Unmarried Group Research Articles

THE SILENT STRUGGLE: DEPRESSION AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG ADULTS IN THE WAKE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN DELHI

Introduction: The beginning of 2020 flooded with news of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) throughout the world.Many countries have shown higher ratesof depression, anxiety, hazardous and harmful alcohol use, and lower mental well-being than usual ratio. Hence, this study was planned to assess the prevalence of depression and its determinants among adults living in Delhi during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted during May and June 2020 on adults more than 18 years of age living in Delhi. A total of 267 respondent’s data were collected and analyzed. Data werecollected using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire,and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ) scale was used to assess depression.Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis testswere used to check the association of depression with socio-demographic, behavioral,and COVID-19-related factors. Results:Out of 267 subjects around 61% were males, 61.8% were above 30 years of age and around 88% were living in urban areas. The prevalence of depression among the general population was found to be significantly high at 79.8%. Depression score was significantly higher among females (p=0.024), in the younger age (<30 years) (p <0.001), in the unmarried group (p<0.001), and among non-smokers (p=0.006). Respondents who had undergone COVID-19 testing (p =0.018),been quarantined (p =0.009), come into contact with COVID-19-positive patients (p =0.030) and who were scared of working during the pandemic (p<0.001) reported highlevels of depression.Conclusion:The study showed high depression among the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Improving mental health screening, counsellingsessions, and rehabilitation could be pivotal in addressing this challenging period

The role of marital status in gallbladder cancer: a real-world competing risk analysis

BackgroundThe association between marital status and gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains uncertain. This study aimed to verify the relationship between marital status and GBC and construct a prognostic nomogram to predict the impact of marital status on GBC patients.MethodGBC patients were divided into married and unmarried groups using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We employed competing risk analyses, propensity score matching (PSM), and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. The relationship between marital status and GBC was then verified, and the predicted nomogram was constructed.ResultsA total of 3913 GBC patients were obtained from the SEER database, and an additional 76 GBC patients from Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were selected as the external validation group. The competing risk analysis revealed a significant disparity in the 5-year cumulative incidence of cancer-specific death (CSD) between the two cohorts (59.1% vs. 65.2%, p = 0.003). Furthermore, the multivariate competing hazards regression analysis identified a significant association (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04–1.31; p = 0.007) between marital status and CSD. To assess the 1-, 3-, and 5-year risks of CSD, a comprehensive competing event nomogram was constructed using factors derived from the multivariate analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for the 1-, 3-, and 5-year training cohorts were 0.806, 0.785, and 0.776, respectively. In the internal validation cohort, these values were 0.798, 0.790, and 0.790, while the external validation cohort exhibited AUC values of 0.748, 0.835, and 0.883 for the corresponding time intervals. Furthermore, calibration curves demonstrated a commendable level of concordance between the observed and predicted probabilities of CSD.ConclusionMarriage was a protective factor for GBC patients after taking competing risk into consideration. The proposed nomogram demonstrated exceptional predictive power.

Marital status shows no protective effect on perioperative outcomes after robotic-assisted pulmonary lobectomy

BackgroundMarital status has been shown to have protective effects for married patients with various cancers. We sought to determine effects of marital status on perioperative outcomes after robotic-assisted pulmonary lobectomy (RAPL). MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 709 consecutive patients who underwent RAPL between 2010 and 2022 by one surgeon. Patients were stratified by marital status at time of surgery. The Married group included married, domestically partnered, and co-habitating patients (N = 473). The Unmarried group included never married, divorced, and widowed individuals (N = 236). Demographics, preoperative comorbidities, intraoperative and postoperative complications, estimated blood loss (EBL), chest tube duration, hospital length of stay (LOS), tumor characteristics, and survival data were analyzed utilizing Student's t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Chi-square, or Fisher's exact test as appropriate, with significance at p≤0.05. ResultsUnmarried patients were more likely to be female, while married patients were more likely to experience robotic-associated intraoperative complications and greater intraoperative estimated blood loss. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed no difference in 5-year overall survival based on marital status. Other perioperative outcomes, intraoperative complications (except robotic-associated), postoperative complications, demographic history (except gender), and preoperative comorbidities did not significantly differ between the two groups. ConclusionThis study challenges the existing reports in the literature that marriage confers cancer treatment outcomes advantage and prolonged survival among cancer patients. Social support, in terms of a spouse or domestic partner, may be less protective in early-stage lung cancer and after minimally invasive pulmonary lobectomy compared to other cancer populations.

