Dean Of College Research Articles

دور القیادة الجامعیة فی تفعیل الإدارة الإلکترونیة بمکتبات جامعة الامیر سطام بن عبدالعزیز.

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على واقع القيادة الجامعية في تفعيل الإدارة الإلکترونية بالمکتبات الجامعية بجامعة الأمير سطام بن عبدالعزيز، کما هدفت إلى الکشف عن المعوقات التي تواجه القيادة الجامعية لتفعيل الإدارة الإلکترونية بالمکتبات الجامعية، ومعرفة المتطلبات لتفعيلها، والکشف عما إذا کانت هناک فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05) بين استجابات عينة الدراسة على واقع القيادة الجامعية في تفعيل الإدارة الإلکترونية بالمکتبات الجامعية ولمعوقات التي تواجههم ومتطلبات التفعيل تبعا للمتغيرات (المسمى الوظيفي- الجنس- الرتبة العلمية- عدد سنوات الخبرة). وقد اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وطبقت الاستبانة ذات المقياس الخماسي أدارة لجمع البيانات، وقد تکون مجتمع الدراسة من القيادة الجامعية متمثلة في وکلاء الجامعة وعمداء الکليات والعمادات المساندة ووکلاء العمداء، والبالغ عددهم (125) فردا، أما العينة فقد تکونت من (69) فردا. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج منها ضعف إشراف القيادة الجامعية على جميع نشاطات المکتبات إلکترونيا، ولا تتوفر الإمکانات التقنية اللازمة لمتطلبات الإدارة الإلکترونية في المکتبات الجامعية. وکذلک ضعف البنية التحتية لشبکات الاتصال في الکثير من المکتبات الجامعية. کما أن الدورات التدريبية في مجال الإدارة الإلکترونية للعاملين في المکتبات الجامعية غير متوفرة بشکل کاف. The study aimed to identify the reality of university leadership in activating electronic management in university libraries at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. It also aimed to uncover the obstacles facing the university leadership to activate electronic management in university libraries, to know the requirements to activate it, and to reveal whether there are statistically significant differences at the level of The significance (0.05) between the study sample responses on the reality of university leadership in activating the electronic administration in university libraries and the obstacles they face and the activation requirements according to the variables (job title - gender - academic rank - number of years of experience). The study adopted the descriptive and analytical approach, and applied the five-scale questionnaire to collect data. The study population may be from the university leadership represented by the university vice presidents, deans of colleges, support deanships and vice deans, whose number is (125) individuals, and the sample consisted of (69) individuals. . The study reached a number of results, including the weak supervision of the university leadership on all library activities electronically, and the technical capabilities necessary for the requirements of electronic management in university libraries are not available. As well as the weakness of the communication network infrastructure in many university libraries. Also, training courses in electronic management for university library workers are not sufficiently available.

Changes of air quality during the pandemic and airborne transmission issues.

The COVID-19 pandemic has killed more than 1 000 000 people within nine months in 2020. The world is changed as the cities were locked down, the traffic reduced, and people forced to work from home and keep social distance. These controlling measures also resulted in drastic reduction of the emission of many air pollutants, providing researchers an unprecedented large-scale natural experiment in examining how the air quality would respond to a strong forcing. In this panel discussion held on 22 September 2020, five experts gathered to discuss their observations and analyses, as well as the current understanding and misconception about airborne transmission.This Forum article is dedicated to Prof. Martin Williams of the Imperial College London, who intended to join the panel discussion but passed away one day before it. Guy Brasseur Professor of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Germany Junji Cao Professor of Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Aijun Ding Dean and Professor of School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, China Lidia Morawska Professor of Queensland University of Technology, Australia Tong Zhu (Chair) Dean and Professor of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China

Judge rules against university dean

Case name: Fry v. Doane University, No. 4:18CV3145 (D. Neb. 12/11/19).

Judge rules against university dean

Case name: Fry v. Doane University, No. 4:18CV3145 (D. Neb. 12/11/19).

Judge rules against university dean

Case name: Fry v. Doane University, No. 4:18CV3145 (D. Neb. 12/11/19).

Judge rules against university dean

Case name: Fry v. Doane University, No. 4:18CV3145 (D. Neb. 12/11/19).

