University Governance Research Articles

Factors Influencing Knowledge and Attitudes towards Second-Hand Smoking Exposure Among University Students: An Exploratory Study.

Despite extensive global research on second-hand smoking (SHS) exposure, there is a noticeable lack of studies focusing on the knowledge and attitudes of university students in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study aimed to address this gap by assessing the levels of knowledge and attitudes towards SHS exposure among university students in Bangladesh. Utilizing a convenience sampling technique, data were collected from 383 university students, encompassing socio-demographic information, as well as knowledge and attitude-related inquiries. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software, including independent t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that participants exhibited a moderate level of knowledge and attitude towards SHS exposure. Multiple linear regression identified age, gender, mother's education, and self-rated health status as significant predictors of knowledge, explaining 12.9% of its variance (R2 = 0.129, F = 6.117, P < .001). Furthermore, age, gender, and living with parents emerged as significant predictors of attitude, explaining 14.7% of its variance (R2 = 0.147, F = 7.165, P < .001). The study highlights the need for interventions aimed at enhancing awareness and fostering positive attitudes towards SHS exposure among university students in Bangladesh. It is recommended that university authorities organize seminars and implement health education initiatives targeting vulnerable populations to address the findings and promote a smoke-free environment on campus.

Work-based learning: a catalyst for leadership, organizational development and economic growth in Tennessee.

This paper explores the significance of work-based learning in the context of leadership development, organizational growth and the promising economic success in Tennessee organizations. It aims to investigate the practical implications of work-based learning, focusing on its role in enhancing leadership capabilities, fostering innovation and contributing to a prosperous economic future. The research employs a systematic literature review to examine existing studies on work-based learning, leadership development, organizational growth and economic success in Tennessee. It also involves data collection from various sources, including government agencies, colleges and organizations in the state. The collected data are rigorously verified and cross-referenced to ensure reliability and relevance. The findings emphasize the transformative potential of work-based learning initiatives in Tennessee. They reveal that work-based learning programs are vital in developing influential leaders, fostering a culture of learning and innovation and contributing to economic competitiveness. The research also highlights the interconnectedness of leadership development, organizational growth and economic success, emphasizing the critical role of work-based learning in driving positive outcomes in all these dimensions. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by emphasizing the practical applicability of work-based learning findings. It provides insights into the unique context of Tennessee organizations and their motivations, challenges and opportunities related to work-based learning. The research also outlines recommendations and future research directions to bridge the gap between theory and practice, enhancing the impact of work-based learning initiatives in Tennessee and beyond. The insights gained can assist other states and industries in developing effective work-based learning programs tailored to their specific economic needs and industry demands, fostering broader economic prosperity.

How university governance affects education service quality: insights from Ethiopian public universities

University governance plays a significant role in bringing about change because it is one of the most critical variables in determining the success of higher education institutions. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the influence of university governance on the education service quality of Ethiopian public universities. Accordingly, the current study focuses on five key university governance principles: accountability, autonomy, academic freedom, transparency and responsibility. The study utilized a multiple linear regression model, which made use of quantitative data sources. Data was collected from 378 instructors and academic officials from six public institutions, including department heads, deans, faculty heads, and directors. The research utilized a closed-ended questionnaire. Using SPSS software version 20, the quantitative data were examined using the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics techniques. The results of the regression analysis and correlation were discovered. The correlation result indicates that accountability and academic freedom parameters had a positive and strong correlation with education service quality. The regression results showed that academic freedom positively affected the education service quality while accountability and responsibility negatively affected the quality of education services of Ethiopian public universities. Academic leaders and staff of public universities should therefore practice academic freedom, transparency, and autonomous decision-making through implementing university governance principles in their respective public universities in Ethiopia.

