Unknown Roads Research Articles

A San Diegan debate: Take 8 or Take the 8: Investigating the use of the determiner “the” before numeric freeways in San Diego

The determiner “the” before numeric roadways in Southern California has become salient enough that it has reached mainstream media. However there has been little formal research done on this linguistic variant, and especially in subregions of California such as San Diego county. This study examines the use of the by ten speakers through sociolinguistic interviews and a map task. It was found that people from San Diego had the highest usage of the, long term transplants also favored the but to a lesser degree, and recent transplants disfavored the. Additionally, it was found when recent transplants used this variable they did not apply it to unknown roads, though long term transplants used the not only for roads in San Diego but also for unknown roads. These differences between transplants may inform us about factors influencing second dialect acquisition. Furthermore a mixed methods analysis revealed that the might have diffused from Los Angeles to San Diego in the 1980s.

A Data-Driven Control Approach to Automatic Path Following for a Car Model Based on Just-in-Time Modeling

This research develops a new automatic path following control method for a car model based on just-in-time modeling. The purpose is that a lot of basic driving data for various situations are accumulated into a database, and we realize automatic path following for unknown roads by using only data in the database. Especially, just-in-time modeling is repeatedly utilized in order to follow the desired points on the given road. From the results of a numerical simulation, it turns out that the proposed new method can make the car follow the desired points on the given road with small error, and it shows high computational efficiency.

Unknown Roads

Unknown Roads

Design and Implementation of Intelligent Agent Training Systems for Virtual Vehicles.

This paper presents the results of the design, simulation, and implementation of a virtual vehicle. Such a process employs the Unity videogame platform and its Machine Learning-Agents library. The virtual vehicle is implemented in Unity considering mechanisms that represent accurately the dynamics of a real automobile, such as motor torque curve, suspension system, differential, and anti-roll bar, among others. Intelligent agents are designed and implemented to drive the virtual automobile, and they are trained using imitation or reinforcement. In the former method, learning by imitation, a human expert interacts with an intelligent agent through a control interface that simulates a real vehicle; in this way, the human expert receives motion signals and has stereoscopic vision, among other capabilities. In learning by reinforcement, a reward function that stimulates the intelligent agent to exert a soft control over the virtual automobile is designed. In the training stage, the intelligent agents are introduced into a scenario that simulates a four-lane highway. In the test stage, instead, they are located in unknown roads created based on random spline curves. Finally, graphs of the telemetric variables are presented, which are obtained from the automobile dynamics when the vehicle is controlled by the intelligent agents and their human counterpart, both in the training and the test track.

Unknown Roads (poem)

Solidarity researcher and artist Ninette Rothmüller is a visiting scholar from Germany at Smith College, Massachusetts. With a background in Cultural Studies, Social Work and Interdisciplinary Arts, her practice-led and theoretical work is concerned with who humans are to, and with, each other under various circumstances, such as severe crisis. Her autobiographical documentary poetry reflects experiences of forced immobility and displacement across borders and languages.

Autonomous car driving by a humanoid robot

AbstractEnabling a humanoid robot to drive a car requires the development of a set of basic primitive actions. These include walking to the vehicle, manually controlling its commands (e.g., ignition, gas pedal, and steering) and moving with the whole body to ingress/egress the car. We present a sensor‐based reactive framework for realizing the central part of the complete task, consisting of driving the car along unknown roads. The proposed framework provides three driving strategies by which a human supervisor can teleoperate the car or give the robot full or partial control of the car. A visual servoing scheme uses features of the road image to provide the reference angle for the steering wheel to drive the car at the center of the road. Simultaneously, a Kalman filter merges optical flow and accelerometer measurements to estimate the car linear velocity and correspondingly compute the gas pedal command for driving at a desired speed. The steering wheel and gas pedal reference are sent to the robot control to achieve the driving task with the humanoid. We present results from a driving experience with a real car and the humanoid robot HRP‐2Kai. Part of the framework has been used to perform the driving task at the DARPA Robotics Challenge.

