Unsolicited Letters Research Articles

Legitimacy of parole as a consequence of policy shock: The lived experiences of incarcerated persons during the parole moratorium in Pennsylvania, U.S.

AbstractThis study examines the consequences of a policy shock to the criminal legal system through the prisms of the lived experiences of incarcerated persons. The study draws on a qualitative analysis of 159 unsolicited letters from incarcerated individuals in the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections written during the 2008–2009 Moratorium on prison releases. The results indicate that the moratorium eroded their trust and exacerbated an already existing crisis in procedural justice and legitimacy for discretionary parole, underscoring both direct and collateral consequences of this policy shock on the lived experiences of those most directly affected. Several policy implications emerge that can help improve or restore procedural justice and legitimacy of discretionary parole and corrections, more generally.

Decision making in emergency medicine: Balance between intuition and bias.

AEM Education and TrainingVolume 5, Issue 4 e10657 CORRESPONDENCE - UNSOLICITED LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Decision making in emergency medicine: Balance between intuition and bias Sadaf Sheikh MBBS, MHSc (Bioethics), Corresponding Author Sadaf Sheikh MBBS, MHSc (Bioethics) sheikh.sadaf@gmail.com orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-0012 Department of Emergency Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman Correspondence Sadaf Sheikh, Specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. Email: sheikh.sadaf@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorJoshua Mugele MD, Joshua Mugele MD Department of Emergency Medicine, Georgia Emergency Department Services (GEDS), Northeast Georgia Health System (NGHS), Gainesville, Georgia, USASearch for more papers by this author Sadaf Sheikh MBBS, MHSc (Bioethics), Corresponding Author Sadaf Sheikh MBBS, MHSc (Bioethics) sheikh.sadaf@gmail.com orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-0012 Department of Emergency Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman Correspondence Sadaf Sheikh, Specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. Email: sheikh.sadaf@gmail.comSearch for more papers by this authorJoshua Mugele MD, Joshua Mugele MD Department of Emergency Medicine, Georgia Emergency Department Services (GEDS), Northeast Georgia Health System (NGHS), Gainesville, Georgia, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 July 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.10657Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume5, Issue4October 2021e10657 RelatedInformation

Virtual postgraduate medical education: Here to stay?

AEM Education and TrainingVolume 5, Issue 4 e10649 CORRESPONDENCE – UNSOLICITED LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Virtual postgraduate medical education: Here to stay? David M. Williams MBBS, MSc, MRCP, Corresponding Author David M. Williams MBBS, MSc, MRCP [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-5837 Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK Correspondence David M. Williams, MBBS, MSc, MRCP, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorDavid Jones MBBCh, David Jones MBBCh Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UKSearch for more papers by this authorImogen Storer MBBCh, Imogen Storer MBBCh Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UKSearch for more papers by this authorThinzar Min MD, FRCP, Thinzar Min MD, FRCP Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UKSearch for more papers by this author David M. Williams MBBS, MSc, MRCP, Corresponding Author David M. Williams MBBS, MSc, MRCP [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-5837 Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK Correspondence David M. Williams, MBBS, MSc, MRCP, Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorDavid Jones MBBCh, David Jones MBBCh Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UKSearch for more papers by this authorImogen Storer MBBCh, Imogen Storer MBBCh Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UKSearch for more papers by this authorThinzar Min MD, FRCP, Thinzar Min MD, FRCP Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 12 July 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/aet2.10649 Supervising Editor: Susan Promes, MD Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume5, Issue4October 2021e10649 RelatedInformation

Writing to Barnett Newman: F. N. Souza and the End of Modernism

Beginning with an unsolicited letter to Barnett Newman written by the Indian modernist F. N. Souza, this essay seeks to reframe our understanding of the decline of modernism. Art‐historical consensus holds that, as the 1960s progressed, modernist art was swept aside by demands for political engagement to which it could not adapt. Souza's letter complicates this. On one hand, it criticizes Newman's latest paintings for expressing modernist values such as autonomy, transcendence, and universality, for amounting to the claim that ‘colour is ethics’. But on the other, rather than abandoning such concepts, as did most advanced art in the 1960s, Souza demands another, political modernism, one capable of grounding itself in reflection on the movement's historical complicity with colonialism and racism. This was a difficult project, and I reject the view that it was inherently progressive; indeed, I draw out the reactionary attitudes to which it could all‐too‐easily lead. Souza's desire, by 1969, to move beyond these without abandoning the historicity of modernism positions him closer to Newman than his letter suggests. Both proceeded, in ways that refuse the schematic alternatives of traditional art history, by making work that addressed political reality through the reflexive critique of modernism itself.