واقع ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء فی جامعة المجمعة من وجهة نظر الوکلاء ورؤساء الأقسام The reality of practicing Roaming management among Deans at Majmaah University from the perspective of department leaders and heads

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة، وفي سبيل تحقيق ذلک استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي المسحي، کما تم استخدام الاستبانة کأداة لجمع بيانات الدراسة من مجتمعها المتمثل في جميع الوکلاء ورؤساء الأقسام في المرکز الرئيس لجامعة المجمعة بمحافظة المجمعة والبالغ عددهم (63) فردا، وقد استجاب منهم (56) فردا، أي بنسبة (88.9%). وقد توصلت الدراسة للعديد من النتائج أبرزها: أن درجة ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة جاءت عالية، کما أوضحت النتائج أن هناک العديد من الصعوبات التي تواجه القيادات الجامعية لممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة أبرزها: کثرة المهام الموکلة للعميد وضغوط العمل، قله الوعي بأهمية الجولات التفقدية، إضافة إلى ما سبق فقد أظهرت النتائج أن بعض المقترحات التي من الممکن أن تساهم في تعزيز ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى القيادات الجامعية بجامعة المجمعة أبرزها: إلمام العمداء بالأساليب الإشرافية الحديثة المبنية على الشفافية، اختيار الکفاءات القيادية المتفهمة لدورها في تطوير بيئة العمل، کما بينت النتائج أنه لا توجد هناک فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد الدراسة حول درجة ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة باختلاف متغير طبيعة العمل، وسنوات الخبرة في مجال العمل، في حين أظهرت النتائج أن هناک فروقا ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.01) بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد الدراسة حول درجة ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة باختلاف متغير الدورات التدريبية، وذلک لصالح أفراد الدراسة ممن حصلوا على ثلاث دورات فأکثر، ولصالح ممن حصلوا على دورتين بالنسيبة للصعوبات، وفي الأخير فقد أوضحت النتائج أنه لا توجد هناک فرواقا ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات استجابات أفراد الدراسة حول المقترحات التي من شأنها تعزيز ممارسة الإدارة بالتجوال لدى العمداء في جامعة المجمعة باختلاف متغير الدورات التدريبية الخاصة في مجال مدخل الإدارة بالتجوال. The current study generally aimed at identifying the reality of practicing roaming management by the deans of Majmaah University. Accordingly, the researcher used the descriptive survey methodology in order to achieve the study objective. Moreover, the questionnaire was used as a study tool to collect study data from the targeted population represented by all department leaders and heads at the main center of Majmaah University in in Majmaa Governorate. The study population was 63 individuals, of who 56 responded, that is (88.9%).The study revealed several findings, including: The degree to which the deans of Majmaah University are practicing roaming management at Majmaah University was high. The finding also showed that there are many difficulties encountered by the university top management while the deans are practicing roaming management at Majmaah University, most prominently: the plenty of tasks assigned to the university deans, work pressures, lack of awareness of the importance of supervisory roaming. Moreover, the study findings stated some of the proposals that could contribute to enhance the roaming management practice among university leaders at Majmaah University, most notably: deans should be aware of modern supervisory methods which are based on transparency, selecting leadership competencies who have deep understanding of their role in the development of work environment. Besides, the study resutls showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the mean responses of the study participants about the degree of practicing roaming management by the deans at Majmaah University, in terms of the variables of the work nature and years of work experience in the field. While the study results showed that there are statistically significant differences at the level (0.01) between the mean responses of the study participants about the degree of practicing roaming by the deans at the Majmaah University according to the variable of training courses in favor of the participants who have completed three courses or more, and in favor of those who have completed two courses with regard to the difficulties. Finally, the findings showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the mean responses of the study participants about the proposals that would promote the practice of roaming management among the deans of Majmaah University, in terms of the special training courses in the field of roaming management.

Estrategias para potenciar la retroalimentación en los talleres disciplinares de las carreras de Ciencias de la Salud

IntroductionEffective feedback guides the future performance and improves the learning process in health students. The main aim of the present study is to describe the perceptions of received/delivered feedback in the Health Science Faculty of the Autonomous University of Chile. MethodsThe present study used a survey to diagnose how student and teachers perceived their received/delivered feedback. These data were analysed descriptively and comparatively between health careers. Then, further training was delivered to teachers and an informative poster and booklet were designed. ResultsA total of 513 student and 20 teachers answered the survey. The majority of students perceived that never or sometimes they received effective feedback. These results were statistically different compared to teachers’ perceptions (P<.05). Medicine students were significantly different compared to other careers (P=.001). Finally, poster and booklets were distributed amongst university deans and departments. ConclusionDeferent perceptions regarding received/delivered feedback were found between different health students and teachers. There is a need to stablish a feedback culture in the learning environment of health careers, transforming the student in an active element of the learning/teaching experience.

