Updated Version Research Articles

Development of A Training And Injury Log For Powerlifting: A Feasibility Study

Research on risk factors and injuries in powerlifting has so far only been studied through cross-sectional/observational studies. In other sports, training load has been prospectively investigated and shown to influence injury risk. However, no method to quantify training load in powerlifting exist. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of a novel standardized method for prospective recording of training load and injuries. The study was conducted in two phases with eight powerlifters initially included in each phase respectively. In Phase 1, the powerlifters registered training load and injuries throughout four weeks and answered a feasibility questionnaire. Based on the results from the questionnaire, updates to the training and injury log were made and the powerlifters in Phase 2 used the updated version to log four weeks of training. Training load and injuries were reported consistently which made calculations on training load and injury incidence possible. The participants reported rate of perceived exertion as difficult to assess and report. However, 9/12 powerlifters stated that they could the training and injury log for a period of at least six months. In conclusion, this standardized training and injury log seems to be a feasible method to quantify training load and injuries in powerlifting. The method could be used in further prospective studies on training load and injuries in powerlifting and in clinical practice.

Overview and Validation of the Asteroseismic Modeling Portal v2.0

The launch of NASA’s Kepler space telescope in 2009 revolutionized the quality and quantity of observational data available for asteroseismic analysis. While Kepler was able to detect solar-like oscillations in hundreds of main-sequence and subgiant stars, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite is now making similar observations for thousands of the brightest stars in the sky. The Asteroseismic Modeling Portal (AMP) is an automated and objective stellar model-fitting pipeline for asteroseismic data, which was originally developed to use models from the Aarhus Stellar Evolution Code. We briefly summarize an updated version of the AMP pipeline that uses Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics, and we present initial modeling results for the Sun and several solar analogs to validate the precision and accuracy of the inferred stellar properties.

Evolution of the RebiSmart® Electromechanical Autoinjector to Improve Usability in Support of Adherence to Subcutaneous Interferon Beta-1a Therapy for People Living with Multiple Sclerosis.

The RebiSmart® electromechanical autoinjector supports people living with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) with their adherence to treatment with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a (sc IFN β-1a; Rebif®), a well-established and effective therapy. We report on the validation of the next-generation device, RebiSmart3.0, tailored to meet patients' changing needs. To conclude a series of formative usability studies, a final formative study of an updated prototype version of the RebiSmart electromechanical autoinjector was conducted to identify the device's strengths, potential device-related use errors, opportunities for improvement, and to inform device safety. The findings were incorporated into the next-generation device, RebiSmart3.0, which was then evaluated in a summative usability study involving 45participants. The study consisted of evaluation activities - use scenarios and knowledge tasks - designed to validate mitigations to reduce the risks of not successfully completing critical tasks for successful administration of medication. During each evaluation activity, observations (including use errors, instances of moderator assistance, close calls, and difficulties) were recorded, focusing on the potential for serious harm arising from not completing critical tasks. Participants then provided their subjective assessment of RebiSmart3.0 as part of a user needs survey that assessed device usability and design. Regarding critical tasks, main findings were failure to inspect/dispose of the cartridge and not washing hands or disinfecting the injection site. These issues could be readily overcome by modifying future training. In the subjective assessment, 43 out of 45 participants considered the updated device safe to use as-is. In the user needs survey, overall, the participants rated the device positively. Findings validate the safety of use of the next-generation device, RebiSmart3.0, through a comprehensive evaluation of use scenarios and knowledge tasks by the study participants, who provided positive ratings of the device in the user needs survey.

