University Of California Research Articles

Did court dismiss fraternity members’ legal action?

The Student Conduct & Academic Integrity Programs at the University of California, Riverside received a report expressing concern for the health of a pledge in the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. SCAIP began an investigation into the fraternity's pledge process.

Implementation of Ideological and Political Theory Course Based on Problem-Based Learning Combined with Small Private Online Course teaching model to Enhance Learning Achievement and Citizenship of Chinese College Students

Background and Aim: Problem-based learning is a kind of targeted and practical learning for students to solve real problems. In the problem design stage, the design of problem scenarios is the core of problem-based learning. The concept of Small Private Online Course (SPOC) was first proposed by Professor Armando Fox, director of MOOC Lab at the University of California, Berkeley, and is abbreviated for Small Private Online Course. In this study, Problem-Based Learning combined with a Small Private Online teaching model were combined to generate a new teaching model. This teaching model emphasizes the role of the problem in the teaching process. Learning throughout the course is an open and dynamic system that can be adapted and improved based on feedback. The purpose of this study was; 1) To compare students’ learning achievement before and after learning through ideological moral and legal basic courses based on problem-based learning combined with the Small Private Online Course (SPOC) teaching model and 2) To compare citizenship of Chinese college students before and after learning through ideological and political theory course based on problem-based learning and Small Private Online Course (SPOC) teaching model. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 50 students (one class) from Xi’an University were investigated. This study used test and self-evaluation forms given to students before and after learning through ideological and political theory education based on problem-based learning combined with small private online (SPOC). Data were collected and analyzed by means, standard deviation, and dependent sample t-test. Results: The results of the learning achievement before and after learning based on problem-based learning and small private online (SPOC) on ideological and political theory course, it was found that the mean scores of pretests of students’ learning achievement were 13.31(SD=6.860) and mean scores of posttests were 17.32 (SD=7.197). The post-test score of students' learning achievement was higher than that of the pre-test score at.01 level of significance. Moreover, the results of citizenship of Chinese college students found that the mean scores of pretests of citizen self-evaluation scores were 35.42 (SD=9.338) and the mean scores of posttests were 44.18 (SD=9.736). The posttest scores of citizenships of Chinese college students were higher than that of the pretest scores at.01 level of significance. Conclusion: The developed ideological and political theory course based on problem-based learning combined with small private online (SPOC) has a significant effect on improving the learning achievement and citizenship of Chinese college students.

Red neuronal para predecir el rendimiento académico

This study presents a model designed to predict academic performance using neural networks. It is framed within a quantitative approach and is categorized as a multivariate correlational study. The research is based on a database from an educational institution, available in the data repository of the University of California, Irvine. R was chosen as the programming language, with RStudio as the development environment. The CRISP-DM methodology was adopted to carry out the data analysis. The construction of the neural network was carried out using the nnet package, available in the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). The neural network model was applied to data collected from 649 students, and its predictive ability was comprehensively evaluated. After comparing it with a multiple linear regression model, it was observed that the neural network model achieved an effectiveness of 87% in predicting academic performance, evidencing its suitability for this purpose.

Using an anti-racist research framework to design studies of oral human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer in San Francisco: rationale and protocol for the Health Equity and Oral Health in People living with HIV (HEOHP) qualitative study

IntroductionThe goal of our research programme is to develop culturally appropriate patient-specific interventions for primary and secondary prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) among people living with HIV...

“Fed Up”: A Clerical Workers’ Manifesto Sparks a Comparable-Worth Campaign at the University of California at Berkeley, 1970–1974

“Fed Up”: A Clerical Workers’ Manifesto Sparks a Comparable-Worth Campaign at the University of California at Berkeley, 1970–1974

Evidences and perspectives on the association between gut microbiota and sepsis: A bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2023

