Unsafe Actions Research Articles

Factors Associated with Unsafe Actions for Kujang Boga Factory Workers, Bubulak Village, West Bogor District, Bogor City in 2023

Work accidents that occur are influenced by 2 (two) direct causes, namely unsafe action and unsafe conditions. Based on preliminary study data at the Kujang Boga Village Factory, data on unsafe actions such as smoking at work by as many as 25% of 36 workers, not wearing PPE when opening the oven by as much as 25%, and doing work with an unergonomic posture as much as 50% of all these unsafe actions can cause work accidents. This type of research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 36 Kujang Boga Factory workers with total sampling techniques. The data analysis used is chi-square. The results of the study obtained variables related to unsafe actions, namely knowledge variables (value = 0.001), work attitude variables (p-value = 0.003), PPE availability variables (p-value = 0.000), and K3 supervision variables (p-value = 0.003) while variables that were not related to unsafe actions were motivation (p-value = 0.468). This study concludes that there is a relationship between knowledge, work attitudes, availability of PPE, and K3 sup,ervision with unsafe actions on Kujang Boga Factory workers, Bubulak Village, West Bogor District, Bogor City in 2023. Suggestions for prelude factories to provide PPE with good quality and can be affordable by factory funds and create a reward and punishment system for workers.

Identify Potential Dangers of Unsafe Action and Unsafe Conditions with Work Accidents

Based on an initial survey of 30 workers, 10 of them stated that they had experienced work accidents. Among them were exposed to heating rolls, exposed to splinters of sawdust, stuck in the machine, and exposed to splashes of chemical liquids. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between unsafe action and unsafe condition with the incidence of work accidents among workers at MnM Center Tanjung Morawa Printing. Methods uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional study approach. The research population was all workers at the MnM Center Tanjung Morawa Printing, totaling 30 people and all of them were used as samples. The analysis of this study used univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. Results showed that the p-value for unsafe action (p=0.000) and unsafe condition (p=0.328). Conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between unsafe action and work accidents, there is no relationship between unsafe conditions and work accidents at the MnM Center Tanjung Morawa. It is expected that respondents pay more attention to their actions while working, as well as increased awareness and knowledge of safe work behavior.

Some Tactical Features of the Search in the Investigation of Terrorist and Extremist Crimes

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the search in criminal cases of the crimes of terrorist and extremist orientation. The preparatory and working stages of the investigative action are considered, taking into account the need to implement tactical search techniques. When investigating of terrorist and extremist crimes, a search is an unsafe investigative action for its participants, and because of this, recommendations have been developed aimed at suppressing possible threats from persons involved in the committing of crimes. It is noted that these persons may not only attempt on the life and health of the participants of the investigative action, but also provide other counteraction to the search. The importance of participation in the search actions of specialists, as well as their use of technical and forensic means, is determined. Recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of the search in tactical forensic terms are proposed. It is concluded that it is necessary to plan a search and carefully prepare for it in order to achieve search goals in the detection and investigation of terrorist and extremist crimes.

The Correlation Of Unsafe Action And Unsafe Condition On Work Accident Among Nurses At Dr Tadjuddin Chalid Hospital Makassar

Nurses working in hospital settings face a heightened susceptibility to work-related accidents, which primarily stem from two underlying factors: unsafe behaviour and hazardous conditions. Work accident data at Dr Tadjuddin Chalid, there are 12 reported cases of work accidents in 2021. The objective of this study was to establish the correlation between unsafe actions, unsafe conditions, and the frequency of work accidents among nurses at Dr Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar Hospital. The research methodology employed for this investigation was observational, adopting a cross-sectional approach. The targeted population encompassed 205 individuals, with a final sample size of 136 nurses being involved in this research endeavour. The sample is taken using a simple random sampling method. Respondent data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis used the chi-square test to see the relationship between independent variables, namely unsafe actions (perceptions, work experience, work stress, work shifts and supervision) and unsafe conditions (work environment, tools/materials and dangerous unsafe environment) with the occurrence of work accidents. The findings indicated a notable correlation between unsafe behaviour and work accidents (p-value = 0.001), alongside a significant relationship between unsafe conditions and work accidents (p-value = 0.007). In summation, it can be concluded that both unsafe behaviour and unsafe conditions are connected to the incidence of work accidents at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar Hospital. It is recommended that the hospital emphasizes enhancing the work environment's conditions and elevating the quality of training and supervision. These measures are essential for mitigating the prevalence of work accidents among nurses.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risk analysis in the villa development project