DEP2: an upgraded comprehensive analysis toolkit for quantitative proteomics data.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has become the most powerful approach to study the proteome of given biological and clinical samples. Advancements in sample preparation and MS detection have extended the application of proteomics but have also brought new demands on data analysis. Appropriate proteomics data analysis workflow mainly requires quality control, hypothesis testing, functional mining, and visualization. Although there are numerous tools for each process, an efficient and universal tandem analysis toolkit to obtain a quick overall view of various proteomics data is still urgently needed. Here, we present DEP2, an updated version of DEP we previously established, for proteomics data analysis. We amended the analysis workflow by incorporating alternative approaches to accommodate diverse proteomics data, introducing peptide-protein summarization and coupling biological function exploration. In summary, DEP2 is a well-rounded toolkit designed for protein- and peptide-level quantitative proteomics data. It features a more flexible differential analysis workflow and includes a user-friendly Shiny application to facilitate data analysis. DEP2 is available at https://github.com/mildpiggy/DEP2, released under the MIT license. For further information and usage details, please refer to the package website at https://mildpiggy.github.io/DEP2/.

Modelling stellar evolution in mass-transferring binaries and gravitational-wave progenitors with metisse

ABSTRACT Massive binaries are vital sources of various transient processes, including gravitational-wave mergers. However, large uncertainties in the evolution of massive stars, both physical and numerical, present a major challenge to the understanding of their binary evolution. In this paper, we upgrade our interpolation-based stellar evolution code metisse to include the effects of mass changes, such as binary mass transfer or wind-driven mass loss, not already included within the input stellar tracks. metisse’s implementation of mass loss (applied to tracks without mass loss) shows excellent agreement with the sse fitting formulae and with detailed mesa tracks, except in cases where the mass transfer is too rapid for the star to maintain equilibrium. We use this updated version of metisse within the binary population synthesis code bse to demonstrate the impact of varying stellar evolution parameters, particularly core overshooting, on the evolution of a massive (25 and 15 M⊙) binary system with an orbital period of 1800 d. Depending on the input tracks, we find that the binary system can form a binary black hole or a black hole–neutron star system, with primary (secondary) remnant masses ranging between 4.47 (1.36) and 12.30 (10.89) M⊙, and orbital periods ranging from 6 d to the binary becoming unbound. Extending this analysis to a population of isolated binaries uniformly distributed in mass and orbital period, we show that the input stellar models play an important role in determining which regions of the binary parameter space can produce compact binary mergers, paving the way for predictions for current and future gravitational-wave observatories.

ESPEN guideline on chronic intestinal failure in adults – Update 2023

Background & aimsIn 2016, ESPEN published the guideline for Chronic Intestinal Failure (CIF) in adults. An updated version of ESPEN guidelines on CIF due to benign disease in adults was devised in order to incorporate new evidence since the publication of the previous ESPEN guidelines. MethodsThe grading system of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) was used to grade the literature. Recommendations were graded according to the levels of evidence available as A (strong), B (conditional), 0 (weak) and Good practice points (GPP). The recommendations of the 2016 guideline (graded using the GRADE system) which were still valid, because no studies supporting an update were retrieved, were reworded and re-graded accordingly. ResultsThe recommendations of the 2016 guideline were reviewed, particularly focusing on definitions, and new chapters were included to devise recommendations on IF centers, chronic enterocutaneous fistulas, costs of IF, caring for CIF patients during pregnancy, transition of patients from pediatric to adult centers. The new guideline consist of 149 recommendations and 16 statements which were voted for consensus by ESPEN members, online in July 2022 and at conference during the annual Congress in September 2022. The Grade of recommendation is GPP for 96 (64.4%) of the recommendations, 0 for 29 (19.5%), B for 19 (12.7%), and A for only five (3.4%). The grade of consensus is “strong consensus” for 148 (99.3%) and “consensus” for one (0.7%) recommendation. The grade of consensus for the statements is “strong consensus” for 14 (87.5%) and “consensus” for two (12.5%). ConclusionsIt is confirmed that CIF management requires complex technologies, multidisciplinary and multiprofessional activity, and expertise to care for the underlying gastrointestinal disease and to provide HPN support. Most of the recommendations were graded as GPP, but almost all received a strong consensus.