Association between Marital Status and Cognitive Impairment in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

Objective: This study aimed to examine the potential factors associated with marital status and determine the association between marital status and cognitive impairment in a multi-ethnic Asian population. Method: This study included 2,321 participants from Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort revisit study (aged 40–89). Participants were classified into married and unmarried group at baseline and follow-up according to self-reported marital status. Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) was administered, and cognitive impairment was defined as a MMSE <26. We conducted both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to examine the association of marital status at 1 timepoint as well as marital transition with cognitive impairment. Results: Of the 2,321 participants, a total of 1,914 (82.5%) were married. The factors associated with marital status included younger age, male sex, higher household income, higher education, and higher physical activity levels. Additionally, married participants also had higher alternative healthy eating index (AHEI-2010) scores and a lower burden of hypertension and diabetes. Among those who were married, the median (Q1, Q3) MMSE score was 29 (28, 30) while among those who were unmarried it was 29 (27, 30) (p < 0.01). Participants who had never been married had the highest odds of cognitive impairment compared to their married counterparts (model III: OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.14). Older age (p interaction value = 0.003) and Indian ethnicity (p interaction value = 0.028) further strengthened these associations. Conclusion: Marriage was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment. Marriage provides social support, companionship, and engagement in mentally stimulating activities contributing to better cognitive health. By identifying risk factors such as marital status, interventions and support systems can be developed to promote healthy cognitive aging.

Marital Status Is a Prognostic Factor for Cardiovascular Mortality but Not a Prognostic Factor for Cancer Mortality in Siewert Type II Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction.

The impact of marital status on the prognosis of patients with Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogatric junction (AEG) remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of marital status with cancer-specific death risk and cardiovascular death risk in Siewert type II AEG patients. Data for Siewert type II AEG patients were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2010 to 2015. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to reduce inter-group bias between the married and unmarried groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis, a competing risk model and the Fine-Gray multivariable regression model were used to identify the prognostic value of marital status. In total, 1,623 subjects were included. After PSM, according to Fine-Gray multivariable regression analysis, there was no significant difference in the cumulative cancer-specific death rate between the married and the unmarried groups (hazard ratio (HR): 1.160, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.994 - 1.354, P = 0.060). Patients in unmarried group had a higher cardiovascular death rate than patients in married group (HR: 3.066, 95% CI: 1.372 - 6.850, P = 0.006). Our study demonstrates that unmarried Siewert type II AEG patients are associated with higher cardiovascular death risk but not cancer-specific death risk compared with married patients.

Marital Status as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients with Glioblastoma: A Population-Based Study

BackgroundThis study was aimed to investigate the effects of marital status on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) and to develop nomograms for predicting prognosis in GBM patients. MethodsAll patients were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry program. We used propensity score matching to balance the baseline characteristics of married and unmarried patients. The effects of marital status on OS and CSS were then assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard regression, and the magnitude of each factor was visualized in the form of forest maps. The impact of marriage on the survival of GBM patients was further explored by stratifying several demographic factors. Finally, the nomograms were constructed and verified based on Cox proportional risk regression model. Results17,517 patients with GBM (11,818 married patients, 67.5%) were enrolled in the study cohort. After PSM, there were 5699 patients in both the married and unmarried groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that both married and single patients had better OS (Married: HR 0.824, 95% CI: 0.788-0.862, P <0.001; Single: HR 0.764, 95% CI: 0.722-0.808, P <0.001) and CSS (Married: HR 0.833, 95% CI: 0.796-0.872, P <0.001; Single: HR 0.761, 95% CI: 0.718-0.806, P <0.001) than divorced, separated, and widowed (DSW) patients. ConclusionsMarital status was an independent prognostic factor in patients with GBM. The nomograms constructed in this study could help medical professionals to provide personalized prognostic assessment and treatment decisions for patients with GBM.