Quality Education for Sustainable Development: Evolving Pedagogies to Maintain a Balance Between Knowledge, Skills, and Values-Case Study of Saudi Universities

Ozone depletion, global warming, soil degradation, etc., could be, to a great extent, instrumental in making our Earth an unsafe place. Therefore, to prevent further damage, Article 6 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) emphasizes spreading awareness among the members of the planetary community to protect the planet. The study aims to identify teaching pedagogies that can effectively develop awareness and responsibility among university youth for a sustainable future. The study adopts an exploratory triangulation approach and uses three instruments: a closed-ended questionnaire, a focus group interview, and a comparative performance of control and experimental groups. Fifty-one faculties from two government universities of Saudi Arabia: Qassim University, Qassim, and Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj along with 47 students pursuing conversation courses at Level Three in Prince Sattam University participated in the study. JASP 0.9 open-source software was used for statistical analysis. The results revealed that constructivist inquiry-based approaches promoted sustainable development education.

Trust and tension: shared governance in higher education amid student activism

ABSTRACT This article examines the intricate dynamics of trust and tension within university governance in Taiwan and Hong Kong, where the broader socio-political context – particularly student activism – profoundly influences university operations. Using the ‘grammar of trust’ framework, the article explores how student participation, as a core element of shared governance, presents both opportunities for democratic engagement and significant challenges, especially in politically charged environments. Through interviews with key stakeholders, including university council members and student leaders, the article uncovers issues surrounding the politicisation of university governance and emphasises the role of students in campus politics. It highlights the complexities introduced by political influences, advocating for proactive trust-building initiatives to navigate these challenges, mitigate conflicts, foster effective university governance, and contribute to broader societal progress.

Management of digital resources in Government college libraries of Madhya Pradesh: A study

Management of digital resources in Government college libraries of Madhya Pradesh: A study

Learning English through Drama-Based Approach (DBA): A Pedagogical Stylistic Experiment with Pygmalion

This study explores the effectiveness of using a new approach called drama-based approach in helping to learn English language. This approach was pioneered by Dorothy Heathcote in 1950. Heathcote, a drama teacher, developed this technique to help young children communicate confidently in English. In this research, the same theatrical method is employed to enhance students' spoken English skills. The chosen medium for the dramatic activity is George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion (1916), focusing on selected passages relevant to English language learning. The research incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methods, demanding active participation from students in the play. They engaged by taking on various roles of characters, as opposed to being passive listeners under a teacher's direction. This research took place in Dera Ismail Khan at Government College No. 1, involving 5th semester students who were divided into two groups: a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group performed the play through role-play and dialogue reading, while the control group read the play through traditional methods without any active engagement. The experimental study unfolded in three stages: a questionnaire, an intervention combined with improvisation, and an exam. Results were statistically measured and compared across both groups. The experimental group outperformed the control group in spoken English, demonstrating that a drama-based approach effectively facilitates the students in learning English language. This method allowed students to easily grasp themes, central message, linguistic elements, and character relationships, enhancing their understanding as well as their accents. The heightened engagement and enjoyment expressed by the students indicated a positive reception of this learning activity.

The Role of Performance Audit Using Analysis SWOT in Achieving Programmatic Accreditation of Government Colleges (Applied Research)

The research aims to provide theoretical frameworks on the study's variables (performance audit and software accreditation) and highlight the elements of performance audit and how to use them in obtaining software accreditation for colleges of management and economics through the intermediate role of analysis SWOT. The deductive approach was used to switch from the general aspect related to identifying what software accreditation and what performance audit and its elements to reach the aspect of activating performance audit elements in achieving software accreditation for colleges through the intermediate role of S analysis SWOT. Also, the inductive approach was adopted to switch from the special one related to the research problem observation to the general aspect by circulating recommendations for activating the performance audit elements to complete the program accreditation activities on time. The most important conclusion of the research is the lack of a comprehensive description of activities that develop teaching abilities, nor an extensive description of pedagogical approaches, methods and teaching aids of study programs, which is an obstacle to developing the quality of education and teaching and improving the teaching staff performance. There is a lack of a description of how to include the expectations of stakeholders, the labour market, graduates, students, society, and policymakers in the curriculum and define learning goals. There is also a lack of a clear description of how to achieve integration between executive education programs, study programs, and scientific contributions. The most important recommendations include a comprehensive description of activities that develop teaching abilities of pedagogical curricula, methods and teaching aids for study programs, which is an obstacle to the development of the quality of teaching and teaching, improving the performance of the teaching staff. Include a description of how to include stakeholders' expectations, the labour market, graduates, students, society, and policymakers in the curriculum, and define learning goals in strategic plans; include a clear description of how to integrate executive education programs, study programs, and scientific contributions.

