Unpleasant Feelings Research Articles

A grounded theory study on how Chinese international graduates of mental health programs in the United States of America adapt to professional practice in China

ABSTRACT Objective Many Chinese international graduates, having completed graduate-level programs that teach students to provide mental health services to clients (e.g. counselling, psychology, social work) in the United States of America, return to China for professional practice. However, their adaptation process often brings unexpected challenges. This study aimed to develop a process model of how Chinese international graduates from mental health programs adapted to professional practice upon their return to China. Method Using grounded theory, the researchers collected data by interviewing 12 participants who studied in mental health programs in the United States of America and returned to China for professional practice. Results A process model described how returning Chinese international graduates adapted to professional practice in China was developed. The model included the themes of chaos, transition, integration, emotional reactions, and coping strategies. Discussion The Chinese international graduates went through a process of chaos, transition, and integration. They used numerous coping strategies to facilitate the adjustment process. During the process, they experienced various emotions, including both pleasant and unpleasant feelings. The study findings offer valuable insights for returning Chinese international graduates, mental health programs in the United States of America, and the counselling profession in China.

A pooled analysis of the side effects of non-invasive Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS)

IntroductionTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a promising technique for modulating vagal afferent fibers non-invasively and has shown therapeutic potential in neurological, cognitive, and affective disorders. While previous research highlights its efficacy, the safety profile of taVNS has been less extensively examined.MethodsThis study therefore aimed to systematically investigate side effects of taVNS in a large pooled dataset consisting of n = 488 participants, utilizing a standardized questionnaire to assess ten reported side effects. Analyses included effects of stimulation type (interval vs. continuous), stimulation duration, stimulation intensity and participant characteristics (age and gender) as potential modulators.ResultsThe findings support the safety of taVNS, with minimal and mild side effects reported across participants (M = 1.86, SD = 1.36). Although participants receiving sham stimulation were 32.4% less likely to report unpleasant feelings compared to participants receiving taVNS, this effect was driven primarily by low-end ratings (specifically, a rating of 1, indicating not at all when experiencing the corresponding side effect), thus suggesting limited clinical relevance. Interval stimulation notably reduced the likelihood of some side effects, particularly for neck pain, dizziness and unpleasant feelings, suggesting potential for optimizing taVNS protocols. Stimulation intensity and duration showed few statistically significant, but clinically minimal (i.e., very small) effects.ConclusionOverall, these findings demonstrate a favorable safety profile of taVNS, with mostly mild and transient effects, supporting its use as a suitable non-invasive tool in both research and clinical applications.

Emotional Response to Various Exercise Types in Patients With Mental Disorders.

Objectives This study examined the relationship between different types of exercise bouts and emotional responses in patients with mental disorders. Methods This study utilized an acute pre-/post-interventional design. Patients participated in six types of exercises: yoga, strength training, dual-task exercises, aerobic exercises, multicomponent exercises, and dance. These sessions were conducted for 60 minutes per day, once a week, from June 2018 to February 2019. Emotional states, including pleasantness, relaxation, and anxiety, were evaluated using the Mood Check List-Short Form 2 before and after each session. Results Twenty-four patients with mental disorders, including mood disorders, schizophrenia, and other conditions, aged 20-77 years, participated in a total of 272 sessions across six exercise types. Significant emotional changes were observed before and after the exercises, with an increase in pleasant feelings and a decrease in unpleasant feelings for all exercise types except the dual-task exercises. Yoga, in particular, showed large effect sizes for emotional changes, ranging from 0.65 to 0.72. Conclusions Yoga was found to enhance pleasantness and relaxation while reducing anxiety, whereas dual-task exercises appeared less effective in providing these benefits. These findings can help inform the selection of effective exercise methods for patients with mental disorders.

Common and specific factors in psychological treatment of personality pathology

SUMMARY Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) has been widely used for a broad range of mental health problems for several decades and has been researched extensively. Its techniques are relatively easy to learn and follow in treatment protocols. Many new CBT-based psychotherapies have been developed that go further than traditional CBT, some specifically addressing personality disorders. These so-called third-wave approaches target emotional responses to situations by using strategies such as mindfulness exercises and acceptance of unpleasant thoughts and feelings (observing thoughts as ‘from afar’). In this article, we discuss the historical context of these therapies, dissect common and specific factors in some treatment modalities often used to treat personality disorders, and suggest potential future directions for research and treatment.