In the process of working on a construction project, there is no such thing as a work accident, therefore it is necessary to take preventive measures. One of its efforts to prevent workplace accidents is the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (K3). K3 is a form of effort to ensure the integrity and perfection of the workforce, both physically and spiritually, to create protection and security from the risk of accidents and hazards both physically and mentally. The method used in this research is Hazzard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determining Control. The construction project of Vila House identified 82 occupational risks, therefore 42 risks are classified as low risk and 40 risks are classified as medium risk. The preventive measures that can be taken to minimize the risk of Occupational Health and Safety (K3) are Eliminate Unsafe Conditions and Unsafe action socialization/ Occupational Health and Safety (K3) training, as well as Use of proper and correct (Personal Protective Equipment) and (Work Protective Equipment).

A risk assessment method based on DEMATEL-STPA and its application in safety risk evaluation of hydrogen refueling stations

Conducting STPA (System Theoretic Process Analysis) analysis for hydrogen refueling stations can identify potential safety hazards and risks in the refueling station system, and take measures to prevent and mitigate these risks, ensuring safe and reliable operation of the refueling station. This paper proposes an improved STPA method for risk analysis of hydrogen refueling stations. Specifically, this method aims to first determine the purpose of risk analysis for the refueling station system, analyzing the system-level losses, hazards, and constraints of the entire refueling station. Secondly, the control structure of the refueling station system is constructed, the system boundary is determined, and a system control structure diagram is built. Next, unsafe control actions (UCA) are identified based on control actions, and a quantitative analysis of unsafe control actions is conducted using DEMATEL, obtaining the occurrence probability of unsafe control actions in the hydrogen refueling station system. Finally, loss scenarios are identified, and causation analysis is conducted for unsafe control actions with higher occurrence probabilities, providing improvement measures and risk control recommendations. Through the improved STPA analysis, problems with the control structure, safety functions, and control and safety subsystems of the hydrogen refueling station system can be identified, the safety performance and potential problems of each subsystem can be understood, and effective measures can be proposed to reduce risks and ensure the safety of the refueling station system.

Development of a Safety Heavy-Duty Vehicle Model Considering Unsafe Acts, Unsafe Conditions and Near-Miss Events Using Structural Equation Model

The World Health Organization has revealed that Thailand ranks first in Asia with regard to the region’s road traffic death rate. Due to the growth in the domestic economy and demands in logistics, traffic congestion regularly occurs and brings higher risks to transportation, resulting in a constant increase in the accident rate involving heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), with a tendency to escalate in the future. To prevent its occurrence and solve the problem, this research aims to present a “Safety HDV Model” based on four dimensions, namely, driver behaviors, unsafe roadway environment, types of vehicles and near-miss events, which are all considered as causes of accidents. In this study, the researchers use the Delphi method to obtain a consensus from experts in logistics and safety from both public and private organizations, and then they define indicators and assess the complex dimensions. Based on the consensus, the researchers find 4 dimensions, 15 factors and 55 indicators with a high level of consensus at the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W) of 0.402 and P less than 0.001 to be relevant to safety in logistics. To estimate the influences among dimensions, the researchers apply a structural equation model and find that both absolute fit indices and incremental fit indices demonstrate good fit, with a CMIN/DF of 1.90, RMSEA of 0.048, GFI of 0.95, AGFI of 0.92 and RMR of 0.032 for the absolute fit indices and NFI of 0.97, CFI of 0.98, TLI of 0.98 and IFI of 0.98 for the incremental fit indices. As the model is consistent with data and variables, it is considered to be valid to be adopted by responsible authorities to improve unsafe roadway environments and behaviors of HDV drivers. As the data in the model can be altered by location, the model can be utilized as a tool in strategic planning and management to prevent accidents in each area of the country in the future.