Social responsibility and university governance: Case study public universities in the central zone of Ecuador

Social Responsibility (SR), currently plays a leading role in the management and management of organizations, guiding them to be socially responsible. The objective of the study presented is to analyze the factors associated with Social Responsibility and University governance, in public universities in the central zone of Ecuador. The investigative analysis was carried out with a 145 sample of students corresponding to the five public universities in the area, for which qualitative methodology was used, as it allowed explaining the problem from a social and descriptive context, the quantitative methodology on the other hand allowed apply a questionnaire to collect information and thus have a clearer appreciation of the objective reality of university management and its relationship with society; it is also non-experimental cross-sectional in order to achieve the proposed objective. Among the results obtained, common elements were found that are repeated in the 5 universities analyzed, 51.03% know the code of ethics, 31.10% say that there is evaluation and training of administrative personnel, 57.24% state that there are none. spaces for dialogue and participation of university actors, 75.67% say that universities have an organizational structure, in addition, a deficiency was identified in communication systems. The data also indicate that students have a negative perspective in relation to the ability of administrative staff to effectively fulfill their role within the university, which demonstrates that students have a negative view in relation to the management carried out by administrative staff in its role within the institutions, it can then be said that a very notable weakness is evident in university governance. These data are relevant for decision-making and the incorporation of effective strategies for responsible management of the institutions analyzed

Internal university governance and social relevance. Analysis of public higher education

Internal university governance and social relevance. Analysis of public higher education

THE ROLE OF DIGITAL MEDIA IN DEVELOPING AN ONLINE ANATOMY COURSE FOR THE ACQUISITION OF PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS HEALTH LITERACY

In the Pandemic, online learning was conducted after the suspension of face-to-face instruction at the educational institutions to eliminate the spread of the disease. Besides, online learning can also be an effective way to carry out education after natural disasters such as earthquakes. This study aimed to detect the effectiveness of an online anatomy course enriched with digital media news on pre-service science teachers’ course attitudes and health literacy after two major earthquakes hit the east and southeast of Turkey in 2023. In this direction, a single group pre-test – post-test weak experimental design was conducted with the attendance of 25 senior science education students who studied at a governmental university in Turkey. Data was collected with Attitudes towards Anatomy Course Scale and Health Literacy Scale. The study lasted for one semester and included data collection and instruction process on an online learning platform. The instruction process covered the systems in human body. Each course began with the examination of several digital media news regarding the focus of the course. Afterwards, the course content was presented to the students and the course ended with the evaluation of the subject with the help of Web 2.0 tools. Collected data was analyzed quantitatively with SPSS 26.0. According to the results, a significant increase was determined both in pre-service teachers’ mean anatomy course attitudes and health literacies. Besides, detailed analyses indicated significant improvements in the course attitudes and health literacies of three of four subscales of the instruments. It is recommended to implement a similar instructional design to sustain anatomy education during online learning for undergraduate students in different programs. Also, adapting such a course design to face-to-face applications might make contributions to the development of well-equipped pre-service teachers in addition to sustaining healthy young individuals and a healthy society.

Portfolio Learning - An Observational Study Conducted among Post Graduates Students to Assess Feasibility in a Government College Setting

Portfolio Learning - An Observational Study Conducted among Post Graduates Students to Assess Feasibility in a Government College Setting

Moral Reasoning Within Christian University Student Conduct Codes: A Content Analysis

Higher education institutions—as moral communities—have historically sought to guide student behavior via conduct codes, which often include reasoning that justifies or contextualizes the codes. Our research team conducted a content analysis of the conduct codes of 542 Christian colleges and universities in the United States to evaluate their underlying moral reasoning for various policies. We found appeals to legal authority, university authority, Christian identity, Christian reasoning, citizenship, education, morality, and safety as the bases for various policies. The type of reasoning most commonly employed by institutions varied depending on the conduct category being evaluated (e.g., alcohol, drugs, sex, etc.). Oddly, most Christian university conduct codes relied more frequently and thoroughly on appeals to authority than on moral and Christian reasoning. Institutions claiming to form students via distinctly Christian modes of education ought not to miss opportunities to help students not simply act Christianly but also reason Christianly. To this end, our study provides compelling evidence regarding how Christian institutions succeed and fail in providing students with cohesively Christian codes of conduct. We urge Christian educators to consider revisiting their codes of conduct with a fresh Christian moral imagination and offer some simple, practical recommendations to help them do so effectively.