Virtual Healing: Application of Augmented Reality Games in Pet Loss Syndrome

Abstract: As pets gain increasing significance in family life, pet loss syndrome has emerged as a mental health concern that demands urgent attention. When their pets pass away, many pet owners physically and psychologically isolate themselves, which makes it challenging to process unpleasant feelings in a healthy way. The purpose of this study is to investigate and explore how augmented reality (AR) game design can help users cope with the psychological trauma and emotional challenges caused by pet deaths. This study utilized user research, prototype design, user testing, and comparative research to develop and evaluate the usability and healing effects of the AR game. The research results indicate that this AR game has unique advantages in interactivity, immersion, and personalized experience. It can effectively provide users with emotional support, death education, and life enlightenment, helping them deal with negative emotions and gradually accept the reality of losing their pets. This study not only provides a new perspective for the treatment of pet loss syndrome, but also opens up new directions for the application of virtual therapy in the field of mental health, emphasizing the potential of electronic therapy games in emotional healing.

Understanding tourists’ perceived urban design qualities

Utilizing the new urbanism theory in urban design, this exploratory study assessed tourists’ perceived urban design qualities (PUDQs) and the effects on their emotions and behaviors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 45 first-time tourists to Macao (China). The respondents indicated 20 urban design qualities, which were then divided into seven major urban design quality themes. These seven themes, namely landmark, aesthetics, complexity, permeability, harmony, human scale, and diversity, elicited a wide range of positive emotions such as joy, happiness, relaxation, interest, and amazement, as well as positive behaviors such as recommendation, exploration, spending, and intent to return. Permeability, on the other hand, contributed to unpleasant feelings of anger and fear and hampered wandering and exploration. Furthermore, there were discrepancies in the PUDQs across districts, as well as their emotional impact. Based on the identified PUDQs, this study elucidates how destination planners and marketers may make places more appealing by improving the destination's PUDQs and promoting and marketing their destinations.

Exploring the barriers and facilitators of helmet use among motorcyclists: A qualitative study

Objective Road traffic injuries (RTIs) have been identified as a major public health problem worldwide. Motorcyclists are one of the most vulnerable groups in terms of injuries and fatalities in road traffic crashes. Not using a helmet and head and neck injuries are the main causes of death and disability among them. This study explores barriers and facilitators of helmet use among motorcyclists. Methods A qualitative approach to conventional content analysis was employed in this research. The purposive sampling method, with maximum diversity, was used to select participants among motorcyclists and traffic police officers in Qom City, Iran. To collect data and reach data saturation, 41 face-to-face semistructured interviews with 29 motorcyclists and 12 traffic police officers were conducted using the interview guide. Results The mean and standard deviation of age were 32.6 ± 8.6 for the motorcyclist group and 34 ± 7.9 for the police group. Through qualitative data analysis, the codes were extracted from the collected data and categorized into 2 categories including barriers and facilitators. In the category of barriers 5 subcategories were identified including nonadherence to the helmet law, unpleasant feeling, psychological characteristics, economic factors, and helmet quality. In the category of facilitators, 3 subcategories were identified including education and information campaigns, encouragement and increase motivation, and policymaking and legislative measures. Conclusion Police supervision and law enforcement can be effective in improving the behavior of helmet use. Also, to create and increase the motorcyclists’ motivation to use helmets, economic and cultural incentives and social participation can be used to facilitate acceptance of the law regarding helmet use. Furthermore, quality improvement of helmets to remove barriers and physical problems such as heat, visual and auditory restrictions, head movement restrictions, and weight can be very useful. The findings of this study can help to develop more appropriate and context-based interventions to increase helmet use and therefore to prevent RTIs in the community.

Prevalence of anhedonia, anxiety, and their impact on food consumption among postgraduate Qassim University students.

