Udayana University Research Articles

Peran Mediasi Sikap Berwirausaha Pada Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Dan Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Niat Berwirausaha

This study aims to analyze the mediating role of entrepreneurial attitudes on the effect of entrepreneurship education and family support on the entrepreneurial intentions of students in the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University.The population in this study were students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University, batch 2018. The number of samples used in this study was 240 respondents using proportionate random sampling. The research instrument in this study was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used Partial least square (PLS). The results showed that entrepreneurship education had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Family support has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship education has a positive effect on entrepreneurial attitudes. Family support has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurial attitudes have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurial attitude is able to significantly mediate the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurial attitude is able to significantly mediate the effect of family support on entrepreneurial intentions.

PERBEDAAN COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME BERDASARKAN SCREEN TIME DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MAHASISWA PSSIKPN FK UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on education has caused the learning process to be conducted online. Online learning is carried out by all students in various educational institutions, including nursing students. The students who undergo online learning can spend hours in front of a laptop, computer, or gadget, therefore they are at risk of developing eye problems such as Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between CVS based on screen time in online learning for Udayana University nursing students. This study implemented a comparative descriptive design with repeated measurements three times on the CVS variable. The data were collected by screen time questionnaire and CVS complaints with measurements for two weeks. The respondents in this study were 161 nursing students who were selected by the stratified random sampling method. The results showed that there was a significant difference in CVS on day 1, 5, and 10 with p = 0.000. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant difference in CVS on days 1, 5, and 10 in which there is an increase in scores on CVS on days 1, 5, and 10.

Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kualitas Audit di Indonesia

This study aims to explore the factors that influence audit quality in Indonesia. The method used is a systematical literature review. Data analysis technique used is content analysis and bibliometric. research data from 125 articles on audit quality from journals indexed in the Science and Technology Index (Sinta) during 2016-2020. The results show that (1) the most productive researcher is I Dewa Nyoman Badera and Udayana University is the institution that publishes the most research results on audit quality articles in Indonesia, there are 5 dominant factors out of 56 factors that influence audit quality, namely independence, competence , work experience, due professional care, and time budget pressure, the majority of articles use agency theory, data collection techniques use questionnaires with multiple linear regression data analysis techniques. (2) The majority of articles in the field of audit quality are written by two people and collaboration between researchers in the field of audit quality tends to be done with colleagues. (3) Opportunities for further research in the field of audit quality can examine the factors that influence audit quality by referring to research abroad such as computer-assisted audit techniques, role stress, work environment, and auditor compensation, can conduct research using the latest data analysis techniques and link it with other theories, and collaborate between institutions and international collaborations.

Clinical Features of COVID-19 Patients at Udayana University Hospital During First Three Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 exhibits a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from mild, moderate, severe, and critical respiratory dysfunctions up to death. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the demographic, clinical, and laboratory profile of COVID-19 patients admitted to Udayana University Hospital, Bali, during the first three months of the pandemic. Data were collected from the electronic medical records of 236 patients hospitalized from April to June 2020. The samples had a mean age of 40 years old, and they consisted of 58.50% male. Based on the records, the common clinical characteristics included fever (52.5%) and cough (47.5%), followed by less common traits, such as sore throat (18.2%), dyspnea (10.2%), flu (8.9%), and headache (3.8%). Laboratory results during admission showed an average lymphocyte count of 2.16 ± 2.19 × 109 cells/L and a neutrophil- lymphocyte ratio of 3.02 ± 3.41. The majority of patients were private corporation employees (30.51%), followed by migrant workers (21.19%). Furthermore, a fatality rate of 1.69% was recorded in the study hospital. These results were expected to provide epidemiological knowledge of COVID-19 patients, which can help clinicians to anticipate possible outcomes during treatment.

