Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks Research Articles

An Optimized Routing OLSR Protocol with Low Control Overhead for UAV Ad Hoc Networks

OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) protocol is a priori Routing protocol applied in MANET network. All nodes in the network have Routing information to other nodes locally and need to send a large number of control messages to maintain the topology information of the whole network. In UAV application scenarios, with the increase of node density, the control overhead will be too high and the problems of hidden terminals will be intensified. Secondly, due to the fast moving speed of UAVs, when the neighboring UAVs have moved out of the communication range of the local node, the local node still retains the routing information of the neighbor node, leading to the problem of packet loss when the link information is updated behind time. Aiming at the above problems, an OLSR protocol with low control overhead and optimal routing is proposed. The protocol uses the incremental HELLO message mechanism to ensure that only incremental information is exchanged when the network topology changes slowly, and the control overhead is greatly reduced. When calculating routing, in the range of n hops, the more stable link is selected under the same number of hops. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the success rate of packet transmission and end-to-end delay, and reduce the system control overhead.

A traffic-aware Q-network enhanced routing protocol based on GPSR for unmanned aerial vehicle ad-hoc networks

In dense traffic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ad-hoc networks, traffic congestion can cause increased delay and packet loss, which limit the performance of the networks; therefore, a traffic balancing strategy is required to control the traffic. In this study, we propose TQNGPSR, a traffic-aware Q-network enhanced geographic routing protocol based on greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR), for UAV ad-hoc networks. The protocol enforces a traffic balancing strategy using the congestion information of neighbors, and evaluates the quality of a wireless link by the Q-network algorithm, which is a reinforcement learning algorithm. Based on the evaluation of each wireless link, the protocol makes routing decisions in multiple available choices to reduce delay and decrease packet loss. We simulate the performance of TQNGPSR and compare it with AODV, OLSR, GPSR, and QNGPSR. Simulation results show that TQNGPSR obtains higher packet delivery ratios and lower end-to-end delays than GPSR and QNGPSR. In high node density scenarios, it also outperforms AODV and OLSR in terms of the packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and throughput.

The Research of Slot Adaptive 4D Network Clustering Algorithm Based on UAV Autonomous Formation and Reconfiguration

Being independent of any fixed equipment, Ad Hoc wireless sensor networks, a kind of acentric and self-organized wireless network, possesses some features such as easiness of deployment, strong invulnerability and flexibility of networking, which leads to a promising application prospect in terms of UAV military and civilian use. This paper proposes a new slot adaptive 4D network clustering algorithm based on UAV autonomous formation and reconfiguration to solve the problem of UAV Ad Hoc network such as networking confusion, poor network reconstruction performance, huge energy consumption and other issues. The algorithm can optimize the topology of UAVs network. We build the network topology and generate clustering network by the slot adaptive 4D network clustering algorithm in Matlab. According to the real combat of UAV, four states are simulated and analyzed. The simulation results validate the feasibility of the slot adaptive 4D network clustering algorithm. The clustering structure generated by the slot adaptive 4D network clustering algorithm is robust and the algorithm is suitable for the UAV group operation.

Research on Routing Algorithm of UAV AD Hoc Network Based on Decision Tree

Research on Routing Algorithm of UAV AD Hoc Network Based on Decision Tree

Securing ICN-Based UAV Ad Hoc Networks with Blockchain

Named data networking (NDN) enables fast and efficient content dissemination in mission-critical unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc networks (UAANETs); however, its in-network caching mechanism brings a new security challenge: content poisoning. Poisoned content can contaminate the cache on the routers and isolate valid content from the network, leading to performance degradation or denial of service. To mitigate such attacks and enhance network-layer trust of NDN-based UAANETs, this article proposes a novel and systematic framework that integrates interest-key-content binding (IKCB), forwarding strategy, and on-demand verification to efficiently discover poisoned content. To further provide decentralized IKCB store and detect internal attackers, we introduce a lightweight permissioned blockchain system over NDN and develop a scalable adaptive delegate consensus algorithm. Our experimental results have demonstrated that our proposed framework can effectively purge poisoned content with low overhead, and our algorithms achieve great performance to fit UAANETs.

A Novel DSR-Based Protocol for Small Reconnaissance UAV Ad Hoc Network

Based on the traditional DSR Protocol has obvious drawbacks such as short network lifetime in the small reconnaissance UAV ad hoc network, a routing protocols called UEDSR(UAV Energy Dynamic Source Routing Protocol) suitable for small reconnaissance UAV ad hoc network is proposed. This protocol introduces the energy balancing mechanism into the algorithms based on DSR, then improves the situation of excessive energy consumption of hot nodes and prolongs the network lifetime. The simulation of protocol by NS2 illustrates that comparing to DSR the UEDSR protocol achieves about 7% increase in the network lifetime and the packet delivery and the average of network throughput are effectively improved.

Medium Access Control for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Ad-Hoc Networks With Full-Duplex Radios and Multipacket Reception Capability

Recent advances in interference cancellation and signal-processing techniques can enable full-duplex radios and multipacket reception (MPR), which will have significant impact on medium access control (MAC) schemes. In this paper, we propose a MAC scheme in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ad-hoc networks with full-duplex radios and MPR. To efficiently handle the highly mobile environment of a UAV ad-hoc network, a token-based technique is used to update information in the network as well. The MAC schemes in the presence of perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) are formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem and a discrete stochastic optimization problem, respectively. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed MAC.

Low Latency Routing Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Ad-Hoc Networks

In this paper, we proposed a new routing protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) that equipped with directional antenna. We named this protocol Directional Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (DOLSR). This protocol is based on the well known protocol that is called Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR). We focused in our protocol on the multipoint relay (MPR) concept which is the most important feature of this protocol. We developed a heuristic that allows DOLSR protocol to minimize the number of the multipoint relays. With this new protocol the number of overhead packets will be reduced and the End-to-End delay of the network will also be minimized. We showed through simulation that our protocol outperformed Optimized Link State Routing Protocol, Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol and Ad- Hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol in reducing the End-to-End delay and enhancing the overall throughput. Our evaluation of the previous protocols was based on the OPNET network simulation tool.