterprises, based on the idea that the value network supported by information technology has become a vital support for the servitization value co-creation of manufacturing enterprises. Referring to the degree of servitization of manufacturing enterprises and the degree of integration of complementary resources among value network members, we explore the value co-creation model between manufacturing enterprises and each network subject. We obtain four models: double-low model, servitization leading model, resource complementary leading model, and double-high model. We then clarify the characteristics, scope of application, advantages, and disadvantages of each model, and the means of value creation. We also apply the rough set method to empirically test the feasibility of the classification parameters of the value co-creation model and the accuracy of the classification rules, using Chinese listed and non-listed manufacturing enterprises as a sample. The findings provide a theoretical reference and practical guidance for manufacturing enterprises to achieve sustainable development and determine the upgrade path of the value co-creation model.

Transformation and upgrading path for midstream manufacturers in the chain: Taking Shennan Circuits as an example

The restructuring of global value chain restructuring has created both opportunities and challenges for Chinese manufacturers. In the process, OEM-ODM-OBM has been a typical upgrade path for manufacturing enterprises to integrate into the global value chain. However, this path may not be appropriate for Chinese midstream enterprises in the industry chain. This paper performs a longitudinal analysis of 30-year reform of Shennan Circuits, a typical midstream manufacturing business in the industry chain in China. Based on the smiling curve theory, we systematically analyzed how Shennan Circuit constantly scanned over the industry, its customers, competitors, and leveraged its own capability and resources against the background of global value chain restructuring to successfully integrate into the global value chain, enhance competitiveness while completing business transformation and upgrade. Given the case study, this paper proposes three types of transformation solutions with eight specific paths and the ICCA opportunity scanning analysis method for China’s midstream manufacturers in the industry chain as references.

Fully integrated hybrid microwave photonic receiver

Microwave photonic receivers are a promising candidate in breaking the bandwidth limitation of traditional radio-frequency (RF) receivers. To further balance the performance superiority with the requirements regarding size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP), the implementation of integrated microwave photonic microsystems has been considered an upgrade path. However, up to now, to the best of our knowledge, chip-scale fully integrated microwave photonic receivers have not been reported due to the limitation of material platforms. In this paper, we report a fully integrated hybrid microwave photonic receiver (FIH-MWPR) obtained by comprising the indium phosphide (InP) laser chip and the monolithic silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic circuit into the same substrate based on the low-coupling-loss micro-optics method. Benefiting from the integration of all optoelectronic components, the packaged FIH-MWPR exhibits a compact volume of 6 cm 3 and low power consumption of 1.2 W. The FIH-MWPR supports a wide operation bandwidth from 2 to 18 GHz. Furthermore, its RF-link performance to down-convert the RF signals to the intermediate frequency is experimentally characterized by measuring the link gain, the noise figure, and the spurious-free dynamic range metrics across the whole operation frequency band. Moreover, we have utilized it as a de-chirp receiver to process the broadband linear frequency-modulated (LFM) radar echo signals at different frequency bands (S-, C-, X-, and Ku-bands) and successfully demonstrated its high-resolution-ranging capability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first realization of a chip-scale broadband fully integrated microwave photonic receiver, which is expected to be an important step in demonstrating the feasibility of all-integrated microwave photonic microsystems oriented to miniaturized application scenarios.

A study on the environmental upgrade path of the commercial district in Liangping District, Chongqing

Liangping district, which is located in both the Three Gorges Reservoir area of Northeast Chongqing and Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, is acting as a bridge and pivot between the “Belt and Road” and the “Yangtze River Economic Zone.” High-quality business districts play a vital role in gathering popularity, developing the economy and improving residents’ living standards. Therefore, Liangping district should make a comprehensive consideration of the development situation of business, overall planning of the whole region, construction requirements from Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone and the Three Gorges Reservoir area. From the commercial area positioning, dislocation development, intelligent promotion, mode innovation, cultural construction and other aspects, the implementation of “environmental engineering,” strengthen the overall layout, improve the supporting facilities, enrich the commercial format, strengthen comprehensive services, improve the commercial area operating soft and hard environment, realize the commercial area upgrade.