A prevalent symptom of many mental health issues, such as depression, is anhedonia, which is the inability to feel joy or pleasure. Tension-induced sensations, anxious thoughts, and bodily alterations are the hallmarks of anxiety. One known environmental factor that affects mental health is diet. In this implication, eating appetizing meals has been proposed to reduce unpleasant feelings like worry. This study aimed to indicate whether eating habits among postgraduate students are related to symptoms of anhedonia and/or anxiety. In a cross-sectional study, responses were collected from a total of 393 postgraduate students. Each student self-answered the General Anxiety Disorder-7, Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale for Anhedonia, and the Food Consumption Questionnaire and reported the body weight. The prevalence of anhedonia was 28%, moderate anxiety and severe anxiety were 15.7 and 10.9%, respectively. In this research, results showed that sugary foods, fast food, and fried foods were positively associated with anxiety and anhedonia. However, fruits and vegetables were negatively associated with anxiety and anhedonia. Linear regression showed that fruit and drinking water consumption was significant with the number of meals/day. There was no significance between the number of meals per day and anhedonia; however, there was statistical significance with the total GAD-7 scale score regarding the number of meals/per day. Anhedonia and anxiety are associated with food consumption, especially foods rich in sugars, fast and fried, which help to increase positive feelings. Future studies should focus on understanding the relationship between food consumption and following a healthy diet and improving and reducing symptoms of anxiety and anhedonia in those who suffer from a stressful or task-filled lifestyle, such as students, especially postgraduate students. In addition, it focuses on the importance of awareness of the symptoms of anhedonia, which is classified as a depressive disease, and how to control anxiety to maintain better mental health.

The Relationship Between Knowledge And Attitudes Of Mothers About Premenopause In Silau Paribuan Village Silau Kahean District

Premenopause is something that is very worried and feared by every mother. Changes that occur during the premenopause period will lead to decreased estrogen hormone production accompanied by psychological and physical complaints, which are characterized by irregular menstrual cycles with prolonged menstrual bleeding and large bleeding sizes accompanied by pain. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers about pre menopause. This type of research is analytic with a cross sectional design in this study a population of 60 premenopausal women. The sample of this study was 38 people with purvosive sampling technique. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers about premenopause (p = 0.00). Mother's knowledge in dealing with premenopause is lacking and mother's attitude in dealing with premenopause is positive. Mother's knowledge is lacking because the mother has never received information about premenopause and has never received health education about premenopause. A positive mother's attitude is caused because the mother is able to divert unpleasant feelings into positive things by doing various activities, and assumes that what is experienced during premenopause is a natural thing that will be experienced by every mother. It is hoped that health workers will provide health education about premenopause, and premenopausal mothers are expected to be proactive in seeking information related to premenopause.

Dry eye disease – how our lifestyle choices can affect the disease?

Introduction: In today’s world, we know how important it is to keep healthy habits because many diseases begin with daily lifestyle choices. Dry eye disease is a disease of the ocular surface and there are many risk factors, that lead to developing this disorder. As the possible factors we can underline deficiency of vitamin D or Omega-3 fatty acids, lack of physical exercise, long screen time, or smoking tobacco. Aim of the study: This review seeks to highlight the issue of dry eye disease linked to everyday routines by examining clinical trial outcomes. Furthermore, it offers an analysis of potential strategies to prevent ocular alterations by critically evaluating the existing data. State of knowledge: The listed lifestyle choices cause a higher risk of developing dry eye disease and affect ocular health on many levels, leading to unpleasant feelings and affecting people’s lives. However, with some lifestyle changes, the risk of developing this disease can be decreased, and negative symptoms can be minimized. It is important to remember vitamin D, and Omega-3 supplementation, daily physical activity, minimalization of the time spent in front of the visual display terminals, and quitting smoking. Conclusions: Many daily habits are connected to developing dry eye disease, and it is very important to remember about the small daily changes, which can decrease the risk of the disease.