MAPPING HEALTH FACILITY CHARACTERISTICS AND LOCATION IN RURAL TANZANIA

BACKGROUND: Optimization of care-seeking for pregnancy, delivery, and child health could reduce global maternal child mortality, especially in rural Africa. However, limited documentation of location, services, and staffing hamper facility-strengthening initiatives. OBJECTIVES: A mapping exercise collected basic information and global positioning system (GPS) data to characterize health facilities in two Tanzanian districts. DESIGN/METHODS: Research assistants administered a questionnaire about health facility information (i.e. maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) services offered, staffing) verbally to in-charges at each site. GPS coordinates were recorded and delivery areas were photographed with Garmin Oregon 650 receivers. Frequencies were analysed in SPSS. Individual shapefiles for GPS waypoints and track logs were merged, producing single shapefiles of all health facilities and access routes. RESULTS: Over six days, 102 sites were visited, including three previously unlisted facilities. Four percent were hospitals, 10% health centres (HCs) and 85% dispensaries (91% public, 9% private). Most facilities were rural (86%) or mixed (9%). Ninety percent reported delivery capacity; 6% offered advanced delivery services (i.e. Caesarean sections, blood transfusions). 19,210 deliveries were reported in the preceding year (40% at hospitals, 19% at HCs, 41% at dispensaries); 46% of deliveries occurred at advanced delivery sites. On staff were a total of 20 medical officers for a doctor to population ratio of 1: 42,168. Other payroll staff included 95 clinical officers, 444 nurses, and 243 medical attendants. On day of survey, 50% of payroll staff were present; 22% of delivery-conducting sites lacked any mid-level health provider. Maps detailing precise location of all health facilities and road networks (including previously unknown roads) were produced. CONCLUSION: This mapping exercise combined technical and practical information, yielding creation of a useful database and functional maps. Visual representation of MNCH services was well received by project and health planners. This relatively small investment will subsequently enable higher quality of data collection and ease of project planning.

English

Speed limit is variable parameter which changes in accordance with geographical location, Type of the road and time of the day. More information is required for advocating need of speed limiter and intelligent speed limiter in India. Intelligent speed adaption (ISA) refers to assortment of systems that provide supports drivers with support in their task of speed control. This support can be achieved via a number of technical solutions, including modifications to the engine control unit. It can be implemented in various levels like advisory, voluntary, mandatory. The advantage of ISA is that it can adopt the speed limit according to the location. ISA increased pedestrians and cyclists safety. It is useful when driving on unknown roads

Застосування екіпажами оперативних автомобілів універсальних швидкісних стенограм

Purpose: experimentally to check up possibility and efficiency of application of operative cars of universal speed shorthand records of unknown roads crews. Materials and Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization, pedagogical supervisions, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. In research took part 20 professional crews road patrol State Automobile Inspectorate, in all 40 persons, up-diffused on 2 groups for 10 crews: experimental and control. Results: application of methods of universal speed shorthand record of СД an experimental group allowed to shorten time-of-flight of segment of control distance on 7,37%. Conclusion: the results of pedagogical experiment at participation of professional crews road patrol State Automobile Inspectorate on official cars in the contention terms of the real route testify to possibility and efficiency of application of operative cars of the special setting of universal speed shorthand records of unknown roads crews during their professional activity.

클라우드 환경에서 이기종 네비게이션간 새로운 지도 정보 추출 및 업데이트 방법

Multiple roadmap DB providers are already available in these days, and try to reduce unknown roads in their own roadmaps. However, cooperation models or Win-Win approaches between roadmap providers are not considered yet. Thus, In this paper, We proposed a cloud-oriented real-time roadmap generation and update method between heterogeneous navigation systems for unknown roads. With the proposed method, the roadmap DB providers update the own roadmap DB for navigation systems in real time. Also, they can provide the complete roadmap without unknown roads to users instantly. Therefore, the proposed method can reduce the costs of an actual traveling test and the maintenance for the roadmap DB provides. Thus, the cloud-oriented roadmap generation method can more efficiently update the unknown road information.