BackgroundIn the last two decades, the role of the gut microbiome in the development, maintenance, and outcome of sepsis has received increased attention; however, few descriptive studies exist on its research focus, priorities, and future prospects. This study aimed to identify the current state, evolution, and emerging trends in the field of gut microbiota and sepsis using bibliometric analysis. MethodsAll publications on sepsis and gut microbiota were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and included in this study. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Web of Science online analysis platform were used to visualize trends based on publication country, institution, author, journal, and keywords. ResultsA total of 1,882 articles on sepsis-related gut microbiota were screened, mainly from 95 countries or regions and 2,581 institutions. The United States and China contributed the most to this research field, with 521 (27.683 %) and 376 (19.979 %) articles, respectively. Scientists from the University of California were the most prolific, publishing 63 (3.348 %) articles. Cani PD published papers with the highest H-index, establishing himself as a leader in the field. The most publications were published in the journals “Nutrients” and “PLOS One.” The journals with the most co-citations were “PLOS One,” “Nature,” and “Gut.” The most used keywords were prebiotics, gut microbiota, and sepsis. The keyword burst research analysis revealed that research on treatment strategies based on the intestinal microbiota, intestine-liver axis, and regulatory mechanisms of bacterial metabolites are currently hot directions. ConclusionThis study presents a global overview of the current state and potential trends in the field of sepsis-related gut microbiota. This study identified hot research sub-directions and new trends through comparison and analysis, which will aid in the development of this field.

In Commemoration of Dr. Farrokh Modabber: An Iranian Pioneer of Cellular Immunology, and Leishmaniases Vaccine Research in Iran and the World.

Born in 1940 in Rasht, Iran, Dr. Farrokh Modabber earned his B.A. in Bacteriology and Ph.D. in Microbiology from University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He joined the Harvard Medical School as a fellow before transitioning to a faculty role at Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and played a pivotal role in advancing Cellular Immunology. In the early 1970s, he returned to Iran as an Associate Professor at Pahlavi University in Shiraz. Subsequently, he rejoined HSPH before embarking on a tenure at Tehran University. As the head of the Pathobiology Department at Tehran University School of Public Health, he initiated the Tehran/Harvard joint M.Sc. program in Immunology, which played a crucial role in shaping the careers of numerous Iranian immunologists over the following decades. Dr. Modabber went on to hold esteemed positions such as Director General of the Pasteur Institute of Iran, visiting immunology lecturer at various universities, Coordinator of Research Capability Strengthening of WHO's Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Director of the Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), and Senior Advisor of Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), to name a few. This article highlights Dr. Modabber's impactful career, focusing on his efforts to combat global leishmaniasis.

Urine protein to creatinine ratio remains informative despite non-steady state serum creatinine during AKI

IntroductionExperts have cautioned that assessment of proteinuria using urine protein to creatinine ratios (UPCRs) are not valid during acute kidney injury (AKI) since reduced urine creatinine in the denominator may artificially inflate the ratio. However, there is little empiric data assessing this theoretical concern. MethodsHere, we retrospectively examined changes in UPCRs measured during episodes of severe AKI and assessed whether the magnitude and direction of these changes associate with how the serum creatinine level is changing at the time of UPCR collection. We repeated these analyses comparing hospitalization UPCRs with pre/post hospitalization UPCRs where available. ResultsAmong 329 adults hospitalized with stage 2 or 3 AKI (defined as peak:nadir serum creatinine during hospitalization ≥2) at the University of California, San Francisco 1/1/2014 to 12/31/2021 with multiple UPCRs measured during AKI hospitalization, UPCR values were similar whether the serum creatinine was rising or falling at the time of measurement (median difference 0.06 g/g, IQR -0.26 to 0.50 g/g). There was no association between the difference in serum creatinine slopes when the UPCRs were collected and the difference in UPCR values (UPCR 0.05 g/g higher per mg/dL/day serum creatinine slope, 95% CI -0.36 to 0.47, p=0.80). UPCRs measured during hospitalization demonstrated positive and negative predictive values suggesting utility in appraising clinically relevant outpatient UPCR levels. ConclusionDespite non-steady state serum creatinine at the time of collection, UPCRs measured during AKI hospitalizations may be more informative than previously believed and should not be wholly disregarded.