Preparation for assembly and commissioning of ITER

Progress is described on the construction of infrastructure and plant systems, and on the manufacturing of the ITER tokamak components and their assembly since the IAEA FEC 2018. Major achievements in this period have been the completion of the tokamak building and installation of the cryostat base and lower section that mark the start of tokamak assembly in 2020. This has been followed by the arrival of key core tokamak components to enable assembly of the first tokamak sector, which is made up of one vacuum vessel (VV) sector, 2 toroidal field (TF) coils and the corresponding thermal shield (TS), and the completion of manufacturing and testing of the first two poloidal field (PF) coils (PF5 and PF6). In parallel with this, the tools required for assembly have been commissioned and plant systems required for operations have progressed in construction and have started or will start commissioning in the near future. The remaining core tokamak components (e.g. the remaining eight VV sectors, TF coils, PF coils and central solenoid (CS) modules) are in advanced manufacturing state or already completed and under testing, as required for the assembly plan to first plasma (FP). In parallel with machine assembly, systems to support plasma operation during the FP and later phases of the ITER research plan (IRP) have made significant progress as well. This includes the plasma control system, for which the final design for FP has been completed, the electron cyclotron heating (ECH) system, diagnostic systems, plasma protection components for FP and the disruption mitigation system (DMS). The IRP itself has also been consolidated and specific issues identified where R&D support by the ITER Members’ fusion communities may refine it further. The consolidation of the IRP has involved changes to the upgrade paths considered in the baseline by the identification of MHD stable plasma scenarios that can meet ITER’s Q = 5 steady-state fusion power goal with neutral beam heating (NBI) and ECH thus removing the need for the installation of a lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system previously included as an upgrade in the baseline for this specific purpose.

Cultivation play: Video games and the labour of character progression

In this article, we develop a theory of gameplay labour, acknowledging the paradigm of political economy yet grounded in game design and play, called ‘cultivation play’. In most understandings of game work, theorists traditionally explain digital labour in games as inherently difficult or manipulative. Instead, we propose a theory that explains how gameplay work can be organized around a design heuristic – character progression – that is rewarding, given the objectives and interests of different kinds of players. We explicate our theoretical intervention through an analysis of four games: Stardew Valley, Grand Theft Auto V, The Witcher 2 and The Witcher 3. We specifically examine upgrade paths, what we call character progression tasks, wherein levelling up, progressing, gaining in-game skills and working towards goals operate to create an environment of gameplay work that players may find engaging.

The path of improving the value chain flow of agricultural products industry under the effect of technology agglomeration

ABSTRACT Technology agglomeration effect is the economic effect produced by the spatial concentration of industry and economic activities, and it is one of the key factors to enhance the industrial value chain. In recent years, China’s agricultural market has gradually opened up, speeding up the marketisation and commercialisation of agricultural products. However, due to the increasing competition in the Chinese agricultural market, the value chain of the agricultural product industry is facing many challenges. The challenges faced by the value chain of the agricultural product industry are of two types: upstream and downstream. The upstream is the scope to improve yield and scarcity of resources and the downstream includes food chain loss, consumption moving towards F & V and pulses and lack of transparency and traceability. Thus, on the basis of the connotation of the agricultural product industry’s value chain and value flow, this article compares and analyses the development status of domestic and foreign industrial value chains, and finally proposes an upgrade path to increase the flow of Chinese agricultural industry’s value chain. It is expected to provide a reference for improving the economic benefits of Chinese agricultural product industry’s value chain.