THE EARLY RECEPTION OF MOZART'S OPERAS IN LONDON: BURNEY'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY

Early in 1789 Charles Burney declined a chance to purchase the score of an unnamed Mozart opera, offered to him by Franz Anton Weber, the composer's uncle-in-law, in an unsolicited letter from Hamburg. For several years Weber had been active in supplying new Viennese repertory to northern cities such as Uppsala, Hanover and Hamburg, but in a career change, he decided to launch an itinerant opera troupe. Among the family members employed in this company was Franz Anton's daughter Jeanette, who, he claimed, had been a pupil of Mozart and Aloysia Lange. In the light of Burney's missed opportunity, my article revisits the well-researched story of Mozart reception at the King's Theatre in the late 1780s.

Unsolicited information letters to increase awareness of Lynch syndrome and familial colorectal cancer: reactions and attitudes.

Dissemination of information on a genetically increased risk should according to guidelines primarily be family-mediated. Incomplete and incorrect information spread has, however, been documented and implies missed possibilities for prevention. In Denmark, the national HNPCC register has been granted an exception to send unsolicited letters with information on hereditary colorectal cancer and an invitation to genetic counseling to members of families with familial and hereditary colorectal cancer. To evaluate this approach, we investigated reactions and attitudes to unsolicited letters in 708 members of families with genetic predisposition and in 1600 individuals from the general population. Support for information letters was expressed by 78% of the family members and by 82% of the general population. Regarding route of information, 90% of family members preferred a letter to no information, 66% preferred information from the hospital rather than from family members and 40% preferred to obtain information from a close family member. Our results suggest that use of unsolicited information letters from the health care system may be a feasible and highly acceptable strategy to disseminate information to families at high risk of colorectal cancer.

Heavy upon My Eye: Reading Carolyn Kizer’s “The Great Blue Heron” As My Mother Is Leaving

Heavy upon My Eye: Reading Carolyn Kizer’s “The Great Blue Heron” As My Mother Is Leaving Annie Finch (bio) It is hard to tell whether Carolyn Kizer’s “The Great Blue Heron,” one of her more mysterious and sad poems, is an elegy for a person or a landscape. Or for both at once. In the region of Scotland where my mother’s family originated, as in cultures throughout the world, particular hills and caves embody the legends that hold the culture of the people. And even in today’s WEIRD (Western Educated Industrial Rich Democratic) nations, to use psychologist Steven J. Heine’s term, we are still people; all of us still hold, not as buried as we think, the knowledge that a landscape’s wisdom is deeper and more lasting than that of our mortal selves. On a larger scale than a body’s meanings and wisdom are the meanings and wisdom of the places our bodies still know they belong to. This is why human experiences with the natural world make such a necessary and perennially challenging subject for a contemporary poet from the developed world. Our overly built and overly transient cultures have robbed us, both individually and tribally, of long-held meaningful connections to particular landscapes. And yet each of us has an embodied soul that is designed to feel such a connection. Our souls need that. They reach for it and pull us toward it. As I wandered on the beach I saw the heron standing Sunk in the tattered wings He wore. . . (1–4) In lamenting both mother and landscape at once, Kizer’s poem reminds us of the connections between self, land, tribe, and memory that so many of us are lacking—making it harder than it should be for us both to love and to mourn. And yet “The Great Blue Heron” also reminds us that a poem itself provides a [End Page 66] kind of landscape for those of us who may have no places in our lives capable of really connecting us with each other and ourselves. In the third and final stanza, she writes: Now there is only you Heavy upon my eye. Why have you followed me here, Heavy and far away? (43–46) I count Carolyn Kizer as a dear friend and mentor of twenty-five years. I wasn’t in touch with her often, but at four or five crucial junctions in my career she was there—writing an enthusiastic, unsolicited letter about the manuscript of my first book, reviewing the book when it came out, and encouraging me to trust my most authentic voice in a key aesthetic decision about my second book. I write this essay in the wake of Carolyn’s recent death and also as my own mother, Maggie, at ninety-four, is starting to fade from her loved ones due to memory loss. A prolific and brilliant self-published poet, she was my first poetic guide. I’ve been editing a book of her poetry, her fourth, enjoying its beauty, racing to finish it before it’s too late for her to recognize and enjoy its publication. I want her to have it, to hold it, to know it’s there while she still can, because she knows full well that poetry will remember her. Of course it will. After all, who was the mother of the Muses? Kizer’s poems, far-seeing feminist that she was, often involve women and memory. There are the tales commemorating heroines (mythic or actual women such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s wife Fanny) to save them from oblivion; there are reminiscences in tribute to friends (Kizer is undoubtedly one of the great poets of women’s friendship); there are memories of her daunting, courageous mother, who seems to embody for her a connection to the heart of nature that is chthonic and unfathomable. In “The Intruder,” she describes the defeat of her mother’s efforts to be linked to nature’s weirdness—by the “pallid, yellow” lice she found in the wrinkled wings of a bat. But in “The Great Blue Heron,” the mother is completely clued in, almost a shamanic figure...