The influence of hazard control and prevention toward safety behaviors and safety outcomes in coal-fired power plants using PLS-SEM

Introduction: The electrical utility industry, which plays a vital role in sustaining other sectors, contributes to high occupational accident rates in the utility industries. The high accident rate shows that there has been insufficient effort made to control unsafe actions and conditions in the workplace. This study aims to examine the influence of hazard control and prevention as leading indicators of safety behaviors and outcomes in coal-fired power plants in Malaysia. Methods: This quantitative research was conducted by distributing survey questionnaires randomly to five coal-fired power plants in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 340 respondents were involved in this research. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was performed using SmartPLS to validate and examine the relationship of the proposed model. Results: The results validate the construct of hazard control and prevention consisting of planning, action, managing, and verifying, while the safety outcomes construct consists of occupational accidents, fatal accidents, near misses, and lost time injuries. The results indicate that hazard control and prevention significantly relate to safety compliance, safety participation, safety motivation, and safety knowledge. Moreover, safety outcomes were influenced negatively by hazard control and prevention through safety compliance. Conclusion: The model provides a better understanding of the influence of hazard control and prevention on safety behavior and outcomes. Practical Applications: The model can be used as guidance for practitioners and researchers in planning and implementing hazard control and prevention to improve health and safety in the workplace.

Factors Related with Unsafe Action in Palm Oil Harvesters at PT. Priatama Riau Kebun Rupat Island

Introduction: Work accidents can be caused by unsafe action factors in the field, such as not wearing personal protective equipment (PPE), not following work procedures, and not following work safety regulations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors related to unsafe actions (unsafe behavior) in oil palm harvesters at PT Priatama Riau. Methods: This is an observational study. The study population consisted of 111 workers in the plantation harvester section. The research sample was calculated using the Slovin formula for as many as 86 workers. The independent variables consisted of OHS knowledge, attitudes, education, length of working period, age, OHS supervision, and OSH training. The dependent variable was Unsafe Action (unsafe behavior). Essential information was obtained through meetings, perceptions, and polls. The information collection instruments used in this study were survey sheets, agenda sheets, and cameras for documentation. Data analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate analyses. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-squared statistical test. Results: The factors related to unsafe action/unsafe behavior in oil palm harvesters were sex, years of service, knowledge, attitudes, OHS supervision, OHS training, and unsafe conditions. Conclusion: Judging from the factual test as a whole or together, the factors of tenure, gender, attitude, knowledge, OSH supervision, OSH training, work equipment, and unsafe conditions are related to Unsafe Actions.

Analysis of Work Safety Climate Based on Demographic Characteristics in the Phosphoric Acid Industry Using Radar Plot

Introduction: Phosphoric acid production has not been achieved in the phosphoric acid industry due to unsafe actions and conditions influenced by various factors, including workplace safety. The work safety climate can measure certain perceptions of safety factors in the workplace and has seven dimensions. The demographic characteristics have a relationship with the perceptions of working safety. This study aims to analyze the work safety climate based on demographic characteristics in the phosphoric acid industry using a radar plot. Methods: The research design was a descriptive quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The population of the study is 44 workers in the phosphoric acid industry, with a total sampling of 44 employees. The dependent variable of the study was the work safety climate, and the independent variable was the demographic characteristics. The instrument employs NOSACQ-50 (50 questions) and analyzes the data with frequency tables and radar plot diagrams. Results: Dimensions management safety priority, commitment and competence were classified as good. The work safety climate is good, based on education level and age category. The work safety dimension based on job position is classified as relatively bad. Conclusion: The best dimension of work safety climate is in the foreman job position, the dimension of work safety climate is best at the education level after high school graduation, and the dimension of work safety climate is best at all age categories.