Muscle Advancement During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair as a Treatment Option for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears.

The management of irreparable rotator cuff tears presents a surgical dilemma. However, supraspinatus muscle advancement (MA) could be used to convert irreparable to reparable tears without requiring a graft. To compare the outcomes of patients with an irreparable tear who underwent rotator cuff repair with MA with those with a reparable large to massive cuff tear who underwent rotator cuff repair. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. We enrolled 62 patients who underwent rotator cuff repair for a large to massive tear between January 2020 and May 2022. Among them, 29 patients underwent an MA procedure due to an inability to repair despite releases (MA group), whereas the other 33 patients did not require the procedure (NMA group). At 1 year postoperatively, follow-up assessments including magnetic resonance imaging were performed to evaluate group outcomes. Despite there being more revision surgery cases and a poorer potential for cuff healing in the MA group, the retear rates in the MA and NMA groups were similar (31.0% vs 21.2%, respectively; P = .401), as were clinical outcomes, including the visual analog scale for pain (2.9 vs 1.9; P = .076), University of California, Los Angeles (27.0 vs 29.1; P = .185), Constant (70.1 vs 74.9; P = .063), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (74.5 vs 81.8; P = .168) scores. Postoperative muscle power during forward elevation was weaker in the MA group than in the NMA group (35.1 vs 45.8 N; P = .052), but external rotation power was comparable (49.3 vs 59.0 N; P = .121). Progress in fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus was not significantly different in the 2 groups (P = .43), although the MA group showed a nonsignificant decrease in supraspinatus atrophy (P = .092) due to the lateral shift produced by the procedure. The MA procedure for irreparable tears produced outcomes comparable with reparable tears, offering a valuable perspective on the efficiency of the procedure. The comparable but relatively high retear rates emphasize the need for further studies to compare with other treatment options for irreparable tears.

Regarding the question of usage of open-source evidence in criminal proceedings

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of using open-source evidence in criminal proceedings. Attention is drawn to the lack of a universally recognized definition of the term “open-source information”, a list of fundamental features of this type of information is provided, among which are: 1) accessibility of the information to the general public; 2) the author of the information may not be determined; 3) access to information can be provided both on a paid and free basis. The lack of an adequate volume of legislation aimed at regulating the procedure for usage of open-source evidence is emphasized. A study of the Berkeley Protocol, which was created jointly by the University of California, Berkeley School of Law and representatives of the United Nations, was carried out. In particular, the following is outlined: a list of the principles enshrined in the Berkeley Protocol, divided into professional, methodological and ethical, their content; the investigation process put forward in the Berkeley Protocol, that consists of the following stages: 1) online inquiries; 2) preliminary assessment; 3) collection of information; 4) preservation of information; 5) verification of information; 6) investigative analysis. Problems that may arise in the process of using open-source evidence are emphasized. The requirements of propriety, admissibility and reliability of open-source evidence are studied. The state of legal regulation of the issue of the usage of open-source evidence in national legislation is considered. The specific features of electronic (digital) evidence are singled out, which distinguish them from other types of evidence and determine the need to separate them in the criminal procedural legislation as a different type of evidence. The practice of national and international judicial institutions related to the use of open-source evidence is considered. The special role of this type of evidence for establishing the corpus delicti or circumstances of crimes against the foundations of national security, especially since the beginning of full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine, is emphasized.

Community-Engaged Research and the Use of Open Access ToxVal/ToxRef In Vivo Databases and New Approach Methodologies (NAM) to Address Human Health Risks From Environmental Contaminants.