Qualitative analysis of transgender inmates' correspondence: implications for departments of correction.

Claims of inadequate health care and safety afforded to transgender inmates have become the subject of litigation. This article reviews 129 unsolicited letters from transgender inmates writing from 24 states and the Federal Bureau of Prisons to identify their concerns. Among the letters reviewed were reports from 10 inmates who had filed lawsuits naming departments of correction (DOCs) as defendants, claiming inadequate access to transgender health care. Five of these lawsuits have gone to trial. In all of those cases, the defendant settled the matter or was found liable as of the time of this report. Claims of inadequate care for transgendered patients that have sufficient merit to be fully litigated in U.S. courts appear likely to produce verdicts in favor of plaintiff inmates. The information gleaned from reviewing letters from transgendered inmates may alert staffs of DOCs to concerns worth addressing proactively to avoid the costs associated with transgender-related lawsuits.

Group Audiologic Rehabilitation for Adults and Their Communication Partners

Group Audiologic Rehabilitation for Adults and Their Communication Partners

Looking beyond risk: A study of lay epidemiology of childhood disorders

Davison, Frankel, and Davey Smith (1989) conceptualised lay epidemiology as the process of interpreting health risks through considering non-traditional sources of information drawn from personal networks and from the public arena. We analysed 100 unsolicited letters received by professional epidemiologists studying the causes of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). The correspondents sourced their ideas from an interaction between personal, social, media, and scientific sources, as well as conducting their own studies. Thus their correspondence represented a form of lay epidemiology in action, and as such provides a useful pointer to how ‘lay expertise’ may be harnessed in practice. The vast majority of the letters put forward theories and hypotheses about hazards related to early twenty-first century society, either medical technologies, unavoidable by-products of technology, or risks created by modern lifestyles. Given the conclusions of previous studies a surprisingly small minority put forward causes related to vaccines. This disparity is discussed. The findings shed light on the nature of public trust of institutions involved in the definition of risk. They underline the strength of public concern not just about vaccines, but more widely about risks of modern society and technology causing childhood disorders.