Literature Survey on YOLO Models for Face Recognition in Covid-19 Pandemic

Artificial Intelligence and robotics the fields in which there is necessary required object detection algorithms. In this study, YOLO and different versions of YOLO are studied to find out advantages of each model as well as limitations of each model. Even in this study, YOLO version similarities and differences are studied. Improvement in the YOLO (You Only Look Once) as well as CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) is the research study present going on for different object detection. In this paper, each YOLO version model is discussed in detail with advantages, limitations and performance. YOLO updated versions such as YOLO v1, YOLO v2, YOLO v3, YOLO v4, YOLO v5 and YOLO v7 are studied and showed superior performance of YOLO v7 over other versions of YOLO algorithm.

A Concept for a Consolidated Humus Form Description—An Updated Version of German Humus Form Systematics

In Germany, the systematics of humus forms has been developed, which is mainly based on morphological characteristics and has been proven via detailed long-term observation. The humus form systematics presented here is an update based on a new approach, clarifying the hierarchical structure into divisions, classes, types, and subtypes. New diagnostic horizons and transition horizons are introduced, uniquely characterising types and subtypes. This paper holds that the humus form is not only a product of decomposition, humification, and bioturbation but also serves as habitat for soil organisms. The processes and the habitat are shaped by soil-forming factors with the main factor being soil water conditions. Thus, on the first level of systematics, aeromorphic and aero-hydromorphic as well as hydromorphic humus forms are differentiated. Many different features of the organic layers and the mineral topsoil can be observed in forests, open grasslands, the mountain zone above the tree line, and natural fens and bogs, as well as degraded peatlands. Features shaping the humus form, such as the proportion of organic fine material and packing of the organic matter as well as the structure of the mineral soil, have now been unambiguously described. However, site-specific soil-forming factors result in typical organic matter characteristics of individual horizons and typical combinations of different horizons. This relationship is illustrated using descriptions of distinct humus forms.

Evaluation and Comparison of Ophthalmic Scientific Abstracts and References by Current Artificial Intelligence Chatbots

Language-learning model-based artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are growing in popularity and have significant implications for both patient education and academia. Drawbacks of using AI chatbots in generating scientific abstracts and reference lists, including inaccurate content coming from hallucinations (ie, AI-generated output that deviates from its training data), have not been fully explored. To evaluate and compare the quality of ophthalmic scientific abstracts and references generated by earlier and updated versions of a popular AI chatbot. This cross-sectional comparative study used 2 versions of an AI chatbot to generate scientific abstracts and 10 references for clinical research questions across 7 ophthalmology subspecialties. The abstracts were graded by 2 authors using modified DISCERN criteria and performance evaluation scores. Scores for the chatbot-generated abstracts were compared using the t test. Abstracts were also evaluated by 2 AI output detectors. A hallucination rate for unverifiable references generated by the earlier and updated versions of the chatbot was calculated and compared. The mean modified AI-DISCERN scores for the chatbot-generated abstracts were 35.9 and 38.1 (maximum of 50) for the earlier and updated versions, respectively (P = .30). Using the 2 AI output detectors, the mean fake scores (with a score of 100% meaning generated by AI) for the earlier and updated chatbot-generated abstracts were 65.4% and 10.8%, respectively (P = .01), for one detector and were 69.5% and 42.7% (P = .17) for the second detector. The mean hallucination rates for nonverifiable references generated by the earlier and updated versions were 33% and 29% (P = .74). Both versions of the chatbot generated average-quality abstracts. There was a high hallucination rate of generating fake references, and caution should be used when using these AI resources for health education or academic purposes.

MRC2020: improvements to Ximdisp and the MRC image-processing programs.