Overview of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Undergraduate Students

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are defined as complaints or disorders that cause discomfort to the musculoskeletal system. During lecture activities, students are mostly in a static posture. Static and repetitive muscle loading when sitting for a long period can cause muscle fatigue due to the accumulation of lactic acid. Besides, it produces discomfort or pain in the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of the research is to describe an overview of musculoskeletal disorders in undergraduate students of the Bachelor and Professional Program of Physical Therapy Faculty of Medicine Udayana University during the lecture.
 Methods: The method of this research is descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional, which has been carried out from October to November 2021. This research used a total sampling technique. The participants were undergraduate students of the Bachelor and Professional of Physical Therapy Program, College of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, with a total of 196 participants who met the established criteria. Researchers measured musculoskeletal disorders using a Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. Analysis of research data using univariate analysis, namely age, gender, body mass index, study period, duration of the study, and musculoskeletal disorders.
 Results: The results showed that musculoskeletal disorders were mostly complained of by students, namely the waist 61.7%, then the back 59%, followed by complaints in the lower neck 53.6% and upper neck 47.4% while the lowest complaints occurred in the left leg with a percentage of 5.6%.
 Conclusion: A total of 177 (90.3%) students had musculoskeletal disorders during lectures and 19 (9.7%) did not experience musculoskeletal disorders during lectures, and 94.4% had a low risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The risk of low musculoskeletal disorders can be interpreted as not requiring improvement.

Penetration Testing on the SISAKTI Application at Udayana University Using the OWASP Testing Guide Version 4

SISAKTI application is an information system to facilitate online administration of Udayana University student participation credit units. Until now, there has been no security testing carried out on the SISAKTI application, therefore this study aimed to test the security of SISAKTI application using Black Box penetration testing technique, conduct an assessment of system vulnerabilities and provide recommendations for improvements. The method used is by following the guidelines from OWASP Testing Guide version 4 using Information Gathering, Input Validation Testing, and Authorization Testing modules. From these three modules, there were 28 sub-tests that were successfully carried out, the results were 15 positive tests, 6 negative tests, and 7 tests which cannot be done, from the 28 sub-tests there are 8 vulnerabilities that have a direct effect on the system and are assessed using CVSS calculator, the results are 6 vulnerabilities have a vulnerable value from 6.4 (Medium) to 9.9 (Critical).

Characteristics and Outcome of Neonates Born from Mother with Confirmed SARS-Cov-2 Infection at Prof. Dr I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital and Udayana University Hospital Bali

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), firstly emerge in Wuhan-China in early December 2019. The virus has rapidly spread causing global pandemic. Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy tend to be severe and associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Investigation the number and evaluate clinical feature also outcome of neonates that born from positive COVID-19 mother especially in Prof. DR I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital and Udayana University Hospital is required as baseline data. Methods: This is descriptive observational study. Data on neonates age 0 days - 28 days old born from mother with confirmed COVID-19 were collected from medical record at Prof. DR I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital and Udayana University Hospital, during period of March 2019 until December 2020 registry taken from patients from October 2017 to August 2020. We exclude subject with incomplete data. Results: Total of 90 infants were included in this study, positive swab results were 6 (6%) and negatives were 84 (93.3%). Of 90 infants as many as 50 (55.5%) were males, and 40 (44.4%) were females. Most babies were born by Cesarean delivery 81 (90%). Of 76 (84.4%) samples had full term gestational age and 75 (83.3%) samples born with birth weight more than 2500 grams. Total 80 (88.8%) born with APGAR score 7-10. Most comorbidities we found were respiratory distress and use of antibiotic each 10 (11.1%). Most of the samples that 64 (71.1%) had length of stay less than eight days. One patient died in the group of infants with positive swabs, while none in the group with negative swab results. Conclusion: Six of the total 90 samples of babies were confirmed to have COVID-19 infection through the RT PCR swab examination. One patient died in this study. Currently the risk of vertical transmission of COVID-19 infection cannot be excluded, it is important to carry out prevention strategies, to make babies are not exposed by viral exposure (prevent maternal infection and reduce the possibility of neonatal exposure to the virus). We suggest multicenter research to provide a more specific description of the outcomes of babies born from mothers with confirmed COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, neonatal outcomes.

