Purpose: To study of viscoelastic and electrical parameters, Erythrocyte (Er) membrane structure, phosphorus compound Er and indicators of hemostasis in patients with stroke, to create new methods for diagnosis and prevention of recurrent strokes. Methods: The study included 215 men (51.7+4.1 years old), of which 181 - ischemic stroke, 34 - hemorrhagic, mostly in the subacute and residual periods; the comparison group - 35 healthy men. The study of electrical and viscoelastic properties of Er was performed by method of dielectrophoresis; indicators of hemostasis - by the standard methods; phosphorus compounds, membrane structure of Er - by 31P,13C NMR spectroscopy; optical parameters of Er - by terahertz spectroscopy. Results: In patients with stroke the rigidity, viscosity, electrical conductivity, the relative polarizability, indexes of agregation, destruction, the intensity of NMR peaks, reflecting the signals of 2,3-DPG, inorganic phosphate, carbonyl and aliphatic regions, the rate of leukocyte-platelet aggregation, the level of von Willebrand factor were significantly above, and an average diameter of the cells, the polarizability, capacitance of cell membranes, dipole moment, the amplitude of Er deformation, the intensity of resonances Δ-,α-, β-,Mg-ATP, β- and α-ADP, aggregation of platelets - lower than in the controls (p<0,0001-0,05). We found low levels of amplitude transmission of terahertz radiation at all frequencies in stroke patients in comparison with the controls (p<0,001-0,05). Patients with stroke were heterogeneous in rheological parameters. The patients with elements of the metabolic syndrome (1st group) had marked disturbances of the Er deformability, predisposing to the development of microcirculatory disorders and tissue hypoxia with a deficit of intracellular macroergs. The patients of the 2nd group (without traditional risk factors) had fragile Er membranes with increased hemolysis, predisposing to abnormal aggregation and thrombosis. The Er membranes in the 1st group had increased intensity of the peaks, reflecting the resonances of cholesterol, chain saturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols and decreased in those representing the resonances chain unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, oleic), some aminoacids (cysteine, glycine, glutamicacid, methionine) then in the 2nd group (p<0,01-0,05). Conclusions: We revealed different variants of rheological disturbances of stroke. These variants require a different approach to therapy and prevention of stroke, including cases without traditional risk factors.