The paper analyzes opportunities for integrating Open access resources (Abstract Sifter, US EPA and NTP Toxicity Value and Toxicity Reference [ToxVal/ToxRefDB]) and New Approach Methodologies (NAM) integration into Community Engaged Research (CEnR). CompTox Chemicals Dashboard and Integrated Chemical Environment with in vivo ToxVal/ToxRef and NAMs (in vitro) databases are presented in three case studies to show how these resources could be used in Pilot Projects involving Community Engaged Research (CEnR) from the University of California, Davis, Environmental Health Sciences Center. Case #1 developed a novel assay methodology for testing pesticide toxicity. Case #2 involved detection of water contaminants from wildfire ash and Case #3 involved contaminants on Tribal Lands. Abstract Sifter/ToxVal/ToxRefDB regulatory data and NAMs could be used to screen/prioritize risks from exposure to metals, PAHs and PFAS from wildfire ash leached into water and to investigate activities of environmental toxins (e.g., pesticides) on Tribal lands. Open access NAMs and computational tools can apply to detection of sensitive biological activities in potential or known adverse outcome pathways to predict points of departure (POD) for comparison with regulatory values for hazard identification. Open access Systematic Empirical Evaluation of Models or biomonitoring exposures are available for human subpopulations and can be used to determine bioactivity (POD) to exposure ratio to facilitate mitigation. These resources help prioritize chemical toxicity and facilitate regulatory decisions and health protective policies that can aid stakeholders in deciding on needed research. Insights into exposure risks can aid environmental justice and health equity advocates.

First person – Emmet Francis

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Emmet Francis is first author on ‘ Computational modeling establishes mechanotransduction as a potent modulator of the mammalian circadian clock’, published in JCS. Emmet is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the lab of Padmini Rangamani at University of California, San Diego, USA, where he develops computational models at the intersection of cell signaling and cell mechanics to discover mechanisms of chemo-mechanical coupling that enable cells to adapt and respond to diverse stimuli.

ECR Spotlight – Nicole Schwartz

ECR Spotlight is a series of interviews with early-career authors from a selection of papers published in Journal of Experimental Biology and aims to promote not only the diversity of early-career researchers (ECRs) working in experimental biology but also the huge variety of animals and physiological systems that are essential for the ‘comparative’ approach. Nicole Schwartz is an author on ‘ A meta-analysis of whole-body and heart mass effect sizes from a long-term artificial selection experiment for high voluntary exercise’, published in JEB. Nicole conducted the research described in this article while a PhD student in Theodore Garland, Jr's lab at University of California, Riverside, USA. She is now a Postdoctoral Fellow in the lab of Patricia C. Lopes at Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, USA, investigating how early-life effects can alter the development of offspring and modify the expression of complex behaviors (e.g. voluntary exercise) into adulthood.

Real-time study of radiation damage in monocrystalline diamond sensors

Being an excellent radiation hard material, diamond is preferred as an ionizing radiation sensor in radiation harsh environments. In this study, radiation damage from a beam of 67.5 MeV protons at the Crocker Nuclear Laboratory on the campus of the University of California, Davis, was used to determine exposure lifetime in detectors made from a thinned (∼ 40 μm) monocrystalline CVD (chemical vapor deposition) diamond substrate. The sensor response was sampled in real time as the sensor was exposed to a total fluence of ∼ 4×1016 / cm2, yielding an overall damage constant of k = (3.3 ± 0.3) × 10-18 cm2 / p-μm. Damage levels were later confirmed using a non-destructive x-ray technique at the LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Results are presented on the real-time degradation of the charge collection efficiency as a function of proton fluence.

Loss of Antibiotic Resistance Transposons if grown in the absence of Antibiotics

In a recent article I have proven F is not a single replicon but co-integrate of two complete replicons – F and R. These two replicons are not allowed to function simultaneously but their individual functional states are stringently controlled by the transposon Tn 1000(5.7 Kb). Besides these two replicons we have previously mentioned the Ent plasmid P307. In 1977 we characterized the antibiotic resistance plasmid pCG86 in ETEC isolated from the stool of a piglet with diarrhoeal disease. The genes for heat-labile enterotoxin and heat-stable enterotoxin were also carried by the same plasmid pCG86. In the year 1975 we received this same bacterial isolate of Carlton Gyles (Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, University of Guelph, Ontario Canada) from Professor S. Falkow (University of California) who saved the stab at room temperature but without adding antibiotics. The same strain can’t grow in the presence of antibiotics. After the discovery of transposons, I felt the re-interpretation of this heteroduplex molecule formed between pCG86 and Ent P307 is absolutely necessary.