인구통계학적 특성과 네일아트 연장길이별 선호하는 손톱모양

The purpose of this paper is to identify preferred nail shapes by extension length and preference trends according to demographic characteristics when performing nail extension procedures in nail art. For this purpose, the subjects of the study were people in their 20s to 50s who had experience receiving nail care, and their preferences for hands that had undergone nail extension treatment in four nail shapes (round, square, oval, and arrowhead) were analyzed. In preference for nail shape, round was dominant regardless of extension length, oval and square were similar, and arrowhead shapes were low. However, preferences according to extension length were different depending on gender, age, occupation, and marital status. Women, younger age, unmarried, and regular nail care groups showed less preference for round nails and more diverse preferred nail shapes. These results suggest that preferred nail shapes vary depending on extension length and demographic characteristics, and can be used as very useful information by nail art designers when counseling customers.

Impact of Racial, Age, Marital, and Socioeconomic Status Disparities on the Survival of Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Population-Based Study

Introduction Several studies report excellent long-term overall survival (OS) for patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Other studies show that racial and socioeconomic disparities impact outcomes among cancer patients. In the US, healthcare access is closely related to insurance coverage. Hispanics are the least likely to have insurance of any racial or ethnic group; they have lower levels of educational attainment and had a poverty rate of 17% in 2019-2020. Age and Marital status were also demonstrated to be independent prognostic factors in other cancers. We assessed the effect of race, age, marital and socioeconomic status on the overall survival and cause-specific mortality of HCL, which is generally associated with a good outcome. Methods We queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry for patients diagnosed with HCL between 2000 and 2020. Data were collected on age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, marital status, socioeconomic status as defined by the annual household income data, time and cause of death. The chi-squared test was used to assess the association between two categorical variables, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for continuous data that were non-normally distributed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Statistically significant differences between the curves were estimated using the 2 tailed log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard models were used for multivariable analysis. Results We identified 5299 HCL patients, survival data was available for 5280 patients. The median age was 59; interquartile range (IQR) (49-71) In the study population, 38% (2019) patients were ≥ 65 years at diagnosis, and 61% (3259) were married. Male patients (4188) represented 79% of HCL. Hispanic patients (491) represented 9% of patients. Eight percent (427) had an annual household income of &amp;lt;$50K. The median OS for the study population was 84 months; IQR (32-148.8). The HCL case fatality rate was 11% for the entire study population. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with reduced OS with a median OS of 70 months; IQR (23.5-134.5) compared to 86 months; IQR (32-150) for the rest of the population (p ≤0.001). Patients diagnosed at age &amp;lt;65 years old had a higher median OS of 105 months; IQR (47-170) vs 55 months; IQR (20-106) in patients ≥65 years old (p ≤0.001). Married patients had a better median OS of 89 months; IQR (36-156) compared to 69 months; IQR (24-134) in the unmarried group (p &amp;lt;0.001). Patients with an annual household income ≥$50K had a better median OS of 85 months; IQR (32-150) than patients with a lower household annual income of 76 months; IQR (27-136) (p=0.012). HCL cause-specific mortality was significantly better in the patients diagnosed at age &amp;lt;65 (5%), married group (10%) and household annual income ≥$50K (11%) compared to patients diagnosed ≥65 (22%), unmarried (15%) and patients with household annual income &amp;lt;$50K (16%) (p ≤0.001, ≤0.001, ≤0.001 respectively), but was not significant based on race, Hispanic (10%) versus Non-Hispanic ethnicity (11%) (p =0.492). Conclusions Our analysis shows a significantly better effect of age &amp;lt;65, marital status being married, and socioeconomic status with household annual income ≥$50K on the overall survival and cause-specific mortality of patients with HCL. Patients of Hispanic ethnicity had reduced overall survival but no difference in HCL cause-specific mortality. Hispanic, older, unmarried, and patients with low annual income may need more support, and resources to improve their outcomes and eliminate disparities.