The Relation Between Smartphone Use with Forward Head Posture Occurrence in Undergraduate Physiotherapy Student

Introduction: College students use smartphones with a high level of use, high levels of smartphone use due to various purposes such as academic and non-academic needs, and prolonged use of smartphones with poor posture can cause permanent changes in posture to their users. One of the posture changes that can occur is the forward head posture (FHP).
 Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study conducted from August to December 2021 with a population of Udayana University Physiotherapy students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, and obtained 62 samples. This study used the YourHour application and Web Plot Digitizer to measure the duration of smartphone use and the craniovertebral angle, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 to determine the relationship between smartphone use with forward head posture occurrence in physiotherapy students.
 Results: The majority of students who were in the research sample used smartphones with a high level of duration, as many as 46 samples; in 46 samples with a high level of duration found, 28 samples experienced forward head posture, in students with moderate and low duration levels, forward head posture is rare. The results of the chi-square obtained are p-value = 0.009. it indicates that there is a relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.
 Conclusion: There is a relationship between the duration of smartphone conditions and forward head posture in students of the Physiotherapy Undergraduate Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. In this study, it can be seen that the forward head posture is the majority of smartphones with high intensity.

Adverse Effects of Third-Dose Moderna Vaccination for Healthcare Workers of Udayana University Hospital, Bali, Indonesia

ABSTRACT. 
 Background
 Since its first sighting in China at the end of 2019, COVID-19 had spread rapidly around the world, with no exception, to Indonesia. World Health Organization officially declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. COVID-19 causes severe symptoms for those immunocompromised, making it an urgent matter to end the pandemic as soon as possible. In only 1 year since COVID-19 was found, the world has successfully developed COVID-19 vaccines which experts believe may bring an end to the pandemic. However, the vaccination also carries risk of adverse effect. 
 Aim
 The aim of this study is to report how the adverse effect of third dose mRNA-1273 vaccine in healthcare workers at Udayana University Hospital.
 Methods
 The descriptive study collects data from all healthcare workers in Udayana University Hospital receiving third-dose mRNA-1273 vaccine using online questionnaires. We excluded incomplete responds to maintain quality of data. This report comprises demographic characteristics, clinical history, and the adverse effects and was approved by the ethical committee of Udayana University.
 Result
 We received a respond rate of 86.9% (N=553) from a total of 636 healthcare workers who received the third-dose mRNA-1273 vaccine. Our respondents had a mean age of 37 (SD ± 7.81) years old. Most were female (55.8%) aging 20-29 years old (57.1%), and had an interval between their initial and third dose between 3-5 months (53.4%). Adverse effect most recorded was local pain (82.8%), followed by fever (56.4%), weakness/fatigue (39.3%), excessive sleepiness (32.5%), dizziness (30.1%), headache (27.6%), nausea/vomiting (21.5%), excessive hungerness (18,4%), other symptoms (11.0%) and local erythema (10.4%). About 39.9% of the respondents felt the adverse effect 12-24 hours post-vaccination. 
 Conclusion
 Adverse effects following third-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination in healthcare workers of Udayana University Academic Hospital includes local pain, fever, weakness/fatigue, excessive sleepiness, dizziness, headache, nausea and vomiting, excessive hunger, and local erythema. Most of these symptoms occurred within the first 24 hours post-vaccination.
 
 Key Words: Vaccine, Adverse Effect, mRNA-1273, COVID-19, Healthcare Worker

Multi-class SVM Classification Comparison for Health Service Satisfaction Survey Data in Bahasa

This study aimed to compare the Multi-class Support Vector Machine (MSVM) classification with the One-versus-One (OvO) and One-versus-Rest (OvR) approaches using unigram and bigram features. The study used the service satisfaction survey report of Denpasar public health centers by the Center for Public Health Innovation (CPHI), Medical School, Udayana University. As Bali is known as the world's main tourism destination, it is important to know about its supporting public health service through its representative capital city, Denpasar. Moreover, this study laid the foundation for the classification process using the available methods to fit in Indonesian health service satisfaction survey data, which assists in making decisions to improve health services. Since Bali is one of the provinces in Indonesia and all of those provinces refer to the same national regulation, health service satisfaction survey data that is in the Indonesian language (Bahasa) should have the same aspects, like category, priority, word-related matters (including abbreviations, acronyms, terminology), etc. that overall make it unique and need specific processing. That work was considered a contribution since there is no such study to the best of the author's knowledge and the foundation would be useful as a part of the future vision for the integrated system of Indonesian health big data. Since in reality, satisfaction survey data tends to be unbalanced, this study also compares the developed models using unigram and bigram features without and with feature selection (FS). Those features were then processed using the OvO MSVM and OvR MSVM models. k-fold cross-validation was used to divide training data and testing data and, at the same time, validate the models. Through experiments without and with FS, the OvO MSVM and OvR MSVM models with unigram features had better performance in general than the same models with bigram features. Without FS and with unigram features, comparable differences were found where the OvO MSVM model was slightly better on accuracy and precision, while the OvR MSVM model was slightly better on recall and the F1score. Without FS and with bigram features, comparable differences were also found, where the OvR MSVM model had slightly better performance than the OvO MSVM model. With FS and with unigram and bigram features, the OvR MSVM model had better performance in general than the OvO MSVM model. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-04-05 Full Text: PDF

