Updated Catalog Research Articles

An annotated type catalogue of praying mantises (Mantodea) in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH)

With this publication we provide an updated catalogue of the type material of mantises (Mantodea) deposited in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). We report 84 type specimens (51 holotypes, 25 paratypes and 8 syntypes) belonging to 64 species (45 valid names and 19 synonyms). Furthermore, we present high resolution illustrations for these type specimens.

An annotated catalogue of the type specimens of Phasmatodea deposited at the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH)

We here present an updated and annotated catalogue of the stick and leaf insect (Phasmatodea) types currently housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH), part of the Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB). We found a total of 305 type specimens, belonging to 130 species. This includes 110 primary types (45 holotypes, 13 lectotypes, 52 syntypes) and 195 paratypes and paralectotypes. Most of the species were described by Redtenbacher, others come from Zompro, Brunner von Wattenwyl, Weidner and others. We provide updated information on the taxonomy of all species. This catalogue will represent an important resource for future taxonomic work on the group.

SRG/ART-XC all-sky X-ray survey: Catalog of sources detected during the first five surveys

We present an updated catalog of sources detected by the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope aboard the Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory during its all-sky survey. It is based on the data of the first four and the partially completed fifth scans of the sky (ARTSS1-5). The catalog comprises 1545 sources detected in the 4–12 keV energy band. The achieved sensitivity ranges between ~4 × 10−12 erg s−1 cm−2 near the ecliptic plane and ~7 × 10−13 erg s−1 cm−2 near the ecliptic poles, which is a ~30–50% improvement over the previous version of the catalog based on the first two all-sky scans (ARTSS12). There are ~130 objects, excluding the expected contribution of spurious detections, that were not known as X-ray sources before the SRG/ART-XC all-sky survey. We provide information, partly based on our ongoing follow-up optical spectroscopy program, on the identification and classification of the majority of the ARTSS1-5 sources (1463), of which 173 are tentative at the moment. The majority of the classified objects (964) are extragalactic, a small fraction (30) are located in the Local Group of galaxies, and 469 are Galactic. The dominant classes of objects in the catalog are active galactic nuclei (911) and cataclysmic variables (192).

Updated Catalog of Kepler Planet Candidates: Focus on Accuracy and Orbital Periods

We present a new catalog of Kepler planet candidates that prioritizes accuracy of planetary dispositions and properties over uniformity. This catalog contains 4376 transiting planet candidates, including 1791 residing within 709 multiplanet systems, and provides the best parameters available for a large sample of Kepler planet candidates. We also provide a second set of stellar and planetary properties for transiting candidates that are uniformly derived for use in occurrence rate studies. Estimates of orbital periods have been improved, but as in previous catalogs, our tabulated values for period uncertainties do not fully account for transit timing variations (TTVs). We show that many planets are likely to have TTVs with long periodicities caused by various processes, including orbital precession, and that such TTVs imply that ephemerides of Kepler planets are not as accurate on multidecadal timescales as predicted by the small formal errors (typically 1 part in 106 and rarely >10−5) in the planets’ measured mean orbital periods during the Kepler epoch. Analysis of normalized transit durations implies that eccentricities of planets are anticorrelated with the number of companion transiting planets. Our primary catalog lists all known Kepler planet candidates that orbit and transit only one star; for completeness, we also provide an abbreviated listing of the properties of the two dozen nontransiting planets that have been identified around stars that host transiting planets discovered by Kepler.

South America holds the greatest diversity of native daisies (Asteraceae) in the world: an updated catalogue supporting continental-scale conservation.