How Is Privacy Behavior Formulated? A Review of Current Research and Synthesis of Information Privacy Behavioral Factors

What influences Information Communications and Technology (ICT) users’ privacy behavior? Several studies have shown that users state to care about their personal data. Contrary to that though, they perform unsafe privacy actions, such as ignoring to configure privacy settings. In this research, we present the results of an in-depth literature review on the factors affecting privacy behavior. We seek to investigate the underlying factors that influence individuals’ privacy-conscious behavior in the digital domain, as well as effective interventions to promote such behavior. Privacy decisions regarding the disclosure of personal information may have negative consequences on individuals’ lives, such as becoming a victim of identity theft, impersonation, etc. Moreover, third parties may exploit this information for their own benefit, such as targeted advertising practices. By identifying the factors that may affect SNS users’ privacy awareness, we can assist in creating methods for effective privacy protection and/or user-centered design. Examining the results of several research studies, we found evidence that privacy behavior is affected by a variety of factors, including individual ones (e.g., demographics) and contextual ones (e.g., financial exchanges). We synthesize a framework that aggregates the scattered factors that have been found in the literature to affect privacy behavior. Our framework can be beneficial to academics and practitioners in the private and public sectors. For example, academics can utilize our findings to create specialized information privacy courses and theoretical or laboratory modules.

Current challenges of university laboratory: Characteristics of human factors and safety management system deficiencies based on accident statistics

Introduction: In recent years, with the rapid development of university laboratory construction, frequent laboratory accidents have aroused widespread concern. There is an urgent need to improve laboratory safety management's effectiveness further, enhance laboratory accident prevention ability, and reduce the occurrence of accidents. Method: Based on the accident causation theory, this paper uses the accident analysis path of 24Model and the logical idea of WBA (Why-Because-Analysis) to statistically analyze the causative factors of 64 typical college laboratory fire and explosion accidents and find out the defects of current college laboratory management. Results: The study showed that unsafe human actions at the individual level were the most critical factors affecting laboratory safety management, with a high frequency of violations of experimental procedures (105 times) and managers' failure to perform their supervisory duties (98 times); low safety awareness and insufficient safety knowledge among laboratory personnel were key factors triggering unsafe actions. At the organizational level, the lack of training programs (92 times) and the lack of systematic procedures (106 times) are the weaknesses of the laboratory safety management system in general in all universities; the lack of safety culture construction is the root cause of laboratory management deficiencies. Conclusions: Based on the above statistical results, and taking into account the characteristics of university laboratories themselves, the root causes of poor safety are specifically analyzed and preventive measures are proposed in six areas to address the key causes of accidents. Practical Applications: The results of this study are essential for improving the ability to prevent accidents in flammable and explosive laboratories in universities.

Analysis of Energy Laboratory Safety Management in China Based on the System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes/System Theoretic Process Analysis STAMP/STPA Model

Laboratory safety in colleges and universities has received wider attention as a critical annual inspection by the Ministry of Education. The laboratory environment is complex and diverse, with many hazard factors. To effectively prevent the occurrence of laboratory emergencies in universities, the STAMP/STPA model is used to analyze the safety of energy laboratory safety management in a resource-based university. Between 2021 and 2022, we carried out laboratory safety inspection and field observation for a mining resource university in China, and identified 16 unsafe control actions in the field of energy laboratory safety management in the university, and identified ten critical causal factors leading to unsafe control actions. Combining the actual situation of the mining resource university, the short-term countermeasures and long-term countermeasures to improve laboratory safety management are proposed to guarantee the university’s laboratory safety management. Moreover, the research results have suggestions for the construction and development of laboratory safety management at similar universities.