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi Hijau terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Organik

One of the efforts to increase soil productivity, fertilization efficiency and yield increase is the application of environmentally friendly fertilization technologies. The purpose of the study was to determine the the growth response and yield of mustard greens to the application of organic fertilizer, and which organic fertilizer gave the highest yield. This research was an experiment in the greenhouse of the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University using polybags. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD), with 3 treatments each with 3 levels, and repeated 4 times so that 36 treatments were obtained. The treatments given were vermicompost fertilizer (KS0 = no vermicompost, KS1 = 5 t/ha, KS2 = 10 t/ha); goat manure (KK0= without goat manure, KK1= 5 t/ha, KS2= 10 t/ha); and organic fertilizers sold on the market (K0 = without organic fertilizer application, K1 = 5 t/ha, K2 = 10 t/ha). Each polybag was filled with 2 plants so that the total plants were 72 plants. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of organic fertilizers (compost, vermicompost and goat manure) can increase growth and yield compared to no organic fertilizer application. The application of organic fertilizer 10 tons/ha, gave the highest yield, for a plant height of 35.00 cm; number of leaves 16.25 sheets, 79.29 g, fresh weight and 67.88 g dry weight (compost fertilizer), 34.98 cm, 21.75 sheets, 84.54 g, and 69.72 g (vermicompost fertilizer) , and 35.98 cm, 25.50 sheets, 72.83 g and 61.25 g (goat manure). It is recommended that the cultivation of mustard greens can be done by providing any type of organic fertilizer because it helps growth and yield.

Kelimpahan Thrips parvispinus Karny dan Musuh Alaminya pada Tanaman Cabai Besar (Capsicum annuum L.)

The Abundance of Thrips parvispinus Karny and Its Natural Enemies in Chili Crops (Capsicum annuum L.). This aims of the research is to search the abundance of T. parvispinus Karny and its natural enemies on chili crops (Capsicum annuum.L). The research started from May 2021 to August 2021, located in Selat Village, Banjarangkan District, Klungkung Regency, and at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University. The study was conducted using a descriptive method by conducting a diagonal survey of 20 samples of chili plants that were attacked by T. parvispinus. Observations were made by observing 10 leaves and 10 flowers of chili plants. The results showed that the abundance of T. parvispinus in the vegetative and generative phases fluctuated where the highest population of T. parvispinus occurred in plants aged 10 WAT with an average population of 17,57 individuals per plant then decreased in plants aged 11 WAT with an average population 11,12 individuals. There were two species of predators that preyed on T. parvisvinus, namely Coccinela transversalis with an average population of 23.3 and Chrysoperla carnea with an average of 18,2 individuals. There was one of nymph parasitoid to suppress the development of T. parvispinus namely Ceranisus spp with an average parasitization level 9,8 %.

PENGARUH MONEY ETHIC PADA PERSEPSI ETIS MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI DENGAN MANACIKA PARISUDHA SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI

This research was conducted because of the phenomenon of violations of the professional code of ethics by accountants so that the crisis of public confidence in the accounting profession decreased. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of money ethics on accounting students' ethical perceptions which will later become the basis for ethical decisions, as well as the use of the manacika parisudha variable which might influence the interaction of money ethics on ethical perspectives. The population in this study is master of accounting students and PPAk students of Udayana University who are still actively participating in lectures per odd semester 2020. The sample selection method uses nonprobability sampling with purposive sampling technique so that 34 accounting students of Udayana University are used as research samples. The data were analyzed using a regression model with the absolute difference method. The regression model has passed the classical assumption test. The results of the first hypothesis show that money ethics has a significant negative effect on ethical perceptions of accounting students, the second result shows that manacika parisudha weakens the influence of money ethics on ethical perceptions of accounting students at Udayana University.