The "Janus Interface": A Meditation on the Cosmology of Peter Whitehead

The "Janus Interface":A Meditation on the Cosmology of Peter Whitehead Jan B. Gordon (bio) The eye cannot see itself; we cannot project from ourselves, and contemplate as an object our own contemplating faculty or appreciate our own appreciating power. Thomas De Quincey The eye, like consciousness itself for Thomas De Quincey,1 is transparent to itself, a transparency that constitutes a resistance, a motif common to Peter Whitehead's films as well as his novels (see figure 1), where the transparency of the medium, celluloid, is matched by a self-referentiality between and among his texts where the same characters appear and reappear. Without a knowledge of all the texts (which constitute a series), the characters are opaque. This transparency, born of recurrence, a kind of sine qua non of his achievement, makes no space for Husserlian "bracketing," by which an object or character might be reduced to a thing-in-itself, which speaks in and for itself, irrespective of context or supplementary categories of the understanding. Whitehead's recycled characters in film or novels are always both heirs (from previous novels) and leave traces in later work. They are conscious of a serial existence or the potential for perpetual reincarnation: a role in a collective memory that renders them vulnerable to sharing historical and cinematic space. But De Quincey's argument notwithstanding, we continue to try to see ourselves seeing or contemplating ourselves contemplating, as long as self-consciousness is deemed to define us as humans. The impossibility of second-order perceptions would imply that self-reflection invariably corrupts—hence the presence of "interferences," a kind of communicative "static" that prevents exposure to contingencies in Whitehead's world. This problematic [End Page 836] poses its own strategies of resistance and justification; why shouldn't our very resistances be as vulnerable to resistance, a second-order resistance, as it were, to match the inability to appreciate ourselves appreciating or contemplating? Peter Whitehead's strategy for coping with the problem resembles that of De Quincey insofar as his films often present the viewer, as De Quincey did his nineteenth-century readers, with a characteristic narrative structure. At the beginning, the narrative flow of the images creates an exterior story with enough markers to give the film the appearance of a documentary. The films then repress the documentary into a world of associated or remembered images—often from antecedent mnemonic archives. The films often conclude not with the emergence of the repressed docu-narrative, but with images so "submerged" that the seemingly "abstract" images of natural processes, textures, and surfaces remain as a kind of residue. The putative "natural" world is never entirely natural but always already inflected, as if it constituted a grammar. Click for larger view View full resolution Figure 1. Terrorism Considered as One of the Fine Arts, 2009 De Quincey's problem, albeit inverted, became my own when I received an unsolicited letter in my mailbox at Tokyo University of Foreign Studies in 1996 from Peter Whitehead. Academics—unlike Michael Schlieman, also known as Milton Crookshank, a per sis tent presence in Whitehead's recent films and novels—have a kind of endowed institutional immunity against letters whose formats do not participate in the Manichaean bifurcations of academic [End Page 837] consciousness: acceptance or rejection of submissions to publishers or deans. We academics participate in a bifurcated world of positive (acceptance) and negative (rejection), and like lovers perhaps, file correspondence under these easily categorized designations. Our Cartesian nomenclature never allows for the emptiness, the absence, of the palimpsest, a communicative channel that also functions as an obstruction. "Traces" are difficult to file on the desk or in the mind, precisely because they exist as a differential from any easily recoverable origin or intention, but only in reproduction. We typically can depart from our categorized space (not Whitehead's ever-regenerating space) only by receiving an unsolicited message, a signal, that there are others whom we cannot directly know who nonetheless "speak to us" as a dialogic partner—as a ghost familiar with our being. These good letters never really speak, but create the illusion of speaking by a combination of presumed familiarity and punctuation marks, which indicate...

Lima's Letters: A 9-Year-Old's Perspective on What Matters Most in the Classroom

SOMETIMES it is important to put aside the research journals, political commentaries, and popular news about the state of education and stop long enough to listen to the voice of a 9-year-old. This past year, my daughter began writing letters to me about her fourth-grade classroom experiences. As a teacher educator who is caught up in educational research, theory, and current issues, I appreciated being granted access to this unique perspective, which, unfortunately, is not often considered in my work. In this age of accountability, standards, and policies handed down from administrators and politicians, perhaps the honesty of a child is our best lens for examining what is really going on in schools. As I began sharing these letters with college students preparing to become teachers, they were struck by the candidness of a fourth-grader's words about what matters most. Although these letters come from only one child's school experiences, the concepts they highlight are not new and have been researched substantially for many years. Yet, in this stressful time of increased demands from standards and testing, what once were considered the best teaching strategies often end up being summarily brushed aside. Lina's letters give us an opportunity to revisit our thinking about what makes a successful learning environment. Before I share a fourth-grader's top picks for the elements of a good school, it might be helpful to give a quick summary of Lina's schooling experiences. Lina began by attending a traditional public school in a north-west Indiana suburban district that boasted of high test scores and strict discipline. She performed well academically, since she carefully completed all her work and was above average in almost all areas. She was quiet in the classroom and complied with instructions. As Lina began moving through the primary grades, however, I noticed that school was starting to wear her down. There were many times when the workload was too much and frustrations mounted. Lina wasn't particularly speedy in recalling her math facts and began receiving poor grades on her daily timed math-facts tests. For the first time, she found herself not enjoying school and began making statements about how she wasn't good in math and not very smart. A variety of circumstances provided an opportunity for Lina to attend a charter school. This is when she began writing letters, primarily comparing and contrasting her experiences of these two different school environments. After receiving two unsolicited letters regarding Lina's classroom experiences, I gave her a single prompt: Write to me about what happened in school today. In the excerpts from her letters that follow, I have taken care to quote her writing directly, so as to capture the exact nature of the content, ignoring problems with grammar. I have corrected some spelling to help with readability. Building a Community One of the first letters I received from Lina indicated that she had experienced a huge shift in philosophy when she transferred into her new school. It appeared that one of the school's priorities during the first weeks of classes was to establish a sense of community among all learners. School is so GREAT! At the beginning of the day the 4th-7th grade classes combine until nine o'clock. We play games to get to know each other better. Recesses and lunches were also times when students of different grade levels could interact with one another. This arrangement seemed to promote an environment that was inclusive and helped the students build relationships with schoolmates of different ages. Lina was able to make several friends outside her class and grade level. The school also had a Lunch Buddy program, which assigned a younger student to an older one. Lina described this opportunity positively in her letters as well. Many of the activities the school used came from the Tribes Learning Communities philosophy. …