Unsafe Actions and Unsafe Conditions About Work Accidents in Nurses at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid

Accidents are unexpected events, because behind the event there is no intentional element, especially in the form of planning. Nurses in hospitals are very vulnerable to work accidents, because there is a potential hazard from the impact or risk to occupational safety and health. This risk is not only for the direct actors working in the hospital, but also for patients, as well as visitors and the surrounding community. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between unsafe behavior and unsafe conditions for work accidents among nurses in hospitals. Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar. The research design used in this study was observational using a cross sectional approach. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The population is 205 people and the sample is 136 nurses. The results showed that there was a relationship between unsafe behavior and work accidents (p value = 0.001) and unsafe conditions also had a relationship with work accidents (p value = 0.007). So in conclusion there is a relationship between unsafe behavior and unsafe conditions with the occurrence of work accidents in hospitals. Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid Makassar. It is hoped that the hospital will pay attention to the conditions of the work environment and improve the quality of training and supervision in order to reduce the occurrence of work accidents in nurses.

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, PENERAPAN SOP DAN PEMASANGAN SAFETY SIGN DENGAN KEJADIAN KECELAKAAN KERJA DI PROYEK APARTEMEN MAHATA MARGONDA

The occurrence of work accidents is due to two main factors, namely environmental and mechanical factors or unsafe conditions and the second factor, namely human factors or unsafe actions. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, SOP implementation and installation of safety signs with work accidents in the Mahata Margonda apartment project. This research method uses a quantitative method, based on its type using a cross sectional approach with a population of general workers in the construction of the Mahata Margonda apartment project. The results of this study show that from 70 respondents there were 27 (38.6%) general construction workers known to have had work accidents, 35 (50%) workers who had low knowledge, 40 (57.1%) workers with the implementation of SOPs that did not appropriate, 37 (52.9%) according to general workers the installation of safety signs is not appropriate. Based on the results of the chi square statistical test on the knowledge variable, the p-value was 0.001<(0.05), the application of SOP was obtained with a p-value of 0.023<(0.05), the safety sign installation was obtained with a p-value of 0.020<(0.05) which shows the results of a relationship between each variable and the incidence of work accidents. In conclusion, there are general workers who have experienced work accidents, general workers with low knowledge, inappropriate implementation of SOPs and inappropriate safety signs. There is a significant relationship between knowledge, application of SOP and installation of safety signs with the incidence of work accidents in the Mahata Margonda apartment project

Pengetahuan Bahaya Kebakaran Dengan Perilaku Pengendalian Kebakaran Di PT Indo Acidatama TBK Karanganyar

The chemical industry is an industry that involves chemical substances in the manufacturing process. Industries that produce or manage chemical-based materials are categorized as having a high level of fire risk. Based on materials and production products that come from flammable materials that have potential fire and explosion hazard caused by machines, unsafe workplaces and unsafe action. This research aims to determine the correlation between the level of knowledge of fire hazards with fire control behavior. The method in this research is an analytical observational research method with a cross-sectional approach. The respondents in this study were employees of PT Indo Acidatama Tbk in the Mechanical and Electrical department with a population of 55 respondents. The sampling technique uses the total sampling technique. The measuring instrument in this research is a questionnaire to measure the level of knowledge of fire hazards and also fire control behavior that have been tested for validity and reability with a cronbach alpha value =0.876. The data analysis technique used is the Somers'd correlation test analysis. The results of the Somers’d correlation test indicate that there is a significant correlation between the variables level of knowledge of fire hazards with fire control behavior with a significance value of p value =0.000 (p value <0.05), and a correlation coefficient value of r =0.838 with a positive correlation direction (+). There is a significant correlations between the level of knowledge of fire hazards with fire control behavior with a positive relationship direction. Improved knowledge will improve occupant control behavior in fire control.