MUSIC THERAPY ON ANXIETY IN THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMEN

Introduction – Anxiety in pregnancy poses a bad risk to the fetus. Pregnancy anxiety puts the fetus at risk for problems like delayed fetal growth. These risks can affect the quality of maternal and infant health. The use of music as therapy can be used to help overcome anxiety, especially in pregnant women. This paper will try to find out the effectiveness of listening to music as therapy against anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women. Methods – Literature obtained from Google Scholar, Elsevier, and Pubmed databases with a period of 2018 to 2023. Results – Findings from kinds of literature on the use of music therapy in managing anxiety during pregnancy are very effective in lowering anxiety levels. Discuss – Music is a non-pharmaceutical intervention that can be used as therapy. The therapeutic influence that music has on the body and mind helps balance out unpleasant feelings. Conclusion – Using music as therapy during the third trimester has beneficial effects in reducing anxiety. Therefore, the use of music therapy is expected to be used as a nonpharmacological method to reduce anxiety in pregnancy. Keywords: music, anxiety, pregnancy

PENGUJIAN AKTIVITAS DAYA ANALGETIK EKSTRAK n-HEKSANA, ETIL ASETAT DAN ETANOL DAUN KANGKUNG PAGAR (Ipomoea carnea Jacq)

Pain is unpleasant symptom and feeling in of the organs, caused by tissue damage such as inflammatory conditions, infection, or related to muscle spasms. Previous research, is known that leaves Ipomoea carnea can inhibit prostaglandins which are pain mediators. This research aims to determine the activity of analgesic leaves Ipomoea carnea. The leaves Ipomoea carnea macerated with 96% ethanol and partitioned with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The three extracts tested on male white mice (Mus musculus) with a weight of 25-30 g. The research method used is the writhing test. The test animals were divided into 11 groups. Group 1 (Na CMC 0.5% positive control), Group 2 (Paracetamol as a comparison), Group 3-5 (Ipomoea carnea ethanol extract doses of 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg/Kg BW), Groups 6-8 (ethyl acetate extract of Ipomoea carnea leaves doses of 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg/kb BW) and groups 9-11 (n-hexane extract of Ipomoea carnea leaves dose 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg/kb BW). The pain inducer 0.5% acetic acid intraperitoneally. Observations were carried out for 1 hour every 5 minutes and the percentage of analgesic power was calculated. Ethanol extract provides effect than ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts, dose of 50 mg/Kg BW 62.4%; 100 mg/Kg BW 70.42% and 200 mg/Kg BW 69.15%. The significant value of the Mann-Whitney test is 0.008 from the test sample against the positive control so it can be concluded that there is analgesic activity from the ethanol extract of Ipomoea carnea leaves.

MENTAL HEALTH IMPACTS BY ELEVATED DIGITAL SCREEN TIME DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Introduction – The length of time invested in and the various activities carried out utilizing digital devices are referred to as screen time. The COVID-19 pandemic's restrictions on social interactions exacerbated the overuse of digital gadgets for everyday tasks like socializing, education, shopping, working, meeting, and entertainment. Increased screen usage has been thought to have harmful impacts on psychiatric health in studies. Methods – Several journal articles were used as references, with the inclusion criteria of literature that discuss the mental health impacts of elevated digital screen time during the pandemic of COVID-19 and its recommended measures to minimize its adverse mental health outcomes and the promotion of healthy digital habits. Results – During the pandemic of COVID-19, the unprecedented digital life led to higher numbers of anxiety, sadness, confusion, and unpleasant feelings including irritation and violence. it is crucial to know how screen use time evolved during the COVID-19 period of crisis so that the design of health promotion and intervention may be planned and informed. This study aims to discuss the mental health impacts of elevated digital screen time on the pandemic of COVID-19 and strategies to minimize its adverse mental health outcomes, and the promotion of healthy digital habits. Discuss – Boosting collaborative research involving worldwide nations to tackle COVID-19-related public health concerns can improve global evidence and future policies. Increased screen usage has been displayed to have harmful impacts on psychiatric health in studies. Excessive digital use has been linked to attention deficit disorders, social and emotional cognitive impairment, social withdrawal, phantom vibration syndrome, and major psychiatric diseases such as depression, anxiety, and gaming addiction. Conclusion – It is critical to promote good digital practices and good applications of digital media to avoid the negative effects of increased screen time. To prevent hazardous screen usage and other behaviors that may influence the mental health and welfare of COVID-19-affected people, it is critical to harness the evidence available and adopt multimodal strategies. Keywords: mental health, screen time, COVID-19.

Focus on the blind spots of clinician-patient interactions: A critical narrative review of collusion in medical setting.