Comment: Codes and Confessions

Sheila Fitzpatrick has provided a useful history of our field in recent times, and she has done so in a gracious and personally revealing way. She is perhaps the most prolific and influential member of the field, and her observations cannot help but be tasty food for thought, especially as they come to us without the bitterness and defensive spite to which she might be entitled.Here I would like to reflect on some of the reasons why I think the controversy became so angry, why it went beyond the bounds of normal academic dispute. And bitter it was. In addition to vilification in print, our universities received unsolicited tenure letters suggesting that we were incompetent and dangerous. Editors published angry unsolicited book reviews submitted by our critics. One editor continued to solicit readers' reports on an article I submitted until he finally got a negative one. With five reports, four to one in favor of publishing, he nevertheless rejected the piece. Sometimes you just cannot win.

SASSI: A REPLY TO THE CRITIQUE OF FELDSTEIN & MILLER (2007)

SASSI: A REPLY TO THE CRITIQUE OF FELDSTEIN & MILLER (2007)

Thomas Cranmer and Johannes Dantiscus: Retractation and Additions

The friendship of Thomas Cranmer with the Polish humanist and diplomat Bishop Johannes Dantiscus is one of the most interesting among Cranmer's European-wide circle of acquaintance. Although it was extremely episodic and petered out in religious disagreement, it was a vivid and early illustration of the international cast of mind of this central figure of the English Reformation. So one of the archival discoveries which pleased me most in writing my biography of Thomas Cranmer was a pair of letters from Cranmer to Johannes Dantiscus. I learned of these letters through the generosity of Dr Stephen Ryle, who sent me an unsolicited letter about them while I was actually reading the proofs of my book, and supplied me with photocopies of the originals in the Czartoryski Library in Kraków, preserved amid other fragments of the Polish royal archives. As I hastened to read these, in a frighteningly brief window of opportunity before my proofs had to be completed, I found a beguilingly and startlingly novel addition to Cranmer's career, which necessitated last-minute alterations to my text. The letters were dateable to early summer 1527. The first letter was written from Bilbao on the Basque coast, while the writer was waiting for a ship to England, and passed on greetings to Dantiscus from a number of mutual acquaintances in diplomatic circles at the emperor's court in Spain.

Coronary Calcium Screening and the American Heart Association News Embargo

Coronary calcium imaging with computed tomography (CT) for the detection of coronary artery disease has emerged as one of several novel measures of cardiovascular risk. These measures, which also include C-reactive protein, homocysteine, lipoprotein-a, the ankle-brachial index, and carotid intimal-medial thickness, have been the subject of considerable interest on the part of the medical profession and the media for a number of years. Their role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease has not been firmly established, however, and hence the American Heart Association (AHA) has not recommended their implementation on a population-wide basis. The AHA’s current position on CT scanning for coronary calcification has been articulated in 3 statements dating from 2000.1–3 When a physician is faced with a patient at intermediate risk, selected use of coronary calcium scores may be appropriate if the results have the potential to alter the treatment of the patient. The published literature does not yet, however, clearly define whether long-term patient outcomes can be improved by modifying treatment on the basis of coronary calcium scores. Thus, which asymptomatic individuals require or will benefit from CT scanning has not yet been determined with certainty. These statements pertain equally to the other emerging measures of risk noted above. Coronary scanning with CT has received increased media attention over the past few months, perhaps in the wake of reports of cardiovascular procedures performed on noteworthy public figures. Recent reports in the lay press suggested that the AHA’s position on this subject was about to change and that the Association would endorse this technology for atherosclerosis screening in asymptomatic individuals. These reports have led to an unfortunate level of speculation by the public and the medical community, principally because the statement of imminent support is simply incorrect: The AHA does not endorse devices, equipment, or medications, …