Factors Affecting the Independence of Hospital Management in Iran University of Medical Science

Introduction: Governmental hospitals have so far managed in different ways to increase the efficiency of hospitals, each of which has its disadvantages and advantages. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the independence of hospital management in Iran University of Medical Science. Material and Methods: This descriptive-survey study was conducted pragmatically at hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences to identify obstacles and provide the necessary infrastructure by conducting study and follow-up. The sample was 94 people including university dean, deputies and chief executives of hospitals, educational and research deputies, therapists and professionals. Questionnaire was used as data collection tools and field data collection method. Results: The mean age of participants was 47.24 ± 5.41 years. Cronbach's alpha of 41 questions was assessed to test the reliability of the questionnaire. The total alpha coefficient was 0.843. The results showed that the mean score of all domains based on experience time was not significantly different (p&gt; 0.05). The mean score of all domains in the first and third items based on education was statistically significant (p &lt;0.05). In other items, there was no significant difference based on education level (p&gt; 0.05). Conclusion: In general, according to the results and extracted five items, the independence of hospital management can improve the efficacy of services and satisfy the patients and staff.

Women in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine in France: Are we making any progress?

IntroductionGender imbalance in medicine is a topic of increasing interest. Gender matters, as there is increasing evidence that a gender diverse medical workforce translates into improved patient outcomes. The gender distribution in France among the Anaesthetists-Intensive Care (AIC) physicians has never been considered. MethodsGender distribution is described during the last two decades in France among the whole population of AIC physicians according to their age, professional activity, leading and academic position. ResultsThe proportion of female AIC physicians remained stable from 1999 to 2018, between 35 and 38%. Only 40% of residents choosing this specialty in 2018 were female. Female AIC physicians were under-represented in key medico-political and academic positions: in 2018, 0.7% of the 605 presidents of medical commissions from public hospitals and none of the medical university deans were female AIC physicians; 9% of AIC full Professors were female. In the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (SFAR), 42% of the members of the Scientific Committee of our Society are women. ConclusionsA gender imbalance is apparent in French AIC Medicine and worsens as physicians progress through their academic or leadership pathways. The French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care campaigns for proportional representation at all levels of leadership, which translates into more gender equality in the committees of the society, including the Scientific Committee. A major policy shift is urgently required to support women, to tend toward gender parity to increase the performance of the French AIC workforce.

القیادة متعددة العوامل لدى عمداء الکلیات وعلاقتها بالتماثل التنظیمی Multi-Factor Leadership among College Deans and its Relationship to Organizational Forms