Asteraceae is the world's richest plant family and is found on all continents, in environments ranging from the coast to the highest mountains. The family shows all growth forms and, as in other angiosperm families, species richness is concentrated in tropical regions. South America has the highest diversity of Asteraceae in the world, yet taxonomic and distributional knowledge gaps remain. This study compiles an updated catalog of Asteraceae native to South America, based on national and regional checklists and ongoing large-scale flora projects. The resulting checklist includes a total of 6,940 species and 564 genera native to South America to date, which represent about a quarter of the family's global diversity. Countries already considered to be megadiverse show the greatest diversity, such as Brazil with 2,095 species, followed by Peru (1,588), Argentina (1,377), and Colombia (1,244), with this diversity mainly focused on the Brazilian Highlands and the Andes. Species endemism also peaks in Brazil, but Sørensen distances reveal the Chilean flora to be eminently different from the rest of the continent. Tribes better represented in the continent are Eupatorieae, Senecioneae and Astereae, also with a remarkably presence of entirely South American subfamilies representing earliest diverging lineages of the Asteraceae, such as Barnadesioideae, Wunderlichioideae, Famatinanthoideae, and Stifftioideae. It is estimated that the discovery and description curves have not yet stabilized, and the number of species is likely to increase by 5 to 10% in the coming years, posing major challenges to continental-scale conservation.

Improving the open cluster census

Context. The census of open clusters has exploded in size thanks to data from the Gaia satellite. However, it is likely that many of these reported clusters are not gravitationally bound, making the open cluster census impractical for many scientific applications. Aims. We aim to test different physically motivated methods for distinguishing between bound and unbound clusters, using them to create a cleaned star cluster catalogue. Methods. We derived completeness-corrected photometric masses for 6956 clusters from our earlier work. Then, we used these masses to compute the size of the Roche surface of these clusters (their Jacobi radius) and distinguish between bound and unbound clusters. Results. We find that only 5647 (79%) of the clusters from our previous catalogue are compatible with bound open clusters, dropping to just 11% of clusters within 250 pc. Our catalogue contains 3530 open clusters in a more strongly cut high-quality sample of objects. The moving groups in our sample show different trends in their size as a function of age and mass, suggesting that they are unbound and undergoing different dynamical processes. Our cluster mass measurements constitute the largest catalogue of Milky Way cluster masses to date, which we also use for further science. Firstly, we inferred the mass-dependent completeness limit of the open cluster census, showing that the census is complete within 1.8 kpc only for objects heavier than 230 M⊙. Next, we derived a completeness-corrected age and mass function for our open cluster catalogue, including estimating that the Milky Way contains a total of 1.3 × 105 open clusters, only ∼4% of which are currently known. Finally, we show that most open clusters have mass functions compatible with the Kroupa initial mass function. Conclusions. We demonstrate Jacobi radii for distinguishing between bound and unbound star clusters, and publish an updated star cluster catalogue with masses and improved cluster classifications.

Catalogue and identification key of the bee genus Epeolus Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Palaearctic region

Available information about bees of the genus Epeolus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the Palaearctic region is summarized. Forty-eight species are currently known from this area. A new synonymy is proposed for Epeolus tsushimensis Cockerell, 1926=E. japonicus Bischoff, 1930, syn. nov. and a lectotype is designated for E. fallax Morawitz, 1872. The first illustrated key and an updated catalogue of all 48 species known from the Palaearctic region are provided. Brief information about the history of the study and distribution patterns of these сleptoparasitic bees is also included.

Modeling the dispersion measure—redshift relation for fast radio bursts

This theoretical work investigates different models to predict the redshift of fast radio bursts (FRBs) from their observed dispersion measure (DM) and other reported properties. We performed an extended revision of the FRBs with confirmed galaxy hosts in the literature and built the most updated catalog to date. With this sample of FRBs, we propose four models that relate the DM and z: a linear trend (inspired by the Macquart relation), a log-parabolic function, a power law, and an interpolation for DM that includes z and the position of the host galaxy of the transient. The latter model has the highest success rate according to the metrics implemented: likelihood, median of the z difference, and the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. Although the performance of model D is closely followed by the power law and linear models, the former has the advantage of accounting for anisotropies in the dispersion measure due to the angular coordinates. Conversely, the log-parabolic formula performs poorly in this task but provides a good prediction for FRBs with low DM at a low redshift. Additionally, we use the reported galaxy properties of the hosts to establish a connection between the observed DM with the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass (Ms) of the galaxies where the FRBs reside. In both cases, we find a weak correlation. Although the studied correlations are well-motivated, the sample of FRBs is not statistically significant enough to draw solid conclusions in this second part of our work. With the advent of new facilities devoted to studying the localization and nature of these transients, we will get access to new data that will enrich the proposed models and give us hints on the astrophysical origin and evolution of FRBs.