Collusions, interpersonal phenomena with an impact on patients, significant others, clinicians, and care, are mainly described in the psychotherapeutic literature but also occur in the medical setting. Comprehended as an unconscious bond between two or more persons from a psychotherapeutic perspective, definitions and collusive situations described in the medical setting vary. The question arises whether medical collusions, compared to collusions occurring in the psychiatric setting emerge in different clinical situations or are not identified as transference-countertransference experiences, since there is less sensitivity for the unconscious dimensions of care. We systematically reviewed the medical literature on collusions. Even though a read threat, avoidance of unpleasant feelings (mainly anxiety), runs through the described collusions, the unconscious dimensions and associated defensive maneuvers are rarely evoked. Given the expressed desire to act on collusions in medicine, involving third-party psychiatric liaison clinicians, who supervise clinicians, and hereby help to disentangle collusions, could be beneficial.

Unveiling Chinese EFL students’ academic burnout and its prediction by anxiety, boredom, and hopelessness: a latent growth curve modeling

ABSTRACT Due to the undesirable influences of academic burnout on students’ overall well-being, multitudes of studies have examined this psychological distress and its potential antecedents. Nevertheless, earlier studies have predominantly employed a linear, monolithic research method to probe students’ academic burnout. Moreover, the majority of existing studies have exclusively concentrated on the external predictors of this phenomenon. To address these gaps, adopting the ‘latent growth curve modeling (LGCM)’ as a dynamic research approach, the current inquiry examined Chinese EFL students’ academic burnout and its potential variations over a course of a semester. With this approach, this inquiry assessed the role of boredom, hopelessness, and anxiety as internal predictors of students’ academic burnout. For this purpose, 621 EFL students were randomly chosen from two Chinese universities and four self-scoring questionnaires were given to participants at the onset, middle, and conclusion of the semester. The outcomes of the LGCM disclosed that the rate of students’ academic burnout reduced throughout the semester. The findings further revealed that students’ unpleasant feelings, boredom, hopelessness, and anxiety, positively predicted their academic burnout. Overall, the results of this longitudinal research would be invaluable for language teachers seeking to reduce academic burnout among their learners.

Both pleasant and unpleasant emotional feelings follow Weber's law but it depends how you ask.

It remains unclear how we become aware of our emotions. The perceptual theory argues that emotions are a form of perception and reach awareness just like simple sensations. The theory was recently supported by Berkovich and Meiran (2023) showing, using evidence accumulation modeling of pleasantness reports, that pleasant emotional feelings follow one of the most basic psychophysical laws, Weber's Law, as nearly all sensations do. Contrary to predictions, this was true for pleasantness and not for unpleasantness. In this work, of which data were collected at the end of 2022, we employed the same experimental approach and successfully replicated the results but only when pleasantness was probed directly (emotions described as either "positive feeling" or "positive vs. negative feeling"). We unexpectedly found that the results flipped when we probed unpleasantness directly (i.e., "negative feeling") where we found that unpleasantness followed Weber's Law while pleasantness did not. Thus, Weber's Law holds for both pleasant and unpleasant feelings when probed directly, thereby providing an even stronger support for the perceptual theory. This in turn suggests that Weber's Law contributes to phenomena such as the unsuccessful pursuit of happiness and why psychotherapy is especially effective in leading to felt improvement when focusing on enhancing positive emotions and not on reducing negative emotions. The findings are limited by the fact that the participants were nondepressed undergraduate students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Comparison Between Pregabalin and Sertraline in the Treatment of Uremic Pruritus in Patients With Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Introduction Pruritus, a medical symptom also known as itch, is characterized by an unpleasant feeling coupled with the urge to scratch. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have symptoms of pruritus due to uremia, which has adversely affected their quality of life. The treatment protocol for CKD pruritus is still being debated due to its unclear etiopathogenesis. Pregabalin, an anticonvulsant medication, and sertraline, an antidepressant medication, have been used to treat uremic pruritus (UP) patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Objectives There are no adequate investigations comparing the efficacy of pregabalin and sertraline, particularly in under-resourced countries such as Pakistan. Method The research was a randomized trial for a period of four weeks at the nephrology department of the Mayo Hospital, Lahore. A total of 62 patients were randomly assigned to take either pregabalin (aged 48.06±13.44) or sertraline (aged 47.45±10.97) tablet once a day, a total of 31 patients to each group. The pregabalin group was specified 25 mg for the first week, 50 mg for the second week, and 75 mg for the third and fourth week. Similarly, sertraline was prescribed 25 mg for the first week and 50 mg for the remaining three weeks. However, if the patient shows improvement on the lowest dosage, therapy with the same minimum dose was proposed to be continued. Lastly, the itching score was assessed on the 5D pruritus scale. The Visit 1 (no drug) score was evaluated against post-therapy scores at two-week intervals as Visit 2 (week 2) and Visit 3 (week 4). Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 26;IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY) with a significance level set at p<0.05 and 95% confidence level. Conclusion This research concluded that both pregabalin and sertraline significantly improved itching intensity in each treatment group; however, there was no significant difference between the two drugs in reducing UP based on the 5D itching scores. In each domain of the 5D pruritus scale, a significant difference was found in post-follow-up pregabalin and sertraline therapy.