Influence of Demographic Variables on Trust in the Banking Industry

Banks depend on trust. Commercial banks are vital to the economy because they help consumers save, lend, and manage their finances. This research was carried out to learn more about bank workers' faith in trust on a demographic basis. Quantitative data was collected from a sample of 111 individuals through a survey questionnaire. The survey assessed perceptions of trust in commercial banks. The analysis reveals that gender and educational level plays a role in trust and perceptions of leadership Marital status alone does not determine trust and perceptions, as individuals in both married and unmarried groups exhibited a range of opinions. Age and experience also do not influence trust. These findings provide insights into the dynamics of trust and perceptions of leadership. Still, they should be considered within the limitations of the dataset and the influence of other factors like organizational culture

Marital status independently predicts the overall survival in young adult patients with lymphoma: A population-based, propensity-matched study.

We predicted that marital status may have predictive effects on young adult patients with cancer. A total of 37,028 young adult patients (20-39 years old) newly diagnosed with lymphoma by positive histology between 1988 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Patients were separated into married and unmarried groups. Multivariate regression was utilized to explore the association between marital status and overall survival, and propensity score matching and an inverse probability of treatment weighting were applied to corroborate our results. Among 37,028 eligible lymphoma patients, 12,827 married patients, and 12,827 unmarried patients, had equal propensity scores and were eventually recruited in this research. Moreover, married patients reported enhanced 10-year overall survival in the original group and the matched cohort. The multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a vital advantageous influence of married status on overall mortality, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.54 (95% CI, 0.51-0.57, P < .001) and the association remained robust after propensity score matching (HR, 0.53, 95% CI 0.51-0.55, P < .001) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (HR, 0.53, 95% CI 0.51-0.56, P < .001) after adjusting for confounding factors. Marital status had predictive significance for overall survival in young adult patients with lymphoma.

The care needs of dementia patients in Nam Dong District, Thua Thien Hue Province: An observational study using the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly questionnaire

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the care needs among dementia patients in Nam Dong District, Thua Thien Hue Province by using the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE) questionnaire, and to examine its related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 182 dementia patients living in Nam Dong District, Thua Thien Hue Province. The care needs of dementia patients were examined by using the CANE questionnaire (score range: 0-30). The CANE has shown a good level of reliability (α = 0.87). The multivariate linear regression analysis was undertaken to explore the associated factors of the care needs among dementia patients. Results: The mean score of the subjects' needs was 8.21 ± 7.99 (Min: 0; Max: 30). Met needs were reported most commonly in the following areas: food (34.1%), drugs (29.7%), physical health (25.3%) and looking after the home (24.7%). Meanwhile, unmet needs with the highest proportions included accommodation (30.2%), memory (24.7%), money/budget (24.2%), and information regarding health conditions and treatment (18.1%). Higher health care needs were significantly related to Co Tu ethnic group; unmarried group (including single; widowed; divorced/separated); poor, near-poor household economic status group. Conclusions: Unmet needs are common among dementia patients. Primary health care providers should work with carers to promote social support services as well as health care services that meet all needs of dementia patients and improve their quality of life. Keywords: dementia, health care needs, the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE), mountainous area.