Research on the Upgrading Path of Emerging Industry Innovation Service Network

Innovation service network is the inevitable result of the collaborative cooperation of innovation service subjects, and also an important strategic resource for innovation activities in emerging industries. The research of innovation service network has important decision reference value for the promotion of collaborative service capability for the innovation demand of emerging industries. By analyzing the evolution process and law of innovation service network in emerging industries, improving the main line around the ability of collaborative service, combining the evolution stage of innovation service network, the complexity of innovation demand and the integration of service resources, this paper focuses on designing the upgrade path of innovation service network based on key nodes, the path of innovation service network upgrade based on service chain integration, and the upgrade path of innovation service network based on core network coordination, in order to optimize the structure of innovation service network of emerging industries and improve its ability of collaborative service provides theoretical guidance, which is of great practical significance to support the innovation and development of emerging industries.

Wi-Fi Live-Streaming Centrifuge Force Microscope for Benchtop Single-Molecule Experiments

The ability to apply controlled forces to individual molecules has been revolutionary in shaping our understanding of biophysics in areas as diverse as dynamic bond strength, biological motor operation, and DNA replication. However, the methodology to perform single-molecule experiments remains relatively inaccessible because of cost and complexity. In 2010, we introduced the centrifuge force microscope (CFM) as a platform for accessible and high-throughput single-molecule experimentation. The CFM consists of a rotating microscope with which prescribed centrifugal forces can be applied to microsphere-tethered biomolecules. In this work, we develop and demonstrate a next-generation Wi-Fi CFM that offers unprecedented ease of use and flexibility in design. The modular CFM unit fits within a standard benchtop centrifuge and connects by Wi-Fi to an external computer for live control and streaming at near gigabit speeds. The use of commercial wireless hardware allows for flexibility in programming and provides a streamlined upgrade path as Wi-Fi technology advances. To facilitate ease of use, detailed build and setup instructions, as well as LabVIEW-based control software and MATLAB-based analysis software, are provided. We demonstrate the instrument’s performance by analysis of force-dependent dissociation of short DNA duplexes of 7, 8, and 9 bp. We showcase the sensitivity of the approach by resolving distinct dissociation kinetic rates for a 7 bp duplex in which one G-C basepair is mutated to an A-T basepair.

The ePix10k 2-megapixel hard X-ray detector at LCLS.

The ePix10ka2M (ePix10k) is a new large area detector specifically developed for X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) applications. The hybrid pixel detector was developed at SLAC to provide a hard X-ray area detector with a high dynamic range, running at the 120 Hz repetition rate of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The ePix10k consists of 16 modules, each with 352 × 384 pixels of 100 µm × 100 µm distributed on four ASICs, resulting in a 2.16 megapixel detector, with a 16.5 cm × 16.5 cm active area and ∼80% coverage. The high dynamic range is achieved with three distinct gain settings (low, medium, high) as well as two auto-ranging modes (high-to-low and medium-to-low). Here the three fixed gain modes are evaluated. The resulting dynamic range (from single photon counting to 10000 photons pixel-1 pulse-1 at 8 keV) makes it suitable for a large number of different XFEL experiments. The ePix10k replaces the large CSPAD in operation since 2011. The dimensions of the two detectors are similar, making the upgrade from CSPAD to ePix10k straightforward for most setups, with the ePix10k improving on experimental performance. The SLAC-developed ePix cameras all utilize a similar platform, are tailored to target different experimental conditions and are designed to provide an upgrade path for future high-repetition-rate XFELs. Here the first measurements on this new ePix10k detector are presented and the performance under typical XFEL conditions evaluated during an LCLS X-ray diffuse scattering experiment measuring the 9.5 keV X-ray photons scattered from a thin liquid jet.

Exploration and Practice of the Reform and Upgrade Path of Chemical Industry Facing New Economy: Taking the Chemical Engineering Major of Wuhan Institute of Technology as an Example

Exploration and Practice of the Reform and Upgrade Path of Chemical Industry Facing New Economy: Taking the Chemical Engineering Major of Wuhan Institute of Technology as an Example