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى القيادة متعددة العوامل لدى عمداء الکليات وعلاقتها بالتماثل التنظيمي من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة شقراء، ولجمع البيانات استخدمت الباحثة استبانة مکونة من (38) فقرة موزعة على محورين کل محور يتکون من (19) فقرة. لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة وللإجابة عن أسئلتها تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي، وذلک لوصف وتحليل وتفسير نتائج استجابات أعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة شقراء، والمنهج الارتباطي لمعرفة العلاقة الارتباطية بين القيادة متعددة العوامل لدى عمداء الکليات والتماثل التنظيمي. تم اختيار عينة الدراسة بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة ممثلة لمجتمع الدراسة، حيث اشتملت العينة على (283) مستجيبا، أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة ممارسة عمداء الکليات بجامعة شقراء للقيادة متعددة العوامل من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس کان متوسطا، کما أظهرت النتائج ان درجة التماثل التنظيمي لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس بجامعة شقراء من وجهة نظرهم کانت متوسطة، کما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α≤0.05) بين درجة ممارسة عمداء الکليات بجامعة شقراء ودرجة التماثل التنظيمي لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس من وجهة نظرهم وبين تعزيز تنمية قدرات العمداء على ممارسة الأنماط القيادية بفعالية، وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة فقد أوصت الدراسة بإتاحة الفرصة لأعضاء هيئة التدريس للمشارکة في صنع القرار مما ينعکس على زيادة التماثل مع المنظمة. وتعزيز آليات وأساليب التحفيز في الجامعات مما يحفز على عملية التماثل لدى أعضاء هيئة التدريس. وإجراء دراسة مقارنة على الجامعات في المملکة العربية السعودية عن الأنماط القيادية وعلاقتها بالتماثل التنظيمي. The study aimed to identify the multi-factor leadership of the deans of colleges and their relationship to organizational forms from the viewpoint of faculty members at ShaqraUniversity. To collect data, the researcher used a questionnaire consisting of (38) items distributed on two domains, each domain consisting of (19) item. To achieve the objectives of the study and to answer its questions, a descriptive approach was used, to describe, analyze and interpret the results of faculty responses at ShaqraUniversity, and the relational approach to know the correlation between multi-factor leadership among college deans and organizational forms. The sample of the study was selected via the simple random method and included (283) respondents. The results of the study showed that the degree of colleges deans at ShaqraUniversity for multi-factor leadership from the viewpoint of faculty members was average, and the results also showed that the degree of organizational forms with the faculty members of ShaqraUniversity from their point of view were average. The results showed a statistically significant relationship at the level of significance (α≤0.05) between the degree of college deans ’practice at ShaqraUniversity and the degree of organizational symmetry of faculty members from their viewpoint: strengthening and developing the capabilities of deans to practice patterns leading effectively. In the light of the results attained, the study recommended that faculty members should be given the opportunity to participate in decision-making which will be reflected in increasing symmetry with the organization. The study also recommended strengthening mechanisms and methods of motivation at universities, which stimulates the process of symmetry among the faculty members. Finally, the study recommended conducting a comparative study on universities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on leadership patterns and their relationship to organizational symmetry.

Preface

We are glad to introduce you that the 2020 International Conference on Green Chemical and Environmental Science (ICGCES 2020), supported by AEIC Academic Exchange Information Center, was successfully held on June 12, 2020. In light of worldwide travel restriction and the impact of COVID-19, ICGCES 2020 was carried out in the form of virtual conference to avoid personnel gatherings. Because most participants were still highly enthusiastic about participating in this conference, we chose to carry out ICGCES 2020 via online platform according to the original schedule instead of postponing it. ICGCES 2020 aimed to provide a flexible platform for experts and scholars in the field of Green Chemical and Environmental Science to disseminate the latest research achievements and advanced technologies, as well as to promote the cooperation between each other.We are greatly honored to have invited Prof. Jieshan Qiu, the Dean of College of Chemical Engineering at Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), to serve as our Conference Chair. Prof. Qiu is an internationally-recognized expert in chemical engineering, whose research areas cover both fundamental and applied aspects of carbon materials and science, with a focus on the methodologies for producing carbon materials from coal and coal-derived by-products such as coal tar pitch, and their applications in energy storage and conversion (solar cells, supercapacitor and batteries, etc.), catalysis and environment protection.During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and online Q&A discussion. In the first part, some scholars were given about 5-10 minutes to perform their oral presentations one by one. Then in the second part, keynote speakers were each allocated 30-45 minutes to hold their speeches. Our beloved Conference Chair, Prof. Qiu, was also invited to present his latest research. In the last part of the conference, all participants were invited to join in a WeChat group to discuss and explore the academic issues after the presentations. The online discussion was lasted for about 30-60 minutes. The first two parts were conducted via online collaboration tool, Zoom, while the online discussion was carried out through instant communication tool, WeChat. The online platform enabled all participants to join this grand academic event from their own home.List of Conference Chairman and Committee are available in this pdf.

Job Satisfaction among University Teachers working in Private Sector in the Punjab Province of Pakistan: A Quantitative Investigation

Job satisfaction is a feeling of pride and worker success on the job. It is generally perceived to be directly related to both profitability and personal wellbeing. This study aimed to discover teachers’ perceptions about their job satisfaction based on the demographic characteristics of gender at private sector universities in Lahore district, Pakistan. The population of study consisted of all faculty members of all the private universities situated in district Lahore. Sample comprised 300 Lecturers, Assistant Professors, and Associate Professors selected through proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Proportion of male and female teachers was 179 and 129 respectively. A Likert type instrument was developed having 28 statements which were related to the factors of job satisfaction opportunity, organization, safety security, pay, working condition, policies practices, relationship with coworkers, relationship with supervisors, working environment, stress and work load. Reliability of the instrument was 0.781 which showed that the questionnaire was accurate. Findings of the study showed that male and female teachers had perceived equally towards all factors of job satisfaction, whereas no significant difference was found regarding opportunity, organization, pay, working condition, policies and practices, and relationship with coworkers between male and female teachers. It is recommended that universities, administrators, educational consultants, deans of universities should use strategic action for producing and sustaining job satisfaction among university teachers.