UPCluster-SZ: The Updated Catalog of Galaxy Clusters from the List of Planck Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Sources

We present the updated galaxy cluster catalog of the second Planck catalog of Sunyaev–Zel’dovich sources (PSZ2) through the compilation of the data for clusters and galaxies with spectroscopically measured redshifts in the literature. The original version of PSZ2 comprises 1653 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) sources, of which 1203 have been validated as genuine galaxy clusters, while the remaining 450 sources are yet to be validated. To increase the number of genuine clusters in PSZ2, we first update the validations of the cluster candidates and their redshift information using the data compiled for the confirmed clusters and the member galaxies in the literature. We then use the galaxy redshift data in the fields of the remaining cluster candidates by searching for possible member galaxies with measured spectroscopic redshifts around the SZ centroids. In this search process, we classify clusters as strong candidates if they contain more than nine galaxies within a 4500 km s−1 velocity range and within 15′ around the SZ centroids. This process results in the validation of 139 new genuine clusters, the update of redshift information on 399 clusters, and the identification of 10 strong candidates, which increases the number of validated clusters up to 1334 among the 1653 SZ sources. Our updated galaxy cluster catalog will be very useful for studies of galaxy formation and cosmology through a combination with other all-sky surveys including the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and SPHEREx.

Multilayer anisotropy along the Alaska-Aleutians Subduction zone

SUMMARY Increasing evidence from seismic methods shows that anisotropy within subduction zones should consist of multiple layers. To test this, we calculate and model shear wave splitting across the Alaska-Aleutians Subduction Zone (AASZ), where previous studies have argued for separate layers of anisotropy in the subslab, slab and mantle wedge. We present an updated teleseismic splitting catalogue along the span of the AASZ, which has many broad-band seismometers recently upgraded to three components. Splitting observations are sparse in the Western Aleutians, and fast directions are oriented generally trench parallel. There are significantly more splitting measurements further east along the AASZ. We identify six regions in the Central and Eastern Aleutians, Alaskan Peninsula and Cook Inlet with a high density of splits suitable for multilayered anisotropy analyses. These regions were tested for multilayer anisotropy, and for five of the six regions we favour multiple layers over a single layer of anisotropy. We find that the optimal setup for our models is one with a dipping middle layer oriented parallel to palaeospreading. A prominent feature of our modelling is that fast directions above and below the dipping layer are generally oriented parallel to the strike of the slab. Additionally, we lay out a framework for robust and statistically reliable multilayer shear wave splitting modelling.

Lost and found manuscripts of Targum

In this article I describe the re-identification of two Targum manuscripts thought to be lost. (1) A Pentateuch with Targum formerly held in the convent of S. Salvatore, Bologna (Kennicott 532): I show that the lost manuscript is identical with MS. Vatican ebr. 608, and provide an updated catalogue summary of the Hebrew manuscripts from the convent’s library. (2) A manuscript of Writings Targums in Turin, National University Library, 22 (A.II.2): an examination of the restored remains of the manuscript reveals it contains a hitherto unknown copy of the Aramaic Dream of Mordecai.

Distribution Properties of the 6.7 GHz Methanol Masers and Their Surrounding Gases in the Milky Way

An updated catalog consisting of 1092 6.7 GHz methanol maser sources is reported in this work. Additionally, the NH3 (1, 1), NH3 (2, 2), and NH3 (3, 3) transitions were observed toward 214 star-forming regions using the Shanghai Tianma radio telescope in order to examine the differences in physical environments, such as the excitation temperature and column density of molecular clouds associated with methanol masers on the Galactic scale. Statistical results reveal that the number of 6.7 GHz methanol masers in the Perseus arm is significantly lower than that in the other three main spiral arms. In addition, the Perseus arm also has the lowest gas column density among the main spiral arms traced by the NH3 observations. Both findings suggest that the Perseus arm has the lowest rate of high-mass star formation compared to the other three main spiral arms. We also observed a trend in which both the luminosity of the 6.7 GHz methanol masers and the ammonia gas column density decreased with the galactocentric distance. This finding indicates that the density of material in the inner Milky Way is generally higher than that in the outer Milky Way. This further suggests that high-mass stars are more easily formed at the head of the spiral arms. Furthermore, we found that the column density of ammonia gas is higher in the regions on the arms than in the inter-arm regions, supporting that the former is more likely to be the birthplace of high-mass stars.