The genetic connections of Alzheimer's disease: An emerging source of caregiver stress

The purpose of this study was to expand and refine current theoretical conceptualization of dementia caregiving by identifying and analyzing new potential sources of stress. A qualitative analysis of unsolicited letters ( N=51) written by family caregivers of persons diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) was conducted. Content analysis of the data confirmed that providing care for persons diagnosed with AD could impart emotional, physiological, and financial stress on caregivers. The data also revealed an emerging source of stress for family caregivers—fears and uncertainties regarding possible genetic connections between family caregivers and relatives suffering from AD. These results strongly suggest that concerns with genetic connections should be included in theoretical models of stress and dementia caregiving. Implications include the need for increased dissemination of information regarding genetic connections and AD, as well as increased support for family members if and when genetic connections are discovered.

“Scientific Certainty”: Wesley Critz George, Racial Science and Organised White Resistance in North Carolina, 1954–1962

In November 1954, Eugene “Gene” Hood, a former executive of North Carolina's Cone Mills, wrote an unsolicited letter to Wesley Critz George, Emeritus Professor of Histology and Embryology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Hood was writing in his capacity as de facto leader of an enclave of hard-line segregationists, based in North Carolina's Piedmont region. Six months had passed since the Supreme Court's Brown decision had effectively rendered segregation unconstitutional, and Hood and his colleagues were becoming increasingly agitated by the lack of an organised, coherent response to the Court's edict in the Tar Heel State. The Piedmont segregationists, a disparate group of lawyers and businessmen, refused to be cast as pariahs in the wake of Brown. Rather, they believed that a sizeable majority of white North Carolinians shared their views on the continued segregation of the races, and, moreover, that a significant number of them would be willing to join a crusade for all-out resistance to federally mandated desegregation. The group's overarching problem was one of trying to devise a strategy that would harness that pro-segregation opinion for maximum effect. On 22 November, after another round of discussions between the group members provided no satisfactory answers, Hood decided that it was time to seek an external stimulus. “I am convinced that we need a state-wide organization,” he wrote to George, “and I am wondering if you and your associates would consider doing something along that line.”

Sinuhe's Epistolary Salutations to the King (B 206-211)

The duel with a strong man of Rethenu is dramatic turning point in story of Sinuhe's life. It symbolizes change from a pursuit of material success to one of spiritual satisfaction.l It is conscious discovery that adherence to Egyptian way of life leads to a meaningful existence, not only on earth but beyond. The change in Sinhue's outlook deliberated in a poetical monologue is followed by demonstration of royal pardon in form of an unsolicited letter from king to which Sinuhe replies.2 Although an artistic creation, it can be considered an imitation of kind of letter to be envisioned as sent to king by a grateful but timid subject. As is well known, letter opens after appreciating royal reaction with a lengthy invocation of a slew of deities to act in support of king. As Gardiner already pointed out, the list of gods is a peculiar one.3 According to him, it consists of the gods of reigning Dynastic family, the cosmic deities, and certain other gods, mostly connected with distant lands. Lef?bvre4 basically followed this division into dieux de la dynastie r?gante, les principales divinit?s cosmiques, d'au tres divinit?s cosmiques. In most of more recent translations of text5 particulars of divine listing have been bypassed. An exception was Yoyotte,6 who saw in it Le panth?on de la pro vince de Th?bes; further, divinit?s qui ?taient cens?s exercer une souverainet? particuli?re sur les principales routes fr?quent?s par les voyageurs ?gyptiens and, in a final recapitulation, tous les dieux du To-Meri et des Iles de la Tr?s-Verte.

But Who’s Dennis Miller?

For the first time in five years the Friends of the Northern Storytelling Festival didn’t have to hunt for acts. All the participants in the July 1992 festival were chosen from unsolicited letters and portfolios; they actually had to turn people down. This doesn’t mean life has become easier for the staff and volunteers of the festival. For co-ordinator Michele Emslie, the work doesn’t even slow down until long after the stories are over, and by the fall the fundraising starts again.