Satisfaction of academic medical staff with integrated medical curriculum: an exploratory multinational survey

BackgroundThe adoption of integrated curricula in medical schools has grown globally, emphasizing the need to understand academic medical staff satisfaction as a crucial factor influencing successful implementation.AimThis study aimed to assess satisfaction levels among academic medical staff with integrated medical curricula, identifying socio-demographic and work-related predictors of dissatisfaction.MethodsA cross-sectional, online multinational survey was conducted from December 2023 to April 2024 among 525 academic medical staff. A structured, self-reported questionnaire was used to assess satisfaction levels, demographic characteristics, and work-related factors. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including logistic regression analysis, to identify predictors of dissatisfaction.ResultsThe study revealed a low satisfaction rate (44.2%) among medical staff, with significant dissatisfaction influenced by nationality (Jordanian: OR = 7.74, and Egyptian: OR = 4.68), male gender (OR = 3.27), over ten years of teaching experience in integrated curricula (OR = 4.25), and employment in governmental universities (OR = 4.23). Dissatisfaction was particularly high with aspects such as the integration of basic and clinical sciences, assessment methods, and implementation schedules. Faculty from private universities demonstrated significantly higher satisfaction (65.1%) compared to those in governmental institutions (41.3%). Younger staff < 45 years reported higher satisfaction rates (50.9%) compared to their older counterparts ≥ 45 years (39.1%), reflecting greater adaptability to curriculum changes.ConclusionsThe findings highlight substantial dissatisfaction among academic medical staff with the design and implementation of integrated curricula, particularly in governmental institutions and among senior faculty. Institutions must address challenges in curriculum design, resource allocation, and faculty support to enhance satisfaction. Revisiting conventional curriculum components or adopting a hybrid approach may help balance innovation with faculty preferences, fostering a more conducive educational environment.

Knowledge management and provision of academic library services in the University of Sierra Leone: A mixed-methods approach

This study examined knowledge management practices in the academic libraries of Fourah Bay College (FBC), the Institute of Public Administration and Management (IPAM) and the College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences (COMAHS) at the University of Sierra Leone. Data from 33 participants via questionnaires, interviews and observations revealed significant gaps, including the absence of knowledge categorisation into explicit, implicit and tacit forms. Additionally, knowledge management policies are not well-publicised, resulting in staff's lack of understanding of their importance. The research underscores the potential benefits of categorising library knowledge, which could enhance the organisation and accessibility of information. Such improvements would be valuable for governments, university authorities, librarians, policymakers, researchers, students and the public, facilitating better knowledge management and access within these academic institutions.

Lifting the bonnet on university governance

Lifting the bonnet on university governance

Exploring the approaches towards support of academic entrepreneurship: evidence from an emerging market