Unsafe actions and unsafe conditions in cement production workers: A Cross Sectional Study

Occupational accidents are all unplanned events that cause or have the potential to cause injury, illness, damage or other losses, both for workers and for the company. This study aims to determine the factors associated with work accidents in Cement Production workers at PT. Cement Bosowa Maros. The type of research used is quantitative with an analytic observational approach using a cross sectional design. The population in this study are cement production workers at PT. Semen Bosowa Maros with a total sampling technique of 86 people. The results showed that the variables related to work accidents were unsafe action (p-value=0.032), unsafe condition (p-value=0.002). While the unrelated variables are age (p-value = 0.244), and length of work (p-value = 1000). It is recommended to the company PT. Semen Bosowa Maros is advised to ensure that workers use proper and correct personal protective equipment while working, and conduct OHS training so that workers understand more about safe behavior and conditions so that work accidents do not occur due to unsafe behavior and conditions. And ensure a safe and comfortable work environment for workers.

KAJIAN PENGENDALIAN RESIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA DENGAN METODE HAZARD INDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL ( HIRARC ) DI PT. LANGKAT NUSANTARA KEPONG

PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong is one of the KSO companies engaged in the oil palm plantation business. In carrying out the operational activities of one PKS unit, PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong is supported by more than 100 workers who interact directly with machines and other work equipment. Every workplace contains a high potential for hazards, so a prevention and control effort is needed to prevent work accidents. The occurrence of work accidents is caused by the actions of people who do not comply with work safety (unsafe actions) and environmental conditions or processes from unsafe systems (unsafe conditions). Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) is an effort to prevent work accidents and OHS risks. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method which describes the identification and assessment of work risks. Data collection regarding identification and risk assessment was analyzed with HIRARC. HIRARC Results at PKS Gohor Lama PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong that the highest number of risk levels is at the boiler station.

The effectiveness of the implementation of a construction safety management system for the maturity safety culture in construction SOES

The construction industry is dangerous, with a high injury rate and death rate compared to other sectors. In the last decade, construction accidents in Indonesia have increased dramatically. H. W. Heinrich in his book The Accident Prevention reveals that 80% of work accidents are caused by unsafe actions and unsafe conditions. Construction safety is the safety of people who work (safe for people) in construction projects, and community safety (safe for the public). Therefore, the work safety system is a significant concern in suppressing the high number of work accidents in the construction industry.
 This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The scoping review framework was developed using PEO (Population, Exposure and Outcome). The population in question is construction workers in Indonesia, the exposure is Occupational Accident Safety, and the Outcome is the exposure and application of this work accident safety system which is the basis for researchers to determine keywords when conducting a literature
 Understanding hazard risks and implementing a good safety management system can change the safety culture in the company. Changes in safety culture that are getting better create a sense of security for workers and can increase work productivity. In the end, good business results will be obtained for the company.
 
 Keywords: individual characteristic; lactation support; lactation facilities; working mother; workplace

Relationship between the level of participation in implementing fit-to-work on unsafe behavior in lift and transport operators at PT. BJTI

Introduction: Lifting equipment operators risk having work accidents when loading/unloading containers. One of the risks can be minimized by doing a fit-to-work/ health check before work. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the level of participation in implementing fit to work on the unsafe behavior of lifting equipment operators at PT. BJTI. Methods: The research design was cross-sectional from March to May 2022. Monthly data fit to work, questionnaire sheets were used to collect data, and data were analyzed by chi-square. The respondents were as many as 77 randomly selected through cluster sampling. Data analysis was tested using chi-square test (α = 0.05). Results: As many as 69 (89.6%) showed that operators tended to behave unsafely in the high category, with details of 28 operators participating fit to work medium and 41 operators in the low sort. The chi-square results showed a significant relationship between participation fit to work and unsafe behavior with a significance p<0.05. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the level of participation fit to work on the unsafe action operator lifting equipment PT. BJTI. Therefore, it is recommended that companies provide programs to increase involvement in implementing fit-to-work by giving awards to every worker who actively participates in fit-to-work.