The Challenges of Iranian Female Nurses Caring for Male Patients: A Qualitative Study.

Caring is a multidimensional concept with many factors that can affect its quality such as caring for the opposite sex. This study aims to explore the experiences of Iranian female nurses caring for male patients. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted via conventional content analysis and purposeful sampling. Seventeen female nurses including staff and head nurses participated. Unstructured, face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted from June to December 2019 in Iran. The interviews were recorded by an MP4 player. When no new codes were extracted from the interview the data saturation was achieved. All interviews were immediately transcribed verbatim and were analyzed via Graneheim and Lundman's conventional content analysis guidelines. Four themes emerged from the data: 1) women nurses' concerns about caring for men, 2) women nurses' unpleasant feelings while caring for men, 3) Ignoring women nurses' dignity, and 4) efforts to avoid unpleasant situations. Female nurses in Iran are faced with multidimensional challenges when providing care to men. Not only can these challenges decrease the quality of nursing care for male patients, but also make the hospital a stressful environment for female nurses and may lead to them leaving the work.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Anxiety Among Wives of Alcoholics

ABSTRACTBackground:Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that is typically associated with uneasiness, fear, or worry. It is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times many people feel anxious or nervous, when faced with a problem at work, before making an important decision. Anxiety in extreme form, may cause distress which interferes with a person’s ability to lead a normal life.Aims:This Study aims is to assess the effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Anxiety Among Wives of AlcoholicsMethod:A quasi-experimental nonequivalent research design with a nonprobability sampling technique was used to conduct a study among 30 wives of alcoholic patients. A generalized anxiety disorder scale (7-point scale) was used to assess the level of anxiety among alcoholic wives. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the research. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.Result:The result shows that in the pretest, 70 (70%) had no anxiety, 12 (12%) had mild anxiety, and 18 (18%) had moderate anxiety whereas in the post-test, 85 (85%) had no anxiety, 13 (13%) had mild anxiety, and 2 (2%) had moderate anxiety among wives of alcoholics.Conclusion:This study revealed that among wives of alcoholics, a significant proportion had anxiety about the alcoholic spouse by Emotional freedom techniques.

Parental barriers to implementing family-centred care in a neonatal intensive care unit in Islamic Republic of Iran.

Studies have shown short-term and long-term positive effects of family-centred care interventions on neonatal and maternal health, and developmental outcomes in neonatal intensive care units. However, some challenges and barriers limit implementation of family-centred care. To investigate parental barriers to implementing family-centred care in a neonatal intensive care unit in Islamic Republic of Iran. A conventional content analysis was conducted at a neonatal intensive care unit in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran from 2020 to 2021. Twenty semi-structured interviews and 9 field notes were conducted. The interview data were analysed using the Graneheim and Lundman method and the demographic data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Two themes emerged from the data analysis. The first theme was "inefficiency of playing the parental role", with 2 main categories of "face unpleasant feelings" and "inappropriate presence and participation". The second theme was "ineffective involvement of parents in the care", with 3 main categories of "lack of effective communication with personnel", "interference of parents in the treatment process", and "given insufficient information by parents". Parental barriers to the provision of family-centred care featured prominently in the study. Therefore, to improve neonatal and family health, there is a need for involvement, coordination and effective communication between the medical teams and parents to create a supportive and friendly environment in neonatal intensive care units.