Over the past three decades, an exponentially growing body on elements and actors of the concept of an entrepreneurial university has emerged. Compared to its western European counterparts, however, the idea of the third role of the university has only recently been implemented in Central and Eastern European countries, and thus both research and entrepreneurial practice grapple with empirical results. In this paper, we attempt to fill this gap while adopting a case study approach to examine the issue of what resources a prominent technical university operating in the emerging market of the Czech Republic transfers to academic ventures to utilise and commercialise university research results. Within a survey, nine academic founders and two university representatives were interviewed to assess the role of university resources in facilitating academic entrepreneurship. Our research results suggest that creating infrastructure to foster the third role of universities in an emerging market is a complex and long-term issue. Formal institutions embedded in the intra-university organisational structure, such as knowledge transfer offices and entrepreneurial centres, need to be equipped with sufficient resources and competences. Skilled people with their own network of contacts to intra-university departments and external environment represented by regional incubators, venture capital providers, business angel associations, and experienced entrepreneurs should be involved in the process of creating and increasing capacity. Furthermore, the upcoming agenda should undoubtedly acknowledge the significant role of entrepreneurship education with a focus on talent recognition and entrepreneurship training to impact the entrepreneurial intentions of researchers and students. Overall, we also conclude that the motivation of academics to commercialise their inventions could be positively affected by the applied concepts of assessing their performance. Finally, this study shows that measures at all management levels have to be adopted to create a vital organisational culture that will be in alignment with the vision of entrepreneurial university. The novelty of this paper is twofold. First, the study provides a useful methodological concept of data collection as the multi-level approach was applied for studying the phenomenon of entrepreneurial university. Furthermore, the research findings have valuable implications for university authorities, as well as national and local policy makers, in creating growth programmes and supporting the entrepreneurial mindset.

Challenges in Academic Writing for Undergraduate Students in Bangladesh

This study examines the challenges faced by undergraduate students in academic writing at a government college in Bangladesh, focusing on linguistic barriers, critical thinking, organizational skills, and academic integrity. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through focus group interviews with students, individual teacher interviews, participant observations, and document analysis. Findings reveal key difficulties, including limited vocabulary, grammar issues, weak critical thinking, poor organizational skills, and plagiarism concerns. To address these challenges, the study recommends interventions such as structured vocabulary lessons, grammar instruction, critical thinking exercises, and promoting academic integrity. The research emphasizes the importance of collaboration between educators and students to enhance writing skills and improve academic outcomes. Additionally, it identifies areas for future research, such as the impact of socioeconomic status and language background on writing proficiency, offering valuable insights for educators and policymakers.

Implementation Strategy of Tangerang Government University in Developing the Competency of Civil Servants in Tangerang City Government

This research was conducted to look for factors that influence and look for strategies for implementing Tangerang Government University in developing the competency of the Tangerang City Government civil servants. The method used is descriptive qualitative. Primary data was obtained from in-depth interviews with key informants and secondary data came from observations, books, journals and related regulations. The results of the research are the factors that influence the implementation of Tangerang Government University , namely vision and goals; scope and role; target audience and training substance; learning methods; branding and collaboration. Of the 6 factors influencing the implementation of Tangerang Government University, several obstacles were found, namely lack of motivation for ASN to change; limited human resources; application capabilities are not optimal; differences in thought patterns; limited budget. Recommended strategies that can be implemented are socializing Tangerang Government University , budget support; carry out continuous updates in the application; giving awards; create a mini corporate university.

How Can Law and Policy Reform Shape Human Resource Strategies in Indonesian State Universities Post-Law No. 20 of 2023?

Dialectics always arise with the introduction of new policies in laws, and Law No. 20 of 2023 concerning State Civil Servants is no exception. The latest provision in Chapter XIII, Article 65(1), prohibits Personnel Supervisory Officials from appointing Non-Civil Servants to fill civil servant positions, sparking debates on its implications for human resource (HR) management in Indonesian state universities. This study aims to evaluate HR management strategies in state universities, identify obstacles in implementing the law, and propose solutions to optimize its adoption. The research adopts a qualitative method with an analytical descriptive approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with HR managers from several public universities in Central Java, supported by a review of relevant documents. The study reveals that while some universities have begun to adopt the provisions of the law, they still face significant challenges, including a lack of professional training and development, complex bureaucratic processes, and budget constraints. Adjusting organizational structures and enhancing staff competencies remain major hurdles. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the intersection of legal reform and HR strategies in higher education. The urgency is underscored by the immediate need to address inefficiencies and adapt to the law’s mandates. This study contributes by offering actionable recommendations, including increased training and awareness campaigns, simplifying bureaucracy, and expanding budgets for HR development. These insights are essential for policymakers and university administrators to ensure the efficient implementation of Law No. 20 of 2023, ultimately enhancing governance and operational efficiency in Indonesian state universities.