Role of Fear on Consumers’ Buying Tendencies: Mediating Role of Social Media Usage

The present study empirically examines the impact of fear on consumers’ buying tendencies (Impulse buying, Panic buying and Online purchase intention). The study assesses the role of social media usage as a mediating variable in the above relationship. Also, it investigates the variation in consumer buying tendencies, fear, and social media usage across demographics. A total of 389 survey responses were collected online through a structured questionnaire using a snowball sampling technique from consumers of Delhi, India. A causal relationship established using Structural Equation Modelling reveals linkages of fear with panic buying and social media usage fully mediates this relationship, Further, the link between fear and online purchase is partially mediated by social media usage, and no linkage is found with impulse buying. ANOVA and T-test results show that panic buying tendency is higher in females and married individuals, social media usage is higher in unmarried younger age group people and online purchase intention is practiced more by males in middle- and upper-income groups. The study concludes by providing theoretical and practical implications.

The effect of being married on heart rate variability, an indicator of autonomic dysfunction: A retrospective study.

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive assessment that reflects the autonomic functions of the heart and is known to be impaired in many diseases. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between HRV and being married. The study included 104 patients, between the aged 20 to 40 years were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups as 53 healthy married (group 1) and 51 healthy unmarried (group 2). 24-hour rhythm Holter recordings were performed on all married and unmarried patients. Group 1 had a mean age of 32 ± 5 years and 47.2% men, and group 2 had a mean age of 30 ± 5 years and 54.9% men. Standard deviation of normal to normal (SDNN) was 150 ± 40 versus 128 ± 30 ( P = .003), SDNN index was 66 ± 20 versus 56 ± 12 ( P = .004), the square root of the mean of the squares of the differences of the adjacent root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) was 37 ± 10 versus 30 ± 10 ( P < .001), percentage of successive R-R intervals that differ by more than 50 milliseconds (PNN50) was 13.5 ± 7 versus 8.5 ± 7 ( P = .001), HF was 450 ± 270 versus 225 ± 130 ( P < .001) found to be significantly less in the group 2. LF/HF ratio was 1.68 ± 0.65 versus 3.31 ± 1.56 ( P < .001) found to be significantly higher in the group 2. In our study, it is possible to say that the sympathetic system effect on the heart was more dominant and the HRV was lower in the unmarried group.

The Level of Psychological Health Resulting from Home Quarantine Due To Covid-19 Crisis and its Relationship to some Variables among a Sample of Jordanians

This study aimed to identify the level of psychological health resulting from home quarantine due to Covid-19 crisis and its relationship to some variables among a sample of Jordanians according to the variables of sex, age and marital status. The size of the study sample was (1095) respondents from both sexes, divided into 705 females (64.4%) and 390 males (35.5%). The link to the instrument used was published on the Institute for Family Health’s Facebook page. The instrument of psychological health aspects the researchers developed, was used for the purpose of the study. The results indicated that the effect of home quarantine in light of the Covid-19 crisis on some aspects of psychological health was of a moderate degree, and that there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the gender variable, and that there were statistically significant differences attributed to the age variable in the (19-29) years group, in addition to the existence of statistically significant differences in the effect of home quarantine on some aspects of psychological health due to the marital status variable, specifically the unmarried group.

Prevalence of depression and its correlation with anxiety, headache and sleep disorders among medical staff in the Hainan Province of China.

This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression among medical staff and its risk factors as well as the association between depression, anxiety, headache, and sleep disorders. Stratified random cluster sampling was used to select medical staff from various departments of four hospitals in Sanya City. The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to quantitatively assess depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to determine factors affecting the depression occurrence and scores. Among 645 medical staff members, 548 (85%) responded. The 1-year prevalence of depression was 42.7% and the prevalence of depression combined with anxiety, headache, and sleep disorders was 23, 27, and 34.5%, respectively. The prevalence of depression in women, nurses, the unmarried or single group, and the rotating-shift population was significantly higher than that in men (48.3% vs. 27.1%, odds ratio OR = 2.512), doctors (55.2% vs. 26.7%, OR = 3.388), the married group (50.5% vs. 35.8%, OR = 1.900), and the day-shift population (35.2% vs. 7.5%, OR = 1.719). The occurrence of depression was correlated with anxiety, sleep disorders, headache, and migraines, with anxiety having the highest correlation (Spearman's Rho = 0.531). The SDS was significantly correlated with the SAS and PSQI (Spearman's Rho = 0.801, 0.503) and was also related to the presence of headache and migraine (Spearman Rho = 0.228, 0.159). Multiple logistic regression indicated that nurse occupation and anxiety were risk factors for depression, while grades of anxiety, sleep disorders and nurse occupation were risk factors for the degree of depression in multiple linear regression. The prevalence of depression among medical staff was higher than that in the general population, especially among women, nurses, unmarried people, and rotating-shift workers. Depression is associated with anxiety, sleep disorders, headache, and migraines. Anxiety and nursing occupation are risk factors for depression. This study provides a reference for the promotion of occupational health among medical professionals.