The great success of single-particle electron cryo-microscopy (cryoEM) during the last decade has involved the development of powerful new computer programs and packages that guide the user along a recommended processing workflow, in which the wisdom and choices made by the developers help everyone, especially new users, to obtain excellent results. The ability to carry out novel, non-standard or unusual combinations of image-processing steps is sometimes compromised by the convenience of a standard procedure. Some of the older programs were written with great flexibility and are still very valuable. Among these, the original MRC image-processing programs for structure determination by 2D crystal and helical processing alongside general-purpose utility programs such as Ximdisp, label, imedit and twofile are still available. This work describes an updated version of the MRC software package (MRC2020) that is freely available from CCP-EM. It includes new features and improvements such as extensions to the MRC format that retain the versatility of the package and make it particularly useful for testing novel computational procedures in cryoEM.

The metabolomics workbench file status website: a metadata repository promoting FAIR principles of metabolomics data

BackgroundAn updated version of the mwtab Python package for programmatic access to the Metabolomics Workbench (MetabolomicsWB) data repository was released at the beginning of 2021. Along with updating the package to match the changes to MetabolomicsWB’s ‘mwTab’ file format specification and enhancing the package’s functionality, the included validation facilities were used to detect and catalog file inconsistencies and errors across all publicly available datasets in MetabolomicsWB.ResultsThe MetabolomicsWB File Status website was developed to provide continuous validation of MetabolomicsWB data files and a useful interface to all found inconsistencies and errors. This list of detectable issues/errors include format parsing errors, format compliance issues, access problems via MetabolomicsWB’s REST interface, and other small inconsistencies that can hinder reusability. The website uses the mwtab Python package to pull down and validate each available analysis file and then generates an html report. The website is updated on a weekly basis. Moreover, the Python website design utilizes GitHub and GitHub.io, providing an easy to replicate template for implementing other metadata, virtual, and meta- repositories.ConclusionsThe MetabolomicsWB File Status website provides a metadata repository of validation metadata to promote the FAIR use of existing metabolomics datasets from the MetabolomicsWB data repository.

Musical Meaning and the Semiotic Hierarchy: Towards a Cognitive Semiotics of Music

Research on the meaning of music has a long tradition, with approaches from several fields, but it lacks a coherent framework for interdisciplinary discussions. As a result, the notion of meaning in music is fragmented among contrasting perspectives. I propose a cognitive-semiotic approach to the analysis of the meaning evoked by music listening, adopting a framework that eludes disciplinary limitations and expands the notion of meaning to the phenomenological concept of intentionality. For this purpose, I apply Zlatev’s Semiotic Hierarchy to the experience of listening to music, analysing the diversity of meaning-making processes involved in music as distributed among several layers of experience. As a result, I propose an updated version of the Semiotic Hierarchy, clarifying its structure as based on possibilities of meaning-making, and allowing for temporality to pervade experience throughout all layers. I highlight the connectedness and simultaneity of different kinds of intentionality, resulting in the addition of the dimension of aesthetic experience – which I analyze as characterizing culture-general music listening. A key claim is that experiencing music aesthetically articulates the listener’s body in their inner sense of space and time, making them feel a sense of movement and vitality. This grounds music as a semiotic system, connecting with and fostering virtually uncountable subject-relative and culture-specific meaning-making acts.

Consensus on clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in China (2023 edition)

Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) is a common hematological adverse events and dose-limiting toxicities of chemotherapy. CIN may lead to dose reduction and delay of chemotherapeutic agents, febrile neutropenia and severe infection, which results in increased treatment cost, reduced efficacy of chemotherapy, and even life-threatening morbidities. Assessment of risk of CIN, early detection of FN and infection, and proper prevention and treatment play a crucial role in reducing the occurrence of CIN-related morbidities, improving patient treatment safety and anticancer efficacy. Based on evidence and expert opinion, the expert committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association issued "the consensus on diagnosis and treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in China (2023 edition)", which is an update version of the 2019 edition, aiming to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of CIN for Chinese oncologists.