Leader‐to‐Follower Transitions: Flexibility and Awareness

Middle managers can be both leaders and followers by virtue of their placement in the organizational hierarchy. Their position requires that they be adept at both leading and following and transitioning between the two roles. Such transitions may even occur multiple times within a single interaction with followers, peers, or top management. Ten randomly selected community college deans in the United States, representing academic middle management, were interviewed about how they differentiate between follower and leader roles, embrace a follower self‐concept, perceive their effectiveness in transitioning between follower and leader roles, and engage in the process of transitioning between roles. Findings suggested that awareness of the need to transition and the flexibility to transition were important to effectiveness as an academic middle manager. The participants seemed reluctant to embrace a follower self‐concept and primarily identified themselves as leaders. Leadership development and coaching for middle managers may benefit from increasing awareness of the need to transition between leader and follower roles to prepare middle managers for such a challenge.

Embedded, necessary, and problematic: the politics of Canadian university deans’ reappointments

ABSTRACT Academic administrators are evaluated periodically. Thus, every decision comes with potential career consequences. This simple observation has important implications for understanding how higher education institutions are managed. This paper takes a step towards understanding how universities evaluate their academic administrators by investigating Canadian university decanal reappointments. The sample included 13 reappointed and one non-reappointed deans and the analysis focused on organizational politics. The paper proposes a framework based on formal, normative, and moral criteria to adjudicate political behaviour and finds reappointment politics to be simultaneously embedded, necessary, and problematic. The implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.

Mary Lowe Good (1931-2019).

Renowned chemist, respected leader, and inspiring mentor

Comparison of High Fat and Low Fat Diets on Histopathological Changes in Liver in a Mouse Model of 4NQO‐induced Oral Cancer

IntroductionWorldwide, liver cancer remains among the top ten most common cancers. Risk factors for liver cancer include tobacco usage, alcohol consumption, obesity, and sex. Administration of 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide (4NQO) in drinking water mimics the effects of tobacco and leads to oral carcinoma in mice. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high and low in saturated fat diets (HF and LF, respectively), and sex, on liver histopathology in 4NQO‐treated mice and controls. We hypothesized that 4NQO’s carcinogenic effects would cause histopathological changes in the liver. We also hypothesized that a HF diet would increase inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis when compared to the LF diet.Materials and methodsMale and female C57Bl/6 mice (Jackson Labs, 36 each gender), 5 weeks old, were divided into a low fat (10 kcal% fat; LF) or HF (60 kcal% fat) diet. Within each dietary group, mice were randomly assigned to one of 3 water treatment groups for 17 weeks: water alone (control); propylene glycol in water (1.25%; PG‐H2O); or 4NQO in PG‐H2O (50 mg/ml; 4NQO). After 17 weeks, all mice were given water alone for 6 weeks prior to euthanasia. Livers were harvested, portions were frozen or formalin fixed, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E). Histopathology criteria used for tissue assessment included steatosis, fibrosis, and lymphoid cell infiltration. Frozen liver samples were hydrolyzed and a colorimetric test was used to measure triglyceride content. Trichrome staining of collagen was performed, and slides were graded visually for fibrosis using an adapted Metavir scale. T‐cells (CD3+ cells), macrophages (CD68+ cells), and neutrophils (Ly6+ cells) were detected by immunohistochemistry, counted, and normalized to tissue area. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism 7.0. All animal work was in compliance with the regulations of IACUC at Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL.ResultsCompared to water controls, 4NQO‐treatment significantly increased hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration by neutrophils (11± 1 vs. 31± 3 cells/mm2), T cells (76 ± 7 vs. 99 ± 6 cells/mm2), and macrophages (468 ± 40 vs. 562 ± 25 cells/mm2). Infiltration with inflammatory cells was accompanied by liver fibrosis. Interestingly, HF diet caused hepatic histopathologic changes with severe fatty changes in males, and only moderate fatty changes in female control mice. Thus, triglyceride content was significantly higher in HF males when compared to all other control groups (HF male 14.0 ± 3.2 %, LF male 2.9 ± 0.8 %, HF female 3.2 ± 0.4 %, and LF female 2.3 ± 0.5 %). Fatty change was significantly reduced by 4NQO treatment, possibly as a result of cachexia.ConclusionThis mouse model of oral cancer, initially established to mimic the effects of smoking, may be extended to serve as a model for the effects of tobacco and diet on liver as well.Support or Funding InformationWe recognize the Midwestern University Deans of the College of Dental Medicine and the College of Graduate studies for their support of this research. Student research was supported by the Office of Research and Sponsored Programs.