Association between marital status and all-cause mortality of patients with metastatic breast cancer: a population-based study

This study aimed to investigate the association between marital status and the prognosis of patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Data of patients with MBC were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients were classified into married and unmarried groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis with the log-rank test was conducted to compare breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) between the groups. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional models were used to determine whether marital status was independently associated with OS, and the Fine–Gray subdistribution hazard method was performed to determine whether marital status was independently associated with BCSS. In total, 16,513 patients with MBC were identified, including 8949 married (54.19%) and 7564 unmarried (45.81%) patients. The married patients were significantly younger [median age (interquartile range), 59.0 (50.0–68.0) vs. 63.0 (53.0–75.0); p < 0.001] and received more aggressive treatments, such as chemotherapy (p < 0.001) and surgery (p < 0.001), than the unmarried patients. Moreover, married patients had higher 5-year BCSS (42.64% vs. 33.17%, p < 0.0001) and OS (32.22% vs. 21.44%, p < 0.0001) rates. Multivariable analysis revealed that marital status was an independent prognostic factor, and married status was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of breast cancer-specific (sub-hazard ratio, 0.845; 95% confidence interval, 0.804–0.888; p < 0.001) and all-cause (hazard ratio, 0.810; 95% confidence interval, 0.777–0.844; p < 0.001) mortality. Unmarried patients had a 15.5% increased risk of breast cancer-specific mortality and a 19.0% increased risk of overall mortality compared with married patients with MBC. BCSS and OS were superior in married populations compared with unmarried populations in most subgroups. Marital status was an independent prognostic indicator for survival in patients with MBC and was associated with significant survival benefits.

The independent prognostic effect of marital status on non-small cell lung cancer patients: a population-based study.

Previous studies had demonstrated that marital status was an independent prognostic factor in multiple cancers. However, the impact of marital status on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients was still highly controversial. All NSCLC patients diagnosed between 2010-2016 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. To control the confounding effect of related clinicopathological characteristics, propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted between married and unmarried groups. In addition, independent prognostic clinicopathological factors were evaluated via Cox proportional hazard regression. Moreover, nomograms were established based on the clinicopathological characteristics, and the predictive accuracy was assessed by calibration curves. Furthermore, decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to determine the clinical benefits. In total, 58,424 NSCLC patients were enrolled according to the selection criteria. After PSM, 20,148 patients were selected into each group for further analysis. The married group consistently demonstrated significantly better OS and CSS compared to unmarried group [OS median survival (95% CI): 25 (24-26) vs. 22 (21-23) months, p < 0.001; CSS median survival (95% CI): 31 (30-32) vs. 27 (26-28) months, p < 0.001]. Moreover, single patients were associated with the worst OS [median survival (95% CI): 20 (19-22) months] and CSS [median survival (95%CI): 24 (23-25) months] among unmarried subgroups. Besides, unmarried patients had a significantly worse prognosis compared to married patients in both univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regressions. Furthermore, married group was associated with better survival in most subgroups. To predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS and CSS probabilities, nomograms were established based on age, race, sex, gender, marital status, histology, grade, TNM stage. The C-index for OS and CSS were 0.759 and 0.779. And the calibration curves showed significant agreement between predictive risk and the observed probability. DCA indicated nomograms had consistently better predict performance. This study demonstrated that unmarried NSCLC patients were associated with significantly worse OS and CSS compared to married NSCLC patients. Therefore, unmarried patients need not only closer surveillance, but also more social and family support, which may improve patients' adherence and compliance, and eventually improve the survival.