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF KEFIR COW’S MILK FORTOFICED ARABICA GROUND COFFEE DURING FERMENTATION


 
 
 The purpose of this study is to fine out the chemical characteristics of kefir cow’s milk fortified arabica ground coffee. The research was conducted in July to September 2020 at the Laboratory of Animal Product Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The five treatments were: fermented cow’s milk kefir without fortification of Arabica ground coffee (P0), fermented cow’s milk kefir with 1% fortification of Arabica coffee (P1), fermented cow’s milk kefir with 2% fortified Arabica coffee (P2), cow’s milk kefir fermented with fortified Arabica coffee powder 3% (P3), cow’s milk kefir was fermented with fortified Arabica coffee powder 4% (P4). The observed variables were lactose content, fat content, protein content and pH value. The results showed that the chemical characteristics of cow’s milk kefir fortified with Arabica coffee during fermentation had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the fat content of pH but was not significantly different (P>0.05) on lactose and protein content was in all tre- atments. The conclusion of this study is that kefir fortified with 2%, 3%, and 4% Arabica ground coffee gave good results according to Codex standards.
 
 

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FERMENTED COW’S MILK IN LIGHT GREEN COCONUT FARM (Cocos nucifera L. var. varidis Hassk)


 
 
 The purpose of this research was to determine the chemical characteristics of fermented cow’s milk kefir in light green coconut shells (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk). The research was conducted from August to Oc- tober 2020 at the Laboratory of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana University. The experimental design used in the study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and five replications. The three treatments were fermented cow’s milk in a jar as a control (P0), and fermented cow’s milk in a light green coconut shell (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) without coconut meat (P1), cow’s milk fermented in light green coconut shell (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) with coconut meat (P2). The variables observed in the research were total acid, lactose content, fat content, and protein content. The research data were analyzed using variance, if the effect of the treatment was significantly different (P<0.05), it was followed by Duncan’s mul- tiple range test. The results showed that the total acid in P2 and P1 treatments were significantly (P<0.05) higher by 36.05% and 29.07% than the P0 treatment, but between P2 and P1 treatments were not significantly different (P>0,05). Lactose content, fat content, and protein content in all treatments (P2, P1 and P0) showed no significant differences (P>0.05). The conclusion of this study that fermented cow’s milk kefir in light green coconut shells (Co- cos nucifera L. var. Viridis Hassk) has an effect on total acid but does not affect lactose content, fat content, and protein content.
 
 

ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF COW MILK KEFIR INCUBATED IN LIGHT GREEN COCONUT SHELLS (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk)


 
 
 This research was conducted to determine the organoleptic quality of kefir incubated in light green coconut shells (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) with and without coconut meat, conducted from August to October 2020 at the Laboratory of Animal Product Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three tre- atments and five replications. The three treatments were: P0 used a jar (control), P1 used light green coconut shell (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) without coconut meat, P2 uses light green coconut shell (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) with coconut meat. The variables observed: color, taste, aroma, texture and overall acceptance. The results of the organoleptic test were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test, if there was a significant differen- ce (P <0.05) followed by the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the organoleptic quality of cow’s milk kefir incubated in light green coconut shells (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) was not significantly different (P>0.05) in all treatments (P0, P1, P2). The conclusion from the results of this study shows that, incubated cow’s milk kefir in light green coconut shell (Cocos nucifera L. var. viridis Hassk) with and without coconut meat did not affect the organoleptic quality of kefir but panelists gave a response that led to preference.
 
 

PHYSICAL QUALITY, IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY, AND FERMENTATION PRODUCTS OF SILAGE RICE STRAW ADDED VARIOUS TYPES OF LEGUMINOSE


 
 
 This study aims to determine the physical quality, dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, N-NH3, and total VFA of rice straw silage added with various legumes. This research was conducted at Farm Sesetan and at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Forage Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University from No- vember to December 2020. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications were P0 (90% rice straw + 5% pollard + 5% mollases), P1 (60% rice straw + 30% Calliandra calothyrsus + 5% pollard + 5% mollases), P2 (60% rice straw + 30% Gliricidia sepium + 5% pollard + 5% mollases), P3 (60% rice straw + 30% Indigofera zollingeriana + 5% pollard + 5% mollases), P4 (60% rice straw + 30% Sesbania grandiflora + 5% pollard + 5% mollases). The results showed that the best values for color, odor, and fungus were obtained in tre- atment P0, P1, and P4. Texture variable got the best value in treatment P0, P1, P2, and P3. The highest of dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility values were in the P4. The highest production of total VFA and N-NH3 was produced in treatment P1 and P2. Based on the research results, the addition of various types of legumes added to the rice straw silage can improve the physical quality, dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, N-NH3 and total VFA of the silage.
 