클라우드 환경에서 이기종 네비게이션간의 새로운 도로 정보 업데이트를 위한 XML 메타 데이터 생성

지도 DB 업데이트 방법은 카 네비게이션을 사용하는 운전자 입장에서는 매우 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구는 클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경을 이용해 이기종 네비게이션 시스템을 사용하는 운전자들이 새로운 도로(Unknown Roads) 주행시 추출된 도로 속성 정보를 클라우드에서 분석해 이기종 네비게이션간 서비스가 가능한 XML 포맷의 Metadata를 생성한 다음, 이것을 모든 지도 정보 제공자(Provider)에게 제공하면 해당 Map DB 제공자는 클라우드로 부터 제공 받은 도로의 속성 정보 metadata를 자신의 네비게이션 시스템을 사용하는 모든 운전자의 Map DB를 실시간으로 업데이트하는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 Map DB Provider들이 수행하는 실차 주행 테스트 비용을 줄이고 서버 자원 통합 구축을 통한 Map DB 데이터센터의 유지 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 결국 제안된 방법은 새로운 도로 정보를 모든 운전자들의 Map DB에 더욱 효율적으로 업데이트할 수 있다. The roadmap DB update for unknown roads is a very important factor for car navigation systems. In this paper, we propose a cloud computing based roadmap generation method for use between heterogeneous navigation system for unknown roads. While the drivers drive on unknown roads, the proposed method extracts the road attribute information, and then generates the metadata in an XML format that is available for the heterogeneous navigation systems in a cloud environment. The metadata is proposed to be used as a replacement for conventional proprietary roadmap formats which used by roadmap providers, which is efficient for heterogeneous navigation system providers in a cloud computing environment. Then, this metadata is provided to the roadmap DB providers through the cloud computing interfaces. With the proposed method, the roadmap DB providers update the own roadmap DB for navigation systems in real time. Therefore, the proposed method can reduce the costs of an actual traveling test and the maintenance for the roadmap DB provides. Thus, the cloud-oriented road map generation method can more efficiently update the unknown road information.

Network-oriented road map generation for unknown roads using visual images and GPS-based location information

Car navigation systems (CNS) have become an interesting research and industrial topic due to their wide deployment. However, updating and distribution of the road map database is a complex and high cost process. In this paper, we propose a real-time map generation and updating algorithm, which fulfills or corrects the unknown road area of the conventional road map database by using global positioning system (GPS) information and wireless communication technologies. To generate the road map of unknown roads, the proposed algorithm uses road images, which can be obtained when a driver travels unknown roads. When a driver travels unknown roads, which do not appear on the map of the car navigation system, the car navigation system extracts GPS and image information of the unknown roads. Then, the car navigation system generates the road map for the unknown roads by extracting location and road information, and updates the road map database in the car. After updating the local road map database, the car navigation system updates the master road map database, which is located at the network and is distributed to other car navigation systems. Thus, the road map database provider can update the road map database of other car navigation systems, which share the same master road map database. The proposed algorithm provides an efficient updating process of the road map database with a simplified process and reduced time for unknown road areas.

Birgitta utdelande klosterregeln

Summary Sf. Bridget distributing the Rules In Florentine representations of St. Bridget distributing her Rules for monks and nuns, we see a short figure which in type seems to go back to the historiated initials in the older illuminated manuscripts. So also on this after G. Kaftal published altar piece, which from Milano and Collection Bassi in 1898 passed into “Cenolini Sale” and thereafter traveled unknown roads. In the following century, the Saint is depicted in the wellknown altar piece by G. Sogliani from 1523 as a tall and slim figure, apparently so influenced by the large seal of the Paradiso monastery of the Order of St. Bridget, which shows the same scene with the monks and the nuns on each side receiving a book from the founder of the Order. I publish a manuscript from the Paradiso Archives in the State Archives in Florence which includes an order of November 1, 1439, of an altar piece for the nuns with the same subject. Acting as intermediary, Giuliano di Jacopo commissioned his nepot Giovanni ...