Maladaptive Attachment and Emotional Intelligence: A Comparative Study Between Married and Unmarried Group

The purpose of the study was to find out the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Depression. The study was conducted on the sample of 90 people aged between 18-40 years. The sample included 45 Married Individuals and 45 Unmarried Individuals. The sampling method that was used was Purposive sampling. The following study attempts to show the relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Maladaptive Attachment. The emotional intelligence is defined in terms of self- control, well-being, sociability, Emotionality. Emotional Intelligence (EI) includes the capacity to known and manages emotions of one’s own self and also to deal effectively with others. Emotions significantly influence the relationship that is present between people. Maladaptive behaviors targeted in ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) can include extreme tantrums, excessive and interfering self-stimulating behaviors, feeding limitations, aggression, self injury, elopement (running away) and sleep interfering behaviors. Hence, it was found that there exists both negative and positive correlation between and within both the groups married and unmarried.

Marital status is an independent prognostic factor for cervical adenocarcinoma: A population-based study.

Marriage has been reported as a beneficial factor associated with improved survival among cancer patients, but conflicting results have been observed in cervical adenocarcinoma (AC). Thus, this study is aimed to examine the relationship between the prognosis of cervical AC and marital status. Eligible patients were selected from 2004 to 2015 using the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between married and unmarried groups. A total of 3096 patients had been identified, with married ones accounting for 51.29% (n = 1588). Compared to unmarried groups, more patients in the married group were relatively younger (aged ≤ 45) and belonged to white race, with grade I/II, Federation of International of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) stage I/II and tumor size ≤4 cm. Apart from that, more patients received surgery, whereas fewer patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy (all P < 0.05). The 5-year CSS and OS rates were 80.16% and 78.26% in married patients, 68.58% and 64.62% in the unmarried group (P < .0001). Multivariate analysis showed that marital status was an independent prognostic factor, and the married group performed better CSS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.770; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.663-0.895; P = .001) as well as OS (HR: 0.751; 95%CI: 0.653-0.863; P < .001). As demonstrated by the results of subgroup analysis, married patients had better CSS and OS survival than unmarried ones in nearly all the subgroups. Marital status was identified as an independent prognostic factor for improved survival in patients with cervical AC.

Social relationships in later life: Does marital status matter?

Previous research has suggested that unmarried persons may be disadvantaged in personal networks and social support. However, little is known about whether the quantity and quality of social relationships differ by marital status among older Americans. Using data from the 2006 and 2008 psychosocial questionnaires of the Health and Retirement Study, we examined the quantity and frequency of contact of three types of social relationships (i.e., friends, children, and family members) as well as the quality of these ties across six marital status groups (i.e., first married, remarried, cohabiting, divorced/separated, widowed, and never married). Our analytic sample included 13,087 respondents aged 51 and above. Multiple linear regression was used for the analysis. Our results show significant differences in social relationships by marital status. In terms of relationships with friends, compared to first-married persons, all the unmarried groups (except the cohabitors) had more frequent contact with their friends and reported greater support as well as greater strain from their friends, controlling for demographic covariates. Remarried persons and cohabitors were largely similar to their first-married counterparts except that both had fewer friends they felt close to, and the cohabitors also reported greater strain with their friends. In terms of relationships with children, all the unmarried groups except for widowed persons had fewer children they felt close to. All the unmarried groups were also disadvantaged in contact frequency and perceived social support from their children. Remarried persons were significantly disadvantaged compared to first-married persons in contact frequency and relationship quality with their children. These associations were largely robust when health and socioeconomic conditions were controlled for. In terms of relationships with family members, there were only a few significant differences across marital status groups. Our findings show the crucial role of marital status in shaping social relationships in later life.