Validation and reliability for the updated REAP-S dietary screener, (Rapid Eating Assessment of Participants, Short Version, v.2)

BackgroundThe American Heart Association (AHA) chose the REAP-S dietary screener in 2020 as one of three US dietary screeners recommended for integrating dietary assessment into clinical care. The REAP-S v.2 is an updated version that is aligned with the 2020–2025 US Dietary Guidelines and is easily incorporated into electronic medical records and taught to medical students.MethodsThe University of New England, Institutional Review Board, approved the study protocol. We evaluated the reliability and validity of the REAP-S v.2 scale by having first-year medical students (n = 167) complete both the REAP-S v.2 and a three-day food record and then analyzing their data with the following statistical techniques: Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity was assessed with exploratory factor analysis. Criterion validity was evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) that explored the associations between REAP-S v.2 scale item responses and selected nutrient estimates from the food record analyses. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified healthy and unhealthy diet grouping under each subscale. Further using these groupings, cut points for "good" and "bad" diets for each of the three main REAP-S v.2 subscales (Food Sufficiency/Food Insufficiency; Healthy Eating Pattern and Low Nutrient Density Foods) were calculated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. Students analyzed their three-day food intake records using an online USDA application called SuperTracker.ResultsThe Cronbach’s alpha measuring internal consistency was acceptable for the overall scale at 0.71. The exploratory factor analysis extracted three factors that roughly paralleled the three main subscales, suggesting construct validity. Most selected food record-derived nutrient values were significantly associated with scale items confirming criterion validity. The score cut points suggest that dietary counseling might be needed at ≤ 8, ≤ 10, and ≤ 16 for the above subscales.ConclusionThe REAP-S v.2 is intended for clinicians to use as a brief dietary screener with their patients. Tested in a population of first-year medical students, the REAP-S v.2 brief dietary screener showed acceptable internal consistency, criterion, and construct validity. It is easily scored and incorporated into the electronic medical record.

Graphical Visualisation of the MCNP Mesh Tally File

This paper presents an updated version of the MTV3D (Mesh Tally Visualization in 3D) program with Windows graphical user interface for visualization of the MCNP-based mesh tally files. Several improvements over the previous program version are addressing better figure export functionality ("Save as" option), switching between linear and logarithmic values on axes, dynamic figure scaling in active window, inversion of relative errors from “max” to “min” values, etc. MCNP is a well known and widely used general purpose Monte Carlo computer code for neutron, photon and electron transport simulation through arbitrary three-dimensional configurations. An important feature of the MCNP code is a graphical display of the simulation model using auxiliary program, such as X-window server, which is useful for geometry error-checking during model setup and visualisation of Monte Carlo results from a mesh tally file (i.e. meshtal file) over a structured xyz mesh. Such inspection of the model is useful for the end user, providing an insight of the Monte Carlo convergence process in a phase space and effectiveness of the selected variance reduction parameters in shielding calculations. Basic features and functionalities of the updated MTV3D program are presented on some selected hybrid-shielding problems involving ADVANTG3.0.3 and MCNP6.1.1b codes.

Performance of an Upgraded Artificial Intelligence Chatbot for Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment

This cross-sectional study assesses the accuracy of answers generated by an updated version of a popular chatbot to board certification examination preparation questions.

Probabilistic Principle Component Analysis based Feature Extraction of Embedded System Applications with Deep Neural Network based Implementation in FPGA

The study of hardware and software systems is of major are very important advent in new devices for communication and progress in system of security. In fast pace mobile and embedded devices application in every day’s life leads some new emerging area for research in data mining field. In this we have some technologies which have demand and error free using the principle of component of PPCA. For Embedded system the applications of PCA is basically applied initially for the lessen the having different qualities especially being to simple of the data. PPCA which have the updated version of PCA which is surveyed by similarity measure. In this work, experiments are extensively carried out, using a FPGA based light weight cryptographic data set having benchmark set to check and illustrate the viability, competence, litheness which are reconfigurable embedded system which are having data mining . Which have FPGA are reconfigurable for the computing architectures for hardware and in neural network. FPGA using the multilayer Cascaded for neural network which are forward in nature (CFFNN) and Deep Neural Network also called as DNN with a huge neuron is still a thought-provoking task. This shortcoming leads to elect the FPGA capacity for a particular application we have used the method of implementation which has two neural network have been implemented and compared , namely, CFFNN and DNN. It can be shown that for reconfigurable embedded system, PPCA based data mining and Machine learning based realization can give more speed up less iteration and more space savings when we have compared it with the static conventional version.