Multiple Anterior Chamber Paracenteses May Be Needed to Identify Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis

PURPOSETo demonstrate cases of anterior uveitis requiring more than one anterior chamber paracenesis to elucidate CMV as the causative etiology. DESIGNRetrospective chart review. METHODSPatients were seen at the Francis I. Proctor Foundation at the University of California, San Francisco between 2013 to 2024. Patients who required more than one anterior chamber paracentesis to detect CMV as the etiologic agent of their anterior uveitis were included. Number of anterior chamber paracenteses required to detect CMV, demographic and clinical features, viral load at time of positive anterior chamber paracentesis and association between topical corticosteroid use and viral load at time of positive anterior chamber paracentesis. RESULTSFourteen patients required a median of 2 (range 2-4) anterior chamber paracenteses to detect CMV. Mean age was 48.2 years, and 57.1% were male. Most patients (64.3%) were born in East and Southeast Asia. All affected eyes featured ocular hypertension. Five patients (35.7%) were initially treated with systemic immunosuppression before CMV was detected. Increasing frequency of topical corticosteroid use was significantly associated with higher CMV viral loads (p<0.001). Five patients (35.7%) required glaucoma surgery. In 13 patients with available data, uveitis was present for an average of 2776 days (range 23-7889 days) prior to CMV detection. Once diagnosed, most patients were treated with oral valganciclovir, with one patient transitioning to letermovir due to side effects. CONCLUSIONSCMV anterior uveitis may be more prevalent than previously recognized and often requires multiple anterior chamber paracenteses for diagnosis. Reliance on a signle negative test may lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for CMV in cases of recurrent anterior uveitis, particularly in patients of East and Southeast Asian descent. This study highlights the importance of repeated testing and appropriate antiviral treatment to prevent complications such as glaucoma.

Conversion Therapy to Transplant or Surgical Resection in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Boosted Dose of Yttrium-90 Radiation Segmentectomy.

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of boosted dose yttrium-90 radioembolization (TARE) as a modality for conversion therapy to transplant or surgical resection in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this single-center retrospective study, all patients with a diagnosis of HCC who were treated with boosted dose TARE (>190 Gy) between January 2013 and December 2023 were reviewed. Treatment response and decrease in tumor size were assessed with the RECIST v1.1 and mRECIST criteria. Milan and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), criteria were used to determine transplant eligibility, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) surgical resection recommendations were used to evaluate tumor resectability. Thirty-eight patients with primary HCC who were treated with boosted dose TARE were retrospectively analyzed. The majority of the patients were Child-Pugh A (n = 35; 92.1%), BCLC C (n = 17; 44.7%), and ECOG performance status 0 (n = 25; 65.8%). The mean sum of the target lesions was 6.0 cm (standard deviation; SD = 4.0). The objective response rate (ORR) was 31.6% by RECIST and 84.2% by mRECIST. The disease control rate (DCR) was 94.7% by both RECIST and mRECIST. Among patients outside of Milan or UCSF, 13/25 (52.0%, Milan) and 9/19 (47.4%, UCSF) patients were successfully converted to within transplant criteria. Of patients who were initially unresectable, conversion was successful in 7/26 (26.9%) patients. This study provides further real-world data demonstrating that boosted-dose TARE is an effective modality for conversion of patients with unresectable HCC to transplant or resection.