AN UNNOTICED COPY OF PRAXITELES’ EROS AT PARION FROM SALAMIS ON CYPRUS

The marble statue of Eros at Parion, a work by Praxiteles, is known thanks to Pliny 36.22. This Latin writer reports that a Rhodian man, Alketas, physically loved the statue. This image is reproduced on coins of this town from the reign of Antonine Pius until that of Aemilian, that is from around AD 140 to 253. This article provides a new catalogue of these coin types and a description of the Eros figure represented on coins. Statues derived from this masterpiece have been recognized, but they are variations rather than copies because they do not coincide entirely with the image of Eros represented on coins. This study provides also an updated catalogue of these variations, disposed in a chronological order, from the late classical times to the Antonine period, that is from around 340 BC to around AD 160. However, a marble statue entirely in keeping with the figure on coins does exist at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. It originates from the gymnasium of Salamis in Cyprus. The statue dates to Hadrianic times, a period when Praxitelean statues were often copied. This copy allows us to appreciate Praxiteles’ treatment of the surfaces of this important creation for the first time.The torso reveals a good balance between the body’s structure and sense of skin, suggesting that the original statue was pertinent to the Praxitelean production of the early maturity of the sculptor (around 350 BC) because the prevalence of a velvety epidermis upon bones and muscles characterizes the late production of this Athenian sculptor.

Taxonomic revision of the oil-collecting bee subgenus Epicharis (Epicharitides) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with the description of two new species

A taxonomic revision of the oil-collecting bees of the subgenus Epicharis (Epicharitides) Moure, 1945 is provided. A total of nine species were recognized: E. cockerelli Friese, 1900; E. duckei Friese, 1901; E. iheringi Friese, 1899; E. luteocincta Moure & Seabra, 1959; E. minima (Friese, 1904); E. obscura Friese, 1899, and E. rufescens Moure & Seabra, 1959, along with E. mesoamericana sp. nov. and E. lia sp. nov., two new species from the Central American and Amazonian provinces, respectively. Redescriptions, diagnoses, and figures of specimens of both sexes, floral records, distribution maps, an identification key, and an updated catalogue of all species of the group are also provided. In addition, the lectotype of E. duckei was also designated to stabilize the application of the name.

An updated catalog of IPS radio sources observed by MEXART at 140 MHz for space weather studies

The Mexican Array Radio Telescope (MEXART) is an instrument dedicated to performing interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations at 140 MHz. After the MEXART backend’s digitization, the array’s technical capabilities have improved substantially, and we observe new IPS sources. By analyzing observations recorded from June 2020 to June 2022, we present an updated catalog of radio sources observed with an IPS signature by MEXART. First, we implemented an algorithm to treat the noise presented by some channels in the frequency. Next, we obtained the spectra of the observations to get the frequency of the Fresnel’s knee and determine whether each radio source exhibited IPS. We then estimated the source’s flux at 140 MHz by interpolating flux density data to different frequencies using the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Finally, we present a list of 38 radio sources showing IPS signatures. The source list presents declination, right ascension, and flux at 140 MHz. This updated catalog will allow studies of solar wind properties in the inner heliosphere using MEXART data.

GLACE survey: OSIRIS/GTC tuneable imaging of the galaxy cluster ZwCl 0024.0+1652. II. The mass–metallicity relationship and the effect of the environment

In this paper, we revisit the data for the galaxy cluster ZwCl 0024.0+1652 provided by the GLACE survey and study the mass--metallicity function and its relationship with the environment. Here we describe an alternative way to reduce the data from OSIRIS tunable filters. This method gives us better uncertainties in the fluxes of the emission lines and the derived quantities. We present an updated catalogue of cluster galaxies with emission in and We also discuss the biases of these new fluxes and describe the way in which we calculated the mass--metallicity relationship and its uncertainties. We generated a new catalogue of 84 emission-line galaxies with reliable fluxes in and lines from a list of 174 galaxies. We find a relationship between the clustercentric radius and the density of galaxies. We derived the mass--metallicity relationship for ZwCl 0024.0+1652 and compared it with clusters and field galaxies from the literature. We find a difference in the mass--metallicity relationship when compared to more massive clusters, with the latter showing on average higher values of abundance. This could be an effect of the quenching of the star formation, which seems to be more prevalent in low-mass galaxies in more massive clusters. We find little to no difference between ZwCl 0024.0+1652 galaxies and field galaxies located at the same redshift.