Ostracod zonation of the Givetian-Frasnian boundary interval in the Timan-North Urals Region

Research subject.Ostracods and Givetian-Frasnian boundary deposits of the Timan-North Urals Region.Materials and methods.The work was based on the results of studying ostracods from the stratotype sections of the Southern Timan, which are considered referential for regional and global correlations. The analysis of the distribution intervals of the most significant taxa was based on the results of previous studies, both published and archival materials on the Timan-Urals Region. Ostracods were considered in association with conodonts, which is an important criterion for applying a reasonable biostratigraphic subdivision. The use of different-scale regional cyclicity of sedimentation and individual “marking” levels of manifestation of global events were shown.Results.The ostracod distribution in the Givetian-Frasnian boundary interval of the Timan-Northern Urals region was analyzed. The following most significant taxa were identified: Cavellina devoniana, Cavellina uchtensis, Cavellina batalinae, Cavellina chvorostanensis, Nodella faceta, Nodella ex gr. hamata. The correlation of established assemblages with ostracods from the Franco-Belgian basin was shown. The difference consists in the absence of a polyzygid assemblage with Polyzygia beckmanni beckmanni, which was established at the base of the Nismes Formation of Belgium near the historical boundary between the Givetian and Frasnian stages. The determined relationship of biostratigraphic data in combination with the transgressive-regressive sequence of sedimentation shows a more reasonable solution to the problem of the position of the lower boundary of the Frasnian stage of the Upper Devonian in the Timan-Northern Urals Region.Conclusions.An updated version of the scheme of zonal subdivision of the Givetian-Franian boundary interval in the Timan- Northern Urals region has been developed, taking into account the ostracod distribution of the Cavellinidae and Nodellidae families, as well as the discrepancies in the levels of the first appearance of index species and the boundaries of zones in the regional stratigraphic scheme. The correlation of ostracod zones relative to the conodont scale is shown.

Развитие коммуникативных умений второклассников: особенности реализации требований ФГОС НОО

The article analyzes the difficulties in implementing the updated versions of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education and the Federal Educational Program for Primary General Education. The problem of developing the communicative skills of second-graders is considered, the ways of teaching younger students to communicate in the dialogue mode are updated. As a priority, it is proposed to use forms of joint activities that meet the requirements of the updated program documents. It is noted the need for the gradual formation in children of the ability to listen to the interlocutor and perceive information to complete educational tasks. Tasks for second-graders are offered, which help students understand the importance of mastering communication skills in the process of studying the Russian language course.

A spatially constrained QCD colour reconnection in textrm{pp}, textrm{p}A, and AA collisions in the Pythia8/Angantyr model

We present an updated version of the QCD-based colour reconnection model in Pythia8, where we constrain the range in impact parameter for which reconnections are allowed. In this way, we can introduce more realistic colour reconnections in the Angantyr model for heavy ion collisions, where previously only reconnections within separate nucleon sub-collisions have been allowed. We investigate how the new impact parameter constraint influences final states in textrm{pp} collisions, and retune parameters of the multi-parton interaction parameters in Pythia to compensate so that minimum bias data are reproduced. We also study multiplicity distributions in textrm{p}A collisions and find that, in order to counteract the loss in multiplicity due to the introduction of global colour reconnections, we need to modify some parameters in the Angantyr model while keeping the parameters tuned to textrm{pp} fixed. With Angantyr we can then extrapolate to AA collisions without further parameter tuning and retaining a reasonable description of the basic multiplicity distributions.