The effect of preemptive middle glenohumeral ligament release, following release of the rotator interval and coracohumeral ligament, in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair of small- to medium-sized tears to prevent postoperative stiffness: a retrospective comparative study

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preemptive middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) release during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) of small- to medium-sized tears to prevent postoperative stiffness. MethodsPatients who underwent ARCR of small- to medium-sized tears were enrolled and allocated into two groups retrospectively: the preemptive MGHL release group (MGHL+ group, n=34) and preemptive MGHL non-release group (MGHL- group, n=32). The rotator interval and coracohumeral ligament release were performed in all patients with or without MGHL release in both groups. Clinical outcomes including the range of motion (ROM), Constant Shoulder (CS) score, and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score preoperatively and at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively and complications were assessed and compared between the two groups. The integrity of the repaired tendon was assessed at the 12-month follow-up using magnetic resonance imaging. ResultsThe MGHL+ group showed a significantly higher external rotation, CS score, and UCLA score than the MGHL- group at 6 months postoperatively (P=.03, <.001, .01, respectively). The ROM and functional scores were not significantly different between the groups at 3 and 12 months postoperatively (P>.05). The retear rate, postoperative stiffness, and postoperative instability were not significantly different between the groups (all, P>.05). ConclusionsPreemptive MGHL release in ARCR of small- to medium-sized tears could be an effective method to prevent early postoperative shoulder stiffness but does not significantly change the overall clinical outcome after ARCR.

Increased Traumatic Brain Injury Severity and Mortality in Undocumented Immigrants.

Health disparities related to traumatic brain injury (TBI) have focused on socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity. We sought to characterize TBI patterns and outcomes based on undocumented status. Patients who presented to University of California, San Diego Health Trauma Center with a TBI between 2019 and 2022 were identified and stratified based on undocumented status. Undocumented immigrants were identified using validated methods of absent or invalid social security number and key terms through chart review. Demographic information, injury characteristics, and neurosurgical interventions were recorded. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine the impact of patient factors on outcomes. Of 1654 patients with TBI, 76 (4.6%) were undocumented. Undocumented immigrants were younger (50 vs 60 years; P < .001) and had higher Injury Severity Score (17 vs 13; P < .001). They presented from farther distances (12.8 vs 5.3 miles, P < .001) with greater midline shift (1.49 vs 0.91 mm; P = .003). A greater proportion had basal cistern compression/effacement (14% vs 4.6%; P = .001) and required neurosurgical intervention (18% vs 9.6%; P = .012). Undocumented immigrants had higher hospital charges ($208 403 vs $128 948; P < .001), length of stay (5 vs 4 days; P = .002), and were discharged to a health facility at a lower rate (18% vs 32%; P = .012). They had nearly double the mortality rate (14% vs 7.3%; P = .021), with undocumented status trending as a predictor on multivariable regression (odds ratio = 2.87; P = .052). Undocumented immigrants presented from farther distances with increased TBI severity, likely from both more severe trauma and delayed presentation, requiring more neurosurgical intervention. They also had greater length of stay, charges, and nearly double the mortality rate. Importantly, undocumented status was a strong predictor for mortality. Despite worse outcomes, they were discharged to a health care facility at a lower rate. Advocacy efforts should be directed at increasing health care coverage and migrant community engagement and education.

Accelerated Orthodontics: A Descriptive Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 50 Cited Articles from 2012 to 2023.

Accelerated orthodontics represents a significant shift in dental practice aimed at reducing treatment times while maintaining optimal patient outcomes. This bibliometric analysis evaluated the research landscape of accelerated orthodontics from 2012 to 2023, focusing on publication trends, citation patterns, influential journals, leading institutions, and key contributors. A comprehensive search in Scopus identified 600 relevant articles, with the top 50 most-cited papers encompassing systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and experimental studies. Key techniques, such as corticotomy and piezocision, have been frequently highlighted for their effectiveness in expediting tooth movement. The analysis revealed fluctuating annual scientific outputs, with notable peaks driven by technological advancements and increased patient demand for quicker orthodontic solutions. However, the production of high-impact papers was hindered by delays in citation accumulation and disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Keyword analysis identified critical themes, such as orthodontic tooth movement, malocclusion, and demographic factors, while a global collaboration map underscored extensive international research partnerships. Leading journals included the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, and prominent institutions such as the University of California at Los Angeles played significant roles in advancing the field. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of accelerated orthodontics, emphasizing the need for continued research, particularly RCTs, to further refine and validate accelerated orthodontic techniques and improve clinical outcomes.