 

THE ADDITIVE EFFECT OF PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT (Carica papaya L) ON DRINKING WATER ON THE ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF JOPER CHICKEN MEAT


 
 
 This research aims to determine the effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L) added to drinking water and the organoleptic value of joper chicken meat. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Product Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University for 2 months from February to March 2021. This research used a complete random design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications assessed by 20 semi-trained panelists. The data were processed by non parametric kruskall wallis test if there was a significant differences, it was followed by man witney. The four treatments were: papaya leaf concentration as much as 0 ml as a control (P0), papaya leaf concentration as much as 25 ml (P1), papaya leaf concentration as much as 30 ml (P2), papaya leaf concentration as much as 35 ml (P3). The variables observed were the organoleptic test which included color, aroma, texture and tenderness, flavour, bitterness level, and total acceptance. The results showed that the effect of adding papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L) to drinking water had a significant effect (P <0.05) on color, aroma, texture and tenderness, flavour, bitterness level, and total acceptance. The conclusion of this research is the addition of papaya leaf extract to drinking water which can affect the organoleptic quality of joper chicken meat. The optimal concentration of papaya leaves to produce good organoleptic quality is 30 ml, with sensory criteria of golden brown color, fishless aroma, increased tenderness and absence of bitter taste in meat.
 
 

Design and Manufacture of Radiosonde Based on Arduino Pro Mini Using BME280 Sensor

Aims: To produce low-cost Radiosonde instruments with high accuracy, which are expected to be used as a reference in developing upper aerial observation instruments so as to reduce observation costs
 Study Design: Design of Radiosonde Based on Arduino Pro Mini Using BME280 Sensor.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physics, Udayana University, and Indonesian Agency of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG), Region-III Badung, between June 2022 and August 2022.
 Methodology: Calibration is done by comparing the output value of the BME280 sensor and the BMKG calibration standard tool. The calibrated parameters are temperature, humidity, and air pressure. The relationship between the measurement value of the design tool and the standard tool is determined by the linear regression method to obtain the correction equation.
 Results: Radiosonde instruments based on Arduino Pro Mini using the BME280 sensor have been produced. The measurement accuracy obtained for the temperature parameter is 99.9968% with uncertainty (U95) of ±0.18ºC, the humidity parameter is 99.296% with uncertainty (U95) of ±2.9%RH, the air pressure parameter is 99.99998% with uncertainty (U95) of ±0.15 hPa. The accuracy value indicates that the resulting tool has a good level of accuracy to the standard tool.
 Conclusion: In this research, has been produced a Radiosonde instruments at a low-cost with high accuracy and precision, which have been calibrated with BMKG standard tools.

Syntactic Errors Made by English Department Students in Writing Undergraduate Thesis Abstract

This study aims at identifying the types of syntactic errors committed in the undergraduate thesis abstracts as well as the factors contributing to the errors. This study applied a descriptive-qualitative approach with observation, documentation method and note-taking technique. The data source was 30 abstracts written by English Department students of Udayana University who graduated in the 2021 period. In identifying the type of errors, this study employed the surface strategy taxonomy theory proposed by Dulay, Burt, and Krashen. Moreover, in identifying the factor of errors, this study applies Brown’s theory, supported by a theory about the intralingual error by Richards. The finding shows that 467 errors are found in the students’ abstracts. Errors in all syntactic categories were found. However, six out of eight types of error based on surface strategy taxonomy were found. In terms of factor, all factors of error contributing to the errors. According to the discussion, it can be concluded that the major issue in writing abstracts is the student's inability to avoid mother tongue interference as an ESL learner. As a result, the point from the source language had been ambiguously transferred into the target language.