The Reality of The Electronic Management for Academic Administrators at The University of Tabuk: واقع الإدارة الإلكترونية للإداريين الأكاديميين بجامعة تبوك

The study aimed to identify the reality of the electronic management of the academic administrators of Tabuk University in Saudi Arabia. The study used descriptive analytical method by applying a questionnaire to a sample of (117) academic administrators at Tabuk University for the academic year 2014-2015. The study reached several results, the most important of which is that the reality of electronic administration at Tabuk University was average. In addition, the field of training policies in the application of electronic management came first place and then the field of electronic monitoring and evaluation, then the field of electronic implementation, planning and organization, and finally the field of performance evaluation. The study found that the level of the field of training policies in the application of electronic management was high because of the interest of the university administration to provide the latest software and equipment that develops administrative work. The study found that the level of planning and organization was between high and medium. The study recommended the need to train academic administrators on electronic management in the field of planning and organization, and work to raise the awareness of the senior management of the university and raise the awareness of academic administrators of the importance of electronic management and its effective role in administrative work. The study also recommended conducting training courses in electronic administration for deans of colleges. In addition to adopting the proposed program that was developed to develop the efficiency of academic administrators in electronic administration at Tabuk University.

Role of Holistic Education in Empowering University Students for Industrial Development in Tanzania

The aim of this paper was to explore the role of holistic education in empowering university students for middle economy development in Tanzania. The government has made various attempts to reform its education system to prepare university learners to manage, develop the country for the middle industrialization economy. Holistic education could be a functional tool for empowering youth for industrial Development. The study was guided by three objectives: To determine the contribution of skills taught at the University in empowering the learners for Industrial Development, examine the education system to industrial development, to determine the attitude of university learners towards self-reliance in Tanzania. The survey design was adopted and purposive sampling, stratified, simple random selection method were used to select 150 participants from a population of 2000 students from five universities. Forty lecturers were selected from a population of 500. Five university deans, and 5 university managers were purposive sampled, this made a total of 200 participants. The study utilized mixed methods, convergent parallel research methods designs, which involved quantitative and qualitative research methods. The instruments for data collection were a questionnaire, in-depth interview guide, and observation. Validity and reliability were checked, the result of Cronbach's alpha was 0.861 indicating that the instruments were valid and reliable. Data was collected, coded using expressive statistics with the support package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21. Qualitative information were coded by the naming of conceptual categories and main themes to obtain numerous realities. The results demonstrated that majority of graduates in Tanzania were preparing for white collar's job, they lack capacity to transfer theoretical to work place situation which is needed. The study suggested: Educational Curriculum needs to be reviewed to meet the demand of the people, commence an intensive mentoring programs by formulating link with other industry investors, alumni, professional, and business professions so that university learners can acquire knowledge and skills for industrial development.

Recruiting, Evaluating, and Retaining Kinesiology Faculty Members

This paper offers direction and guidance to help departments develop fair and equitable search, evaluation, and retention strategies for their faculty. Included is how to attract a diverse candidate pool and successfully recruit diverse candidates. In addition, the paper provides guidelines about evaluating faculty members, emphasizing the need for formative evaluation that offers faculty ample opportunities, resources, and support systems for improving their performance before any summative evaluations administered by a department or college. Finally, the paper presents retention stratagems as guidelines to help departments support and retain their high-quality faculty members. Achieving the goals of recruitment, retention, and advancement requires the involvement and leadership of university officers, school deans, department chairs/heads, and faculty.