Callainireinwardtia Savage (Diptera, Muscidae) is a Cyrtoneurininae of uncertain position: Systematics and description of a new species from Brazil

Callainireinwardtia Savage is a genus of Neotropical Cyrtoneurininae known from Callainireinwardtia woodi Savage, a species only known from six specimens collected in Costa Rica. Considering the combination of a bare anepimeron, metallic blue-green color, and the morphology of the post-abdomen, the original author proposed that the genus belongs to Reinwardtiini, whose taxa are considered to belong to Cyrtoneurininae or Reinwardtiinae in more recent classifications. Here, we have described Callainireinwardtia papaveroisp. nov. isolated from Brazil. For the first time, we also tested the phylogenetic position of the genus using molecular markers (AATS, CAD, EF1-α) based on a taxonomic sample of Muscidae. We could amplify EF1-α from C. papaveroisp. nov. and analyzed the dataset using maximum likelihood. Although different analytical strategies yielded different results for the sister group of the genus, we recovered its position among Cyrtoneurininae in all cases, corroborating the previous hypothesis. Depending on the partitioning scheme, Callainireinwardtia is either a sister group of Synthesiomyia, the clade (Synthesiomyia nudiseta + Neomuscina), or a clade composed of eight Cyrtoneurininae genera (Synthesiomyia, Neomuscina, Chaetagenia, Eginia, Muscina, Passeromyia, Philornis, and Pseudoptilolepis). Considering the limitations of our dataset, the sister-group hypothesis should be carefully considered. We have also provided a key for the identification of the genus and its species, a distribution map, and an updated taxonomic catalog of the genus.

Checklist and distribution of Nepomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from China.

An updated catalog of the infraorder Nepomorpha from China is provided based on literature reports, museum specimens, and field collections. In total, 214 species of Nepomorpha are listed in 6 superfamilies, 11 families, and 37 genera, including: Aphelocheiridae (1 genus, 27 species), Belostomatidae (3 genera, 7 species), Corixidae (9 genera, 52 species), Gelastocoridae (1 genus, 3 species), Helotrephidae (5 genera, 25 species), Micronectidae (1 genus, 28 species), Naucoridae (7 genera, 12 species), Nepidae (5 genera, 21 species), Notonectidae (4 genera, 32 species), Ochteridae (1 genus, 2 species) and Pleidae (1 genus, 5 species). Paraplea liturata (Fieber, 1844) is reported from mainland China for the first time. Distribution maps are provided for most species and are based on museum specimens and our field collections.

Evaluation of Return Period and Occurrence Probability of the Maximum Magnitude Earthquakes in Iraq and Surroundings

It has long been clear that earthquake prediction is important from both social and economic perspectives; therefore, the practical objective of today’s earthquake seismology researchers is an effective earthquake prediction program. The purpose of this study is to estimate earthquake probabilities and return periods using an updated earthquake catalogue (1900-2019) for Iraq and its surroundings. Weibull’s formula and inverse Weibull’s formula were employed to calculate the period of return and the occurrence probability of the maximum magnitude earthquake. The return period for earthquakes magnitudes 5 and 7Mw was 1.1 and 10.54 years, respectively, while the occurrence probability was 93.79% and 9.5%, respectively. The greatest magnitude is 7.7, with a 121-year return period and likelihood of approximately 0.82%. The probability of exceedance increased as the time period increased. The return duration was greater for earthquakes of higher magnitudes.

An updated homogeneous earthquake catalogue and earthquake recurrence parameters of Maharashtra state, an Indian stable continental region

An updated homogeneous earthquake catalogue and earthquake recurrence parameters of Maharashtra state, an Indian stable continental region